using a social media platform to explore how social media
TRANSCRIPT
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Using a Social Media Platform to Explore How Social Media Can Enhance Primary
and Secondary Learning
http://opinion.berkeley.edu/learning Sanjay Krishnan, UC Berkeley Ken Goldberg, UC Berkeley
Yuko Okubo, Fujitsu Laboratories of America Kanji Uchino, Fujitsu Laboratories of America
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Each day… • 10 billion minutes spent on Facebook • 400 million tweets • 100,000 hours of videos uploaded to
Youtube
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Outline How can Social Media Enhance Primary and
Secondary Learning?
• Motivation • The Collective Discovery Engine • The Experiment and Progress • Summary and Future Work
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Related Work 1. A.J. Berinsky. The two faces of public opinion. American Journal of Political
Science, pp. 1209-1230, 1999. 2. M. Chang, R. Kuo, G. Loeb, B. Olaniran. Special Issue: Technology-
Enhanced Information Retrieval for Online Learning. 2012. 3. P. Dahlgren. The Internet, public spheres, and political communication:
Dispersion and deliberation. Political Communication, 22(2):147-162, 2005.
4. L. Freeman. Visualizing Social Networks. Journal of Social Structure, 1(1):4, 2000.
5. J.S. Fishkin and R.C. Luskin. Experimenting with a democratic ideal: Deliberative Deliberative polling and public opinion. Acta Politica, 40(3):284-298, 2005.
6. K. Squire, L. Giovanetto, B. Devane and S. Durga. From users to designers: Building a self-organizing game-based learning environment. TechTrends. 34-42. 2005 Foundations and Trends in Information Retrieval, 2(1-2):1-135, 2008.
7. D. Wiley, E. Edwards. Online Self-Organizing Social Systems. Quarterly Review of Distance Education. 2002
8. MMS Education, 2012 Survey of K-12 Educators on Social Networking, Online Communities, and Web 2.0 Tools. 2012.
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Everyday Life: Ethnography
Social Scientific Understanding of Learning • Activity Theory , Social Learning, and Constructivism
(Vygotsky, Engeström) • Constructionism (Papert, Harel) • Situated Learning (Lave & Wenger) • Practice (Bourdieu, Giddens, Ortner, Lave) • Habitus (Bourdieu)
The Participant
Social World of Learning
Virtual World: Collective
Discovery Engine
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Massive Open Online Courses
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Open Teaching Initiatives
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Social Media:
Benefit: • Quantity
Problem: • Quantity
Existing Social Media tools are:
• Binary (friend/not friend, thumbs up/down) • Linear (lists of comments/tweets)
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Visualization
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Strongly Disagree Strongly Agree
Continuous Ratings
Visual Analog Scale
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The Collective Discovery Engine
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Step 1 Enter opinions on the profile statements and
create a bloom. .
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Step 2 Contribute to the discussion.
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Step 3 Read and evaluate the ideas of others.
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Gameplay
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Outline How can Social Media Enhance Primary and
Secondary Learning?
• Motivation • System Description • The Experiment and Progress • Summary and Future Work
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Discussion Topic
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How can Social Media be Used to Enhance Primary and Secondary Learning?
1. How effective will this idea be?
2. How innovative is this idea?
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Participation • 155 participants, 118 ideas, 751
evaluation pairs
<18 2%
18-26 36%
26-33 25%
33-50 24%
50< 13%
USA 67%
China 8%
Japan 7%
Other 18%
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Age Location
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Profile Statements • 8 statements • Examples
– Twitter can expose students to new perspectives on topics they are studying.
– A degree from an on-line school like Khan Academy is equivalent to a high-school diploma.
– Nothing can replace a pencil and paper for learning.
– Video lectures are better than traditional lectures as they free up class time for group discussions.
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Strongly Disagree Strongly Agree
Strongly Disagree Strongly Agree
Strongly Disagree Strongly Agree
Strongly Disagree Strongly Agree
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Profile Statements
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Strongly Disagree Strongly Agree
Video Lectures are better
Facebook is a distraction
Nothing can replace paper
Khan academy
Facebook helps build social skills
Twitter can expose new perspectives
Social Media Games are useful
Google Docs can help with math
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Demographics and Profile Statements
0.25
0.375
0.5
0.625
0.75
18-‐26
26-‐33
33-‐50
50+
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Profile Correlations
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Diversity of Opinions
22 PCA visualization of all participants
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Top Rated Ideas
1. Foreign Language Education “…learning of a new language will be fun if students can practice it with native speakers who live in other parts of the world through social media…” facilitate weighing overall contributions.
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Top Rated Ideas
2. Grading Group Projects “…Collaborative tools like Google Docs can reveal the history of a document to reveal who has contributed to a document, and in what ways…”
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Top Rated Ideas 3. Teacher Collaboration “Sharing tools and techniques to improve learning…generating a database from which to gain inspiration and collaboration for lesson plans, field trips, engagement, etc. “
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Top Rated Ideas
4. Diversity “In the United States, neighbourhoods are not always very diverse…exposure to different people and perspectives will benefit students.”
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Steve Sorden, “Emerging Trends in Foreign Language Teaching with ICT,” 2012 (CESL, Univ. of Arizona)
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Ministry of Education, Singapore, 2007
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Youthradio.org
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Outline How can Social Media Enhance Primary and
Secondary Learning?
• Motivation • The Collective Discovery Engine • The Experiment and Progress • Summary and Future Work
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Summary • The Collective Discovery Engine is an interactive
visual tool to generate ideas around a topic of interest.
• Participants had diverse opinions on Social Media and Learning topics.
• Results suggest that our spatial reputation model and 2D continuous slider approach and is effective at discovering insight.
• Project is on-going and we invite you to participate: – http://opinion.berkeley.edu/learning/
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Future Work
• How can we visualize the textual data? • Most common approach is the word
cloud.
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Future Work • Can we use the space to convey
semantic meaning? • Distributed Spectral Dimensionality
Reduction.
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Future Work
• Building a multi-lingual interface for grassroots engagement in developing economies.
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Social Media Provides Learning Communities and Processes
• Jean Lave and Etienne Wenger (1991) argue a community of practice.
• Sugata Mitra self-organizing organism • Peer-based self-directed learning online (Ito
et al. 2008 Digital Youth Project)
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Recruitment
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53%
22%
13%
6% 4%
2%
Direct Search Engine Twitter Facebook labs.fujitsu.com
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Evaluating Our Approach
• Visualization [Faridani et al. 2010] • Reputation model [Bitton 2011] • Sampling method shows statistically
significant reductions in preferential attachment.
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Related Commercial Systems
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Algorithms and Models
• Reputation model that incorporates profile responses
• Uncertainty Minimizing Sampling
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