virtualization technology primer

Copyright 2008 FOCUS Consulting

Virtualization Technology Primer

Anne Skamarock, Research Director

Barb Goldworm, President & Chief Analyst


Speaker Bios • Anne Skamarock, Research Director

– 28 years in systems, software, and storageEnd‐user, System Administrator, Software Engineer, Education, Marketing, Architect, Manager

– SRI, Sun Microsystems, Solbourne, Enterprise Management Associates

• Barb Goldworm, President and chief analyst, Focus – 30 years in systems, software, and storage

Software Architecture/Development, Systems Engineering, Tech Support, Education, Marketing, Sales, Senior Management

– IBM, StorageTek, Novell, Enterprise Management Associates, multiple successful startups

• Authors– Blade Servers and Virtualization: Transforming Enterprise Computing While Cutting Costs

and numerous Research Reports, White Papers and Columns– Expert Columnist since 1990s – NetworkWorld, ComputerWorld SNWOnline, TechTarget

SearchServerVirtualization, Virtual Strategy Magazine

• Conference Chairs– Interop Virtualization TrackVirtualization Insight at Blade Systems InsightServer Blade Summit on Blades and Virtualization

http://www.focusonsystems.com/


Virtualization Primer

• Virtualization Business Drivers• IT Technology Trends• Market Analysis• Virtualization Timeline• Types of Virtualization• Virtualization 2.0 • Virtualization and Platform Choices• Futures• Conclusions & Recommendations


Virtualization Business Drivers

• Consolidate underutilized HW

• Upgrade aging infrastructure and migrate older applications onto more reliable and manageable hardware and software platforms

• Improve IT agility and ability to respond to both peak loads and computing-on-demand

Reduce space, power, & cooling, reduce TCO & maximize ROI

Improve reliability, availability, serviceability, and scalability Reduce costs of managing legacy hardware and distributed softwareImprove overall resource management

Reduce time to bring up new servers, applications, & users (time-to-production), improve user service

Financial

Operational

Service Delivery


ROI and TCO• ROI

– Increased utilization (10% ‐> 80%)

– Same workload, fewer systems, less overall cost

– Decreased time to production

– Increased availability

• TCO– Reduce CapEx

• Hardware and software costs

• Cabling costs

– Reduce OpEx• Reduce ongoing facilities costs

• Reduce ongoing management costs

• Reduce ongoing maintenance costs


IT Technology Trends• Systems

– Multi‐core, more memory, virtualization hardware assists– Server, workstation & PC blades as modular building blocks– Desktop changes driving re‐evaluation of alternatives/strategy – Consolidation increases need for availability & fault tolerance– Move towards going green

• Storage – SANs (FC, iSCSI), NAS– Storage Virtualization, I/O Virtualization– Diskless and stateless server options

• Software– Virtualization will become ubiquitous – Licensing – Management will be the key issue


Server Virtualization Market

Source: IDC, 2008

Less than 10% of all server are virtualized today!

http://www.focusonsystems.com/


VMware GSX

Citrix MetaFrame

MS Virtual Server

Windows Server 2008

Hyper -V

VMware Workstation

VMware ESX VMware VI3

20082003 2004 2005 2006 20072002

Xen Open Source

3.0

MS acquires

ConnectixMS

acquires Softricity

Xen Open Source bundled into Novell SUSE, Red Hat Linux, Virtual

Iron, Oracle VM

MS Xen agreement

(MetaFrame becomesCitrix Presentation Server

Citrix Desktop Broker/Server

and Tarpon

Connectix

Virtual PC for Windows

MS Virtual

PCMS

SoftGrid

Microsoft Terminal Services

Provisioning Server,XenServer, XenDesktop,

XenApp

SunRay Thin Client and SunRay Server Software Sun XVM

Sun VDISun Secure Global Desktop

VMware Player

VMware acquired by

EMC

GSX/ Server Free

VMware ACE

VMware Fusion

VMware

acquires

Propero

Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI)

Sun acquires Tarantella

Citrix acquires

XenSource

Citrix acquires Ardence (OS streaming)

MS Application Streaming

Viridian beta

VMware

IPO

SWsoft Virtuozzo

SWsoft & Parallels Merge

Virtual Iron Parallels

MS XenDesktop agreement

VMware acquires Thinstall

Virtual Server &

Virtual PC For Free


Types of Virtualization• Network Virtualization

– VLANS, VSANS, virtual NICs, virtual WWNs

• Storage Virtualization– Host, Network, Device

• Systems and Software– Server, Desktop & Application Virtualization

Virtualization of all resources in the infrastructure to enables Agile Dynamic IT

Network Virtualization

Storage Virtualization

Cluster

Server Virtualization

VM 1 VM 2

Desktop Virtualization

Desktop VM 1

Virtual App

Virtual App


Systems Virtualization• Servers

– Hosted Virtualization– OS Virtualization– Bare Metal Hypervisors

• Desktops– Presentation Virtualization aka

published desktop/apps– Virtual Clients (server hosted)– Virtual Clients (client/PC hosted)

• Applications – Application virtualization/Isolation– Application Streaming


Server Virtualization

• Hosted Virtualization

– VMware Workstation/Server

– Microsoft Virtual Server

• OS Virtualization

– SWSoft /Parallels Virtuozzo

– Solaris Containers

• Bare‐metal Hypervisor

– VMware ESX, XenServer, Microsoft Hyper‐V


Hosted Virtualization

• First, most familiar

• Relies on existing OS

• High overhead

• Driver support from OS

Hardware

Host OS

Virtualization layer

VM 1 VM 2


OS Virtualization

• Least overhead

• No added I/O overhead.

• Virtual Environment (VE) can only be thesame as the host OS.

• Support for Windows Server, Linux, and Solaris.

Hardware

Host OSOS Virtualization Layer

Virtual Environment

Virtual Environment

Virtual Environment

Virtual Environment


Bare‐metal Virtualization

• What people usually mean now when talking about server virtualization

• No host OS

• Performance withmost flexibility


Comparing Bare Metal Approaches

0 2 4 6

OS Virtualization

Hosted Virtualization

Bare‐Metal Virtualization

Cost

Flexibility

Performance


Virtualization 2.0: Beyond Consolidation

• Leverage server virtualization SW and expertise beyond consolidation and development/testing

• Availability and Management –> Dynamic IT High Availability, Disaster Recovery, Dynamic Resource Scheduling, Fault Tolerance, policy‐based & other advanced management features

• Virtual Desktops and Applications ‐ Extend beyond servers to virtual clients and application virtualization and streaming


2

3

4

5

1

6

7

8

9

FANSTATUS

2

3

4

5

1

6

7

8

9

FANSTATUS

Traditional Infrastructure:SW coupled to physical servers, network,

storage

August 08 17


Virtual Infrastructure

• Multiple Workloads / Server

• Simplified Management

• Opex and Capex Savings

• Resource pooling & allocation

• Instant Provisioning

• Easy, Non-disruptive Scaling

• High Availability

• Dynamic Resource Balancing

• On Demand Capacity

Server Farm

Virtual Machines

Aggregated Virtualization(Consolidate & Simplify)

Network

Provisioning Management (Manage)

Service Level Assurance (Automate)On Demand

CapacityDynamic Resource

Scheduling

Storage

High Availability Automate

Manage

Consolidate


X

Workload Balancing High Availability

On-Demand Capacity++

Highly Available On‐Demand Computing


Live Migration• Enables real‐time live migration of

running virtual machines

• Can be automatically initiated when– Critical alarm is generated

for the host hardware

– Host hardware utilization exceeds specified level

– It is time for the scheduled maintenance

• Leveraged by automated management capabilities

Live Migration, and all the capabilities that build on it, all require Networked Storage


Application

File System

Storage

Direct-Attached Storage (DAS)

Application

File System

Storage

Network

Network-Attached Storage (NAS)

Application

File System

Storage

Network

Storage Area Network (SAN)

Server Virtualization and Storage: DAS, NAS, SAN

Source: HGAI Fibre Channel or iSCSIIP – CIFS or NFSSCSI


Comparing Storage OptionsStorage Type Transfers Interface

VMware data store VMotion RDM

Clustering VMs

VMware HA and DRS

SCSI Block access of data/LUN

SCSI bus VMFS No No No No

Fibre Channel

Block access of data/LUN FC HBA

VMFS Yes Yes Yes Yes

iSCSI Block access of data/LUN

iSCSI HBA (hardware‐initiated iSCSI )NIC (software‐initiated iSCSI)

VMFS Yes Yes No Yes

NAS over NFS

File (no direct LUN access)

NIC NFS Yes No No Yes


Storage Virtualization

Combine the capacity from multiple arrays into a single pool of storage

Apply common copy services across the storage pool

Manage the storage pool from a central point

Make changes to the storage without disrupting host applications

VirtualDisk

VirtualDisk

VirtualDisk

VirtualDisk

SAN

SAN Volume Controller

Advanced Copy Services

Storage PoolHP

EMCDS4000

DS8000HDS


• Hardware• Redundant components & hot swap• Redundant systems• System Fault Tolerance

• Software• Virtual Resource Pools• Live Migration within resource pool• Clustering at virtualization layer & guest OS VMs• High Availability Failover• Dynamic Resource Load Balancing• Software based Fault Tolerance

Server Virtualization:Availability Continuum

Where do your applications fit?

Redundant Fault Tolerant


Beyond Server Consolidation: Desktops & Applications

• What?– Virtual Desktops

‐ Published desktop/applications – Server Based Computing

‐ Server Hosted VM Desktops ‐ Virtual Desktop Architecture (VDA)

‐ Client Hosted – locally or centrally managed

– Application virtualization • Application Isolation/sandboxing

• Streaming applications for local execution

• Why?– Eliminate/minimize SW on desktop

– Centralize and reduce desktop management

– Reduce application interaction problems


Guest OSApp 1 App 2

Server

Virtual Desktop Architecture

Hypervisor

Guest OSApp 1 App 2

Guest OSApp 1 App 2

Virtu

al D

eskt

ops

(VM

s) User Access DevicesPC

Thin Client

Laptop

App 1 App 2

Server

Multi-User Architecture

App 1 App 2

App 1 App 2

PC

Thin Client

Laptop

App 1 App 2

Windows (TS)

XenA

pp/Terminal S

ervices S

essions

Server Hosted

Client Hosted

Multi-OS or Developer Desktop

Contractor/ Work from Home Desktop

PC or WorkstationBlades

Vista

Mac OS

XP

Microsoft Virtual PC, Parallels Desktop,VMware WorkStation, Player, Fusion

MS Kidaro, VMware ACE, RingCube MojoPac

Unmanaged Personal/Contractor

Desktop

Secured/ManagedVirtual Desktop

Linux

ClearCube, HP, IBM, Verari


Hardware

VirtualInfrastructure

OS OS OS

App

App

App

App

App

App

App

App

App

App

App

App

App

OS OS OS

Connection ManagerVirtual Infrastructure

Provision OS and Apps

User AccessDevice(s)

Delivery Protocol

Manage!Server-hosted/Centralized Desktop


Virtual Desktop Architecture (VDA)• Server‐hosted, client virtualization• Each user connects to VM from

Thin or Rich Client• VMs can be customized, user has

more control than published apps• Dedicated or pooled VMs

• Connection broker/manager handles connecting user to VM, Published Apps, Workstation/PC Blade

• Integrates with AD• Provisioning assistance (templates,

golden images)• New licensing options – MS VECD


Server/Desktop Operating System

Virtualized Applications

Native Installed Applications

VirtualizationSandbox



Application Virtualization


Tilt the panes and the applications appear to the user as expected

Applications are placed in layers withinMicrosoft Windows,like panes of glass, eachwith their own “Registry”

Native OS + Applications

VirtualApplicationSandboxes



Executes on local systemData Center



OS

IE

MS Office 2007

MS Office 2003

VisioAdobe Reader



VM

XP

VM

Vista

VM

Red Hat

VM

Solaris

OS/Hypervisor

APP

APP

APP

APP

APP

APP

APP

APP

MS Office 2007

MS Office 2003

Visio

Adobe Reader

Web or Streaming Server

Application Packaging/ Sequencing Server

Application Virtualization/Streaming


Task Users Mobile UsersKnowledge Workers Power Users

Server‐hostedDelivery

Client‐hosted Desktop Virtualization

Client‐hostedDelivery

Desktops/Apps: Use Cases and Technologies

Virtual Desktop Architecture

PC/ Workstation

Blades

Managed client-hosted

Managed client-hosted

Application Virtualization and Streaming

Server-Based

Computing


Selecting a Virtualization Solution

• Virtualization Architecture : performance, flexibility, cost

• SW Platform support: server, desktop, apps, guest OS

• High Availability options: HW redundancy‐‐> fault tolerance

• Management: integration with physical, OS, apps mgmt, advanced mgmt features

• HW Platform support: hardware assists, memory, storage, networking, scalability, RAS


Software Choices: x86–based Virtualization

• VMware – ESX, Virtual Infrastructure 3 (3.5), Virtual Center, HA, DRS, DPM, VMotion, Storage VMotion, Site Recovery Manager, Life Cycle Manager, Lab Manager, Server, VDI/VDM, Workstation, Player, ACE, Fusion, Thinstall app virtualization

• Microsoft – Virtual Server 2005 R2, Hyper‐V ‐Windows Server 2008, Virtual PC, Application Virtualization (SoftGrid), Terminal Services, Systems Center Ops Mgr, Config Mgr, VMM, Kidaro

• Citrix – XenServer, XenDesktop, XenApp (Presentation Server) with streaming, Provisioning Server

• Xen open source based – Novell SUSE, Red Hat, Virtual Iron, Oracle VM, Sun xVM


Future: Virtualization 2.0 & Beyond• Hypervisors everywhere, including embedded/bundled in hardware

• Advances in HW virtualization assists ‐ improving performance

• Virtualization used for HA/DR/BC

• Expanding to Desktop & Application Virtualization

• Virtual clients expanding beyond niche solutions

• App virtualization & streaming addressing software/license mgmt

• Increased focus on security issues

• VM Life cycle management addressing virtual sprawl

• VM Performance, Capacity Planning, Monitoring emerging market

• Licensing changes to address virtual world

Management will become the key issue


Recommendations• If you haven’t already started virtualizing, start evaluating, gaining experience now – Hypervisors, live migration, resource pooling, HA, virtual clients, application virtualization and streaming

• Avoid silos – build cross‐functional teams– Server, desktop, storage, networking, facilities

• Consider getting expert help – Vendors, channel, consultants

• Consider big picture – Total costs, RAS, power and space, licensing, performance, management, security, policies, organizational issues


Focus Resources• Columns and webcasts

• Blade Servers and Virtualization– Assessing Your Needs, System Software Considerations,

Differentiating & Selecting Solutions, Features Matrices

• Focus Research Reports – Focus Research Series: Desktop & Application Delivery

• http://www.focusonsystems.com/store/products.php?cat=7– Focus Research Series: Virtualization Management (2H 08)

• Website: www.focusonsystems.com• Email: [email protected];

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]



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