vadinar oil terminal limited - welcome to...

Vadinar Oil Terminal Limited (F.No.10-121/2008-IA-III)

Devbhoomi Dwarka Dist, Gujarat

Vadinar Oil Terminal Limited (VOTL) – an ESSAR Group company proposes two new berths namely C and D with connecting trestle and associated facilities in the existing Marine Terminal at Vadinar to cater to handling of liquid and gaseous POLs for their Group Company ESSAR Oil Limited’s proposed refinery expansion. Application for this proposed Project has been submitted to Ministry on 03-10-2008. Ministry has issued the ToR for EIA on 06-11-2008 and amended ToR on 29-12-2008.

The proposed project envisages construction of two berths, namely Berth C and Berth D north of the existing berths. Existing marine facilities as well as proposed berths are in the area of the Kandla Port Trust (KPT).

The dimension of each berth will be 300 m x 25 m with a central platform of 120 m x 40 m. The proposed Berths C and D will be separated from the existing berths by a trestle of 150 m x 20 m. The Berths and the trestle will be on piles in water depth of more than 10 m and hence will be in CRZ-IV (A).

The proposed expansion does not involve dredging as natural depths for safe navigation are available in the Pathfinder Inlet, Gulf of Kutch.

The major installations on Berths C and D will include state-of-the-art marine loading arms with safety features such as PERC (Powered Emergency Release Coupling), three stage alarm and warning system, safety sensors and instrumentations; QRSs (Quick Release Hooks); bollards, fenders, fire-fighting system and equipment, etc. The berths and trestle will carry products, slop and crude oil pipelines, fire water pipelines, electric cables, etc.

EIA report for the project has been prepared by National Institute of Oceanography (NIO), Regional Centre, Mumbai. Public Hearing for the project has been conducted on 01-12-2009. Presentation was made to the EAC for Environmental Clearance on 22-10-2010 (92nd EAC). A Sub-committee constituted by the EAC has visited the site on 03-07-2011 and submitted their report to the Ministry on 16-10-2011 (102nd EAC).

In the meantime, Ministry issued CRZ Notification in 2011 under which the above mentioned proposal required CRZ Clearance in view of CRZ-IV zone applicable to project. Accordingly, CRZ application (along with CRZ maps with proposed facilities duly superimposed, prepared by CESS – a MoEF authorized agency for CRZ) was submitted to Gujarat Coastal Zone Management authority (GCZMA) on 18-08-2011 for CRZ Clearance. The GCZMA has issued their CRZ recommendations vide their letter dated 10-06-2015.

Section - 1

VOTL Terminal & Offshore Management System

Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013

VADINAR OIL TERMINAL LIMITED Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan

P a g e | 0

REV : 05 VADINAR OIL TERMINAL LIMITED P a g e | 0 DATE : Jan-2012

Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan

OIL SPILL DISASTER CONTINGENCY PLAN (OSDCP)

VADINAR OIL TERMINAL LIMITED

Section - 1


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 1

Preface

VOTL Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan (OSDCP) report has been formulated as per the IMO/OISD-2000 guidelines.

The report contains the Strategy Plan and the Response Plan.

The strategy plan describes the scope of the plan including geographical coverage, perceived risks, oil spill modeling studies, clean-up strategy, identification of equipment, resources at risk, storage facilities and disposal methods, responsibilities and action plans, communication, etc.

The response plan contains initial actions in the event of oil spills including reporting of oil spill incidence, notification information checklist, surveillance and tracking of oil at sea, oil spill response management checklist, etc. The report also presents information of various agencies including Coast Guard, State/Central government officials, emergency essential services, etc, to be informed in case of oil spill emergency

Section - 1


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 2

DOCUMENT STATUS

Sr.No.

Section No. Status

Date Revision No. 1 1.01 JAN-2013 06

2 1.02 JAN-2013 06

3 1.03 JAN-2013 06

4 1.04 JAN-2013 06

5 1.05 JAN-2013 06

6 1.06 JAN-2013 06

7 1.07 JAN-2013 06

8 1.08 JAN-2013 06

9 1.09 JAN-2013 06

10 1.10 JAN-2013 06

11 1.11 JAN-2013 06

11 1.12 JAN-2013 06

12 2.01 JAN-2013 06

13 2.02 JAN-2013 06

14 2.03 JAN-2013 06

15 2.04 JAN-2013 06

16 2.05 JAN-2013 06

17 2.06 JAN-2013 06

18 2.07 JAN-2013 06

19 3.01 JAN-2013 06

20 3.02 JAN-2013 06

21 3.03 JAN-2013 06

22 3.04 JAN-2013 06

23 4.01 JAN-2013 06

24 4.02 JAN-2013 06

25 4.03 JAN-2013 06

26 5.01 JAN-2013 06

27 5.02 JAN-2013 06

28 5.03 JAN-2013 06

29 5.04 JAN-2013 06

30 5.05 JAN-2013 06

31 5.06 JAN-2013 06

32 5.07 JAN-2013 06

33 5.08 JAN-2013 06

34 5.09 JAN-2013 06

35 6.01 JAN-2013 06

36 6.02 JAN-2013 06

37 6.03 JAN-2013 06

Section - 1


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 3

DOCUMENT STATUS

Sr.No. Section

No. Status

Date Revision No.

38 7.01 JAN-2013 06

39 7.02 JAN-2013 06

40 7.03 JAN-2013 06

41 7.04 JAN-2013 06

42 7.05 JAN-2013 06

43 8.01 JAN-2013 06

44 8.02 JAN-2013 06

45 8.03 JAN-2013 06

46 8.04 JAN-2013 06

47 8.05 JAN-2013 06

48 8.06 JAN-2013 06

49 8.07 JAN-2013 06

50 9.01 JAN-2013 06

51 9.02 JAN-2013 06

52 9.03 JAN-2013 06

53 9.04 JAN-2013 06

54 9.05 JAN-2013 06

55 9.06 JAN-2013 06

56 9.07 JAN-2013 06

57 9.08 JAN-2013 06

58 10.01 JAN-2013 06

59 10.02 JAN-2013 06

60 10.03 JAN-2013 06

61 10.04 JAN-2013 06

62 10.05 JAN-2013 06

63 11.01 JAN-2013 06

64 11.02 JAN-2013 06

65 11.03 JAN-2013 06

66 11.04 JAN-2013 06

67 11.05 JAN-2013 06

68 11.06 JAN-2013 06

69 11.07 JAN-2013 06

70 11.08 JAN-2013 06

71 11.09 JAN-2013 06

72 12.01 JAN-2013 06

73 12.02 JAN-2013 06

74 12.03 JAN-2013 06

75 12.04 JAN-2013 06

76 12.05 JAN-2013 06

Section - 1


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 4

TABLE OF CONTENT

PAGE NO. SECTION

CONTENT

1 Introduction and Purpose

1 1.01 Preface

2 1.02 Document status

4 1.03 Table of content

6 1.04 Record of changes

7 1.05 Distribution list

8 1.06 Abbreviation

9 1.07 Introduction and Purpose

12 1.08 Authorities and responsibilities, coordinating committee

13 1.09 Statutory requirements, relevant agreements

14 1.10 Geographical Limits

15 1.11 Tiered Response Concept-IMO Classification

16 1.12 Interfacing of oil spill contingency plan

17 PART-I: STRATEGY

18 2 Perceived Oil Spill risks

18 2.01 Identification of activities and risks

18 2.02 Development of Oil Spill scenarios

23 2.03 Types of Oil likely to be spilled

23 2.04 Probable fate of spilled oil

23 2.05 Fate & Effects

26 2.06 Shore Line sensitivity mapping

26 2.07 Special local consideration

27 3 Spill response strategy

27 3.01 Philosophy and objectives

28 3.02 Limiting and adverse conditions

28 3.03 Strategy for offshore zones

31 3.04 Strategy for oil and waste storage and disposal

33 4 Equipment ,supplies and services

33 4.01 On water oil spill equipment

35 4.02 Inspection ,maintenance and testing

35 4.03 Shoreline equipment ,supplies and services

36 5 Management ,manpower and training

36 5.01 Crisis Manager and financial authorities

36 5.02 Incident Organization chart

36 5.03 Responsibilities and Duties of Personnel (Normal Operation)

41 5.04 Duties/Responsibilities for Crisis Management Group

46 5.05 Manpower availability (Onsite)

46 5.06 Availability of additional Power (On-call)

46 5.07 Advisors and consultants

47 5.08 Training

47 5.09 Drills/Exercises

48 6 Communications and control

48 6.01 Incident control room and facilities

49 6.02 Field communications equipment

49 6.03 Reports, manuals, maps, charts and incident logs

Section - 1


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 5

TABLE OF CONTENT

PAGE NO. SECTION

CONTENT

50 PART-II: ACTIONS & OPERATIONS

51 7 Actions and Operations

51 7.01 Reporting incident, preliminary estimate of response tier

53 7.02 Notifying key team members and authorities

53 7.03 Establishing and staffing control room

53 7.04 Collecting information

54-57 Appendix 1 to 4

58 7.05 Estimating fate of slick

63 8 Operation planning and mobilization procedures

63 8.01 Assembling full response team

64 8.02 Identifying immediate report and Mobilization immediate response

65 8.03 Preparing initial press statement

66 8.04 Planning medium-term operations

66 8.05 Deciding to escalate response to higher tier

66 8.06 Mobilizing or placing on standby resources required

66 8.07 Establishing field command post and communications

67 9 Control of operations

67 9.01 Establishing a management team with experts and advisors

67 9.02 Updating information

67 9.03 Reviewing and planning operations

67 9.04 Obtaining additional equipment ,supplies and manpower

67 9.05 Preparing daily incident log and management reports

67 9.06 Preparing operation accounting and financial reports

67 9.07 Preparing releases for public and press conferences

67 9.08 Briefing local and government officials

68 10 Termination of operations

68 10.01 Deciding final and optimal levels of beach clean up

68 10.02 Standing down equipment ,cleaning ,maintaining ,replacing

68 10.03 Preparing formal detailed report

68 10.04 Investigations

68 10.05 Reviewing plans and procedures from lessons learnt

69 11.01 Health & safety plan

76 11.02 Environmental sensitivity information

77 11.03 Roles & responsibilities

78 11.04 Anti-pollution resources

81 11.05 Important telephone numbers

84 11.06 Post oil spill remediation

94 11.07 Cleanup evolution/effectiveness monitoring

95 11.08 Post cleanup inspection

96 12 Other Data and Information

97 12.01 Oil Spill on land

97 12.02 Shore line booming guidelines

98 12.03 Shoreline clean-up

100 12.04 Types of Dispersants

101 12.05 References

Section - 1


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 6

Change Number

No. of Pages Affected & Page No.

Date of Change

Date Entered

Details of the Change

01/2007 1(Pg 5) 30/04/2007 03/06/2007 Distribution List

02/2007 1(Pg 6) 30/04/2007 03/06/2007 Abbreviation HS&F 03/2007 1(Pg 10) 30/04/2007 03/06/2007 Sec(1.1) Head-Marine Facilities

04/2007 3 (Pg32,33,34) 30/04/2007 03/06/2007 Sec(5.2)Action Sheets, Head-Marine facilities, Head-Marine operations

05/2007 1(Page 40) 30/04/2007 03/06/2007 Public Affairs plan 06/2007 1(Page 53) 30/04/2007 03/06/2007 Flow Chart-Light/crude oil response guidelines 07/2007 2(Page 68,69) 30/04/2007 03/06/2007 Phone numbers 08/2007 1(Pg 5) 04/06/2007 04/06/2007 Distribution List 09/2007 1 (Page 68) 04/06/2007 04/06/2007 Phone numbers 10/2007 3 (Page 52,66

& 67) 14/09/2007 14/09/2007 Page 52:Use of dispersant, Page 66:Para no 2

under main para of Indian Coast Guard(ICG) Page 67: Anti pollution resources

11/2007

All pages

Dec-2007

Dec-2007

Format of all pages has been revised and page no. changed. DPC was replaced with Shift Incharge and responsibility of Head marine facility was given to Head marine Operation.

12/2008 All Pages Dec-2008 Dec-2008 Essar Logo Changed

13/2008 1 (Page -09) Dec-2008 Dec-2008 Change in Distribution list 14/2008 1 (Page -14) Dec-2008 Dec-2008 PC nominated as Incharge of PMC 15/2008 1 (Page -17) Dec-2008 Dec-2008 List of Interfacing Oil Spill Contingency Plan

updated 16/2008 1 (Page - 41) Dec-2008 Dec-2008 Change in Organization Chart 17/2008 1 (Page - 42) Dec-2008 Dec-2008 Action for PC included 18/2008 4 (Page –

44,45,48,49) Dec-2008 Dec-2008 VHF Communication channel changed from

Ch-06 to Ch-67. 19/2008 1 (Page - 77) Dec-2008 Dec-2008 List of Spill Response Equipment Updated 20/2008 2 (Page–

78,79) Dec-2008 Dec-2008 Contact List Updated

21/2009 1(Page-09) Dec-2009 Dec-2009 Change in Distribution list 22/2009 1(Page-21) Dec-2009 Dec-2009 Berth A and B Included 23/2009 1(Page-41) Dec-2009 Dec-2009 Organization chart updated. 24/2009 3(Page-50 / 78

/ 79) Dec-2009 Dec-2009 Contact No Updated.

25/2011 All Pages Jan-2011 Jan-2011 Yearly review of OSDCP 26/2012 All Pages Jan-2012 Jan-2012 Yearly review of OSDCP 27/2013 All Pages Jan-2013 Jan-2013 Yearly review of OSDCP

28/2013 1(Page-09) Jan-2013 Jan-2013 Change in Distribution list

RECORD OF CHANGES

Updated pages should be inserted in the proper place and obsolete pages discarded. The holder of this plan should record the receipt of each revision on this form.

Section - 1


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 7

DISTRIBUTION LIST

Sr No Name Organization/Location

1 Capt. Deepak Sachdeva Chief Operating Officer, VOTL

2 Mr. K K Sinha CEO & Executive Director, Essar Ports Limited

3 Mr. C Manoharan Director, EOL, Vadinar

4 Marine Terminal Control Room MTCB-Essar Jetty Control Room

5 Mr. Manish Kedia Sr.Vice President/Corporate affairs

6 Dr. Gopal Jayaraman Head HSE- Energy Business

7 Mr. R.K. Lodhi Head –Environment

8 Commander DHQ1 Indian Coast Guard DHQ ,Porbandar

9 Commanding Officer Indian Coast Guard Station, Vadinar

10 Dr. G S Rao COM, Vadinar KPT

11 Mr. R. D. Kamboj Chief Conservator of Forest

12 Mr. M.S.Shukla Regional Officer, GPCB

Section - 1


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 8

ABBREVIATIONS

COT CRZ DPC DWT EOL ESD FCA HS&F HSEF ICG IOCL ITOPF ICMAM IPIECA

KPT LFP MTCB OSC OHC P & I PIT PMC PO SPM SIC VLCC VOTL WLPA

Crude Oil Tank farm Coastal Regulatory Zone Duty Port Captain Dead Weight Tonnage Essar Oil Limited Emergency Shutdown Forest Conversation Act Health, Safety & Fire Health, Safety, Environment & Fire Indian Coast Guard Indian Oil Corporation Limited International Tanker Owners Pollution Federation Integrated Coastal And Marine Area Management International Petroleum Industry Environmental Conservation Association Kandla Port Trust Land Fall Point Marine Terminal Control Building On Scene Commander Occupational Health Centre Protection and Indemnity Product Intermediate Tank Farm Pollution Management Cell Port Officer Single Point Mooring Shift Incharge Very Large Crude Carrier Vadinar Oil Terminal Limited Wild Life Protection Act

Section - 1


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 9

1.07 Introduction and Purpose

This plan is intended to assist VOTL in dealing with an accidental discharge of oil. Its primary purpose is to set in motion the necessary actions to stop or minimize the discharge and to mitigate its effects. Effective planning ensures that the necessary actions are taken in a structured, logical and timely manner.

This plan guides the Chief Operating Officer – VOTL & his Team through the decision, which will be required in an incident response. The tables, figures and checklists provide a visible form or information, thus reducing the chance of oversight or error during the early stages of dealing with an emergency situation.

For this plan to be effective,

VOTL staff members should be aware of own duty during emergency. Regular mock drills to be carried out. Plan to be reviewed and updated once in a year.

Port Captain shall be responsible for

i. The Training of VOTL staff,

ii. Planning and conducting mock drill, preparing & publishing reports.

iii. Review and update of the Plan to ensure that the information contained

therein is updated and valid.

All concerned shall give suggestions for improvement and updation of plan.

The plan is designed to deal with tier one spillages and to provide guidance for the initial response to tier two and tier three incidents. Where a spillage is associated with a wider emergency, then additional factors involving the safety of personnel will take precedence over the pollution response. In this case, reference must be made to the VOTL contingency manual and Essar Crisis Management Plan. The salvage and casualty management of any vessel which poses a threat of pollution are priority considerations.

During oil spill response activities, following points to be considered,

Present Weather & its forecast. Spill site pre-entry briefing Personal protective equipment needs Boat safety Material safety data sheet for spilled oil.

Section - 1


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 10

Plan is focused on key areas of oil spill response as, Prevention

Prevention is the most effective oil spill response strategy. The goal of the plan is to prepare for an oil spill by planning for its prevention. While this plan does not specially address prevention, the plan intends to continue to investigate measures aimed at the prevention of a release of petroleum products such as safe product handling, safe handling procedures, SOPs, safe and new tonnages and preparedness. Preparedness The plan will provide on-going, specialized training to ensure its emergency response personnel are able to respond to marine emergency and incidents in an effective and efficient manner. This plan will ensure that personnel involved in emergency operations are aware of their roles and responsibilities, as well as the responsibilities of other governmental agencies and the responsible party in emergency operations. Timely Response This plan encourages efficient and coordinated response to marine oil spills among the various stake holders involved, and coordination of actions with local officials and the responsible party in order to minimize damage from a marine oil spill. Restoration and Disposal. The plan will ensure that best available technology is used to mitigate damages or restore damaged areas. In addition, the will ensure that all recovered petroleum products and contaminated materials are disposed off, according to applicable environmental regulations.

Section - 1


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 11

DEFINITIONS

Oil: Means petroleum products and their by-products of any kind and in any form including, but not limited to, gasoline, petroleum, fuel oil, sludge, oil refuse, oil mixed with other wastes, crude oils and all other liquid hydrocarbons regardless of specific gravity.

“Oil Spill”-A discharge of Oil; of any kind, be it intentional or accidental. “Discharge”: Any Spilling, leaking, pumping, emitting, emptying or dumping of any type of oil.

Contain or Containment:

Means actions taken in response to a release or threat of release of oil into the environment to prevent or minimize such release so that it does not spread, migrate or otherwise cause or threaten substantial danger to present or future public health, safety, welfare or the environment.

EXTRACT OF POLICY ON PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT:

Vadinar Oil Terminal Limited (hereinafter called the Company) declares the following in line with their company and specific policy with respect to the protection of the environment and prevention of Marine pollution:

a) Implement the provisions of MARPOL/PROTOCOL 73/78 and the

internationally accepted guidelines and codes issued by International Maritime Organization and the Government of India,

b) Provide all necessary support to implement the Oil Spill Disaster

Contingency Plan (OSDCP), hereinafter called ‘The Plan’, consistent with safety of personnel, environment and the terminal assets,

c) Review the plan to keep up with good operating practices, trade

requirements and International or National requirements and ensure that the following are taken into account:

Changing regulations.

Updating of the equipment.

Lessons learnt from incidents at other locations.

Section - 1


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 12

1.08 Authorities and responsibilities, coordinating committee

Chief Operating Officer – VOTL

Chief Operating Officer - VOTL acts as chairman of Pollution Management Cell (PMC) / Crisis Management Group (CMG) and On Scene Commander (OSC).

1. He will be responsible to liaise with corporate communication for press statement release as per crisis communication policy/plan.

2. He will be responsible to liaise with Mutual Aid Partners. 3. He will be responsible for authorization of expenditure. 4. He will be responsible for making the final incident report, 5. He will be responsible for the conduct of spill response operations and for

casualty /salvage management within the Local Area. He will be supported in his role by VOTL Marine personnel and by the Pollution Management Cell.

Pollution Management Cell (PMC) / Crisis Management Group (CMG)

Oil pollution management cell consists of Port captain as a Manager, Shift Incharge and other four personnel. All other four persons may be employee or contract personnel. Port captain is responsible for the organization and function of the cell.

Management Team Support Team

Chief Operating Officer-VOTL

Port Captain Shift Incharge

Diving Supervisor

Essar Oil Limited

Administration, Accounts, Head-Corporate Relations

Head – HSEF

Tier – I Incident

In the event of a Tier-I spillage (Refer 1.11) at SPM or Jetty, depending on the circumstances of the incident, PMC/CMG in consultation with Chairman-PMC, may include representative from the following organizations and authorities.

1. Essar Oil Limited

2. Vessel Owners / Agent

3. P&I Club / ITOPF

4. Salvor (if appropriate)

Section - 1


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 13

1.09 Statutory requirements, relevant agreements

International convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response and Co-operation 1990, which came into force on 13th May 1995, to which the Indian Government is a signatory, places a statutory responsibility on Vadinar Oil Terminal Limited (VOTL) to have a plan for responding to oil pollution within its Marine Terminal Area.

This statutory requirement is fulfilled by the Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan (OSDCP) which incorporates the Alerting and Communications requirements stipulated by the Indian Coast Guard.

VOTL, being a partner of Mutual-Aid Scheme for Oil Spill Response & Control along with neighboring oil handling industries namely BORL, IOCL and Reliance Industries Limited places responsibilities on VOTL to have a plan in accordance with the requirement of the said Agreements.

Section - 1


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 14

1.10 Geographical limits: The plan contain details of contingency arrangements required for responding to the actual or threatened oil pollution incidents within the marine terminal area ,as below.

Mandvi

Coral reef patches

SPM systems

Mangroves Salt pans

Response strategy for the VOTL plan has been developed taking into account the spill risks, and possible sources of spillage associated with Marine Terminal operations including those at the SPM and Jetty berths and other facilitates within the Port.

The geographical area of operations is bound by, but not limited to, one mile either side of the line joining following coordinates.

SPM : 69o 39’ 35”E

22o 30’ 14”N LFP : 69o 43’ 26”E

22o 27’ 59”N Berth B (North End) : 69o 40’ 10.26”E

22o 27’ 15.25”N Berth A (South End): 69o 40’ 11”E

22o 26’ 54”N Sea Water Intake : 69o 40’ 32”E

22o 26’ 11”N LO- LO/ RO-RO Jetty: 69o 40’ 29”E

22o 26’ 24”N

Section - 1


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 15

Tier- I

up to 700 MT

Operational spillages which can be dealt with using the resources immediately available

Tier – II

700 Ton to 10000 MT

Medium sized spillages which exceed VOTL resources and which require district and/or Regional assistance.

Tier – III

More than 10000 MT

Large spillages which exceed the full resources of the district/region and which may require National assistance and /or the implementation of the NOS – DCP.

1.11 Oil Spill Tiered Response:

Oil spills will be categorized in accordance with the internationally recognized three tier classification system as outlined below.

Tiered Response Concept- IMO Classification:

Section - 1


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 16

1.12 Interfacing of Oil Spill Contingency Plan

Oil Company and port oil spill contingency Plans The companies whose installations are located in nearby area have individually prepared their own contingency plans, which detail their response to tier one incident. Agreement dated 06.05.2011 of Mutual Aid- Scheme for Oil Spill Response and control by oil handling Member Organization (Between Essar, IOCL & BORL) and for Mutual Aid-scheme dated 22.06.11 between Essar & Reliance strengthens Oil Spill response capability in the area.

These Oil spill contingency plans are from:

No. Owner

1. Indian Oil Corporation Limited

2. Reliance Industries Ltd

3. Bharat Oman Refinery Ltd

4. Mundra Port

5. Kandla Port Trust

District Plans In the event of actual or threatened spread of oil extent of which is or is likely to be beyond the mitigating resources available with VOTL, then the ICG Oil Pollution plan may be implemented. In such case nominated officer of ICG will assume the function of On Scene Commander

National Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan (NOS – DCP) In the event of an oil spill incident which calls for a Tier-III response, the coast guard will implement the NOS – DCP. VOTL and all Mutual Aid Partners will continue to deploy their anti pollution resources, as directed by the coast guard’s on scene commander

Section - 2


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 17

PART: I: STRATEGY

Section - 2


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 18

PART I: STRATEGY

2) Perceived Oil Spill Risks:

Main spill scenarios have been assessed and the probabilities of their taking place as per the statistical modeling have also been identified. (Ref: Risk Assessment Study Environ: Feb 2010)

2.01 Identification of activities and risks:

The following scenarios are identified for probable oil spills in marine operations of VOTL:

(i) Spill due to floating hose failure at SPM

(ii) Spill due to rupture of subsea crude oil pipeline from SPM to LFP

(iii) Spill due to collision at SPM & tanker route

(iv) Spill due to overflow from tanker while transfer of Oil at Jetty

(v) Spill due to Loading arm failure at Jetty

(vi) Spills due to tanker collision / grounding in the vicinity of Jetty.

Risk Assessment Summary for operational spillages:

Cause Assessed Risk Spill Quantity

SPM – Floating Hose Failure

Rare Phenomenon (Ref:EIL 4.4.2)

153 T (Ref: Environ 5.5.1)

Overflow from tanker while transfer of oil at Jetty

Rare Phenomenon (Ref: Environ 5.5.4)

56 T (Ref: Environ 5.5.4)

Jetty Berths -Loading Arm Failure

Extremely Low (Ref: Environ 5.5.5)

10 Lit (Ref: Environ 5.5.5)

Rupture of subsea crude oil pipeline from SPM to shore tanks

Rare Phenomenon (Ref: Environ 5.5.2)

0.0756 T (Ref: Environ 5.5.2)

2.02 Development of Oil Spill scenarios

VOTL is operating 02Nos Berths (A & B) which can accommodate vessels ranging from 25,000 to 100,000 DWT for oil handling & one SPM which can accommodate vessels ranging from 87000 to 3,50,000 DWT for crude oil. Marine Terminal is located within an area which has been declared as a Marine National Park/ Marine Sanctuary. The mean tidal range is approximate 6 meters and current speed in excess of 2 knots may be experienced alongside the jetty.

VOTL is prepared to mitigate Spills of Importance from routine operations, while oil spill situations of higher magnitude are dealt with neighboring industries/ Indian coast Guard cooperation and external intervention. The exact quantities from each incident is difficult to predict due to the variables of operating conditions and the length of risk exposure, optimum risks associated with the events has been considered while devising the oil spill Contingency plan.

Section - 2


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 19

Port Operations

Pilotage

Pilotage is compulsory for all vessels. Pilotage and auxiliary support craft services are provided by Kandla Port Trust (KPT)

Main Approach Channel

The least depth in the main approach channel to the tanker jetty is 14 meters; the maximum acceptable draft alongside jetty berths is 14 meters. A minimum under keel clearance of 6% of vessel’s maximum sea going draft plus 0.60 meters is applied to all vessels under way.

While the risk of grounding is low, it cannot be totally eliminated. The most likely cause is steering or propulsion system failure which could result in grounding on the channel margins with consequent damage to the bottom and/ of the mid body plating. The potential spill quantities depend upon the size / type of tanker and the area of impact damage. The vessels calling the product terminal, in bound and out bound will be escorted by minimum two tugs in fair weather condition. This considerably reduces the risk of the vessel running aground in the channel.

Approach to SPM

Tankers bound for SPM will follow the deep water route. Berthing and un berthing of the tankers on to the SPM will be done by KPT Pilots. Charted depth at SPM location is 34.5 meters. Grounding of Tankers in the SPM area is considered as very remote.

Collision between Vessels Underway

The control which will be imposed on ship movements within the terminal are designed to ensure that any risk or collision is minimized. For example, inward / outward bound ships will have sole occupancy of the approach channel to the jetty berths; additionally all departing vessels will remain under pilotage up to the western limit of the terminal area. It is this considered that the likelihood of collision between vessels under way within the terminal area is remote. There is relatively a greater risk of collision between vessels maneuvering to the SPM and the jetty anchorage position without pilotage assistance.

Berthing incident (Jetty)

Oil spills can occur as a result of hull contact with the corners of breasting dolphins during ship berthing or un-berthing maneuvers. Such incidents are generally due to failure of a vessel’s main propulsion or steering systems, loss of control onboard

Section - 2


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 20

an attendant tug or pilot error or misjudgment. The potential spill quantities involved depend on the vessel type and the location and extent of the impact damage.

Tug impact

There are well documented incidents where cargo or bunker oil has been released, as a result of hull impact damage by tugs. This can occur when tugs are approaching a vessel underway prior to berthing, or when coming alongside a moored vessel prior to un-berthing. The potential spill quantities again depend on the location and extent of the impact. Adequate fenders shall reduce the level of risk.

Cargo Transfer Operations (SPM/Jetty)

This section considers the potential sources of oil spills during the discharge of crude oil cargoes at SPM/Loading of products from Jetty. It should be noted the ITOPF statistics demonstrate that most oil spill incidents occur during routine cargo handling operations and that some 91% of these incidents resulted in spillages of less than 7 tones

Connection of Floating Hose String

After the floating hoses have been lifted on board, blank flanges are unbolted form the ends of the hoses prior to connecting them to the ship’s presentation flanges. Small spillages may occur during removal of the blank flanges; these are caused by surging of the line contents as the floating hose sections follow the wave pattern. While in most cases such spillages are contained within the ship’s manifold drip tray, there are recorded incidents where oil has incidents where oil has escaped overboard via scuppers, which have not been effectively plugged. Spillages of this nature should not exceed 1 m3

Snapping of 24’’ diameter Floating Hose

Spillage of crude oil due to snapping of a floating hose, during crude oil unloading operation @ 10000 m3/hr. estimated time taken for response is two minutes. Snapping of hose may occur due to, accidental drifting of tanker, colliding with SPM of the hose getting entangled due to movement of a tug boat very near to the SBM / Tanker of due to rough weathering condition. Theoretically the quantity spilled would be 53 tons. Chances of a full bore snapping of the hose are classified as a rare phenomenon. (Ref: 4.4.2 EIL – Sep 2000/5.5.1-Environ Feb 2010)

Sea chest and Overboard Discharge Valves

Oil can escape to the sea via sea chest or overboard discharge valves which are directly connected to the cargo pipeline system due to either incorrect line setting or defective valves. The likelihood of this occurring is considerably less on SBT vessels.

Section - 2


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 21

Slop Tank Overflow

Crude oil washing (COW) of cargo tanks will be undertaken during bulk cargo discharge; this operation entails the transfer of tank bottoms and washing oil back to the vessel’s slop tanks(s). The overflow of slop tanks as a result of instrumentation failure or operator error during this process in not uncommon. Checks on the system and operation, pre, during and post COW will considerably lower the associated risk.

Vessel Breakout (MBC Activation)

Other than a sudden and catastrophic failure of the mooring hawser leading to rupture of the floating hose string, it can be reasonably assumed that cargo discharge will have been suspended in weather conditions which approach the established environmental limits. It would also be normal practice to station a crewmember on the forecastle head to maintain a mooring watch. Under most circumstances, therefore, early warning of a potential breakout situation can be anticipated.

In any event, an emergency stop button for the main cargo pumps will be located at the ship’s manifold and the deck watch keeper would initiate an ESD immediately the hose string parts. A vessel breakout and loss of integrity of the floating hose string could result in a spill quantity of some 142 m3. This quantity is based on the following assumptions;

Bulk flow rate Reaction time ESD activation time Hose contents

In case of undue stresses experienced by the floating hose string, the breakaway couplings will get activated. These are designed to seal both ends on activation.

Hull Failure The incidence of oil pollution due to hull failure is low and some 84% of the incidents attributed to this cause by ITOPF involved spill quantities of less than 7 tonnes; these spills were cause mainly by minor hull fractures and weld failures. The potential for more serious incidents with spill quantities in excess of 700 tonnes must, however, be acknowledged.

Fire and Explosion

Fires and explosions on board ship represent a safety hazard with the risk of oil pollution as a secondary impact. All tankers engaged for trading to the SPM facility will be equipped with inert gas systems; gives the control which will be imposed and enforced by VOTL in respect of the oxygen content of cargo tanks, the risk of fire and / or explosion in the cargo spaces must be regarded as minimal. Strict monitoring and control of the main cargo pump room atmosphere will minimize the fire and explosion risks associated with this space. Fires resulting from uncontrolled smoking in the accommodation, hot work such as

Section - 2


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 22

welding and engine room fires can spread rapidly if not dealt with swiftly and can give rise to incidents of a very serious nature. While the likelihood of fire or explosion occurring on board vessels berthed at the SPMs is low, the risk is nevertheless acknowledged. Such an incident could give rise to a spillage of 700 tonnes or more.

Spillages of Fuel Oil Fuel oil bunkers are not supplied to tankers moored to the SPM. It may, therefore, be necessary for vessels to undertake the internal transfer of fuel oil for trim or other operational reasons. A bunker tank overflow during such operations could result in spillages of < 1 ton.

Ballast Discharge Only Segregated Ballast Tankers (SBTs) shall be accepted at the SPM & Tanker Berths. Prior to arrival ballast is required to be changed in deep water to minimize any environmental impact while ballast discharging .Vessels are recommended to comply with their Ballast Water Management Plan. Vessels calling VOTL for loading are required to have their ballast changed prior arrival. Also vessels calling VOTL are required to send the declaration/undertaking “all the ballast tanks inspected and no oil traces found” prior berthing operation.

Loading Arms

The operation of loading arms can lead to minor releases of oil. Common sources are vent valves, swivel joints and hydraulic lines, loading arms are equipped with PERC (Powered Emergency Release Coupling) with DDV (Double Disk Valve).

Cargo Tank Overflow

Cargo tank overflows can occur on board loading vessels; spills of this nature can be due to instrumentation failure or human error. The spill quantity is a function of the flow rate and also the number of tanks being loaded at the time of the incident. Some of the oil will be retained on deck but in a worst case scenario, some oil could go overboard.

Hull Failure, Fire and Explosion

The risks of full failure fire and explosion are also similar to those for SPM vessels with the attendant spill quantities being proportional to the tanker size.

Effluent Discharges

Treated effluent from the Refinery is discharged into the sea area at outfall through diffuser. The discharge consent levels are set and monitored by the State pollution Control Board and VOTL regularly tests for effluent quality.

Instrumentation malfunction, failure of in-line samplers or operator error can result in the entrainment of oil in the final discharge to harbor waters. Most spillages of this nature are not substantial and, based on industry experience elsewhere, are unlikely to exceed 5 m3 in volume.

Section - 2


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 23

Bunkering of Supporting tugs at KPT jetty

Supporting tugs receive bunker at KPT jetty, there is a risk of oil spillage while transferring the Diesel Oil from road tanker to the tug. This operation is being done in close supervision of tug’s staff. In case of accidental leakage from hose some liters of oil may go to sea.

Bunkering of Supporting crafts at SWI Supporting crafts receive bunker at SWI area, there is a risk of oil spillage while transferring the Diesel Oil from Road tanker / SWI tank to the craft. This operation is being done in close supervision of craft’s staff and SWI operator, in case of accidental leakage from hose some liters of oil may go to sea

2.03 Types of Oil likely to be spilled

No

Oil Type Specific Gravity

Genre

Characteristics

Examples

1

Light oil

< 0.84

White oils

Non-persistent, Volatile

Aviation fuel, Kerosene, Motor spirit, Naphtha, HSD.

2

Crude oil

>0.84

Black oils

Persistent, Viscous, Emulsion. Fresh oil amenable to dispersants

Arabian Light, Arabian Heavy etc.

3

Heavy oil

>0.95

Black oils

Persistent, Viscous, Emulsion, Generally not amenable to dispersants

Fuel Oils, LSWR

2.04 Probable fate of spilled Oil:

In considering the fate of spilled oil at sea, a distinction is frequently made betweennonpersistent oils, which tend to disappear rapidly from the sea surface, and persistent oils, which in contrast dissipate more slowly and usually require a clean-up response.

Nonpersistent oils include gasoline, naphtha, kerosene and diesel whereas most crude oils and heavy refined products have varying degrees of persistence depending on their physical properties and the size of the spill.

2.05 Fate and Effects

The spilled crude oil and products such as FO (Fuel Oil), HSD (High Speed Diesel) and MS

(Motor Sprit) undergo a number of physical and chemical changes (weathering).

Section - 2


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 24

Weathering Processes: The physical and chemical changes, which spilled oil undergo are sometimes collectively known as weathering. However, the main processes are as follows: • Spreading • Evaporation • Dispersion • Emulsification • Dissolution • Oxidation • Sedimentation • Biodegradation The processes of spreading, evaporation, dispersion, emulsification and dissolution are most important during the early stages of a spill whilst oxidation, sedimentation and

biodegradation are long-term processes, which determine the ultimate fate of oil. Fig. below shows schematic diagram of weathering processes with time.

Schematic diagram of weathering processes with time

Effects of Marine Oil Spills

The extent of damage caused by an oil spill depends upon the quantity of oil spilled, type of oil involved in the spillage and the oceanographic and meteorological conditions prevailing in the location where the spill has occurred. When the oil spills in large quantities, it temporarily affects the air sea interaction, thus preventing the entry of oxygen from the atmosphere. The first set of organism affected is the primary producers like phytoplankton which is the basis of marine food chain. The other free swimming organisms such as fish larva and fish also get affected. Further when the oil sinks during the course of time, it affects the benthic organisms such as clams and mussels. The other amenities that are affected include mangrove, forest, coral reefs and several marine resources. The impact on marine life is compounded by toxicity and tainting effects resulting from the chemical composition of oil, as well as by the diversity and variability of biological systems

Section - 2


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 25

and their sensitivity to oil pollution. Following tables present effects of oil on marine population and communities and major eco system.

Community / Eco system Expected initial impact Expected recovery

Plankton Light to moderate Fast to moderate Inter tidal, sub tidal or off shore Moderate to heavy Moderate to slow

Fish Light to moderate Fast to moderate Birds Heavy Slow

Open Ocean Light Fast Channels and harbors Moderate to heavy Fast to slow Wetland, marshes and

mangroves

Heavy

Moderate to slow

Coral reefs Unknown Unknown

Section - 2


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 26

2.06 Shoreline sensitivity mapping:

VOTL is situated in proximity to MNP and MS area. A detailed shore line sensitive map depicting this is placed below:

Reference: VOTL Environment sensitivity mapping manual for all sizes / types of spills.

2.07 Special local consideration

VOTL Marine Terminal is located in Marine National Park of Gulf of Kutch; special consideration is made for handling of crude & product oil in the area.

Section - 3


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 27

3.0 Spill Response Strategy

An Oil Spill Response decision tree is given at 8.02 to let the readers of the plan have a general feel of the decision making process during oil spill response. To ensure efficiency in response initiation, a tiered response approach is adopted as given at 1.11 in line with NOSDCP and Oil Industry Safety Directorate (OISD) guidelines. Strategies to deal with different oil spill scenarios shall be developed keeping in view the following factors:

a) Most probable discharge scenarios. b) Oil spill trajectory and possible fate of oil spilled. c) Time window available after the spill and likely time of it hitting the

coastline. d) Nature of shoreline and priority for protection e) Sensitive areas etc.

Pollution Management Cell / Crisis Management Group, under the chairmanship of the Chief Operating Officer– VOTL, will be established at MTCB to manage initial response to the incident. On implementation of District / Regional plan of VOTL will continue to deploy their resources as required by the Indian Coast guard on scene Commander. VOTL equipment and manpower resources will be put at his disposal.

3.01 Philosophy and objectives

The natural events that take place following an oil spill on water include the spreading of the oil slick, its direction of movement, and its gradual weathering. The behavior of an oil slick is highly dependent on the type of oil spilled and on the ambient climatic conditions.

Physical and Chemical Properties of Oil

The term “oil” is applied to a wide variety of petroleum products ranging from crude oils to different grades of refined products. Crude oil is not a uniform substance and its properties vary widely from one location of origin to another.

Carbon and hydrogen are the most abundant elements in crude oil, accounting for more than 95% of the composition. Crude oil may also contain dissolved gases, solids, water and colloidal particles. Hydrocarbons are separated from crude oils through boiling and vapor recovery processes. The lighter hydrocarbons generally vaporize at lower temperatures. As an example, gasoline would be one of the first products distilled from a crude oil, and lubricating oils are derived from a higher temperature fraction. The majority of compounds that make up residual fuels come from the fraction left behind after most of the lighter fractions are distilled.

The spreading of an oil slick and the subsequent breakup of the oil film, as well as the rates and extent of emulsification, evaporation and biodegradation processes, are all intimately related to the physical and chemical properties of the spilled oil.

Section - 3


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 28

The physical and chemical characteristics of oil which affect its behavior on water and the efficiency of cleanup operations include density, viscosity, pour point, flash point, solubility in water, and changes in these parameters with time. Physical and chemical properties of oil are measured at a standard or constant temperature and atmospheric pressure. However, the physical properties of oil will vary depending on local environmental conditions and may vary considerably from values reported for “standard” conditions. The methods for dealing with spilled oil should be based on field observations, Site specific oil spill modeling etc.

3.02 Limiting and adverse conditions

Immediately on contacting a water surface, oil begins to move away from the spill site. It rapidly spreads to a very thin layer under the influence of physical and chemical forces. It also begins to drift under the influence of wind and currents. Each force dominates at a different time in the life of an oil slick. When oil is first spilled in water it begins to spread by gravity. As the slick gets thinner, the driving force for gravitational spreading decreases and the rate of spreading due to this mechanism is less important.

In the event of an oil spill, a rough estimate of the total volume of the spill is needed to establish equipment and personnel needs and disposal site requirements. Because early estimates of spill size are often either unavailable or of questionable accuracy, on-site estimations are generally necessary. A rough

estimate of spill volume can be attempted by considering slick size and thickness. Oil spills eventually cease to increase in area if the spill source is stopped.

3.03 Strategy for Offshore zones

The strategies for responding to Offshore Oil Spills are as follows: a) Monitor and Evaluate b) Containment & Recovery c) Dispersant Spraying

Oil Weathering Processes Oil spilled on water undergoes a progressive series of changes in physical and chemical properties which are referred to as weathering. The weathering of oil starts immediately after it has been spilled and proceeds at a rate which varies according to the type of oil involved and ambient climatic conditions. Weathering rates are not constant throughout the duration of an oil spill, and are usually highest in the first few hours. The process of weathering occurs simultaneously with the spreading and movement of an oil slick. Major processes which contribute to the weathering of oil spilled on water include evaporation, dissolution, oxidation, emulsification, and microbial degradation. In effect, weathering is the loss of certain components of the oil through a series of natural processes which begin when the spill occurs and continue indefinitely while oil remains in the environment. The lighter and more volatile components of the spilled oil are lost most rapidly. Consequently, the rate of weathering is highly dependent on the type of oil spilled;

Section - 3


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 29

light crude and fuel oils typically weather at a much faster rate than heavy crude or heavy fuel oils which contain a smaller proportion of light fractions. indefinitely while oil remains in the environment. The lighter and more volatile components of the spilled oil are lost most rapidly. Consequently, the rate of weathering is highly dependent on the type of oil spilled; light crude and fuel oils typically weather at a much faster rate than heavy crude or heavy fuel oils which contain a smaller proportion of light fractions.

Movement of Oil on Water

In large oil slicks, the waves will be partly suppressed and wave transport will be reduced. The movement of an oil slick on the surface of water is determined mainly by the current and wind velocity in the area. Current velocities depend on wind velocities, geographical latitude, eddy viscosity, position in the water column, water depth, and proximity to coasts. Surface currents are directed to the right decreasing and turning more to the right with depth.

Winds can be broadly divided into prevailing winds, which vary over time periods of weeks to seasons, and short-term winds which vary over time periods of hours to weeks. High winds are also generated infrequently by summer tropical storms and cyclones.

When wind and currents are in different directions they can interact in a complex manner to break up an oil slick into windrows. Windrows are long, narrow columns of relatively thick oil separated by wide bands of relatively oil-free water. In most mathematical models of oil slick drift, the oil is assumed to drift with the same velocity as the surface current. A floating oil slick is dragged along the water surface by wind friction whereas oil dispersed into the water column is not. When wind and current are not in the same direction, each tends to drive the slick in a different direction at a different speed.

Containment of Oil

Booms are the primary method used to contain, deflect, or exclude oil floating on the water. Booms are typically classified according to form or location of use and have the following characteristics:

A flotation unit or freeboard designed to contain or divert the oil as well as to

resist oil splashing over the top; A skirt or curtain to prevent oil from being carried beneath the boom; A longitudinal strength member (usually, cable, chain, or high tensile

strength fabric) that serves to join boom sections and provide anchoring points; and

A ballast unit or weight designed to hold the skirt perpendicular to the current flow.

Section - 3


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 30

Containment booming encircles and contains the floating oil so that it can be collected and recovered. A simple spill in calm weather and with minimal current movement can be contained by stretching a boom across a waterway perpendicular to the path of the spill. Deflection booming attempts to intercept, deflect, or shunt a slick towards a more desirable recovery site. Deflection booming is used when swift currents render containment booming ineffective.

Exclusion booming is largely a protective measure. Instead of being deployed to contain or intercept the oil slick, exclusionary boom is used to protect sensitive areas such as marshlands, water intakes, and shorelines by keeping oil out of an area. Exclusionary booming may have to be coupled with deflection booming to provide the best overall defense.

Mechanical Recovery of Oil

In offshore areas, mechanical clean-up with skimmers is usually begun immediately after containment measures have been implemented. Oil skimmers are used to recover oil from the surface of the water. Skimmers come in a variety of designs and sizes. Small skimming units can be used successfully on spills ranging from minor spills to major offshore disasters. Large skimming vessels are generally used on larger, open-water spills. They are usually self-propelled and are much more expensive to purchase and maintain than small skimming units.

In shoreline areas, clean-up efforts are not subject to the same time constraints imposed upon protection efforts. As a result, planning may be conducted with greater attention to detail, damage assessment, selection of techniques, and cost effectiveness. Shoreline cleanup, however, should be implemented as rapidly as possible to reduce the effects of oil migrating to adjacent clean shorelines.

In Situ Burning

In situ burning involves the containment of oil with fire-proof boom so it can be ignited. In order for in situ burning to be effective in most situations, the burn must take place within a few hours after the spill, or the oil will have dispersed too much to be burned successfully.

Dispersants

Dispersants are chemicals that reduce the interfacial tension between oil and water. This enables waves to break an oil slick into tiny droplets and suspend them in the water column. As a result, the oil will present less of a threat to shorelines and coastal resources. Once the oil is dispersed into the water, chemical and biological processes convert it to carbon dioxide, oxygen, salts and other materials. High sea states which prevent oil spill containment and clean-up with booms and skimmers will mix the oil and dispersant together, providing excellent conditions for dispersant effectiveness.

Section - 3


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 31

Chemical dispersants are effective in areas where environmental or logistical considerations will not allow the deployment of clean-up equipment and personnel. Dispersants are most effective if used within 24 hours after the spill occurs, and will:

Remove oil slicks from the water surface; Break the slick into tiny droplets which expedites biodegradation and

decomposition of the oil spill; Reduce the overall level of effort and manpower requirements necessary for

responding to major spills; and Prevent or reduce adverse effects on birds and mammals.

However, dispersants are not effective for oil spills in waters with low temperatures, low salinity, broken ice, or high energy. They accelerate the transfer of oil into the water column and thereby temporarily create high localized concentrations of dispersant/oil mixtures which could be toxic to some marine life.

The use of dispersants at and in the vicinity of our site is prohibited. The decision to use the dispersants rests with the ICG. Reference is made of Policy and Guidelines for use of oil spill Dispersants (OSD) in Indian Water. Section-12.04 is to be referred for Type of Dispersants.

Pollution Management Cell under the chairman ship of COO will be established at MTCB to manage the initial response to the incident.

3.04 Strategy for oil and waste storage and disposal

General Wherever possible, spilled oil should be recovered for recycling and re-use. However, any shoreline clean-up operation is likely to result in amounts of oily water far in excess of the original oil on the shoreline. The following types of waste can arise:

Recovered oil (not debris contaminated) Water in oil emulsion – untreated Water in oil emulsion – treated with dispersant Thick weathered oil – lumps Semi – solid bunker oil Oil and sand / mud mixtures Dry waste Oiled shoreline debris

Any liquid oil recovered from Local Area waters or shoreline will be transferred to the Refinery for disposal / recycling.

Temporary Storage Clean- up activities may produce quantities of oil and oily debris at a faster rate than they can be properly disposed of and temporary storage will frequently be necessary. Temporary storage area will be decided by the Head of Marine Operations after concurrence of KPT. The following table summarizes temporary

Section - 3


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 32

storage methods that can be used. Hazardous waste storage facility located at refinery to be utilized to disposed hazardous waste.

Type of Oil / Waste

Storage Facility

Comments

Liquid

Barges Suitable for initial storage Road Tankers Ideal for routing to final disposal site

Pits Must be lined with sand to protect essential heavy duty plastic liner

Bunds Cheaper than pits. Liners required Tanks Floating storage tanks and Slop tanks at Jetty of

500KL+ 40KL + 5KL capacity or similar facilities for loading and unloading of slop at Jetty and Refinery.

Liquid/Solid mixture

Pits

As above

Bunds As above Skips Versatile, robust and cheap Oil Drums Difficult to handle when full Plastic Containers

Quick deployment. Useful for inaccessible areas

Heavy Duty Plastic Bags

Ideal for manual clean up. Cheap, easy to deploy. Can create disposal problems.

Solids Hard standing Preferably sloping site with drainage

Disposal Methods

Recovery to Refinery

Reprocessing is the preferred option. In general only pure oil and possibly oil/water mixtures will be acceptable. Any recovered oil or oil / water mixture can be treated by the Refinery Landfill

All oiled materials will require to be shifted to Government approved /GPCB authorized landfill site through EOL contractor.

Stabilization

This is an expensive method but is likely to be used increasingly as landfill become further restricted.

Land Farming / Bioremediation

This can only make a limited contribution to oil spill disposal and is becoming less acceptable. However it may be suitable for small quantities of oily waste which could be land farmed within the tank farm or refinery areas.

Section - 4


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 33

Combustion

Uncontrolled combustion is unsatisfactory because of air pollution but commercial waste incinerators can dispose of limited quantities of lightly oiled waste.

4.0 Resource Mobilization: Equipment, supplies and services In the event of oil spill, Oil Spill Response equipment as mentioned at 11.04 shall be deployed.

4.01 On water oil spill equipment

Various methods for clean-up of oil spills are: use of booms, skimmers, absorbents, chemical dispersants and burning

Booms: Booms are used for oil collection, deflection, containment / concentration and protection. Boom selection for a given situation must take into account the following considerations: The circumstances under which the boom will operate, i.e. weather conditions, wave heights, open or enclosed water, current speeds etc. The availability of man power and equipment to deploy the boom. The necessity of making different types of booms, compatible to each other. Booms can be deployed either:

(i) in the event of an oil spill (ii) during the transfer operations (iii) permanent deployment

Booms should be suitable for the operation in open sea conditions, where high currents and choppy waves can be expected

Booms also should have adequate reserve buoyancy to operate under the above conditions

Booms should have longer shelf life (> 5 years). Booms should have easy handling facilities and compact storage

system. Floating barriers should have good stability, buoyancy and corrosion

resistance for the oil spill containment solution.

Skimmers: A skimmer is a mechanical device designed to recover the oil or oily water mixtures from the surface of the water, particularly where it has concentrated in thicker layers against a boom or other obstacles. The efficiency of a skimmer will depend on several parameters such as: Operators’ skill Oil thickness Oil viscosity or degree of emulsification Debris handling capability Drag in action Sea state Storage capabilities People deploying skimmers should be aware of three important points: They must be selective in their choice of skimmer type

Section - 4


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 34

No skimmer will be 100% effective Any skimmer will generally recover a mixture of oil and water.

Skimmers can be used in open seas but it is generally considered that when waves are higher than 2 meters (6 feet), the efficiency is very low. Skimmers

should be used in conjunction with containment booms to maximize recovery efficiency, because they increase slick thickness.

Absorbents Absorbents are defined as any material that recovers oil through either absorption, in which the oil penetrates into the pores of the sorbent material, or absorption, in which the oil is attracted to the sorbent surface and then adheres to it. Absorbents are generally marketed as sheets, rolls, pillows, and booms, or in particulate form. The absorbents material can consist of natural or perlite, and most commonly, synthetic products such as polyethylene, polypropylene, or polyurethane foam. Absorbents are not used as the primary method of clean up in a large spill; rather they are usually used in the final cleanup stages to remove small amounts of remaining oil, especially along the shore line. In addition, they are used to remove oil from areas inaccessible to skimmers and other recovery equipment. Perhaps the greatest use of Absorbents is the cleanup of small operational spills in facilities, such as refineries and plants. The capacity of an absorbent material depends on the amount of surface area to which the oil can adhere. Some of the absorbents are treated with oleophilic or hydrophobic agents to increase their recovery capacity. Oleophilic agents attract oil, whereas hydrophobic agents repel water.

Dispersants Chemical dispersants are used to combat oil pollution by breaking up oil slicks into very small droplets. These become suspended in the water and are rapidly diluted by the turbulent motion of the sea. Dispersion of oil into the water prevents the formation of persistent water-in-oil emulsions and residues are difficult to clean up. In dispersed form, the oil is available for degradation by microorganisms, which occur naturally in the sea.

Dispersants consist of two components: a blend of surfactants, which consists of emulsifiers and wetting agents and a solvent system, which acts as a carrier for the surfactants.

Dispersants are designed to emulsify the oil into the water column in the form of oil droplets, small enough for them to remain below the surface and reform as a slick. Natural water movement then ensures that the oil is diluted in the sea, to levels, which cause no environmental problem.

“Use of Chemical/Dispersant is Strictly prohibited unless authorized/permitted by ICG.”

Section - 4


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 35

4.02 Inspection, maintenance and testing Inspection & maintenance to be carried out as per manufacturer’s instruction.

4.03 Shoreline Equipment, supplies and Services:

Shoreline Clean-up Equipment Checklist

General provisions

Protective clothing for everybody (including boots and gloves), spare Cleaning material, rags, soap, detergents, brushes Equipment to clean clothes, machinery etc. with jets of hot water. Plastic bags (heavy duty) for collecting oily debris.

clothing

Heavy duty plastic sheets for storage areas especially temporary storage pits Spades, shovels, scrapers, buckets, rakes Ropes and lines Anchors, buoys Lamps and portable generators Whistles First Aid Material

for the lining of

Special equipment which may be used

Workboats Trucks / cars (fours wheel drive) Radio transmitter/ receivers Workshop / repair facilities Bulldozers, mechanical scrapers and similar earthmoving Equipment Vacuum trucks Tank trailers Life vests Explosive meters

Section - 5


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 36

5.0 Management, Manpower and Training

5.01 Management: Pollution Management Cell/ Crisis Management Group under the chairman ship of COO will be established at MTCB to manage the initial response to the incident. PMC/CMG shall have a team of officials manning the emergency control room. The duties allocated to each of them are outlined below. These duties are in addition to the normal duties carried out by them.

5.02 Incident Organization chart

CHAIRMAN / MD

REFINERY HEAD CEO & ED - EPL

Chief Operating

Officer -VOTL

Maint.-I/C SIC P/C ADMN.

MANAGER

DIVING

SUPERVISOR

Asst. to Maint..I/C MARINE

OFFICER

HSEF I/C DIVERS

Technician

Pump Room

Operator

DIVING

TENDER

HSEF OFF

5.03 Responsibilities and Duties of Personnel (Normal Operations)

COO – CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER The COO is responsible for entire operation of the Marine Terminal. He ensures safe, smooth, economic, and efficient operation. He is responsible for all regulatory and statutory compliance and all capital projects. His responsibilities include, but are not limited to:

Providing resources for adequate functioning of the Health, safety, Environment & Quality system.

Determining the responsibility, authority and lines of communication for and between various function heads.

Conducting management reviews & Site safety tours.

Section - 5


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 39

Communicating and acting as per OSDCP in case of any oil spillage. Implementation and Monitoring of Essar Global HSE Management System.

In the absence of the COO, Port Captain is authorized to undertake his duties.

PORT CAPTAIN

The Port Captain is responsible for:

Communicating and acting as per OSDCP in case of any oil spillage. Safety and supervision of all operations at the tanker berths, at the anchorages and at the

SPM. Ensuring all maintenance activities carried out at the jetty are as per various guidelines

and are carried out in compliance with various safety regulations. Approves safe working permits for all works and ensures no untoward incident happens at

the VOTL jetties or onboard the ship at berths or in any of the support crafts. Ensuring that all ships, which call at this terminal, have undergone above approval

process and bringing to the notice of COO any such cases where prior approval was not obtained.

Carrying out vessel inspections at random or when any vessel deficiency is brought to his attention by the other Officers.

He has the responsibility and authority to stop operation not carried out in a safe manner both on the ship at SPM and on the Jetty. He may undertake safety inspection rounds for the above purpose on board the ships at berths & SPM.

Acts as on-scene commander in the event of any emergency at the tanker berths till the arrival of the COO, and takes appropriated actions as laid down in the S.O.P.

To ensure the compliance of company’s HSE&F policy and procedures.

SIC – Shift Incharge

SIC is responsible for the overall operation during the shift,

Communicating and acting as per OSDCP in case of any oil spillage. Safety and supervision of all operations at the tanker berths, at the anchorages and at the

SPM working area. Ensuring all maintenance activities carried out at the jetty are as per various guidelines

and are carried out in compliance with various safety regulations with proper work permit. He is the issuer in safe working permit system and ensures no untoward incident occur at

the VOTL jetties or onboard of the ship at berths or in any of the support crafts. Resolving in conjunction with COT/PIT, any problems arising from operations involving the

ship or Terminal during the course of cargo transfer operations. Carrying out vessel inspections at random or when any vessel deficiency is brought to his

attention by the Marine Officers, SPM B/O or Pilots and completes the Vessel Deficiency Note.

Issuing Notes of Protest on safety issues or any delays that are not directly involved with cargo loss, cargo measurement or cargo documentation.

He has the responsibility and authority to stop operation not carried out in a safe manner both on the ship at berth and on the jetty berths. He may undertake safety inspection rounds for the above purpose on board the ship at berths.

Acts as on-scene commander in the event of any emergency at the terminal till the arrival of Port Captain or COO and takes appropriated actions as laid down in the S.O.P.

Ensuring slop evacuation from slop tanks. To ensure the compliance of company’s HSE&F policy and procedures.

Section - 5


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 40

MARINE OFFICER AS A BOARDING OFFICER

The Boarding Officer is responsible for:

Communicating and acting as per OSDCP in case of any oil spillage. Ensuring that all pre-berthing checks were carried out and found satisfactory. Ensuring smooth mooring / unmooring operation at berth. He shall ensure that all

contractor – supplied crew are conversant with the operations to be performed by conducting toolbox talks prior to the operation.

He shall effect the connection of loading arms with the help of technicians to the ship at berth ensuring the operating envelope is within the safe parameters.

He shall take safety rounds onboard the ship at berths at regular frequency, any case not more than 4 hrs from the last recorded round, fill in the “Ship Shore Safety Checklist” as per guidelines given in the ISGOTT. Any non – compliance on the part of the ship shall be brought to the notice of the SIC immediately.

He shall ensure that the berths are manned and all critical parameters are monitored. He acts as the Field Officer of the work permits and ensures that the work is carried out as

per risk assessment sheet. Ullaging, Calculation and preparation of documents as per operation book and ensuring

that the ship is complying with the cargo / ballast / C.O.W Plan. Ensuring that all equipments on the berths are operational at all the times as per laid down

procedures. Non conformance to be reported to SIC. Ensuring good housekeeping at Jetty and Other Operational Area. Any other duties specified by the Superiors. To ensure the compliance of company’s HSE&F policy and procedures.

Diving Supervisor

Planning and execution of Safe diving operation in compliance with relevant sections of US Navy dive manual.

Record keeping of all the maintenance activities and operational activities. Spare planning and indent for the same with the help of admin officer to be carried out for

O & M of SPM. SPM to be kept ready for safe and effective mooring and operations of tanker calling our

SPM. Routine inspection before/after operation and record keeping of the same. Any shut down or special task activities as directed by COO/Maintenance IC. Co-ordination with onboard boarding officer for any operational requirement. Standby duty during operation for meets the any emergency arising during operation. Any job/responsibility given by PC/COO/Maintenance Incharge. Ensure safety of his team at all times and Compliance of company’s HSE&F

policy/procedures. Effective operation and maintenance of diving equipment. Ensure that the hoses are effectively tendered in absence of tanker.

Section - 5


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 41

5.04 ACTION SHEETS INCLUDING DUTIES / RESPONSBILITIES DURING EMERGENCY FOR CRISIS MANAGEMENT GROUP

The following section contains action sheets and checklists for various members of the Pollution Management Cell (PMC) / Crisis Management Group (CMG). The action sheets follow a methodical checklist style, in order to guide the post holders through the actions that they will be expected to take and the sheets also list the post holders’ responsibilities.

Action sheets are included for the following positions:

1. Chief Operating Officer or Port Captain

2. Shift In-charge

3. Marine Officer/SPM boarding officer

4. SPM Pilot

Incident Organization Chart:

CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER / PORT CAPTAIN

Responsibilities

Liaise with Mutual Aid Organizations. Liaise with corporate communication for press statements

release. Follow crisis communication plan Liaise with Coast Guard Monitor as appropriate Confirm / amend initial classification Manage the VOTL response Authorize expenditure

Step

Action Additional

Information

Alert Indian Coast Guard, Mutual Aid Partners, OISD and other External organizations.

Initial Actions

Initiate establishment of Base Control Room

Confirm external organizations/Mutual Aid partners have been alerted

Convene Pollution Management Cell

Authorize mobilization of contract labour for shoreline clean-up if appropriate

Liaise with Vessel’s Agents / Owners as appropriate.

Verify / amend spill classification

Predict slick movement

Section - 5


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 42

Further Actions

Constantly review the strategy being employed and advise of changes where necessary

Brief Head of Refinery, liaise and get advice from experts – environmental and technical

Confirm formal samples have been taken.

Advise Coast Guard Monitor if Oil migrates outside of Local Area

Chair the Pollution Management Cell team meetings

Approval all expenditure commitments

Attend all press conferences as required

Agree press statements with Corporate

Communication. Follow crisis communication plan.

Responsible for arranging basic facilities like drinking water/lights/medical help and security etc

Coast Guard Monitor of Kandla Port Trust will assume function of OSC

Final Actions

Termination of Operations

Hold full debrief involving all members

Review contingency plan as required.

Collate personal logs

Prepare formal detailed report

Note: Port captain will take the charge till the Chief Operating Officer arrives, after that he will assist the Chief Operating Officer.

Section - 5


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 43

Incident organization chart:

SHIFT IN-CHARGE

Responsibilities

Initially assess situation and initiate action Verify classification Provide accurate situation reports to Chief Operating

Officer/Port Capt. Collect evidence and / or statements Liaise with Head HSE&F (as applicable) Liaise with incident vessel regarding status of oil spill (if

applicable)

Step

Action Additional

Information

Alert PMC Team / Internal / Port Authorities

Initial Actions

Proceed to incident location, assume role of On-Scene Coordinator.

Investigate cause / source of spill

Communicate all information to the Chief Operating Officer/Port Capt.

Ensure samples of spilled oil taken

Initiate personal log

Take photographic evidence

Collect evidence and take statements

Further Actions

Upon instructions, ensure resources are being deployed as required.

Provide co-ordination of the at-sea response

Control of Operations

Direct any dispersant spraying operations

Provide detailed situation reports to Chief Operating Officer/Port Capt.

Survey the shoreline

Liaise with Head-Environment

Liaise with Head-Fire (if appropriate)

Final Actions

Submit personal log to Chief Operating Officer/Port Capt. and attend debrief meeting.

Storage and disposal of oily waste

Section - 5


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 44


MARINE OFFICER / BOARDING OFFICER

Responsibilities

Observe or receive report of oil spill incident Initiate measures to prevent/reduce further spillage Maintain communication with all other vessels Act as per instruction of SIC

Step

Action

Additional Information

Alert Shift Incharge Tugs and other support/response craft

VHF Channel 67/12

Initial Actions

Stop all cargo operations at Jetties &

SPM. Also stop all the operations at

sea water intake.

Verify incident details

Report all relevant information to

Shift Incharge and SPM Pilot


Place tugs/other response craft on

stand-by

Further Actions

Mobilize response equipment /

personnel as directed by Shift

Incharge

Deployment of Equipments

Brief Shift Incharge and SPM Pilot

as necessary

Maintain personal log of

communications and events

Act as instructed by Shift Incharge / SPM Pilot

Final Actions

Submit personal log to Chief Operating Officer/Port Capt. and attend debrief meeting.

Section - 5


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 45


DIVING SUPERVISOR

Responsibilities

Observe and Initiate action upon information Provide accurate situation reports to PMC/CMG Assist in Collecting evidence and / or statements Liaise with incident vessel regarding status of oil spill (if

applicable)

Step

Action Additional

Information

Alert PMC Team, Divers and Tenders

Initial Actions

Proceed to incident location.


Place tugs / other response craft on stand-by.

Immediately Act to contain spill.

Communicate all information to the PMC/CMG

Further Actions

Deploy resources as required

Co-ordinate the at-sea response with SIC

Direct Personnel for containment operation.

Supervise if any dispersant spraying operations

Provide detailed situation reports to SIC

Final Actions Submit personal log to SIC and attend

debrief meeting.

Section - 5


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 46


SPM PILOT

Responsibilities

Raise alarm Inform Vadinar Port Control Inform MTCB / PC

Step

Action Additional

Information

Alert MTCB / Shift Incharge Tugs and other support/response craft

VHF Channel 67/12

Initial Actions

Raise alarm Inform Essar Terminal

Further Actions Call for emergency un mooring stations, if required.

Final Actions If required, to take the vessel safely well clear of the pollution site.

5.05 Manpower availability (On Site)

Terminal Area is manned on 24 hours basis, manpower is available at site to Meet any exigency.

5.06 Availability of additional Manpower (On Call)

Additional labor/manpower is available on call through contractors

5.07 Advisors and consultants

The following Authorities and Organization have been consulted during the preparation of this plan:

Indian Coast Guard National Institute of Oceanography Environ Software Private Limited (Oil Spill Risk assessment study for

marine facilities of Essar Oil Limited at Vadinar). Engineers India Limited (Risk Analysis and Disaster Management Plan for

Integrated Marine Facilities at Vadinar) Oil Industry Safety Directorate (OISD) has decided that all the Ports and Oil companies should create Tier 1 facilities to combat the oil spill. In this context, EOL

Section - 5


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 47

requested Environ Software (P) Ltd, Bangalore, to carry out Oil spill risk assessment for marine facilities of Essar Oil Limited, at Vadinar coast, Jamnagar.

Based on the oil spill strategy plan and recommendations given by EVIRON, for maintenance and combating oil spills, VOTL has established Tier-1 facilities.

This report presents the methodology and results of an assessment of the risk of a significant oil spill occurring at Essar SPM, channel route, along pipeline corridor and at product jetty in the Gulf of Kutch. The assessment has considered low to moderate frequency with low to moderate impact events, i.e. Tier-I spills.

5.08 Training:

Oil Spill Response Requires Specialist Training which should be developed at all levels of the response. Also the Management of an oil spill incident is a major task and has a crucial bearing on the outcome of an oil spill response, issues such as the control of crisis situations, political interest, media pressure, public environmental awareness and legal and financial implications can add substantial burdens to the oil spill response team and must be effectively handled if the overall response has to be successful. Effective Training hence becomes crucial for the response team in order to handle the situation aptly and correctly. There is no denying the fact that oil spill combating in any capacity is a rare event for most people and therefore, it is important to keep in touch with skills and knowledge gained as a part of ongoing personnel Training. This too, will help in ensuring that all those involved in the response operation understand each other’s role in an oil spill incident.

VOTL is committed to provide Training to all its personnel for Oil spill Preparedness, Response and cooperation. All VOTL personnel who have a role/responsibility in oil spill response activity and emergency management shall be trained appropriate to their roles/responsibility. VOTL endeavors to train all its personnel in IMO Level 1 training conducted by ICG. At present Organization has 41 employees trained in IMO Level 1 Oil spill response and 2 employees trained in IMO Level 2 Oil spill response.

5.9 Drills/Exercises:

It is VOTL intention to hold an Oil Spill Response Drills/Exercises in-house and/or involving Mutual Aid partners once in each Quarter.

Exercise and drills may involve any or a combination of the following:

(i) Oil spill Disaster Contingency Plan (ii) Mock exercise activating oil spill response (iii) Equipment and personnel mobilization and deployment (iv) Joint exercise with other companies. (v) Full-scale incident management exercise.

Section - 6


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 48

6.0 Communications and control

6.01 Incident control room and facilities

Communications plan Communications between the MTCB, COT and PIT Control Room and Marine personnel during the response to any oil spill within the local area will be primarily by VHF private channel radio.

VHF Radio Private Channel

Communications between the MTCB and other vessels will be established on VHF radio Channel 67/12.

Use of cellular telephones is to be kept to minimum. Cellular phones are NOT to be used in the vicinity of spill.

Public Affairs Plan

Media Release Procedure

Media Alerted

OIL

Spill

Confirm ESSAR Chairman

Advised

Obtain the facts; What, Why, When, Where, How

Head Of Refinery

Monitor & record the coverage of media on TV, radio, newspapers Internet.

Head Corporate

Communication

Complete the Media Holding Statement

Ensure Media Statement Agreed by Chief Operating Officer -

VOTL

Chief Operating

Officer -VOTL

Section - 6


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 49

6.02 Field communications equipment

At pollution site, only intrinsically safe portable radio on VHF Channel 67/12 and intrinsically safe mobile will be used for communications

6.03 Reports, manuals, maps, charts and incident logs

For Reports use formats described in section-7

Map of Local Area Chart No. Also Refer Section 1.10 & 2.05

Refer Detailed Sensitivity Mapping

Also refer the logs maintain by MTCB & Individuals log if any.

Section - 7


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 50

Part- II: ACTIONS AND OPERATIONS

Section - 7


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 51

ACTIONS AND OPERATIONS

7.01 Reporting incident , preliminary estimate of response Tier

DISCOVERY: A marine oil spill is usually discovered in one of several ways: A report is made by the person in charge of the vessel or facility involved in

the spill; A report is made by a member of the public; or The spill is observed by the nodal agency personnel during routine patrols

or inspections.

PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT

The OSC along with ICG Coordinator will make a preliminary assessment of the incident by contacting the person reporting the spill, governmental officials, and the responsible party.

Evaluating the magnitude and impact of the discharge or threat of discharge

on the public health, welfare, and the environment; Determining in which jurisdiction the incident occurred; Determining or confirming the responsible party; Determining or confirming the source of the spill; Determining whether the spill has been stopped or is ongoing, and if

ongoing, how quickly it can be controlled; Assessing the need for state assistance; and Assessing the feasibility of removal and determining the equipment needed

to remove the oil.

CONTAINMENT AND CONTROL

Clean-up actions must begin as soon as possible to minimize the effect on natural and other resources. These actions shall include locating the source of the discharge and preventing any further spillage, placement of containment boom to control the spread of oil and to protect sensitive areas, measuring and sampling, physical removal of the oil from water and land, the use of chemicals to herd or disperse the oil, and in situ burning.

The official coordinating response to the spill must address many questions, including:

How large an area will the spill cover? How thick will the slick be? How fast and in what direction will the slick drift? When and where will the oil hit the shoreline? What will happen to the oil if it is not removed? What is the value and sensitivity of the resources at risk?

The answers to these questions will determine what response actions are taken.

Section - 7


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 52

Sr No.

DESCRIPTION STD

CODE

TELEPHONE NO.

FAX NO. OFFICE Mobile

1

Head HSEF, Refinery

02833

662013 909906

7120

662929

2

Coast Guard Station, Vadinar

02833 256560 256579

256560

3

KPT CONTROL TOWER, VADINAR

02833

256555 982521

2359

256296

4 MUNICIPAL FIRE Station, Jamnagar

0288

2672208 990901

1502

5 Marine Police, Station, Vadinar. 02833 256541 256541

6 DISTRICT COLLECTOR, JAMNAGAR

0288 2555869 2554059

2555899

7 GPCB, GANDHINAGAR 079 23237311 23232156

8

Kandla Port Trust

02836 233585, 270201

9 Gujarat Maritime Board (GMB) 0288 2712516

10 Ministry of Environment, Gujarat 079 23251062

11 Principle Chief Conservator of Forest, GANDHINAGAR

079 23253903 23254123

23229917

12 Oil Industry Safety Directorate (OISD),New Delhi

011

2593800

2593802

13 Director General of Hydrocarbon (DGH),Noida

0120

4029401

4029403

REPORTING PROCEDURE (CRZ CLERANCE, GENERAL CONDITION, SECTION 4)

This section sets out the reporting procedures, which should be followed in the event that an oil spill occurs within the Marine Terminal Area (Jetty & Off shore).

The extent of the notification of external organizations and authorities has been prescribed by the coast guard. Responsibility for external notification and the provision of information to the Coast Guard to allow completion of POLREP rest with the Chief Operating Officer-VOTL

The appendices to this section contain an initial oil spill report form, details of the POLREP information required by the coast guard, the POLREP Message Format and oil Spill Progress report form. The POLREP message format is included for information only; the full message is generated by the Coast Guard and not by VOTL personal.

Notification matrix The matrix gives the primary telephone contact number; alternative telephone and facsimile numbers are included in 11.05

Section - 7


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 53

7.02 Notifying Key team members and authorities Please refer to Public Affairs Plan, as shown in section 6.01

7.03 Establishing and staffing control room

MTCB will be the control room, unless otherwise location nominated by the Chief Operating Officer/Port Capt.

7.04 Collecting information

1. Samples to be collected from various points, clearly marked and sealed. Samples to be stored for further investigations, as required. The following equipment shall be held for the purpose of storing samples

a) At least 6 sampling bottles, b) One seal tag for each sampling bottle

2. Prognosis and Synopsis weather reports 3. Any other relevant matter

Section - 7


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 54

Person

Title

Company

Telephone number

Fax number

Date of Spill

Time of Spill

Spill location

Type and quantity of Oil

Cause of Spill

Response to Spillage (if any)

Any other information

APPENDIX 1

INITIAL OIL SPILL REPORT FORM Particulars of person / Organization reporting incident

Signed By

Terminal Manager

Section - 7


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 55

APPENDIX 2

POLREP INFORMATION

The following information must be provided to the coast guard as and the facts when becomes available. The information is required to generate POLREP reports to government through the coast guard.

1. Identity of informant 2. Time of information receipt 3. Source of spill 4. Probable Cause of spill 5. Type of oil 6. Color code information 7. Configuration 8. Radius 9. Tail 10. Volume 11. Quantity 12. Weathered or fresh 13. Density 14. Viscosity 15. Wind 16. Wave height 17. Current 18. Layer thickness 19. Ambient air temperature 20. Ambient sea temperature 21. Predicted slick movement 22. Confirm classification of spill size

Section - 7


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 56

APPENDIX 3

POLREP MESSAGES FORMAT

Address Date

From To

Identification Time Group

Serial Number

Part i

1.

Date and time

2. Position

(POLWARN) 3. Incident

4 Outflow

5. Acknowledge

Part ii (POLINF) 40 Date and Time 4. Position

5. Characteristic of Pollution 6. Source and cause of pollution 7. Wind direction and speed 8. Current or tide 9. Sea state and visibility 10. Drift of pollution 11. Forecast 12. Identity of observer and ships on scene 13. Action taken 14. Photographs or samples 15. Name of other agencies informed

53-59 Spare 60 Acknowledge

Part iii (POLFAC) 80 Date and time 81 Request for assistance 82 Cost 83 Pre-arrangements for the delivery 84 Assistance to where and how 85 Other agencies requested 86 Change of command 87 Exchange of information 88 Names and number of personnel 89 Description of equipment 90 ETA and arrival information 91 Place of embarkation 92 Place of disembarkation 93-98 Spare

Acknowledge

Section - 7


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 57

APPENDIX 4

OIL SPILL PROGRESS REPORT

OIL SPILL PROGRESS REPORT

Incident Name:

Updated by:

Date: Time (local):

Summary of Incident Response Operations:

Summary of Incident Response Resource Utilization:

Number of Aircraft: Number of Vessels:

Dispersant Use: Liters Length of Boom in use m

Number of recovery devices: Number of storage devices

Sorbent used: Kg Bioremediation Used

Number of personnel: Number of Vehicles:

Specialist Equipment:

Oil Spill Balance Sheet:

Total amount of oil spilled Tonnes

Total amount of oil recovered: Tonnes

Outstanding amount of spilled oil: Tonnes

Mass balance: Estimated natural weathering: Tonnes

Mechanically agitated: Tonnes

Chemically dispersed: Tonnes

Skimmer recovered: Tonnes

Sorbent recovered: Tonnes

Manually recovered: Tonnes

Bioremediated: Tonnes

Other…… Tonnes

Section - 7


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 58

7.05 Estimating fate of slick

Please refer to the picture below and apply the prevailing factors deduced from the weather repots.

Section - 7


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 59

Estimating fate of slick

Oil trajectories at the end of 2 hour and 24 hours for scenario I: No wind

condition:

Section - 7


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 61

Oil trajectories at the end of 2 hour and 24 hours for scenario II: 5m/s wind from 240

degree N

Section - 7


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 62

+

l trajectories at the end of 2 hour and 24 hours for scenario III: m/s wind from 330

degree N

Section - 8


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 63

8.0 Operations planning and mobilization procedures

8.01 Assembling full response team

Kindly refer to section 1.08

Identifying immediate response priorities:

Emergency Response Team, with the help of oil slick movement simulation data and prevailing weather condition, would priorities which area to be protected first.

By selecting the appropriate strategy, the user can derive an indicative strategy path to mitigate the effects of an oil spill, consistent with safe practice and net environmental benefit.

The guidelines refer to the site environmental sensitivity Map, information and the Priority Protection Areas listed in Section 1.10 & 2.06.

CONTAINMENT AND CONTROL

Clean-up actions must begin as soon as possible to minimize the effect on natural and other resources. These actions shall include locating the source of the discharge and preventing any further spillage, placement of containment boom to control the spread of oil and to protect sensitive areas, measuring and sampling, physical removal of the oil from water and land, the use of chemicals to herd or disperse the oil, and in situ burning.

The official coordinating response to the spill must address many questions, including:

How large an area will the spill cover? How thick will the slick be? How fast and in what direction will the slick drift? When and where will the oil hit the shoreline? What will happen to the oil if it is not removed? What is the value and sensitivity of the resources at risk?

The answers to these questions will determine what response actions are taken.

Use of dispersants

Dispersants shall be used as per the Indian Coast Guard policy and Guidelines for use of Oil Spill Dispersants (OSD) in Indian waters.

The OSC must obtain clearance from the Indian Coast Guard / Port Authority before applying chemical dispersants especially in areas where the depth of water is less than 20 meters.

Section - 8


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 64

8.02 Identifying immediate report and mobilization immediate response. Light/Crude Oil Response Guidelines

Oil

Spill

Oil Spill

Can the Oil be

Contained ???

Yes No

Is it Safe ?

Advice

Coast Guard

Y N

Recover Using

Mech

Skimmers/Adsorb

Booms

Consult

Head HSEF

Deploy

Booms

Is Oil a threat to

the Shore Line ? N

Monitor and

evaluate Y

Track the leading

edge

Consult Head

Environment Is Dispersant Use

Approved?

Y

Y

Is there Sufficient

Mixing Energy

Y Apply Dispersant to

the leading edge

Estimate Landfall

Position

Condition Permitting,

Contain & Recover

Prepare for

Shoreline Cleanup

Install/augment

deflection booms

Identify Potential

Sacrificial areas

Deploy LW mark

absorbent booms

N

Is a High value

Resource under

threat :

Mangroves,

Corals,…

Section - 8


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 65

8.03 Preparing initial press statement

Media Holding Statement (Tier 1 incident)

Timed at: …………hrs ………….day ………… Date

At ………….hrs on …………day ………… Date

An oil spill current at (location) ………………… The estimated quantity of oil (state type) spilled is………liters/tones or The quantity of oil (state type) spilled is not yet known. VOTL has initiated spill response measures and is investigating the cause. The Indian Coast Guard and all other concerned authorities have been informed.

NEXT PRESS STATEMENTS AT ……………..HRS IST

Media Statement

Incident Name:

Date Prepared: Time Prepared: Operational period: Start: Finish:

Message

Contact For Further Information: Approved by: Date:

Section - 8


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 66

8.04 Planning medium term operation

Medium term operations would depend upon the size of oil spill occurred and as per the OSDCP and Mutual Aid Agreements.

8.05 Deciding to escalate response to higher Tier

If oil spill is larger magnitude and is beyond spill combating capabilities of VOTL , in such case Chief Operating Officer in consent with senior management , will inform Indian Coast Guard accordingly and shall provide all assistance required by ICG

8.06 Mobilizing or placing on standby resources required

To be decided by the on scene commander and Chief Operating Officer considering the control on spillage, mitigation progress and weather forecast.

8.07 Establishing field command post and communication

To be decided by Chief Operating Officer-VOTL.

Section - 9


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 67

Control of Operations

9.01 Establishing management team with experts and advisors

Please refer to Section 1.08, 5.02, 5.03, 5.04 and 5.05 for details

9.02 Updating information

Kindly refer to section 7.01 appendix 4

9.03 Reviewing and planning operations Concurrent activity between Chief Operating Officer, Port Capt., Shift Incharge, PMC & OSC.

9.04 Obtaining additional equipment , supplies and manpower

Based on conclusions of 9.03

9.05 Preparing daily incident log and management reports As indicated in OSDCP.

9.06 Preparing operations accounting and financing reports

NA

9.07 Preparing releases for public and press conferences

Kindly refer to section 6.01 & 8.03.

9.08 Briefing local and government officials

Kindly refer to section 7

Section - 10


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 69

10.0 Termination of Operations

10.01 Deciding final & optimal levels of shore-line clean up

As deducted by section 9.03 and on advise of Nodal agencies.

10.02 Standing-down equipment, cleaning, maintaining, replacing On the termination of operation keep all the equipments on standby mode till the clearance from nodal agency. On clearance for termination of operations, clean the equipments, replace the consumables & maintain in ready to use condition.

10.03 Preparing formal detailed report

Detailed report for the incident will be prepared by Chief Operating Officer-VOTL as per prescribed format. 10.04 INVESTIGATION

Every oil pollution incidence is followed by investigation both by the Company as well as Nodal agencies In order to assist such investigations complete and accurate records, as specified below, shall be maintained,

a) Certificates and records of equipment issued by regulatory authorities,

b) Log Book showing weather and details of the incidents, c) Chronological record of loading / discharging bunkering including

agreed plans of such loading / discharging / bunkering, d) Brief report on spill including: e) i ) Time,

ii) Location, iii) Cause and iv) Type of oil.

f) Samples of spilled oil shall be taken as per procedures described g) Estimate of amount spilled and the process of such estimation, h) Copies of notification & update reports, i) Record relating to direction and rate of spread, j) Weather reports and recorded weather in log book and k) Where possible photographic evidence shall also be collected. Such

photographic records shall be identified with date, time and location. Where any original evidence is demanded by Nodal Authorities, photocopies of such evidence be retained and the concerned authority shall requested to certify the same as true copy of the original.

10.05 Reviewing plans and procedures from lessons learnt Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan will be reviewed annually or whenever required by Nodal agency & necessary amendments will be incorporated, thereby submitting to Indian Coast Guard for necessary vetting /approvals

Section - 11


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 69

11.01 HEALTH AND SAFETY PLAN

Introduction

Full account must be taken of the health and safety requirements for all personnel involved in oil spill response activities. The site Specific Health and safety Plan Assessment Form (section 11) list site characteristics, site hazards and personnel protective equipment and site facility needs. This plan is intended to act as an aide –memoir to ensure that all applicable health and safety requirements are considered and appropriate action are taken.

The applicable requirements noted in the Company’s HSEF Procedures must also be observed.

Following Section gives guidance on specific oil spill clean-up tasks and hazards.

Section - 11


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 70

Site Specific and Safety Plan

Assessment Form

1. APPLIES TO SITE:

2. DATE: 3.TIME: 4. INCIDENT:

5. PRODUCT (S) (Attach MSDS)

6. Site Characterisation:

6a. Area Open water Inshore water

River / Creek

Salt marsh Mudflats

Shoreline Sand Shingle Intake well

6b. Use Commercial Industrial Public Government Recreational

Residential Other

7. Site Hazards:

Boat safety Fire, explosion, in-situ burn Slip, trips and falls

Chemical hazards Heat stress Steam and hot water

Drum handling Helicopter operations Tides

Equipment operations

Lifting Trenches, excavations

Electrical hazards Motor vehicles Visibility

Fatigue Noise Weather

Others Overhead/buried utilities Work near water

Pump and hoses

8. Air Monitoring:

O2 LEL Benzene H2S Other

9. Personal Protective Equipment:

Foot Protection Coveralls

Head Protection Impervious suits

Eye Protection Personal Floatation

Ear Protection Respirators

Hand Protection Other

10. Site Facilities:

Sanitation First Aid Decontamination

11. Contact details:

Doctor Phone

Hospital Phone

Fire Phone

Police Phone

Other

12.Date of Plan Completed

Section - 11


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 71

SITE HAZARDS

Bird Handling Handling or birds must be undertaken by properly trained personnel to ensure the protection of both bird and handler; wild birds have no way of understanding human intentions. Even a greatly

weakened bird can inflict serious injury to handlers, especially to their eyes. Open wounds on

hands and arms from such injuries can present opportunities for oily contaminants and disease to

enter the handler’s blood stream.

Handling of oiled birds is usually best left to experts, or to volunteers who have received some

training. Chasing and man handling birds puts them under additional stress.

Equipment: Thick gloves (able to withstand nasty pecks) Overalls

Safety footwear

Cardboard Box with lid of a suitable size to give the bird some room for movement

Goggles to protect eyes

Optional long – handled net to help catch bird

Procedures: Do not let the bird get close to your head, as it may try to peck your eyes. Catch the bird by hand or with the aid of a long-handled net. Do not put the birds under any

more stress than necessary. Only attempt capture if it can be done quickly and efficiently.

Hold the bird with both hands to held the wings in.

Put the bird in a cardboard box lined with absorbent material (e.g. newspaper), with a lid.

Do not wrap the bird up in anything it may get too hot and too stressed.

Take the bird to a cleaning station as soon as possible. Let them know where and when the

bird was caught.

Keep a note of all birds caught and sent to cleaning station. Make a note of species if

possible.

Boat Safety Boat operators must familiarize themselves and passengers with safety features and

equipment on their boats.

Boats must be operated by qualified individuals.

Lifejackets must be worn by personnel on boats.

Use of cold-water immersion suits is particularly critical under conditions of cold stress.

Boats should generally not be used after sunset for oil recovery. If this is required or poses

minimal risk, areas of operation should be carefully prescribed, and individual boat operators should maintain a communication schedule with a shore base. Each boat should be fully equipped with appropriate navigation lights.

Distress signals should be carried on all vessels. Boat operators must keep their supervisors informed of their area of operation,

especially when they change their work area (if plans call for a boat to move to another location during a shift, the operator should advise the supervisor of his actual time of departure)

Portable fuel tanks should be filled outside of the boat. All sources of ignition in the area of refueling should be isolated.

Section - 11


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 72

Personnel working in or operating boats should wear appropriate non-slip footwear.

Fixed ladders or other substantial access/egress should be provided at boat transfer locations from low water line to platform.

Workers should be cautioned about using their arms or legs to fend off during berthing or getting their hands, arms, or legs between vessels and docks or fixed structures.

Chemical Hazards

Attach appropriate Material Safety Data Sheets for all hazardous substances likely to be used at a spill site.

Cold Stress

Cold stress can occur among responders as a result of prolonged exposure to low environmental air temperatures or from immersion in low temperature water. It can lead to a number of adverse effects including frostbite, chilblain and hypothermia. This single most important aspect of life-threatening hypothermia is the fall in the deep core temperature of the body.

Drum Handling / Manual Handling

Drum handing at a spill site will primarily involve drums of waste and contaminated clothing. Several types of drums and containers may be used ranging from 25 to 200 liters in size. All drums and containers must be properly labeled. If in doubt as to the contents of a drum – seek advice.

Manual lifting and moving of drums should be kept to a minimum. A guide to manual handling is as allows: Wear gloves. Assess the weight of the load and get help if it is beyond your capability.

Where appropriate, use mechanical aids provided. Size up the job – remove any obstructions; note any snags and make sure

there is a clear space where the load has to be set down. Ensure that you can see over the load when carrying it.

Look out for any splinters, projecting nails or sharp edges or wire.

Stand close to the object and with your feet 20 to 30 c apart, place one foot in advance of the other, pointing in the direction you intend to move.

Bend your knees to a crouch position, keeping your back straight.

Get a firm grip at opposite corners of the load with the palm of the hand and the roots of the fingers, arms as close to the body as possible.

Lift with your thing muscles by looking up and straightening your legs. Bend your knees to a crouch position, keeping your back straight. Get a firm grip at opposite corners of the load with the palm of the hand and

the roots of the fingers, arms as close to the body as possible. Lift with your thigh muscles by looking up and straightening your legs.

Section - 11


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 73

Use the reverse procedure when setting down the load. Equipment Operations

Heavy Equipment

Operators of heavy equipment, such as front end loaders, graders, bulldozers must be trained and qualified in their safe operation. The operator and his assistant must be familiar with agreed signaling techniques.

Forklifts

Only trained and authorized operators shall be allowed to operate forklifts. Only stable or safely arranged loads that do not exceed the capacity of the truck shall be handled. Operators are expected to carry out daily checks of the forklift trucks in use. All inspection defects are to be corrected prior its operation.

Electrical Hazards

Electrical hazards shell be identified and marked with suitable placards, barricades, or warning taps necessary.

Fatigue

Working long hours without rest may be required, especially during the early phase of response. This, coupled with the stress of the situation and wearing required PPE, can contribute to fatigue. Symptoms include loss of concentration, errors in judgment, irritability, sleepiness, soreness and stiffness in joints and muscles. Rest and sleep are the primary treatments for fatigue. Stress can be addressed by relaxation techniques, such as deep breathing, stretching and taking breaks.

Fire, Explosion and in-Situ Burning

Flammable and combustible materials may be encountered at the spill site. These may be fuels for vehicles and equipment of the spilled material itself. However other chemicals may be used during the response. Refer to the container label and MSDS for more information on these materials. Precautions should be taken when working with either flammables or combustibles: No smoking Store in approved labeled containers Inhalation of airborne burn products: these may include toxic and irritating

substances such as smoke particles, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulphur oxides, nitrogen dioxide, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, acid aerosols, aldehydes, acrolein, polynucleic aromatic hydrocarbons, volatile organic hydrocarbons. Safety factors include the status of the spill; weather and sea conditions; distance of intended burn location to the spill source; type and condition of

Section - 11


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 74

oil; proximity of ignitable vegetation, docks and other facilities; and control measures.

A detailed burn plan should be prepared. This should include a summary of safety and control measures. Care must be taken to protect all personnel from any harmful exposure to heat and or combustion products.

Heat Stress

Heat stress can result as responders perform heavy labour work in protective and/or impermeable clothing that does not breathe or allow for the normal dissipation of body heat. Heat build up can lead to a number of adverse health effects including heat rash, heat cramps, dehydration, heat exhaustion or heat stroke.

The incidence of heat stress is dependent on a number of factors such as temperature, humidity, a person’s fitness, age weight and clothing worn. Therefore supervisors should continually monitor their employees when workloads are heavy and temperatures and/or humidity are high (See figure below for guidance).

Fluids shall be available at all times and personnel will be encouraged to drink these during rest periods. Shaded rest areas will be made available where feasible.

HEAT INDEX AIR TEMPERATURE CELSIUS

Relative Humidity

21º 24º 26º 30º 32º 35º 38º 40º 44º 46º

20%

40%

60%

80%

19º

20º

21º

22º

22º

24º

25º

26º

25º

26º

28º

30º

28º

30º

32º

36º

31º 34º

38º

*45º

34º

39º

*46º

**58º

37º

*44º

**56º

41º

*51º

**65

45º

**58º

49º

**66º

Heat cramps or exhaustion likely. Heat stroke possible.

** Heat – stroke highly likely.

Helicopter Operations

Helicopters may be use at the spill site for over flight surveillance; site organization; personnel/equipment transport; and rescue/medical transport. Safe working practices for passengers and other personnel include: Passengers must receive a safety briefing from the pilot prior to takeoff. The

briefing shall include: safety features and equipment location on the aircraft;

Section - 11


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 75

helicopter underwater escape procedures when appropriate; and emergency information.

Passengers and ground crew should approach/depart from the FRONT of the helicopter only when signaled by the pilot and shall never walk under or around the tail rotor or exhaust.

Loose fitting clothing, hats or other gear which might be caught in the rotor down draught, must be secured or removed within 100 feet of operating helicopters.

Passengers shall wear seat belts all times and personal flotation devices when flying over water.

Passengers and ground crew shall wear hearing protection (which may include communication headsets) at all times around operating helicopters.

During emergency landing on water: Do not exit until instructed to do so by the pilot after rotor blades stop

turning or pilot signals all clear. Do not inflate personal flotation devices until outside of the helicopter.

Lifting

Cranes must be operated in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions and established construction practices. Only trained and authorized operators shall be allowed to operate cranes. Outriggers must be fully extended to assure maximum stability of the equipment. Cranes must only be operated where the ground provides adequate support.

Rigging components must be inspected daily. Only certified wire rope slings or web stops shall be used. Each sling or strop must be clearly marked or tagged with its rated capacity and must not be used in excess of this rating. Personnel should not be allowed under the jib or load except for the minimum time necessary to hook or unhook the load.

Motor Vehicles

Drivers shall maintain a safe speed at al times, and shall not be allowed to operate vehicles in a reckless manner.

Noise

Appropriate hearing protection shall be used in designated high noise areas where personnel noise exposure exceed 85 dba, time weighted average over an 8-hour work shift.

Overhead and Buried Utilities If work has to be carried out near overhead lines, consultation with the organization that operates the supply system should be undertaken. A safe working distance form these overhead lines should be determined and the area cordoned off. The estimated location of buried utilities such as sewer, telephone, fuel, electric or water should be predetermined before work begins. Utility companies or owners

Section - 11


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 76

must be contacted, advised of the proposed work and informed of the urgency of the situation.

Pumps and Hoses

Pumps and hoses may be used at the spill site to apply water, steam or chemical for clean up and/or decontamination. They may also be used for transfer of liquid waste. Caution should be used when working in these areas where hoses are being used as they represent a tripping hazard. Additionally when using pumps and hoses determine their last contents to avoid unnecessary contamination.

Slips, Trips and fall

Slips, trips and falls on oily surfaces are the major cause of injuries at an oil spill site. Many of these injuries occur in the first few minutes of work before workers realize the conditions and begin to take precautionary measures. When entering a spill site, walk slowly and carefully in oil coated areas. Be especially careful when walking on oil-covered rocks. Oil resistant safety footwear with non-slip soles should be worn. It is better to clear an access/egress route than to walk through oiled areas.

11.02 ENVIRONMENTAL SENSITIVITY INFORMATION Use of section

This section summarizes the environmental sensitivity information derived from a variety of studies. It should be consulted, in conjunction with the Spill Response Guidelines given in Section 3 to identify prior Areas for protection and the most appropriate response technique(s).

National Marine Park

The Marine Terminal is located within an area which has been designated a National Marine Park / Marine Sanctuary. The Authorities have listed the following as their priorities for protection, in descending order, from spilled oil;

Marine National Park Marine Sanctuary Forest Areas Salt works

Baseline Studies VOTL had commissioned two studies which have established the preliminary

Baseline data for the Marine Terminal are namely, an Oil Spill Risk Assessment Study by Environ Software Pvt. Ltd and Risk Analysis and Disaster Management Plan by Engineers India Limited.

Section - 11


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 77

11.03 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

Vadinar Oil Terminal Limited (VOTL)

VOTL has responsibility for dealing with oil spills which occur within the Marine Terminal Local Area. Responsibility for management of the response remains with VOTL unless the slick migrates outside the Local Area or more than 500 meters from the spill source.

In the event that the oil migrates to the port area administered by Kandla Port Trust, the Trust will assume responsibility for leading the pollution response.

Should the spill migrate to other areas, or to other areas in addition the Kandla Port Trust harbor area, the Coast Guard Monitor will assume the position of On Scene Commander and will direct the response effort. In both cases, VOTL will act and deploy their resources as required by the relevant On Scene Commander.

Kandla Port Trust (KPT)

The Statutory Port Authority responsible for administering the area embraced by the Kandla port limits. The IOC Terminal at Vadinar is located within the port limits.

Indian Coast Guard (ICG)

The Indian Coast Guard has a statutory duty to protect the maritime and other national interests of India in the Maritime Zones of India and to prevent and control marine pollution. Coast Guard is also the Central Co-ordination Authority for marine pollution control in the country. The Indian Coast guard is responsible for implementation and enforcement of the relevant marine pollution laws.

The coast guard will assume the role of On-Scene commander in the event of oil spill exceeding the capability and jurisdiction of KPT (Kandla Port Trust)

Gujarat Pollution Control Board The Gujarat Pollution Control Board is responsible for, and controls, waters up to 5 km from the shoreline. They require to be advised of all pollution incidents.

Gujarat Maritime Board

Gujarat Maritime Board is required to be informed of all pollution incidents. Ministry of Environment, Gujarat

The Ministry requires to be informed of all pollution incidents. Oil Industry Safety Directorate (OISD)

OISD is required to be informed of all oil spill incidents.

Section - 11


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 78

Permanent boom for jetty

Air Inflatable boom

Disk Skimmer ,20 Mᶟ/hr

Storage Tank ,25MT

Storage Tank , 5 MT

350 meters

850 meters

02Nos

02Nos

01Nos

Transfer Pump, 30M3/Hr 02Nos

Absorbent pads/Pillow 10000 Nos

Spill Dispersant (NIO approved) 25000 liters

Portable OSD spray pump 05 Nos

Fixed OSD spraying system on Tug Perseverance:

Spraying Capacity: 90Ltrs/Min. OSD Tank

Capacity Ltrs: 01 Nos.

Shovels 10 Nos.

HP Water Wash Machine 01 Nos.

Heavy Duty Storage Drums 15 Nos.

Heavy Duty Cleaning Brush 15 Nos.

Directorate General of Hydrocarbons (DGH) DGH is required to be informed of all oil spill incidents

Oil Pollution Management cell. Pollution Management Cell (PMC) is the nomenclature used to describe the command and control team established for a spill incident within the Marine Terminal Local Area. The PMC will convene at the MTCB, under the chairmanship of the Chief Operating Officer -VOTL and will consist of a Management Team and a Support Team as outlined in 1.08.

11.04 ANTI – POLLUTION RESOURCES (Local Area)

VOTL (Essar) (CRZ Clearance Section 12b) (Environ Annexure –IX)

Terminal has one Oil Pollution Response Tug, 2 support crafts and 1 Crane Barge with equipments mentioned above for any pollution response required.

“All the procured resources for pollution response for our marine facilities match the requirements of Appendix ‘A’, ‘B’, ‘C’ and ‘D’ of CGBR-774”

“Shore line clean up equipments is available on call as described in Page 38”

Section - 11


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 79

Coast boom

Inter tidal boom

600 meters

600 meters

Disk Skimmer ,30 Mᶟ/hr 01Nos

Mop Skimmer, 27.5 Mᶟ/hr 01 Nos

Floating Oil Storage Tank, 25MT 02Nos

Floating Oil Storage Tank, 12.5 MT 04Nos

Quick Tanks 02 Nos

Unloading (Oil Transfer) Pump 01Nos

Minivac Vac System 01 Nos

Oil Spill Dispersant Spraying System 02 Nos a) (With 4 nos of spraying guns and 4 nos of spraying arms)

Hot Water Boiler 01 Nos

Push Back Air Blower 01 Nos

Water Filling Pump 01 Nos

Absorbent pads 400 Nos

Absorbent Booms 8 Nos

Absorbent Pillows 32 Nos

Oil Polypropylene sorbent socks 15 Nos

Mini Sorbents Roll 2 Nos

Sorbent Roll 1 Nos

Disposable hooded boiler suit 8 Nos

Nitrile Gloves 8 Nos

Non sparking Shovel 2 Nos

Disposable bags 30 Nos

Oil Spill Dispersant 9500 liters (NIO & ICG

approved)

District Area

M/S Indian Oil Company (IOC)

Coast boom

Inter tidal boom

Disk Skimmer ,20 Mᶟ/hr

600 meters

540 meters

01Nos

Mop Skimmer, 30 Mᶟ/hr 01 Nos

Floating Oil Storage Tank, 25MT 02Nos

Floating Oil Storage Tank, 12.5 MT 04Nos

Unloading (Oil Transfer) Pump 01Nos




Vak Pak Beach Cleaning Equipment 1 Nos

Oil Spill Dispersant Spraying System 02 Nos

Oil Spill Dispersant 9500 liters (NIO & ICG approved)

M/S Bharat Oman Refineries Ltd (BORL)

Section - 11


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 80

M/S Reliance Industries Ltd (RIL), Motikhavdi.

Coast boom

Fixed Shore boom

750 meters

1100 meters

Aqua Brush Skimmer, 22 Mᶟ/hr 01 Nos

Disk Skimmer, 20 Mᶟ/hr 01Nos

Floating Storage Tank, (cap 500 cum) 01Nos




Vak Pak Beach Cleaning Equipment 1 Nos

Oil Spill Dispersant Spraying System 01 Nos (Fixed on Tug)

Oil Spill Dispersant 2500 liters (NIO & ICG approved)

Security and Pollution Control Boats 02 Nos

Other Support Crafts 06 Nos

Kandla Port Trust

OSD Spraying System Onshore

Oil Spill Dispersant 1000 litres

Storage Tank 4000 litres

Oil Recovery vessel 25 cum

OSD Spraying Boom In Tugs

OSD Storage Facility 4000 litres (Tugs)

Mundra Port

Fence Boom 255 m

Brush Skimmer 12 cum/hr X 2

Storage Tank 25 cum X 2

OSD Spraying System In Tugs

Oil Spill Dispersant 3000 litres

Section - 11


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 81

Sr No.

DESCRIPTION STD

CODE

TELEPHONE NO.

FAX NO. OFFICE MOBILE

1 Chief Operating Officer- VOTL

02833

661377/662413

9925153618

661366

2 Port Captain 02833 661385 9909908611 661366

3 Shift-In charge Jetty 02833 661386 9979868460 661366

4 EOL-Refinery Head 02833 662006 9909908686 662929

5 RSM 02833 661723 9979891330 662929

6 Refinery Fire control 02833 661111 9925150927

7 Refinery OHC 02833 661638/661639 9925206254

8 Security Jetty 02833 661380/661381 9925150963 661366

9 Security Refinery 02833 661770/1/2 9979868484 661038

10 COT Panel 02833 661981 9909021195

11 PIT, Refinery 02833 661736 9909992310

12 CEO & ED – Essar Ports

022

66601537

09819730233

13 Head Fire, Refinery 02833 661892 9825210517

14 Head HSEF, Refinery 02833 661444 9909908527 662929

15 Head Quality & Safety Essar Shipping

022

67335000

09819730162

24954312

16 Head HSE, Essar Group

022

66601889

09819730432

66669510

17 Shift-in charge, PIT 02833 241703 9909908219

19 COT Ambulance 9925206258

20 Jetty Security In- Charge

02833

661384

661366

21 COT SIC 02833 661396 9979891472

22 Head Environment, Refinery

02833

662203

9925150945

23 Refinery Corporate Communications

02833

661444

9825212554

662929

25 Coast Guard Station, Vadinar

02833 256560 256579

256560

26

COM, KPT,Vadinar

02833 256749 256280

9825212360

256540

27 KPT CONTROL TOWER, VADINAR

02833

256555

9825212359

28 MUNICIPAL FIRE Station, Jamnagar

0288

2672208

29 Regional Officer, GPCB, Jamnagar

0288

2752366

2540741

2753540

11.05 LIST OF IMPORTANT TELEPHONE NUMBERS OF VOTL, EOL , GOVT. OFFICIALS AND

OTHER NEIGHBOURING ORGANISATIONS RELATED TO SPILL COMBATING

Contact Directory

Section - 11


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 82

30 Conservator of Forest, Jamnagar

0288 2679371 9825049427 2770161

31 Marine Police, Station, Vadinar.

02833

256541

256541

32

DISTRICT COLLECTOR, JAMNAGAR

0288

2555869

2554059

2555899

33 COLLECTOR (Control Room) JAMNAGAR

0288

2553404

2555899

34 Superintendent of Police, Jamnagar

0288 2554203/ 2550200

2555868

2556382

35

Deputy Superintendent of Police, Khambhalia

02833

234262

234726 234735

36 Deputy Collector, KHAMBHALIA

02833

234577

234714

37 Commander Coast Guard, Porbander.

0286

2241718

2242451

2244056

38 GPCB, GANDHINAGAR

079

23237311

39

Chief Conservator of Forest, GANDHINAGAR

079

23254132/23254 123/23253903

23229917

40

Director Environment, Govt. of Gujarat, Gandhinagar

079

23251062

23252156

41 Head Environment RPL, Jamnagar

0288

6612152

9998215040

6612199

42

MUNDRA PORT (Operation Center)

02838

255000

255110

43 DGM, Indian Oil Corporation, SMPL

02833

256527

9426473739

256543

44 Control Room, IOCL 02833 256536

45 Fire Control Room, IOCL

02833

256536

46 Reliance, Fire Control Room

0288 2313146 2311053

Section - 11


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 83

Mutual Aid Partners Contact List:

Sr No.

DESCRIPTION STD

CODE

TELEPHONE NO.

FAX NO. OFFICE MOBILE

1 Mr.M.Kannan RIL, Jamnagar

0288

6612152

9998215040

6612199

2

Reliance Port Operations Control room,Sikka

0288 6612600/ 6612610

-

6612699

3 Mr. BMK Tripathy, IOCL Vadinar

02833

256527

9426473739

256984

4 IOCL Control Room, Vadinar

02833 256464/2

56536

-

256543

5 Mr. P.R.Thatte, BORL Vadinar

02833

256450

9427206501

256452

6 BORL Control Room, Vadinar

02833 256400/2

56000

-

-

S.No. Hospital Name Contact No

1 SAMARPAN HOSPITAL 2712728,2712729

2 ANANDABAVA HOSPITAL 2770966

3 SAMARPAN HEART HOSPITAL

2712731/28/29

4 G.G.HOSPITAL (SUPRI) 2554629

5 G.G.HOSPITAL (DEAN) 2553515

6 G.G.HOSPITAL (EMERGENCY)

2661087

7 G.G.Group of Hospital 2550227

8 Jaysukhlal Hathi Blood Bank 2550208

9 Gardi 2672529/2559743

10 Dr.Ashok Bhatt 9898467632/9875680509

Blood Bank Contact No

1 G.G.Group of Hospital 2550227

2 Jaysukhlal Hathi Blood Bank 2550208

3 Gardi 2672529/2559743

4 Dr.Ashok Bhatt 9898467632/9875680509

Section - 11


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 84

11.06 Post Oil Spill Remediation/Restoration Plan for Marine

Environment

The Vadinar region sustains a variety of marine ecosystems, i.e. coral patch reefs, fringing reefs around islands, mangrove forests, creeks and sandy beaches which, is having great diversity and abundance of marine life. Moreover the Vadinar Oil Terminal Port (VOTL) is situated in the middle of the most ecological sensitive marine environment. In order to conserve and protect this precious marine environment, Government has the area around it as Marine National Park and Marine Sanctuary.

Every day, a network of tanker ships, pipelines and marine terminals safely delivers millions of gallons of oil and finished products to fuel the need of refineries. Due to high density of marine facilities like SPMs, Jetties and ship traffic and handling of large quantities of crude oil and finished products, this area became more vulnerable to Oil spill risk. New technologies and better training yield continual improvements as we strive to conserve valuable energy resources and protect our nation's health and environment through spill prevention. And, when spills occur, we initiate preparedness planning and response capabilities to minimize environmental harm.

The speed and effectiveness of spill response today is greatly enhanced by the advance planning and coordination of the National Response System and Restoration Plan. In the event of an accidental release, it need only refer to the Restoration Plan to identify the appropriate response strategies and technologies.

Still, there is a certain degree of response decision-making that occurs on a case-by-case basis. Variables such as the type of product spilled, how much is released, and the precise ecosystem where the spill occurs must be considered. Because any clean-up operation is going to have its own environmental impact - from the transport of heavy equipment to the foot traffic of clean-up workers - Although it seems counterintuitive, there are cases where the least-damaging option is to leave a spill untreated and monitor its natural breakdown and wait for the natural recovery/restoration of the environment.

Sandy or Gravel Beaches

Perhaps the greatest threats posed by spills on a sandy or gravel beach are to recreation and commerce. The beaches themselves are only moderately sensitive to spill damage; plant life is minimal and most resident organisms are deep burrowers. However, back beach areas can be important nesting grounds for birds and some beaches play host to sea turtle eggs.

On sandy beaches, earth moving equipment can effectively remove soiled sediments; gravel beaches tend to be more loosely packed and heavy equipment can have the effect of grinding oil further into the substrate. When large amounts of sediment must be removed, it may be necessary to replace them with clean materials.

Other potentially effective clean-up techniques include flushing, vacuums, sorbents and solidifiers. In-situ burning is appropriate only in rare cases.

Section - 11


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 85

Manual recovery / Cleanup: Manual recovery is the most common method of shoreline

cleanup, involving teams of workers using rakes, shovels and the like to pick up oil and

debris. The oily materials are collected in buckets and drums for transfer to a

processing station. Workers may also use suction hoses, pumps and vacuum trucks to

recover spilled oil. While manual cleanup is a slow, painstaking process, it generates

less waste than other techniques.

Bioremediation: Certain portions of oil are biodegradable. Proper application of certain

fertilizers can speed up the biodegradation process as much as tenfold, depending on

the type of oil spilled. Certain plants (and their associated microorganisms) have also

shown promise in speeding the breakdown of oil. Still, even a speeded-up

biodegradation process takes weeks - even years - so bioremediation is used in

conjunction with other clean-up activities.

Monitor Only: Spill clean-up operations inevitably have their own environmental

impacts. For example, heavy equipment can damage sensitive plants and disrupt

wildlife habitats. When the potential harm caused by a spill is less than the potential

harm caused by attempts to remove it, spilled petroleum products are allowed to

degrade naturally. Technicians periodically monitor the breakdown of the spill to be

sure there is no unforeseen threat to sensitive ecosystems and/or groundwater

supplies.

Wildlife Cleanup: Oiled fish, birds and animals may absorb potentially lethal toxins

through their skin. Following spills, birds, otters, seals and walruses may be collected

for cleaning and treatment, then returned to the environment. This is an expensive,

time-consuming undertaking and, although techniques have improved greatly in the

past few years, recovery rates are often poor. Many other species cannot be

rehabilitated because they are either too difficult to capture, or the stress of captivity is

likely to have more negative effect than the oiling.

Mud flat and Salt Marshes

These are examples of highly sensitive habitats - sensitive both to spills and to clean-up activities. Salt marshes and mud flats are among the most productive ecosystems in the world, providing habitats and breeding grounds for many commercially and recreationally important species. It is generally impossible to move heavy response equipment into these environments without causing excessive damage. Even foot traffic must be minimized either by laying down planks or relying as much as possible on boat-based activities.

Effective response techniques can include bioremediation and the use of vacuums and sorbents. Berms can be used to contain or divert contaminated water, but must be constructed and removed with great care. Dispersants may be used in rare cases at the leading edge of mangrove forests, when it is determined non-dispersal poses too high a risk. Similarly, in-situ burning is a less-preferred, but occasionally appropriate, option in salt marshes.

Section - 11


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 86

Sorbents: Sorbents are material used to absorb oil, including peat moss, vermiculate and clay. Synthetic varieties – usually plastic foams or fibers – come in sheets, rolls or booms. They are most often used on small spills or as “polishers” after other recovery methods have been used.

Bioremediations: Certain portion of oil is biodegradable. Proper application of certain

fertilizers can speed up the biodegradation process as much as tenfold, depending on the

type of oil spilled. Certain plants (and their associated microorganisms) have also shown

promise in speeding breakdown of oil. This also takes weeks- even years. So this is used

in conjunction with other clean-up activities.

Monitor Only: Spill clean-up operations inevitably have their own environmental impacts.

For example, heavy equipment can damage sensitive plants and disrupt wildlife habitats.

When the potential harm caused by a spill is less than the potential harm caused by

attempts to remove it, spilled petroleum products are allowed to degrade naturally.

Technicians periodically monitor the breakdown of the spill to be sure there is no

unforeseen threat to sensitive ecosystems and/or groundwater supplies.

Wildlife Cleanup: Oiled fish, birds and animals may absorb potentially lethal toxins through

their skin. Following spills, birds, otters, seals and walruses may be collected for cleaning

and treatment, and then returned to the environment. This is an expensive, time-

consuming undertaking and, although techniques have improved greatly in the past few

years, recovery rates are often poor. Many other species cannot be rehabilitated because

they are either too difficult to capture, or the stress of captivity is likely to have more

negative effect than the oiling.

Wetlands

Wetlands, which include upland and inland marshes, swamps and bogs, are highly sensitive to spills because they collect run-off from surrounding environments, and because they are home to many commercially and ecologically important species.

Berms can be built to contain or divert spills for recovery by skimmers and vacuums, much in the same way booms are used on water. Other acceptable response techniques might include bioremediation, sorbents and in-situ burning. The use of heavy equipment is often not practical because of the damage it can cause to plant and animal life.

Berms/Trenches: Spills on land can be contained for recovery by building up berms or

dikes in the path of the flow, using either soil from the area, sand bags or other

construction materials. It is important to make sure the berm does not cause oil to back up

and permeate the soil, where it could contaminate groundwater. If the water table is high

and the oil will not permeate the soil, shallow trenches may be dug to collect oil for

removal.

Section - 11


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 87

Manual recovery / Cleanup: Manual recovery is the most common method of shoreline cleanup, involving teams of workers using rakes, shovels and the like to pick up oil and debris. The oily materials are collected in buckets and drums for transfer to a processing station. Workers may also use suction hoses, pumps and vacuum trucks to recover spilled oil. While manual cleanup is a slow, painstaking process, it generates less waste than other techniques.


fertilizers can speed up the biodegradation process as much as tenfold, depending on

the type of oil spilled. Certain plants (and their associated microorganisms) have also

shown promise in speeding the breakdown of oil. Still, even a speeded-up

biodegradation process takes weeks - even years - so bioremediation is used in

conjunction with other clean-up activities.







Wildlife Cleanup: Oiled fish, birds and animals may absorb potentially lethal toxins through

their skin. Following spills, birds, otters, seals and walruses may be collected for cleaning

and treatment, then returned to the environment. This is an expensive, time-consuming

undertaking and, although techniques have improved greatly in the past few years,

recovery rates are often poor. Many other species cannot be rehabilitated because they

are either too difficult to capture, or the stress of captivity is likely to have more negative

effect than the oiling.

Rocky Cliffs and Boulder Beaches:

Except when wildlife habitats and/or breeding grounds are present, exposed, rocky shores are less sensitive to contamination from spills. Because the rocks do not generally absorb much oil, the spilled material is held mostly offshore; any oil that is deposited remains on the surface, where it is subject to natural degradation.If response activities are called for, they will take the form of manual clean-up efforts - flushing, debris removal, vacuuming, etc. Bioremediation is another potentially effective option, using agents such as fertilizers to speed the degradation process.

In remote areas, in-situ burning may be considered. Sorbents may be used to "polish up" after other recovery options have been used.

Manual recovery/ Cleanup: Manual recovery is the most common method of shoreline cleanup, involving teams of workers using rakes, shovels and the like to pick up oil and debris. The oily

Section - 11


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 88

materials are collected in buckets and drums for transfer to a processing station. Workers

may also use suction hoses, pumps and vacuum trucks to recover spilled oil. While

manual cleanup is a slow, painstaking process, it generates less waste than other

techniques.




promise in speeding the breakdown of oil. Still, even a speeded-up biodegradation

process takes weeks - even years - so bioremediation is used in conjunction with other

clean-up activities.

Monitor Only: Spill clean-up operations inevitably have their own environmental impacts. For example, heavy equipment can damage sensitive plants and disrupt wildlife habitats. When the potential harm caused by a spill is less than the potential harm caused by attempts to remove it, spilled petroleum products are allowed to degrade naturally. Technicians periodically monitor the breakdown of the spill to be sure there is no unforeseen threat to sensitive ecosystems and/or groundwater supplies.

Wildlife Cleanup: Oiled fish, birds and animals may absorb potentially lethal toxins through their skin. Following spills, birds, otters, seals and walruses may be collected for cleaning and treatment, then returned to the environment. This is an expensive, time- consuming undertaking and, although techniques have improved greatly in the past few years, recovery rates are often poor. Many other species cannot be rehabilitated because they are either too difficult to capture, or the stress of captivity is likely to have more negative effect than the oiling.

Open Sea

In open-water marine spills, the primary response objectives are:

to prevent the spill from moving onto shore,

to reduce the impact on marine life, and

to speed the degradation of any unrecovered oil.

If weather conditions allow, booms can be used to contain or divert the spill. The spilled oil may then recovered using skimmers or simply burned off. However, if winds and/or waves are too high, booms will not be able to provide adequate containment.

Dispersants - applied to the spill via aircraft - can be effective in breaking up spills of light- or medium-density oils. Weather is a factor here too: High winds make it hard to target the spill from the air. Sorbents may be used for small-volume spills, or to "polish up" after other recovery options have been used.

Section - 11


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 89

Booms: These temporary floating barriers are used to contain floating spills. A boom

usually includes a containment component that floats on - and extends above - the

water's surface, plus an underwater "skirt" or "curtain." Booms may be deployed in

various configurations, depending on current and wind conditions:

to divert spills away from sensitive habitats and/or into collection locations

to contain spills for on-site recovery and/or treatment; or

to completely surround spills for in-situ burning. (Booms used in burning must be

either water-cooled or made of fire-resistant material.)

Skimmers: A variety of mechanical equipment is used to physically remove floating spills from the water's surface. Many designs use a kind of conveyor belt placed at the water line to carry the spilled oil into a reservoir, where it is collected for processing and recovery. (Inevitably, a skimmer

is going to collect some water mixed in with the oil.) Other skimmer technologies use

suction to remove spilled material, while weir skimmers harness gravity to gather

skimmed oil into underwater storage tanks. Skimmers generally are effective only in

calm waters; suction skimmers are also subject to clogging by floating debris.

In-situ Burning: In some cases - usually in remote areas - it is possible to burn off

spilled oil "in situ" (Latin for "in place"). Burning can eliminate large volumes quickly

and effectively, but it burns off plant life and leaves a residue that can adversely affect

the ecosystem. Also, because burning oil spreads rapidly in water, special fire-

resistant booms must be used to contain open-water burns. On land, berms or

trenches serve a similar containment function. In some cases, the contained spill area

is flooded to raise the burning oil off the vegetation below.

Dispersants: Dispersants are chemical agents - similar to soaps and detergents - that

help to break up an oil slick into small droplets that distribute more evenly throughout

the water. While this does not remove the spilled material, it does provide a measure

of protection for sensitive habitats threatened by a surface slick. Dispersants are

sprayed onto spills by specially equipped ships or aircraft.

Monitor Only: Spill clean-up operations inevitably have their own environmental

impacts. For example, heavy equipment can damage sensitive plants and disrupt

wildlife habitats. When the potential harm caused by a spill is less than the potential

harm caused by attempts to remove it, spilled petroleum products are allowed to

degrade naturally. Technicians periodically monitor the breakdown of the spill to be

sure there is no unforeseen threat to sensitive ecosystems and/or groundwater

supplies.


through their skin. Following spills, birds, otters, seals and walruses may be collected

for cleaning and treatment, then returned to the environment. This is an expensive,

time-consuming undertaking and, although techniques have improved greatly in the

Section - 11


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 90

past few years, recovery rates are often poor. Many other species cannot be rehabilitated

because they are either too difficult to capture, or the stress of captivity is likely to have

more negative effect than the oiling.

Coastal Waters

Response to spills closer to shore (in water depths less than 30 feet or so) must take into account both the potential of the spill to reach shore and its potential impact on corals, kelp and seagrass beds, and on their dependent ecosystems.

Booms may be used to divert and/or contain oil to be recovered via skimmers or, in remote areas, burned. (Booms are less effective in kelp beds, where they are likely to get tangled.) Dispersants are, generally, not a preferred option because of the potential for dispersed oil to affect shallow coastal ecosystems. They may be applied in coastal waters without significant subsurface habitats.

Sorbents may be used for small-volume spills, or to "polish up" after other recovery options have been used.

Coral Reef ecosystem

Rehabilitation technology includes coral nurseries in undisturbed reefs with transplanting to disturbed sites; submergence of concrete structures will provide new settling sites. The restored site will require continued protection and monitoring that will require participation of local communities of reef users.

Several factors needs to be consider while restoration of coral reef:

1. Restoration may be restricted to limited areas due to their high cost.

2. Restoration should only be undertaken in areas where conditions are good for

coral growth and reproduction.

3. Restoration should be done in damaged reefs where there are obstacles to natural

coral recruitment.

4. Restoration projects should be done in small areas where they can be more easily

monitored.

5. Restoration should be focused on long term success.

6. Local communities need to be included in restoration planning and implementation.

7. Restoration technology needs to be simple and low cost.

8. Techniques for restoration should also include deploying artificial substrates and

coral cultivation.

9. Natural coral fragments should be used to increase survival rates.

10. Prevention and mitigation of coral reef degradation are more effective than

restoration.

Section - 11


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 91

In remote areas, in-situ burning may be considered. Sorbents may be used to "polish up" after other recovery options have been used.

Manual recovery/ Cleanup: Manual recovery is the most common method of shoreline

cleanup, involving teams of workers using rakes, shovels and the like to pick up oil and

debris. The oily materials are collected in buckets and drums for transfer to a processing

station. Workers may also use suction hoses, pumps and vacuum trucks to recover

spilled oil. While manual cleanup is a slow, painstaking process, it generates less waste

than other techniques.




promise in speeding the breakdown of oil. Still, even a speeded-up biodegradation

process takes weeks - even years - so bioremediation is used in conjunction with other

clean-up activities.

Monitor Only: Spill clean-up operations inevitably have their own environmental impacts. For example, heavy equipment can damage sensitive plants and disrupt wildlife habitats. When the potential harm caused by a spill is less than the potential harm caused by attempts to remove it, spilled petroleum products are allowed to degrade naturally. Technicians periodically monitor the breakdown of the spill to be sure there is no unforeseen threat to sensitive ecosystems and/or groundwater supplies.

Wildlife Cleanup: Oiled fish, birds and animals may absorb potentially lethal toxins through their skin. Following spills, birds, otters, seals and walruses may be collected for cleaning and treatment, then returned to the environment. This is an expensive, time- consuming undertaking and, although techniques have improved greatly in the past few years, recovery rates are often poor. Many other species cannot be rehabilitated because they are either too difficult to capture, or the stress of captivity is likely to have more negative effect than the oiling.

In the case of coral reef ecosystems, several restoration techniques can be applied.

Restoring coral reef generally consist of transplanting coral fragments, but most of these soon die either due to being inadequately secured against rolling or physical impact, or because corals at the site originally died due to inadequate water quality, which also kills any new transplants. Although discarded cars, ships, airplanes, concrete blocks, rubber tires, fly ash, and other trash have been called "artificial reefs" these structures are found to have few hard corals or a normal diversity of reef organisms: instead they are sparsely covered with a limited variety of sponges, soft corals, and other weedy organisms. Such structures may provide hiding spaces for fish, but they steadily deteriorate as they rust, corrode, and leach toxic chemicals, crack, crumble, and eventually collapse, turning into projectiles which damage real reefs in storms. Despite ambitious claims made on short term results, such projects show very high mortality of transplanted corals within a year, and none are known to have increased the abundance of living corals over significant

Section - 11


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 92

areas or to have created habitat for a normal reef ecosystem. In addition their high cost makes them unfeasible on a large scale.

1) Physical removal of sediments, rubble, oily contaminant and sometimes algae from

the surface of reef structures to facilitate the settlement and establishment of

corals.

2) Transplantation of coral fragments taken from healthy colonies. Coral fragments

are stuck onto suitable substrate using cement or glue.

3) Broadcasting of coral fragments loosely onto the substratum. This method can be

used for transplanting large, heavy fragments in deeper sites.

4) Placement or creation of artificial substrates or reef structures, such as concrete

blocks or ceramic tiles. These provide suitable substrate for the settlement and

establishment of coral larvae.

5) A new technology, mineral accretion, uses safe low voltage electrical currents to

precipitate dissolved limestone minerals from seawater by creating chemical

conditions causing mineral deposition, which would not happen by itself. Rock-like

limestone minerals crystallize out of the water, generating a solid growing

structure. By creating conditions allowing mineral accretion, mineral accretion

causes corals and all organisms with limestone skeletons (such as clams, oysters,

etc.) to grow much more rapidly. Because local water quality conditions have been

created favoring limestone deposition, these organisms can grow their calcareous

skeletons without having to spend large parts of their metabolic energy on

mineralization, thus freeing energy for more rapid tissue growth.

Mangrove Ecosystem

The vast intertidal expanse at Vadinar-Salaya region has extensive and luxuriant mangrove habitats; Avicennia marina being the dominant species. Species like Rhizophora grow abundant at creek systems of Kalubhar Island. Ceriops also observed to be in large number at Kalubhar.

It should also taken into consideration the following points while planning mangrove

restoration of the oil spill impacted areas.

Mangroves can take more than 30 years to recover from severe oil spill impacts.

Adequate tidal exchange is critical to restoration success.

Mangrove seedling and tree density and health are the only widely measured

recovery indicators at many spills.

Restoration that works with natural recovery processes

Section - 11


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 93

Effective response techniques can include bioremediation and the use of vacuums and sorbents. Berms can be used to contain or divert contaminated water, but must be constructed and removed with great care. Dispersants may be used in rare cases at the leading

edge of mangrove forests, when it is determined non-dispersal poses too high a risk.

Sorbents: Sorbents are material used to absorb oil, including peat moss, vermiculate and clay. Synthetic varieties – usually plastic foams or fibers – come in sheets, rolls or booms. They are most often used on small spills or as “polishers” after other recovery methods have been used.

Bioremediations: Certain portion of oil is biodegradable. Proper application of certain



promise in speeding breakdown of oil. This also takes weeks- even years. So this is used

in conjunction with other clean-up activities.








through their skin. Following spills, birds, otters, seals and walruses may be collected for

cleaning and treatment, and then returned to the environment. This is an expensive, time-

consuming undertaking and, although techniques have improved greatly in the past few

years, recovery rates are often poor. Many other species cannot be rehabilitated because

they are either too difficult to capture, or the stress of captivity is likely to have more

negative effect than the oiling.

Mangrove restoration

o In order to avoid mechanical cleanup, a group of contractor workers should be

given basic ecology training so that they would fully understand the importance of

mangrove ecosystems.

o Low pressure washing and manual soil restoration should be taken up in order to

save and careful cleaning the mangrove respiratory structures and the seeds.

o Substrate should be partially mixed with organic fertilizers in order to enhance

mangrove leaves export.

o Redistribution of clean seeds should be taken up in the affected area.

Section - 11


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 94

o Planting mangroves will greatly enhance the rate of initial mangrove cover and

eventual forest development and succession.

o Erosion of soils in mangrove forests following a disturbance can impede future

reestablishment of new trees, since mangroves thrive only at specific tidal

elevations. Since mangrove root mass comprises 40-60% of the total forest

biomass, any substantial die-off of adult trees, as may occur after an oil spill, could

cause subsidence of soils and erosion as a secondary impact. In such cases,

augmenting soils, or assisting processes of sediment accretion may be a

necessary part of restoration activities.

o Facilitating or increasing tidal exchange to these impounded mangrove forests

could be a promising restoration activity.

o Propagules may be available only during certain times of the year or may not

distribute far from the parent tree due to poor circulation or blocking by debris.

Removing floating debris that may block channels enables propagules to reach

and recolonize denuded areas naturally.

o Increasingly, in-kind restoration is used for projects in the United States, especially

for resource damage settlements after oil spills. In-kind restoration restores habitat

in a different location in the same ecosystem and is meant to contribute to the

overall habitat function of the region.

o Methods of restoring mangrove ecosystems include planting seedlings/saplings

ranging in size from 30cm to over 3m in height, but generally the diameter at

breast height (DBH) should not exceed 5cm. Planting propagules is also very

effective. Propagules of Rhizophora spp. can be transplanted directly into the field,

while for Avicennia spp. it is advisable to transplant them in nurseries first before

planting it in a oil spill damaged area.

11.07 Cleanup evaluation/effectiveness monitoring plan

Objective: Evaluate field data routinely to monitor progress of cleanup activities and assess the need for modifying cleanup methods or endpoints.

Responsibility: Assessment coordinator, representative from MNP authority and GPCB.

Methods:

Visit segments where cleanup activities are being conducted to ensure that

approved methods are being properly implemented.

Respond to requests from Operations for changes in approved cleanup methods to address specific problems or changes in oiling conditions that render the approved methods ineffective.

Section - 11


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 95

Organize and conduct field testing and monitoring programs, if needed, during evaluation or use of innovative cleanup methods.

Modify cleanup endpoints, as needed, with changes in oiling conditions or timing.

Arrange, plan and execute environmental monitoring with respect to water quality, sediment quality and biological characteristics.

Produce summary reports and documentation on special issues, problems, and changes in recommendations related to shoreline cleanup methods and endpoints.

Tools: Local area contingency plan, cameras and oceanographic sampling equipments.

Parameters to be studied: Area should be thoroughly studied along with reference site

which is free from contaminants for following parameters:

Samples should be taken to determine the type and residual levels of hydrocarbon compounds in sediment, surface water, and oil-polluted shoreline material in sediment, surface water and in contaminated seaweed and sand.

Water quality: Surface samples should be collected from all the sampling locations for pH, temperatures, salinity, DO, BOD, PHc, PAH, Phenols, Ammonia fluorides and sulfides.

Sediment quality: Subtidal as well as intertidal locations to be sampled for organic carbon content, PHc and PAH.

Biological characteristics: Chlorophyll a, phaeophytin, phytoplankton cell counts, Zooplankton biomass and counts, macrobenthic biomass and counts.

Reporting: Monitoring report after compilation of analyses results along with conclusion and recommendations should be submitted to the project authority and local governing authorities such as MNP, GPCB and regional office of the MoEF.

11.08 Post-cleanup inspections

Objective: Inspect segments that Operations declares ready for sign-off before final approval.

Responsibility: Each Shoreline Assessment Team.

Methods:

Operations notify the Shoreline Assessment Team Coordinator that a segment is ready for inspection.

Inspect the segment against agreed-upon cleanup endpoints (preferably using the same team that did the original survey). The original field sketch can be very helpful for evaluating effectiveness of the cleanup.

Identify additional cleanup needed using standard shoreline assessment terminology forms and sketches, or develop special forms for this purpose

Recommend segment for final inspection.

Recommend any longer-term monitoring or iterative procedures needed.

Section - 12


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 96

OTHER DATA AND INFORMATIONS

Section - 12


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 97

12.01 Oil Spill on Land

When a liquid or a solid has been discharged onto a land surface, attempt to contain the spilled material and prevent further spread. Dikes or barriers of earth, sand or clay materials can be quickly constructed with bulldozers or similar equipment. Motorized equipment should not be used indiscriminately near flammable or explosive vapors or gases. Adequate shovels may be arranged for manual cleaning.

• Once the spilled material has been contained, the next step is to remove it from the environment. Following methods shall be adopted for gross clean up of contaminated ground surfaces:

• Use of compatible pumps, hoses, and tanks, drums, or vacuum trucks to collect pools of accumulated liquids.

• Use of soil, sand, clay, straw, saw dust, fly ash, cement powder, vermiculite, or commercially available mineral or plastic sorbing materials to absorb and mop up liquid residues. Dispose off the same as per procedure.

• Removal of contaminated surface layers (where cleaning in place is not practical) by shovels or mechanical means.

• Steam-cleaning or detergent washing of solid surfaces where hydrocarbons have spilled.

• Burning of flammable materials in place where it is safe to do so.

• Application of special mutant bacterial cultures to contaminated soils and liquids to "digest” contaminants over a period.

12.02 Shoreline Booming Guidelines:

Shoreline sensitivity mapping to be used as a guiding tool for control/diversion and /or beaching of oil spill.

Determine priorities: Protection Deflection Containment To assist shoreline clean-up. Obtain local knowledge concerning: Tide times Springs/Neaps Tidal range Sensitivities Access Shoreline type – Load bearing capacity (equipment/ moorings). Gradient

Section - 12


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 98

HW/LW marks Locate convenient slipways for launching boats / booms. Containment Find a natural collection point. Identify debris collection locations (remove if possible). Utilize natural or manmade features e.g. Sand bar or groyne. Deflection Extend from a land promontory e.g. Peninsula or sand spit. Assess current and wind strength to establish boom angle and length.

Deployment vessels should be

- Shallow draft - Have sufficient power. - Have good deck space.

Before deployment inshore moorings should be established (above HW mark) - Ensure good communication between shore and boats.

Upon deployment - Vessels should tow boom out slowly, taking account of wind

and current. - Set moorings up current, unless wind is stronger over tide. - Moorings can be readjusted on tripping lines.

12.03 Shoreline Clean up

After any oil spillage in to the sea, recovery at sea is first priority because, It is technically simpler, less costly & cause less Environmental Damage. However, there

are chances of oil hits shore line and require clean-up.

Some factors like Oil Quantity, Oil Characteristics, and Prevailing Conditions Type of Shoreline, Special Reasons will affect the shore line cleanup.

There are three stages of shore line cleanup. Stage 1 Removal of gross pollution and bulk oil Stage 2 Removal of oil Stage 3 final cosmetic/aesthetic treatments.

Once oil hits particular shore line, four options are available.

• Do not clean • Clean but to a minimum • Clean to full restoration • Clean to pristine level

Shoreline Types,

• Rocks and Man-made structures • Cobbles, Pebbles and Shingles • Sandy beaches • Sedimentary.

Section - 12


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 99

Organization of a Clean-Up Operation, • A Shore- line Supervisor is appointed (OSC) • Work Forces of max. 10 people • Team leader for each group • Team leaders refer to Shore- line Supervisor • Each team has special functions/beach section • Activities must be clearly defined

Team Leader Guidelines,

• Make record of all works carried out, report to Shore- line Supervisor

• All personnel must wear protective work clothes and other safety equipment • Team leader responsible for team following safety and health regulations.

Shore- line Supervisor Guidelines,

• Provision of all equipment required • Breaks, refreshments • Control of all vehicle traffic • Cleaning of all equipment after use and making ready for next day • All personnel in area has received safety instructions • Contact with the mass media

Plan of Action : Shore- line Supervisor

• Agreed acceptable cleaning status is achieved • Tasks for each team specified • Procedures for each team followed • Equipment is specified • Vehicle traffic, storage • Working periods • Safety checklist available

Safety and Health • Communication systems defined and checked • Tools not left scattered on beach • Routes for lorries defined • Area well illuminated during operations • All personnel equipped with safety clothing • If chemicals used, protection available (eye washer, masks, etc.) • Proper cleaning and maintenance of all equipment during operation must be

carried out • Familiar with safety procedures in case of injury • Pump and skimmer personnel instructed about proper use and potential risks

Section - 12


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 100

12.04 TYPES OF DISPERSANTS

Based on solvents used in formulation, dispersants are generally graded into three types:-

Type I - Conventional Hydrocarbon Base:

These are normally used in undiluted (neat) form and are generally applied at a dosage ratio of one part of OSD to between 2-3 parts of oil. These products are generally of low viscosity, similar to that of kerosene, and require additional agitation to mix the OSD into the oil and consequently into the water column.

Type II – Water Dilutable Concentrate:

These dispersants are used after dilution with sea water in the ratio of 1:10. Treatment rates are one part of dispersant to 2-3 parts of oil. (Equivalent to 1 part of concentrate dispersant to 20-30 parts of oil for mainly combating offshore spills, coastline and beaches.) They are generally applied from a small tug or fishing vessel on which spray booms and associated equipment is rigged.

Type III – Concentrate:

Also known as third generation dispersants are alcohol/ glycol solvent-based dispersants containing higher concentrations of surface-active agents. These are primarily used in undiluted form. Diluting such products with water can reduce effectiveness. Third generation Oil Spill Dispersants are designed primarily for use from aircraft - fixed or rotary wing. Their dosage rate is much smaller, one part to 20-30 parts of oil, depending upon slick thickness. In addition, these dispersants can also be used from ships or on beaches, using appropriate spray gear.

Type II/III Combination:

This is a new type of dispersant manufactured both for undiluted spraying from aircraft and for sea by water dilution prior to spraying using sea going vessels. The advantage of this dispersant is that any organization need not store type II and type III dispersant separately. When used for Type II application, dilute 1 part dispersant with 10 parts water (fresh or sea), for ‘Type III’ application, use undiluted and spray 1 part dispersant onto 20 – 30 parts oil. In all cases the product should be sprayed by suitable spraying equipment and then agitated.

An important parameter that a good dispersant need to meet is that it should be

highly effective, less toxic by itself and most importantly it should not increase the toxicity of oil it is added to. The OSD should also be free of hydrocarbon solvents and safe for personnel handling the product and should not pose any health hazard.

Section - 12


Rev : 06 Date : Jan - 2013


P a g e | 101

12.05 References

IMO 1995 ; Manual On Oil Pollution Contingency Planning

Oil Spill Risk Assessment Study by ENVIRON SOFTWARE PVT LTD (Bangalore) for Marine Facilities of Essar Oil Limited at Vadinar

Risk Analysis and Disaster Management plan by Engineers India Limited in

IPIECA 2000 : A Guide to Contingency Planning for Oil Spills On Water

Integrated Coastal And Marine Area Management (ICMAM) Plan for Gulf Of

Kachchh

IMO publication of MARPOL 74/78

NOS- DCP by ICG

Wildlife Protection Act 1972 (WLPA) Clearances

Coastal Regulatory Zone (CRZ) Clearances

Forest Conservation Act (FCA) Clearances

ITOPF

VOTL Environment Management Plan

OISD-GDN-200: Guidelines For Preparation Of Oil Spill Response Contingency Plan

Agreement of Mutual Aid- Scheme for Oil Spill Response and control by oil handling Member Organization.(Between Essar,BORL,IOCL)

Agreement of Mutual Aid- Scheme for Oil Spill Response and control by oil handling Member Organization.(Between Essar & Reliance)

Essar Crisis Management Manual.

Policy and Guidelines for use of Oil Spill Dispersants (OSD) in Indian waters.

vadinar oil terminal limited - welcome to...

Documents