The New Frontier.Election of 1960.

John F. Kennedy v. Richard M. Nixon.

New kind of campaign: Television played an important role in the

election.

Main issues were national security and the economy.

Just like today!

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Kennedy Wins!

• Kennedy accused the previous administration for a “Missile Gap.”

• Whisper campaign about Kennedy’s religion.

• Kennedy won by 119,000 votes nation wide!

Kennedy’s Legislative Agenda-New Frontier.

• Money to education.

• Health care for elderly.(Medicare.)

• Create Dept. of Urban Affairs.

• Help migrant workers.

• Although he didn’t have much success with this agenda, Johnson will.

Strengthening the Economy.

• Deficit spending on:

• Defense.

• Space.(NASA.)

• Adopted Supply-Side ideas.

• Wanted tax cuts.

• Minimum wage raised.

Warren Court Reforms.

• “One man, one vote.”

• Extending due process:

• Map v. Ohio. Search warrants,

• Gideon v. Wainwright. Right to lawyer.

• Escobedo v. Illinois/ Miranda v. Arizonia. Remain silent, right to a lawyer, Anything they say….

Prayer and Privacy.

• Engel v. Vitale. No school sanctioned prayers.

• Griswold v. Connecticut. Right to birth control.

• Warren Court was an “Activist” court promoting social change.

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JFK and Cold War.

• “Flexible Response.”

• Rely less on Nukes and have a larger regular military.

• Minimize the “nuke’em or nothing” idea.

• Alliance for Progress. 20 billion to Latin America to build economies.

Peace Corp.

• This still exists today.

• Send experts to other poor countries to help them build up their economy and society.

Space Race.

• Soviets ahead of us in space “Firsts.”

• Kennedy committed U.S. to land a man on the moon by end of decade.(1970)

• Now it was a race to moon!

• U.S. won, July of 1969.

• U.S. hasn’t been back since 1973.

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Crises of the Cold War.

• Bay of Pigs. 1961.

• Berlin Wall Erected. 1961.

• Cuban Missile Crisis. 1962.

• CMC brought U.S. closest ever to nuclear war.

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Death of J.F.K.• Shot in Dallas. Nov. 1963.• Nation stunned; people openly wept in public.

Lee Harvey Oswald, accused assassin, shot by Jack Ruby while in police custody.

Warren Commission determined that Oswald acted alone.

Big questions still remain.

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Great Society. L.B.J.

• Lyndon Johnson becomes President.• War on Poverty:• Economic Opportunity Act. Create jobs.• Neighborhood Youth Corp. Work study for

students.• Job Corp. Help train people for work.• VISTA. Domestic Peace Corp.

Election of 1964.

• Johnson v. Barry Goldwater.• Then Goldwater was considered a

VERY conservative Republican. • Now he’d be a moderate Republican.• “Extremism in the defense of liberty is

NO vise!”• Johnson’s campaign turned him into a

crazy radical. Johnson wins big.

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Great Society After 64 Election.

• Medicare, Medicaid, Child Nutrition Act(School lunch program), Elem. And Sec. Education Act. Higher Education Act.(scholarships, student loans, and work study), Project Head Start, Housing and Urban development Act,

• Water and Air Quality Act, Highway safety Act, and FAIR Packaging and Labeling Act.