viswasa velicham

3

{^m³knkv ]m-¸m

tIcf It¯men¡mk`bpsS

HutZymKnI aebmf hnhÀ¯\w

tIcf It¯men¡mk`bpsS BØm\Imcymebw

]n.H.kn. {]kn²oIcWw

5

Viswasa Velicham[Malayalam]

Translation of the encyclical LetterLUMEN FIDEI

Issued byPOPE FRANCISon 29th June 2013

Translated by Rev. Dr. George Kurukkoor, General Editor, POC Publications

Published byThe Director,Pastoral Orientation CentreSecretariat, Kerala Catholic Bishops’ Council, Kochi 25, Kerala, IndiaPhone : +91 484 2805722, 28058215,Fax : +91 484 2806214E-mail : [email protected], Website : www.kcbcsite.com

Copyright to The Publisher

Published on 5th August 2013

Printed at Don Bosco IGACT,Vennala, Kochi -28, Ph:0484 2806411

Copies - 5000Price - ` 40

©Pastoral Orientation CentreAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission of the Publisher.

DÅS¡w

anYy-bmb shfn¨tam?

hosï-Sp-¡-s¸-tSï shfn¨w

1. \mw kvt\l-¯nð hniz-kn¨p

1.1. A{_mlw: hnizm-k-¯nð \½psS ]nXmhv

(hn-izm-k-N-cn{Xw hnip² {KÙ-¯nð)

1.2. C{kmtb-ensâ hnizmkw

1.3. ss{IkvX-hn-izm-k-¯nsâ ]qÀWX

1.4. c£, hnizmkw hgn

1.5. hnizm-k-¯nsâ k`m-ß-I-cq]w

2. \n§Ä hnizkn¡pónsñ¦nð

\n§Ä¡p a\ÊnemIpIbnñ.

2.1. hnizmkhpw kXyhpw

2.2. kXys¯bpw kvt\ls¯bpw Ipdn¨pÅ Adnhv

2.3. hnizmkw tIÄhnbpw ImgvNbp-saó \ne-bnð

2.4. hnizm-khpw bpànbpw X½n-epÅ kwhmZw

2.5. hnizm-khpw ssZh-mt\z-j-Whpw

2.6. hnizm-khpw ssZh-im-kv{Xhpw

3. F\n¡p e`n-¨-Xv...

Rm³ \n§Ä¡v Gev]n-¨p-Xóp

3.1. k` \½psS hnizm-k-¯nsâ amXmhv

3.2. IqZm-i-Ifpw hnizm-k-ssI-am-ähpw

3.3. hnizm-khpw {]mÀ°-\bpw ]¯p-I-ev]-\-Ifpw

3.4. hnizm-k-¯nsâ sFIyhpw ka-{K-Xbpw

4. ssZhw AhÀ¡p-thïn

Hcp \Kcw kÖo-I-cn-¡póp

4.1. hnizm-khpw s]mXp-\-òbpw

4.2. hnizm-khpw IpSpw-_hpw

4.3. kaq-l-¯nse Pohn-X-¯n\v Hcp shfn¨w

4.4. kl-\-¯n-\n-S-bnð Bizm-khpw iànbpw

4.5. hniz-kn-¨-hÄ `mKy-hXn

6 7

hniz-kn-¡p ó-h³

Fñmw hyà-ambn ImWpóp

]cn-ip-²-]n-Xmhv {^m³knkv amÀ]m-¸m-bpsS {]Ya

Nm{In-I-te-J-\-amb "hnizm-k- sh-fn¨w' (Lumen Fidei) 2013 Pqsse 5þ\mWv {]kn-²o-I-cn-¨Xv. kmÀh-{XnI k` hnizm-

k-hÀjw BN-cn-¡pó ]Ým-¯-e-¯n-emWv hnizm-k-s¯-

¡p-dn¨v ]t{Xm-knsâ ]n³Kman Nm{In-I-te-J\w ]pd-s¸-

Sp-hn¨-Xv. hnizm-k-hÀj-¯n\v Hcp-¡-ambn 2011 HIvtSm-_À

11-þ\v s_\-UnIvSv ]Xn-\m-dm-a³ {]kn-²o-I-cn¨ "hnizm-k-

¯nsâ hmXnð' (Porta Fidei) Fó A¸-kvtXm-enI teJ-\-

amWv hnizm-k-hÀjm-N-c-W-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸«v h¯n-¡m³

{]kn-²o-I-cn¨ GI-k-`m-{]-t_m-[\w. hnizm-k-hÀj-¯nð

ssZhnI Zm\hpw am\p-jnI {]hr-¯n-bp-amb hnizm-ks¯

kw_-Ôn¨v k`-bpsS B[n-Im-cn-I-amb Hcp {]t_m-[\w

Dï m-I-W-saóv B{K-ln-¨-Xp-sIm- ïmWv "hnizm-k -sh-fn¨w'

Fó Nm{In-I-te-J\w X¿m-dm-¡n-b-sXóv amÀ]m¸m hyà-

am-¡pI-bp-ïm-bn. 2013 Pq¬ 29-\v hnip² ]t{Xm-kn-sâbpw

]utem-knsâbpw Xn-cp-\mÄ Zn\-¯n-emWv amÀ]m¸m Xsâ

{]Ya Nm{In-I-te-J\-¯nð H¸p-h-¨-Xv.

a\p-jy-hw-i-¯nsâ ]mX-bnð Hcp shfn-¨-ambn ssZhw Xón-cn-¡pó

hnizm-k-saó Aaq-ey\n-[n-bnð Xsâ ktlm-Z-co-k-tlm-Z-còmsc

_e-s¸-Sp-¯m³ ]t{Xm-knsâ ]n³Km-an, Cósebpw Cópw

\msfbpw Ft¸mgpw hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp-óp. (No.7)

8 9

Bap-Jhpw \mev A[ym-b-§-fp-apÅ Nm{In-I-te-J-\

-¯nse {]Ya A[ymbw hnip-²-{K-Ù-¯nse hnizm-k-N-cn-

{X-s¯-¡p-dn¨pw c ïmw A[ymbw hnizm-k-s¯bpw bpàn-

sbbpw kw_-Ôn¨pw aqóm-as¯ A[ymbw k`bn-eqsS ssI-

amäw sN¿-s¸-Spó hnizm-k-s¯-¡p-dn¨pw \memw A[ymbw

{]hr-¯n-bn-eqsS km£m-XvI-cn-¡-s¸-S-p-ó hnizm-k-s¯¡p

dn-¨pamWv {]Xn-]m-Zn-¨n-cn-¡p-ó-Xv. 60 JWvUn-I-I-fn-eqsS

hnizm-k-s¯-¡p-dn¨v ka-{K-ambn hnh-cn-¡pó "hnizm-k-

sh-fn¨w' Fó Nm{In-I-te-J-\-¯nð A¼-tXmfw B[n-

Im-cnI D²-c-Wn-I-fp-apï- v.

hnP-b-I-chpw ^e-Zm-b-I-hp-amb ss{IkvX-h-Po-hn-X-

¯n\v F{]-Im-c-amWv ss{IkvXh hnizmkw BtLm-jn-

t¡- -ïXv Fó-Xn\v Duóð \evIpó Nm{In-I-te-J\w

ssZhn-I-kp-Ir-X-amb hnizm-k-s¯-¡p-dn¨v hni-Z-ambpw

ka-{K-ambpw hnh-cWw \evIp-óp. hnizm-k-hÀj-¯nð

"hnizm-k -sh-fn¨w' \h-bp-K-¯nsâ kmaq-ly-Po-hn-X-k-c-Wn-

Isf Bßo-b-ambn {]tim-`n-¸n-¡pw. emL-h-_p-²n-tbmsS

ImWm--hpó Pohn-X¯nse Ah-Øm-hn-ti-j-añ hnizm-kw.

A\p-Zn\w _e-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw ]cn-t]m-jn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw

sNt¿ ï ssZho-I-Zm-\-am-Wv. hniz-kn-¡p-ó-h³ Fñmw

hyà-ambn ImWp-óp. hnizm-k-¯nsâ shfn¨w ssZh-

¯nð \nóv ]pd-s¸-Sp-ó-Xn-\mð AXv a\p-jym-Øn-Xz-

¯nsâ FÑm taJ-e-I-sfbpw kv]Àin-¡p-Ibpw {]Im-

i-]q-cn-X-am-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-saóv ]m¸ hyà-am¡-¡p-óp.

hnizm-k-¯nsâ {]`-h-Øm\w {InkvXp-hm-Wv. {InkvXp-

hnsâ Pohn-X-cw-K-§-fpsS KX-Im-e-kva-c-W-bnð Duón-\n-

ev¡pó hnizm-k-ssN-X-\y-amWv `mhn-Im-e-¯nsâ PohnX

N{I-hm-f-¯n-te¡v hy\-kn-¸n-t¡- -sXóv Xsâ {]Ya Nm{In-

I-te-J-\-¯n-eqsS efn-X-ambpw BÀP-h-t¯m-sSbpw {^m³

knkv ]m¸ Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-ó-Xv.

ssZhnI kpIr-X-§-fmb kvt\l-s¯-¡p-dn¨v (Deus

Caritas Est) 2005-epw {]Xym-i-sb-¡p-dn¨v (Spe Salvi) 2007-epw

s_\-UnIvSv ]Xn-\m-dm-a³ amÀ]m¸m Nm{In-I-te-J-\-§Ä

{]kn-²o-I-cn-¨n-cp-óp. s_\-UnIvSv ]Xn-\m-dm-a³ amÀ]m-

¸m-bpsS ]mc-¼cyw ]n³Xp-SÀóv ssZhnI]pWy-§-fmb

kvt\lw, {]Xymi, hnizmkw Fón-h-sb-¡p-dn-¨pÅ

k`m-{]-t_m-[-\-¯nsâ ]qÀ¯o-I-cWw IqSn-bmWv {^m³

knkv amÀ]m-¸mbpsS "hnizmk shfn¨w' Fó {]mY-anI

Nm{In-I-te-J-\w. 2013 s^{_p-hcn 28-þ\v s_\-UnIvSv

]Xn-\m-dm-a-³ amÀ]m¸m Øm\-XymKw sN¿p-t¼mÄ Cu

Nm{In-I-te-J-\-¯nsâ ]Wn-¸p-c-bn-em-bn-cp-óp. Xsâ ap³

Kman XpS-§n-h¨ hnizm-ks¯¡pdn-¨pÅ k`m-{]-t_m

-[-\-¯nsâ Ic-Sp-cq]w ]qÀ¯n-bm-¡n-sIm- mWv "hnizm-k

-sh-fn¨w' temI-¯n\v kaÀ¸n-¡p-ó-sXóv {^m³knkv

]m¸ Bap-J-¯nð kqNn-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-óp.

_lp-`m-jm-]-WvUn-X\pw tdcpw s\mhmcpw apX-epÅ

k`-bpsS {]t_m-[-\-§-fpsS hniz-kvX-hn-hÀ¯I\pw

]n.-H.-kn. ]»n-t¡-j³knsâ P\-dð FUn-ä-dp-amb dh.

tUm. tPmÀPv Ipcp-¡q-dm-Wv Nm{In-I-te-J-\-¯nsâ XÀPna

\nÀh-ln-¨n-«p-ÅXv. hnh-À¯-\-¯nsâ `mjm-]-cn-tim-[\

\S¯n Xncp-¯-ep-IÄ \evIn-bXv kmln-Xy-Im-c\pw `mjm-

]-WvUn-X-\p-amb sjh-en-bÀ tUm. {]oaqkv s]cn-tô-cn-

bm-Wv. hnhÀ¯\w aqe-Ir-Xn-bp-ambn Xmc-X-ay-s¸-Sp¯n

B[n-Im-cn-IX Dd-¸p-h-cp-¯n-bXv sIkn-_nkn ^manen

I½o-j³ sk{I-«-dnbpw Adn-b-s¸-Spó Fgp-¯p-Im-c-\p-

amb ̂ m. tPmkv tIm«-bn-epw, Adn-b-s¸-Spó ss__nÄ ]

WvUn-X\pw sIkn-_nkn ss__nÄ I½o-j³ sk{I-«-dn-

bp-amb dh. tUm. tPmjn a¿m-än-ep-am-Wv. dh. knÌÀ P\äv

F^v.-kn.-kn., {io F.-sP. Atem-jy-kv, ssS]vsk-än§v \nÀ

h-ln¨ {ioaXn A½nWn {^m³ko-kv, ap{ZWw \nÀh-ln¨

10 11

tUm¬ t_mkvtIm CKmIvSv {]kv Fón-h-tcmSpw CXnsâ

{]kn-²o-I-c-W-¯nð IS-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-óp.

k` hnizm-k-hÀjw BN-cn¡pó Ah-k-c-¯nð hnizm-

k-s¯-¡p-dn¨v hyà-hpw- ka-{K-hp-amb k`m {]-t_m-[-\-

amWv "hnizmk shfn-¨'¯neqsS shfn¨w I n-cn-¡p-ó-Xv.

ssZh-¯nsâ Zm\-amb hnizm-k-¯nð Bg-s¸-Sm\pw AXnð

\ne-\n-ev¡m\pw XoIvj-W-X-tbmsS hnizmkw ]¦p-h-bv

¡m\pw At\-IÀ¡v Cu Nm{In-I-te-J\¯nsâ ae-bm-f-

hn-hÀ¯\w {]tN-mZ-\hpw Bth-i-hp-am-Ip-sa-ó-Xnð kwi

-b-an-ñ.

tUm. Ìo^³ Be-¯d

2013 BKÌv 5 sU]yq«n sk{I-«dn P\-dð, sI.-kn.-_n.-kn

]n.H.-kn., sIm¨n-þ25. Ub-d-IvSÀ, ]n.-H.-kn. hnizm-k-s¯-¡p-dn¨v {^m³knkv ]m¸

sa{XòmÀ¡pw sshZn-IÀ¡pw Uo¡òmÀ¡pw kaÀ¸n-

XÀ¡pw Aevambm hnizm-kn-IÄ¡pw thïn Fgp-Xnb

Nm{In-I-te-J\w

1. hnizm-k- shfn¨w: A§-s\-bmWv k`-bpsS ]mc-

¼cyw tbip- sImïphó al-¯mb Zm\-s¯- hnti-jn-¸n-¡p

óXv. tbml-ómsâ kphn-tij¯nð {InkvXp- X-só¸-än-

¯só C{]-Imcw ]d-bpóp: "Fónð hniz-kn-¡p-óh-cmcpw

AÔ-Im-c-¯nð hkn-¡m-Xn-cn-t¡-ï-Xn\v Rm³ shfn-¨-

ambn temI-¯n-te¡p hón-cn-¡p-óp' (tbml 12:46). hnip²

]utemkv CtX -_nw_wXsó {]tbm-Kn-¡-pópïv: "AÔ-

Im-c-¯nð \nóp {]-Imiw DZn-¡s« Fóv Acp-fn-s¨bvX

12 13

ssZhw Xsóbm-Wv...-R-§-fpsS lrZ-b-§sf {]Im-in-¸n-

¨n-cn-¡p-óXv "(2 tImdn 4:6)

{]Im-i-¯n-\mbn AZay-ambn B{K-ln¨ hnPm-Xob-

temIw kqcy-tZ-h-s\ þ AP-¿-\mb kqcys\- þ Hmtcm Znh-

khpw {]`m-X-¯nð hnfn¨v At]-£n¨v kqcy-tZ-hm-cm-[-\

-bnð aptódn. Fómð, kqcy³ Hmtcm {]`m-X-¯nepw ]pXp-

Xmbn P\n-s¨-¦nepw apgp-h³ a\p-jym-kvXn-Xz-¯n³taepw

{]Imiw sNmcn-bm³ hyà-ambn AXn\p Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-

ónñ. kqcy³ bmYmÀ°ys¯ apgp-h\pw {]Im-in-¸n-¡-p

ón-ñ. ac-W-¯nsâ \ng-en-te¡v Xpf-¨p-I-b-dm³ AXnsâ

civan-IÄ¡p Ign-bp-Ibn-ñ. B \ng-enð a\p-jy-cpsS I®p

-IÄ kpcy-{]Imi-¯ns\Xntc AS-ªn-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. cà-

km-£n-bmb hnip² PÌn³ C§s\ Fgp-Xp-óp: "kqcy-\n-

epÅ Xsâ hnizm-k-¯n-\p-thïn acn-¡m³ Hcp-h\pw Hcn-

¡epw kó²-\m-bn-«nñ'.1

X§-fpsS ap¼nð X§-fpsS hnizmkw Xpd-ó A\-´-

hn-im-e-amb N{I-hm-f-s¯-¡p-dn¨p t_m[-ap-Å-h-cmb

{InkvXym-\n-IÄ tbip-hns\ "Poh³ \evIpó civan-I-

fpÅ'2 bYmÀ° kpcy-\mbn Iïv Ahn-Ss¯ hnfn-¨-t]-

£n¨p. Xsâ ktlm-Z-c-\mb emk-dnsâ ac-W-s¯tbm

À¯p hne]n-¡pó aÀ¯-tbmSv tbip ]dªp: "hniz

-kn-¨mð \o ssZh-a-l¯zw ZÀin-¡p-saóv Rm³ \ntómSp

]d-ªntñ?' (tbml 11:40). hniz-kn-¡p-óhÀ ImWpóp;

X§-fpsS apgp-h³ bm{X-sbbpw {]Im-in-¸n¡pó Hcp

shfn¨w-sImïv ImWp-óp. Imc-Ww, B {]Imiw D°n-

X-\mb {InkvXp-hnð \nóv þ Hcn-¡epw AkvX-an-¡m¯

{]`m-X-\-£-{X-¯nð \nóv þ hc-p-óXm-Wv.

anYy-bmb shfn¨tam?

2.- F-ómepw hnizm-k shfn¨s¯-¡p-dn¨p ]d-bp-t¼mÄ

\½psS ka-Im-eo-\-cnð At\-I-cpsS FXnÀ¸p-IÄ \ap¡p

an¡-hmdpw tIÄ¡mw. hfÀ¨ {]m]n¨Xpw bpàn-hn-Nm-c-

¯nð Al-¦-cn-¡p-óXpw `mhn-sb-¡p-dn¨v ]pXnb amÀK-

§-fn-eqsS At\z-jWw \S-¯p-óXpamb B[p-\nI a\p-

jy-Ip-ew, B shfn¨w ]g-b-Im-es¯ kaq-l-§Ä¡v

am{Xw aXn-bm-Ip-óXmbpw Cós¯ temI-¯n\v AXv D]-

tbm-K-iq-\y--ambpw IcpXp-óp. A§s\ NneÀ¡v hnizmkw

anYym-shfn¨-ambn tXmóp-óp. Adn-hn-\m-bpÅ At\z-j-

W-¯n\p [oc-X-tbmsS ]pd-s¸-Sp-óXnð \nóv a\p-jy-

hÀKs¯ AXv XS-bp-óXmbn tXmóp-óp. bphm-hmb \oäv

tj Xsâ ktlm-Z-cn- Fen-k-_-¯n-s\ A]-I-S-km-[y-X-

IÄ Gsä-Sp-¡m\pw "kz´w hgn Isï-t¯-ï-Xn-\pÅ

XnIª A\nÝnX-Xz-t¯msS ]pXn-b- hgnIfnð kô-

cn-¡m\pw' t{]mÕm-ln-¸n-¨p. AbmÄ XpSÀóp ]dªp:

"Chn-sS-bmWv a\p-jy-hÀK-¯nsâ ]mX-IÄ th-dn-Sp-óXv:

\n\¡v Bßob kam-[m-\hpw kt´m-jhpw thW-sa-¦nð

hniz-kn-¡p-I.- F-ómð kXys¯ A\p-K-an-¡m³ B{K-ln-

¡p-óps-ï-¦nð At\z-jn-¡p-I.'3 hnizmkhpw At\z-j-

Whpw s]mcp-¯-s¸«p t]mIn-ñt{X. ChnsS -\n-ómWv \oäv

tj {InkvXp-a-X-hn-aÀi\w hnI-kn-¸n-¨-Xv: {InkvXp-aXw

a\p-jym-kvXn-Xz-¯nsâ ]qÀW-amb AÀ°w Ipd-bv¡p-

Ibpw Pohn-X-¯nð \nóv \ho-\-Xbpw kml-kn-I-Xbpw

Dcnªp-I-f-bp-Ibpw sN¿p-óp. A§s\ hnizmkw anYy-

bmb shfn¨-am-bncn-¡p-óp; kzX-{´-am-¡-s¸« a\p-jy-hw-

i-¯n\v `mhn-bn-te-¡pÅ hgn XS-bpó anYy-.

3. Cu {]{In-b-bnð hnizmks¯ AÔ-Im-c-hpambn _Ôn-

¸n-¡m-\n-S-bm-bn. bpàn-bpsS shfn-¨-¯n-\-cntI Øm\w

14 15

\evIn hnizm-k-s¯ c£n-¡m³ NneÀ ]cn-{i-an-¨-p-. bpàn-

bpsS shfn-¨-¯n\p ISóp- sNñm³ Ign-bm-¯n-S-s¯-ñmw,

kp\n-Ýn-XXzw km[y-a-ñm-¯n-S-s¯-ñmw, A¯-c-samcp

Øm\-w \evIp-I-bp-ïmbn. A§s\ hnizmkw shfn¨-

an-ñm¯t¸mÄ \S-t¯-ïXpw AÔ-amb hnIm-c-¯mð {]

tNm-Z-n-Xhp-amb Ccp-fn-te-¡pÅ Hcp IpXn-¨p-Nm-«-ambn a\-

Ên-em-¡-s¸-«p. Asñ-¦nð Hcp-]t£ lrZ-b-¯n\p NqSp]

I-cm³ Ign-hp-ÅXpw hyàn-]-c-amb Bizmkw \evIm³

Ign-bp-óXp-amb hyàn-\n-jvT-amb Hcp {]Im-i-ambn Icp-

X-s¸-«p. ]t£, B {]Im-is¯ hgn ImWn¨p sImSp-¡m³

Ign-bpó hkvXp-\n-jvThpw ]¦p-h-bv¡-s¸-«-Xp-amb shfn-

¨-ambn aäp-Å-hÀ¡v \nÀt±-in-¨p-sIm-Sp-¡m³ Ign-bpI-bnñ.

kzbwimkn-X-amb bpàn-bpsS shfn¨w `mhnsb {]Im-in-

¸n-¡m³ aXn-bm-bXv Asñóvv kmh-[m-\-¯n-em-sW-¦nepw

XoÀ¨-bmbpw hyà-am-Ipw. bpàn-bpsS shfn¨w am{X-ta-

bp-Åq-sh-¦nð BXy-ń-I-ambn `mhn Ccp-ïXpw AÚm-

X-am-b-Xns\-¡p-dn-¨pÅ kw{`mń \nd-ª-Xpambn \ne-

sIm-Åpw. AXnsâ ê-ambn a\p-jy-hwiw al-¯mb

Hcp shfn¨-¯n-\p-th-ïn-bpÅ, \nXy-k-Xy-¯n\pthïn-

¯sóbpÅ At\z-jWw Dt]-£n-¨v £Wn-I-amb \nan-

js¯ {]Im-in-¸n-¡p-óXpw Fómð hgn ImWn-¡m³ Ai-

à-hp-amb sNdnb Zo]-§ÄsImïp Xr]vXn-s¸-Sm³ {ian-¨p.

Fómð, hnizmk shfn-¨-¯nsâ A`m-h-¯nð Fñmw

Ipg-ªp-a-dn-ª-Xm-bn-¯o-cpóp. \òsb Xnò-bnð \ntóm

\½psS e£y-¯n-te-¡pÅ ]mXsb Hcn-S¯pw F¯n-t¨-

cm-¯-hn[w -hnjahr-¯-¯nem-¡pó aäp- h-gn-I-fnð \ntóm

thÀXn-cn¨p ]d-bpI AXv Akm-[y-am-¡póp.

hosï-Spt¡ï shfn¨w

4. AXp-sImïv hnizmkw Hcp- sh-fn-¨-am-sWó hkvXpX

hosï-Sp¡pI-sb-óXv Hcp ASn-b-ń-cm-h-iy-am-Wv. Fs´-

ómð hnizm-k-am-Ipó Pzme- AW-ªp-t]m-bmð aäp shfn-

¨-§-sfñmw a§n-¯p-S-§pw. hnizm-k- shfn¨w A\-\y-am-

Wv. Imc-Ww, a\p-jym-kvXn-Xz-¯nsâ Hmtcm- h-i-s¯bpw

{]Im-in-¸n-¡m³ AXn\p Ign-bpw. C{Xam{Xw ià-amb

Hcp shfn¨w \½nð \nóp Xsó Dïm-hp-I-bn-ñ. IqSp-Xð

BZn-aamb Hcp Dd-hn-S-¯nð \ntó AXv Dïm-hp-I-bp-Åq.

Hä-hm-¡nð ]d-ªmð, AXp ssZh-¯nð \nóp hc-Ww.

\s½ hnfn-¡p-óh\pw Xsâ kvt\lw \ap¡p shfn-

s¸-Sp-¯n-¯-cp-óh-\p-amb kPo-h-\mb ssZh-hp- a-mb-

pÅ Iïp-ap-«-enð \nómWv hnizmkw P\n-¡p-óXv. B

kvt\lw \ap¡p apt¼ DÅ-Xm-Wv. kpc£n-X-Xz-¯n-\p-

th-ïnbpw \½psS Pohn-Xs¯ ]Sp-¯p-bÀ¯p-óXn-\p-

th-ïnbpw AXns\ \ap¡v B{ibn-¡m-hp-óXm-Wv. Cu

hnizm-k-¯mð cq]m-´-c-s¸-«-h-cm-Ip-t¼mÄ \ap¡v ]pXnb

ZÀi\w e`n-¡pw, ImWm³ ]pXnb I®p-I-fp-ïm-Ipw.

km£m-XvIm-c-¯nsâ henb hmKv-Zm\w AXnð DÄs¡m-

ïn-cn-¡p-óp-sh-ópw \mw a\-Ên-em-¡pw. \½psS ap¼nð

`mhn-sb-¸-änbpÅ Hcp ho£Ww Xpd-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN¿pw.

AXn-kzm-`m-hnI Zm\-sa-ó \n-e-bnð ssZh-¯nð \nóp

\mw kzo-I-cn-¡pó hnizmkw ka-b-¯n-eq-sS-bpÅ \½psS

bm{Xsb \bn-¨psImïv \½psS hgn-bnð shfn¨-a-mbn-¯o-

cpw. Hcp-h-i-¯v, AXv `qX- Im-e-¯p-\nóp hcpó shfn-

¨-am-Wv. tbip-hnsâ Pohn-X-¯nsâ ASnØm\-]-c-amb

kvac-W-bpsS shfn-¨-am-Wv. B PohnXw XnI¨pw hnizm-

ky-amb Ahn-Ss¯ kvt\ls¯ shfn-s¸-Sp-¯n-b-Xm-Wv.

ac-W-¯nsâ tað hnPbw hcn-¡m³ Ign-bpó kvt\lw-

X-sóbmWXv. Fómepw {InkvXp DbnÀ¡p-Ibpw \s½

ac-W-¯n-\-¸p-d-t¯¡p \bn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-óXp-sImïv

hnizmkw `mhn-bnð \nóp-h-cpó shfn-¨-hp-am-Wv. \½psS

16 17

Hä-s¸« hyàn-Xz-§Ä¡v- A-¸p-d-t¯¡v þ Iq«m-bva-bpsS

hnim-e-X-bn-te¡v þ \bn-¡p-ó hnkvXr-X-amb N{I-hm-f-

§sf \½psS ap¼nð Xpd-ón-Sp-óXp--am-Wv.

hnizmkw \ng-enepw ¾m\-X-bnepw hkn-¡p-ón-sñóp

\mw ImWp-óp. AXv \½psS Ccp-«n-\pÅ shfn-¨am-Wv.

Zmt´ Unssh³ tImaUn Fó almImhy-¯nð hnip²

]t{Xm-kn-t\mSv Xsâ hnizmkw Gäp-]-d-ªn«v B shfn-

¨s¯ C§s\ hnhn-cn-¡póp: "{ItaW I¯pó Pzme-

bm-bn-¯o-cp-óXpw AXv kzÀKo-b-\-£-{Xw-t]mse Fsâ-

bp-Ånð anón-{]-Im-in-¨p-sIm-ïn-cn-¡p-óXpamb Hcp

kv^penw-Kw'.4 Cu hnizm-k- shfn¨amWv Rm\n-t¸mÄ ]

cnNn´\w sN¿m³ B{K-ln-¡p-óXv. a\p-jy-hw-i-¯n\v

{]tXy-I-amw-hn[w shfn¨w Bh-iy-am-bn-cn-¡p-ó C¡m-

e¯vv AXp \½psS bm{X-bpsS N{I-hm-fs¯ tim`m-]

qÀW-am-¡pó Hcp \£-{X-am-bn-¯oÀó,v hfÀ¨ {]m]n¨v,

hÀ¯-am-\-Im-es¯ {]tim-`n-X-am-¡Ww.

5. {InkvXp Xsâ ]oUm-k-l-\-¯nsâ Xte-Zn-hkw ]t{Xm-

kn\v C§s\ Dd-¸p-sIm-Sp¯p: "\nsâ hnizmkw £bn-¡m-

Xn-cn-¡m³ Rm³ \n\-¡p-thïn {]mÀ°n-¨p' (eq¡m 22-:32).

Fón«v AtX hnizm-k-¯nð Ahsâ ktlm-Z-co-k-tlm-

Z-còmsc _e-s¸-Sp-¯m³ Ahn-Sóv ]t{Xm-kn-t\mSp ]

dªp. ]t{Xm-knsâ ]n³Km-ansb `c-ta-ev]n¨ IS-a-sb-¸än

t_m[-hm-\mbn s_\-UnIvSv ]Xn-\m-dm-a³ Ct¸m-gs¯

"hnizm-k-hÀjw' {]Jym-]n-¨p. AXv Ir]-bpsS Hcp Ime-am-

Wv. hniz-kn-¡p-óXn-epÅ henb kt´mjw A\p-`-hn-¨-dn-

bm\pw hnizmkw \½psS ap¼nð Xpd-ón-Spó hnim-e-amb

N{I-hmfw Iïv \½psS hnkva-bs¯ ]pXp-¡m\pw B

hnizmkw AXnsâ GI-Xz-¯nepw ka-{K-X-bnepw Gäp-]-

d-bm\pw AXp klm-bn-¡p-óp. IÀ¯rkvac-W-tbm-SpÅ

hniz-kvX-X-tbmsSbpw Ahn-Ss¯ kmón-[y-¯mepw ]cn-

ip-²m-ßm-hnsâ {]hÀ¯-\-¯mepw \ne-\n-dp¯-s¸«pamWv

CXp km[n-¡p-óXv.

Pohn-X-¯n\p al-¯zhpw km£m-XvIm-chpw sImïp-

h-cp-óXpw {InkvXp-hnepw Ahn-Ss¯ Ir]m-h-c-¯nsâ

iàn-bnepw tI{µo-I-cn-¨n-cn-¡p-óXp-amb hnizm-k-¯nð

\nóp hcpó t_m[yw BZna {InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS t{]jn-X-

Zu-Xys¯ {]tNm-Zn-¸n-¨p.

cà-km-£n-I-fpsS {]hr-¯n-I-fnð, tdma³ {]os^-

IvSmb dpkvXn-¡qkpw lntb-dmIvkv Fó t]cpÅ Hcp

ss{IkvX-h\pw X½nð \Só Xmsg-¡m-Wpó kwh-

mZw \mw hmbn-¡póp: "Fhn-sS-bmWv \nsâ amXm-]n-Xm-

¡òmÀ Fóv PUvPn cà-km-£n-tbmSv tNmZn-¨p'. AbmÄ

C§s\ D¯cw ]dªp: "R§-fpsS bYmÀ° ]nXmhv

{InkvXp BWv. R§-fpsS A½ Ahn-SónepÅ hnizm-k-

am-Wv'5 B BZna ss{IkvX-hÀ¡v {InkvXp-hnð shfn-hm-

b kPo-h-ssZh-hp-am-bpÅ Hcp Iïp-ap-«-seó \ne-bn-ð

hnizmkw XoÀ¨-bmbpw Hcp A½ Bbn-cp-óp. Imc-Ww,

AXv Ahsc shfn-¨-¯n-te¡p sImïp hóp, Ah-cp-sSb-

pÅnð ssZhn-I-Po-h³ P\n-¸n-¨p. Cu \hym-\p-`-h-¯n\

pw AkvXn-Xz-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pÅ Zo]vX-amb ZÀi\¯n\pw

thïn Ah-km-\w-hsc ]c-ky-ambn km£yw hln-¡m³

AhÀ kó²-cm-bn-cp-óp.

6. cïmw h¯n-¡m³ Iu¬kn-ensâ Bcw-`-¯nsâ

A¼Xmw hmÀjn-I-¯n-emWv "hnizm-k-hÀjw' DZvLmS\w

sN¿-s¸-«-Xv. cïmw h¯n-¡m³ Iu¬knð hnizm-ks¯

kw_-Ôn-¨p-Å-Xm-bn-cpóp FóXnsâ hyà-amb kqN-\-

bm-WnXv-.6 k`-sbó \ne-bnepw hyàn-I-sfó \ne-bnepw

\½psS Pohn-X-¯nsâ tI{µ-¯nð {InkvXp-hnð ssZh-¯n-\

pÅ {]mYayw ]p\x-Øm-]n-¡m³ AXv Bh-iy-s¸-«-tñm.

18 19

k` hnizm-ks¯ Hcn-¡epw eLp-hmbn ImWp-ón-ñ. ]nsó

tbm Cu ssZh-Zm\w Xsâ bm{Xm-amÀK-¯nð, Xsó XpS-

Àóp \bn-¨p-sIm-ïn-cn-¡m³, AXns\ t]mjn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw

hoïpw iàn-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw sN¿-W-saóv k` Adn-bp-

óp. \½psS Ime-L-«-¯nse kv{Xo]p-cp-jòm-tcmSv Ah-

cpsS bm{X-bnð kl-Ncn¨p-sImïv hnizm-k- sh-fn¨w

\½psS am\p-jn-Im-\p-`-hs¯ DÅnð \nóp {]Im-in-¸n-

¡m³ cïmw h¯n-¡m³ Iu¬knð CS-bm¡n. Pohn-

Xs¯ AXnsâ Fñm am\-§-fnepw hnizmkw F§s\

k¼-óam¡pópshóv AXv hyà-ambn ImWn-¡p-Ibpw

sNbvXp.

7. kvt\l-s¯-¡p-dn¨pw {]Xym-i-sb-¡p-dn¨pw s_\-

UnIvSv ]Xn-\m-dm-a³ Xsâ Nm{In-I-te-J-\-§-fnð Fgp-

Xn-bn-«p-Å-htbmSv hnizm-k-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pÅ Cu hnNn-

´-\§ÄþCu ssZhnI ]pWy-s¯-¡p-dn¨v k`-bpsS {]

t_m-[-\m-[n-Imcw {]Jym-]n-¨n-«pÅ Fñm-än-sâbpw XpSÀ¨-

bnð7 Iq«n-t¨À¡m-\mWv Dt±-in-¡p-óXv. At±lwXsó

hnizm-k-s¯-¡p-dn-¨p-Å Nm{In-I-te-J-\-¯nsâ BZys¯

Ic-Sp-cq]w an¡-hmdpw ]qÀ¯n-bm-¡n-bn-cn-¡p-óp. C¡m-cy-

¯nð Rm³ At±-l-t¯mSp AKm-[-amb IrX-Ú-X-bp-

Å-h-\m-Wv. {InkvXp-hnð At±-l-¯nsâ ktlm-Z-c-s\ó

\ne-bnð Rm³ At±l¯nsâ kpµ-c-amb cN\ Gsä-Sp-

¡p-Ibpw kz´-ambn Nne-sXñmw Iq«n-t¨À¡p-IbpamWv

sNbvXncn-¡p-óXv. a\p-jy-hw-i-¯nsâ ]mX-bnð Hcp

shfn-¨-ambn ssZhw Xón-cn-¡pó hnizm-k-saó Aaq-

ey\n-[n-bnð Xsâ ktlm-Z-co-k-tlm-Z-còmsc _e-s¸-Sp-

¯m³ ]t{Xm-knsâ ]n³Km-an, Cósebpw Cópw \msfb-

pw Ft¸mgpw hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp-óp.

AXn-kzm-`m-hnI \nth-inX ]pWy-amb hnizm-k-saó

ssZh-Zm-\-¯nð al-¯mb kvt\lw \ap¡p \evI-s¸-«n-

cn-¡p-óp-shópw Hcp \ñ hm¡v \t½mSp ]d-b-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-

ópshópw B hm¡ns\ þ hN\w amwk-amb tbip-{In-

kvXp-hns\ þ \mw kzmKXw sN¿pt¼mÄ ]cn-ip-²mßmhp

\s½ cq]m-´-c-s¸-Sp-¯p-ópshópw `mhn-bn-te-¡pÅ

\½psS hgn-bnð {]Imiw sNcn-bp-ópshópw {]Xym-i-

bpsS NndInð kt´m-j-]qÀÆw B hgntb aptódm³ \

s½ ià-cm-¡p--ópshópw \mw a\-Ên-em-¡p-óp. A§s\

ss{IkvX-h-Po-hnXw ssZh-hp-a-mbpÅ k¼qÀW-amb

sFIy-¯nte¡p aptódp-t¼mÄ hnizm-kw, {]Xymi,

kvt\lw Fónh hnkva-b-I-c-ambn Cg-tNÀóv {]tNm-Z-I-

i-àn-bm-bn-¯o-cp-óp. Fómð hnizmkw \½psS ap¼nð

Xpd-óp-X-cpó Cu ]mX F§-s\-bp-Å-XmWv? hnP-b-I-

chpw k^e--hp-amb Pohn-X-¯n-\pÅ bm{Xsb {]Im-i-]qÀ

Wam-¡pó kpi-à-amb Cu {]Im-i-¯nsâ DXv]-¯n-sb-

´mWv?

20 21

hyàn-]-c-ambn \t½mSv CS-s]-Spó Hcp hN-\-t¯m-SpÅ þ

\s½ t]cp sNmñn hnfn-¡pó -"A-hn-S-t¯m-SpÅ'

\½psS {]Xyp-¯-c-amWv hnizm-kw. (No. 8)

A{_mlw: hnizm-k-¯nð \½psS ]nXmhv

8. hnizmkw \½psS ap¼nð hgn Xpd-¡p-Ibpw Ime-

¯n-eq-sS-bpÅ \½psS Imðhbv]pI-tfmsSm¸w kô-cn-

¡p-Ibpw sN¿póp. AXp-sIm-ïv, hnizmkw F´m-sWóv

a\-Ên-em-¡m³ \½Ä B{K-ln-¡p-óp-sï-¦nð AXnsâ

kôm-c-]-Yw, hniz-mkn-IÄ kô-cn¨ hgn,- \mw ]n³sN-

ñWw. AXv ]gb \nb-a-¯nð BZyta km£y-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn

«pïtñm þ hnizm-k-¯nð \½psS ]nXm-hmb A{_m-l-

¯n\v ChnsS AXp-ey-amb Øm\-ap-ïv. At±-l-¯nsâ

Pohn-X-¯nð Akz-Ø-X-bp-ïm-¡pó Hcp kw`-h-ap-ïm-

\mw kvt\l-¯nð

hniz-kn¨ncn-¡póp(cf 1 tbml 4:16)

22 23

Ipóp: ssZhw At±-l-t¯mSp kwkm-cn-¡p-óp; kwkm-cn-

¡p-Ibpw t]cp-hn-fn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pó Hcp ssZh-a-mbn Ahn

-Sóv kzbw shfn-s¸-Sp-¯p-óp.

hnizmkw tIÄhn-tbmSp _Ô-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-óp. A{_mlw

ssZhs¯ ImWpón-ñ. ]t£, Ahn-Ss¯ kzcw tIÄ

¡p-óp. A§s\ hnizmkw hyàn-]-c-amb Hcp Xew kzoI-cn-

¡p-óp. ssZhw Hcp {]tXyI- Ø-e-¯nsâ tZh-\-ñ; khn-

ti-j-amb Hcp ka-b-t¯m-Sp- _-Ô-s¸-«n-cn-¡pó Hcp tZh-

X-bpañ. ]nsótbm, -hyàn-bpsS ssZh-a-mWv; A{_m-l

-¯n-sâbpw Ck-l-m¡n-sâbpw bmt¡m-_n-sâbpw ssZh

-amWv. a\p-jy-t\mSp {]Xn-I-cn-¡m\pw a\p-jy-\p-ambn Hcp

DS-¼Sn Øm]n-¡m\pw Ign-hp-Å-h-\m-Wv, Ahn-Só.v hyàn-

]-c-ambn \t½mSv CS-s]-Spó Hcp hN-\-t¯m-SpÅ þ \s½

t]cp sNmñn hnfn-¡pó -"A-hn-S-t¯m-SpÅ' \½psS {]Xyp-

¯-c-amWv hnizm-kw.

9.- A-{_m-l-t¯mSp ]d-b-s¸« hN\w Hcp hnfnbpw

hmKvZm-\hpw DÄs¡m-Åp-óp-ïv. Hóm-a-Xmbn, At±-l-

¯nsâ kz´w \mSv Dt]-£n-¡m-\pÅ hnfn-bm-W-Xv;

]pXnb Hcp Pohn-X-¯n-te-¡pÅ HutZym-KnI hnfn, ap³Iq«n

ImWm³ Ign-bm¯ Hcp `mhnsb Nqïn-¡m-Wn-¡pó Hcp

]pd-¸m-Snsâ XpS-¡-w-. hnizmkw A{_m-l-¯n\p \evIpó

ImgvN Ft¸mgpw Hcp-]Sn aptóm«p hbv¡p-óXnsâ Bh-

iy-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸-«n-cn-¡póp: bm{X sN¿p-ón-S-t¯mfw

hnizmkw "ImWp-óp'; ssZh-¯nsâ hN\w Xpd-óp- X-cpó

N{I-hmf§-fn-te¡p {]th-in-¡m³ Xocp-am-\n-¡p-óX-\p-

k-cn¨v hnizmkw "ImWp-óp'. Cu hN\w Hcp hmKvZm-\w

IqSn DÄs¡m-Åp-ópïv: \nsâ k´-Xn-IÄ kwJy-bnð

hep-Xm-bn-cn-¡pw, \o hen-sbmcp P\-X-bpsS ]nXm-hm-bn-

¯ocpw (cf DXv] 13:16; 15:5; 22:17). -apt¼ Dïmb hN-\t¯m-

SpÅ {]Xyp-¯-c-saó \nebnð

A{_m-l-¯nsâ hnizmkw F

t¸mgpw kvac-W-bpsS Hcp IÀa

ambncn¡pw. Fómð, Cu kva

cW `qX-Im-e-kw-̀ -h-§-fnð am

{Xw HXp-§p-óXñ, adn¨v Hcp

hmKvZm-\-¯nsâ kvac-W-sbó

\ne-bnð, Ncnt¡ï hgn-bnð

shfn¨w hoin-s¡mïv `mhnsb

Xpd-ónSm³ AXv {]m]vX-am-bn-

¯o-cp-óp. A§s\ ̀ mhn-sb-¡p-

dn-¨pÅ kvacW (memoria futuri)

sbó \ne-bnð hnizmkw F

§s\ {]Xym-i-bp-ambn Ah

-KmVw _Ô-s -̧«n-cn-¡p-óp-sh-óv

\mw ImWp-óp.

10. Cu hN\¯n\v Xsó

¯só kaÀ¸n-¡m\mWv A{_m-

lt¯mSv ssZhw Bh-iy-s¸-

«Xv. Gsd D]-cn-¹hhpw £WnI-

hp-saóp tXmópó Hcp hN\w

hniz-kvXX- Xsóbmb ssZh-

¯mð ]d-b-s¸-Sp-t¼mÄ kp\n-

Ýn-Xhpw AN-ô-e-hp-ambn¯o

cp-óp-shóv hnizmkw a\-Ên-

em-¡p-óp. Ncn-{X-¯n-eq-sS-bpÅ

\½psS bm{X-bpsS XpSÀ¨bv¡v

CXv Dd-̧ p -\evIp-Ibpw sN¿p-óp.

\½psS ]Sp-̄ p-bÀ¯ensâ ASn-

Øm-\- Dd-¸pÅ ]mdbmbpw

"ssZh-¯nepw

Ahn-Ss¯

hmKvZm-\-§-fnepw

hniz-kn-¡p-t¼mÄ

a\p-jy³

hniz-kvX-\m-Wv;

Xm³ hmKvZm\w

sNbvXXv a\p-jy\p

\evIp-t¼mÄ

ssZhw

hniz-kvX-\m-Wv'.

hnip² AKÌn³

(AD 354 - AD 430)

24 25

\ap¡p kô-cn-¡m-hpó t\tc-bpÅ cmP-ho-Yn-bmbpw Cu

hN-\s¯ hnizmkw kzoI-cn-¡p-óp.

ss__n-fnð hnizm-k-sa-óXn\v lo{_p-`m-j-bnð Fap-\

FómWp ]d-bp-óXv. "DbÀ¯n-¸n-Sn-¡pI' FóÀ°-apÅ

Hcp [mXp-hnð \nóp-ïm-Ipó Aam³ Fó {Inb-bnð

\nómWv B hm¡p-ïm-Ip-óXv. Fap-\m Fó ]Z-¯n\v

ssZh-¯nsâ hniz-kvX-X-sbbpw a\p-jysâ hnizm-k-

s¯bpw kqNn-¸n-¡m³ Ign-bpw. hniz-kvX-\mb ssZh-

¯nsâ ssII-fnð kzbw kaÀ¸n-¨p-sImïv hnizm-k-

¯nsâ a\p-jy³ iàn k¼m-Zn-¡p-óp. Cu hm¡n-\pÅ

Cc« AÀ°w CXn\p Xpey-amb ]nkvt¯mkv Fó {Ko¡p

hm¡n\pw ^ntZ-enkv Fó e¯o³ hm¡n-\p-ap-ïv. Cu

hm¡nsâ ZzbmÀ°w [z\n¸n-¨p-sImïv Pdp-k-se-anse

hnip² kndnÄ ssZh-¯nsâ kz´w t]cp kzoI-cn-¡pó

ss{IkvX-hsâ t{ijv--T-Xsb {]iw-kn-¡póp. cïp-t]cpw

"hniz-kvX³' Fóp hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp-óp.8 hnip² BK-kvXo-

t\mkv C§s\ hni-Zo-I-cn-¡póp: "ssZh-¯nepw Ahn-

Ss¯ hmKvZm-\-§-fnepw hniz-kn-¡p-t¼mÄ a\p-jy³ hniz-

kvX-\m-Wv; Xm³ hmKvZm\w sNbvXXv a\p-jy\p \evIp-

t¼mÄ ssZhw hniz-kvX-\m-Wv'.9

11. A{_m-l-¯nsâ Ncn-{X-¯nse A´n-a- LSIw At±-

l-¯nsâ hnizmkw a\-Ên-em-¡p-óXn\v kp{]-[m-\-am-Wv.

ssZh-¯nsâ hN\w \ho-\-Xbpw hnkva-bhpw P\n-¸n¡p-

t¼mgpw A{_m-l-¯nsâ A\p-`-h-¯n\v AXv H«pw A\y-

a-ñ. Xsâ AkvXn-Xz-¯nsâ AI¡m-¼nð kZm- k-ón-ln-

X-am-bn-cpó AKm-[-amb Hcp hnfn-sb, XtómSp kwkm

-cn-¡pó ssZh-¯nsâ i_vZ-¯nð B ]qÀh]nXmhv Xncn-¨-

dn-ªp. "hmKvZm\ ]qÀWXm' \nd-hmbn Ft¸mgpw ]cnKWn

¡-s¸-«n-«pÅ, ]pXpPohnXs¯ P\n-¸n-¡pó amXrXz]nXr-

Xz-saó a\p-jy-Po-hn-XXe-hp-ambn ssZhw Xsâ hmKvZm-\

s¯ _Ôn-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-óp. "\nsâ ̀ mcy- kmdm Xsó \n\¡v

Hcp ]p{Xs\ {]k-hn-¡pw. \o Ahs\ Ck-lm¡v Fóp

t]cp hnfn¡pw"(DXv] 17:19). A{_m-l-t¯mSv k¼qÀW

hniz-kvXX Bh-iy-s¸-Spó ssZhw Fñm Poh-sâbpw Dd-

hn-S-ambn Xsó¯só shfn-s¸-Sp-¯p-óp.

A§s\ hnizmkw kIe krjvSn-Pm-e-§-Ä¡pw Akv

XnXzw \evIpó ssZh-¯nsâ ]nXr-Xz-hp-ambn tImÀ¯nW-

¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-óp. A{_m-ls¯ hnfn-¡pó ssZhw {kjv

Sm-hm-Wv; "AkvXn-Xz-anñm¯ hkvXp-¡sf AkvXn-Xz-¯n-

te¡p hnfn-¡pó'h-\m-Wv (tdmam 4:17). "temI-Øm-]-\-¯n-

\p-ap-¼p-Xsó \s½ Xnc-sª-Sp-¡p-Ibpw \mw Xsâ ]p{X-

cmbn Zs¯-Sp-¡-s¸-S-W-saóv ap³Iq«n \nÝ-bn-¡p-Ibpw'

(Ft^ 1:4þ5) sNbvX-h-\m-Wv. A{_m-ls¯ kw_-Ôn-¨n-S-

t¯mfw ssZh-¯n-epÅ hnizmkw At±-l-¯nsâ AkvXn-

Xz-¯nsâ AKm-[-X-e-§-fn-te¡p shfn¨w hoip-óp. \ò-

bpsS Dd-hsb kIe hkvXp-¡-fp-sSbpw {]`h¯n-ð

Xncn-¨-dn-bm³ AXv At±-ls¯ {]m]vX-\m-¡p-óp. Xsâ

PohnXw AkvXn-Xz-c-mln-Xy¯nsâtbm BI-kvan-I-X-bp

-sStbm DXv]-óa-ñ. adn-¨v, hyàn-]-c-amb Hcp hnfn-bp-

sSbpw hyàn-]-c-amb kvt\l-¯n-sâbpw ^e-am-sWóv

Xncn-¨-dn-bm³ AXp At±-ls¯ ià-\m-¡p-óp.

At±-ls¯ hnfn¨ \nKq-V-\mb ssZhw A\y-\mb Hcp

ssZh-a-ñ; ]nsótbm AkvXn-Xz-apÅ kI-e-¯n-sâbpw

Dd-hn-Shpw Bew-_hp-am-Wv. A{_m-l-¯n-sâ hnizm-kw-

t\cn« Aán]co£ þ Xsâ ]p{X³ Ck-lm-¡ns\

_en-bÀ¸n-¡-W-saóXv þ ac-W-¯n-\-¸p-d-¯p-t]mepw

Poh³ Dd-¸p-h-cp-¯m³ Ign-hpÅ Cu BZn-a-kvt\-l-

¯nsâ hnkvXrXn hyà-ambn ImWn¡póp: "arX{]mb

26 27

-\mb' Hcp-h\v kmdm-bpsS KÀ`-]m-{X-¯nsâ "hÔy-X-bnð'

(cf tdmam 4:19) ]p{Xs\ DbÀ¯m³ Ign-bpó hm¡n\v Fñm

`oj-Wn¡pw A]-I-S-¯n\pw AXo-X-am-bn- Hcp ̀ mhn-sb-¡p-

dn-¨pÅ Ahn-Ss¯ hmKvZm-\-t¯mSp hniz-kvXX ]peÀ

¯m\pw BIpw (cf sl{_m 11:19; tdmam 4:21).

C{kmtb-ensâ hnizmkw

12. ]pd-¸m-Sp {KÙ-¯nð ImWpó C{km-tbð P\-X-

bpsS Ncn{Xw A{_m-l-¯nsâ hnizmk¯nsâ hgn ]nsô

ñp-óp. hnizmkw hoïpw BZnaZm\-¯nð \nóp P\n-

¡p-óp: Xsâ P\-Xsb Ah-cpsS Zpcn-X-¯nð \nóp kzX-

{´-cm¡p-saóp hmKvZm\w sN¿pó ssZh¯nð C{km-

tbð B{i-bn-¡p-óp. kpZoÀL-amb Hcp bm{X-bv¡pÅ

hnfn-bm-bn-¯o-cpóp hnizm-kw. B bm{X ko\mbv ae-bnð

h¨v IÀ¯m-hns\ Bcm-[n-¡póXnte¡pw hmKvZ-¯-`q-an-

bpsS Ah-Im-i-e-_v[n-bn-te¡pw \bn-¡pó Hóm-Wv. bm{X

-bnð Xsâ inip-hns\ hln-¨p- sIm-ïp-t]m-Ipó ]nXm-

hn-sâ kvt\lw t]msebmWv ssZh-kvt\-lw (cf \n-bam

1:31). C{km-tbð P\-X-bpsS hnizm-k¯nsâ Gäp-]-d-¨nð

Xsâ P\s¯ kzX-{´-cm-¡p-Ibpw AhcpsS hgn-Im-«n-

bmbn hÀ¯n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pó ssZh-¯nsâ {]hÀ¯-\-

§-fpsS hnh-c-W-ambn, Hcp Xe-apdbnð\nóv ASp¯ X-e-

ap-dbnte¡v ssIam-äw sN¿pó Hómbn, C{km-tb-ensâ

hnizm-k-{]-Jym-]\w cq]w sImÅpw (cf \n-bam 26:5-11).

amXm-]n-Xm-¡òmcnð \nóv AXv Ip«n-I-fn-te¡p ssI-

am-äw- sN¿-s¸-Sp-Ibpw Bcm-[-\-bnð A\p-kva-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-

Ibpw BtLm-jn-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN¿pó IÀ¯mhnsâ

ià-amb {]hr¯n-I-fp-sS- kvacWbn-eq-sS-bmWv ssZh-

¯nsâ shfn¨w C{km-tb-en-\mbn {]Im-in-¡p-óXv. hnizm-

k-sh-fn¨w aqÀ¯-amb Pohn-X-I-Y-I-tfmSpw ssZh-¯nsâ

ià-amb {]hr-¯n-I-sf-¡p-dn¨pw Ahn-Ss¯ hmKvZm-\-

§-fpsS {Iam-\p-K-X-amb ]qÀ¯o-I-c-W-s¯-¡p-dn-¨p-apÅ

IrX-Ú-Xm-\nÀ`-c-amb HmÀ½-tbmSpw F§s\ _Ô-s¸-

«n-cn-¡p-óp-shóv ChnsS \mw ImWp-óp. tKmYnIv inev]-

hnZy CXn\v hyà-amb {]Im-i\w \evIn-bn-«p-ïv: henb

I¯o-{U-ep-I-fnð {]Imiw kzÀK-¯nð \nóv, c£m-N-cn

{Xw Nn{Xo-I-cn-¨n-cn-¡pó Pme-I-§fn-eqsS- IS-óv, Xmtg¡p

hcp-óp. ssZh-¯nsâ {]Imiw Ahn-Ss¯ kzbw shfn-s¸-

Sp-¯-ensâ hnh-c-W-¯n-eqsS \½n-te¡v hcp-óp. A§s\

Ahn-Ss¯ Zm\-§sf A\p-kva-cn-¸n-¨p-sImïpw Ahn-Sóv

Xsâ hmKvZm-\-§Ä F§s\ km£m-XvI-cn-¡p-óp-shóp

sXfn-bn-¨p-sImïpw Ime-¯n-eq-sS-bpÅ \½psS bm{Xsb

{]Im-in-¸n-¡m³ AXv Ign-hp-ä-Xm-bn-¯o-cp-óp.

13. C{km-tb-ensâ Ncn{Xw, B P-\X Hón-tesd XhW

hnt[-b-cm-bn-t¸mb Ahn-izm-k-¯nsâ {]tem-`-\-s¯-¡p-

dn¨pw \ap¡v Adn-hp-X-cp-óp-ïv. ChnsS hnizm-k-¯n\p

hncp-²-am-b-Xns\ hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-bm-bn-«mWv Ah-X-cn¸n¨n-

cn-¡p-óXv. tami ko\mbv ae-bnð h¨v ssZh-t¯mSp kwkm-

cn-¨p-sIm-ïn-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ P\§Ä¡v ssZh-¯nsâ \nKq-

VXbpsS clkyw Xm§phm-\m-hpónñ. AhnSs¯ apJw

ImWm-\pÅ Im¯n-cn¸v AhÀ¡v Ak-ly-am-bn. ImgvN

\ap¡p Xcp-saóv tXmón-¡p-óh-bpsS s]s«-ópÅ ssI

b-S-¡ð Dt]-£n-¡-W-w. hnizmkw {]IrXym Bh-iy-s¸-

Sp-ó Hcp Imcy-apïv: X¡-Im-e¯v Xsó¯só hyàn-]-

c-ambn shfn-s¸-Sp-¯pó apJ-¯nsâ cl-kys¯ BZ-cn-

¨p-sIm-ïvv {]Im-i-¯nsâ Dd-hn-S-¯n-te¡p Xncn-bm-\pÅ

£W-am-WXv.

28 29

tIm¡nse dºn \evInb

hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-bpsS \nÀh-N\w

amÀ«n³ _q_À Hcn-¡ð D²-

cn-¡p-I-bp-ïmbn: "apJ-añm¯

apJs¯ t\m¡n Hcp-apJw kw

km-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ'10 Dïm-Ip-ó

XmWv hn{K-lm-cm-[\. ChnsS

ssZh-̄ nð hniz-kn-¡p-óXn\p

]Icw Hcp hn{K-ls¯ Bcm-

[n-¡p-óXmWv IqSp-Xð \ñ-

sXó tXmóep-ïmIpóp. hn{K

-l-¯nsâ apJ-t¯¡p \ap¡v

t\cn«p t\m¡mw! AXnsâ DXv

]¯n \ap¡v Adn-bmw. Imc-Ww,

AXv \½psS ssII-fpsS the-

bmWv! \½psS kpc-£n-XXzw

Dt]-£n-¡m³ \t½mSv Bh-

iy-s¸-Sp-saó A]-I-S-km-[yX

Hcp hn{Kl-¯nsâ ap¼n-en-ñ.

Fs´-ómð hn{K-l-§Ä¡v

"hmbv-I-fpïv; ]t£, Ahbv¡v

kwkm-cn-¡m³ Ign-bp-I-bnñ'

(k¦o 115:5). bmYmÀ°y-¯nsâ

tI{µ-¯nð \s½-¯só {]Xn-

jvTn-¡m\pw \½p-sS-Xsó Ic-

th-esb Bcm-[n-¡m-\p-apÅ

apS-¡p-\ym-b-am-bn-«mWv hn{K-l-

§Ä \ne-sIm-Åp-ósXóp \mw

ImWp-óp.

a\p-jy\v Xsâ AkvXn-Xzs¯ GIo-Ir-X-am-¡pó au-

en-I-Zni \jvS-s¸-Sp-t¼mÄ, Xsâ B{K-l-§-fpsS _mlp-

ey-¯n-te¡v Ah³ XIÀóp-ho-gpóp; hmKvZm-\-¯nsâ

Ime-¯n\m-bpÅ Im¯n-cn¸v Dt]£n-¡p-t\zmÄ Ahsâ

Pohn-X-IY ]c-kv]c_Ô-an-ñm¯ AkwJyw Ij-W-§-

fmbn Onó`n-óam-bn-¯o-cpóp. hn{K-lm-cm-[\ Ft¸mgpw

_lp-tZ-h-Xm-hm-Z-am-Wv þ Hcp bP-am-\-\nð \nóp asämcp

bP-am-\-\n-te-¡p-Å- e-£y-an-ñm¯ IS-óp-t]m-I-ð. hn{K-

lm-cm-[\ Hcp bm{Xbñ hmKvZm\w sN¿p-óXv ]nsótbm,

Hcn-S¯pw F¯n-¡m-¯, Npän-¨p-gepw hgn-I-fpsS AXn_m

lp-ey-am-Wv. "\o Fónð hnizm-k-aÀ¸n-¡pI' Fóv Bt{Im

-in-¡pó AkwJyw hn{K-l-§-fnð \nópÅ apg-¡-

ambncn¡pw ssZh-¯nð hnizm-k-aÀ¸n-¡m³ CjvS-s¸-Sm-

¯-hÀ tIÄt¡-ïnh-cp-óXv. am\-km-´-c-t¯mSp _Ô-

s¸-«n-cn-¡p-óXn\mð hnizmkw hn{K-lm-cm-[-\bv¡p hn]-

co-X-am-Wv. hyàn-]-c-amb Iïp-ap-«-enð kPo-h-\mb ssZh-

¯n-te¡p Xncn-bp-óXn-\p-th-ïn- hn{K-l-§-fp-am-bpÅ

_Ôw hntÑ-Zn-¡p-óp.

Ft¸mgpw kzoI-cn-¡p-Ibpw £an-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pó,

\½psS Pohn-X§sf Xm§n \ndp-¯p-Ibpw \bn-¡p-Ibpw

sN¿ó, \½psS Ncn-{X-¯nsâ hfª hc-Isf t\sc-bm-

¡m-\pÅ Xsâ Ignhp {]I-Sn-¸n-¡pó Icp-Wm]qcnXamb

kvt\l-¯n\v kzbw `c-ta-ev]n-¡pIsbóXm-Wv hniz-kn-

¡p-I-sb-óXnsâ AÀ°w. ssZh-¯nsâ hnfn-bmð \nc-

´cw cq]m-´-c-s¸-Sm\pw \ho-I-cn-¡-s¸-Sm\pw kzbw kaÀ

¸n-¡m-\pÅ kó²-X-bn-emWv hnizmkw DÄs¡m-ïn-cn-

¡p-óXv. ChnsS Hcp hntcm-[m-`m-k-apïv: IÀ¯m-hn-te¡p

\nc-´cw Xncn-bp-óXp-hgn, hn{K-l-§Ä \½psS tað Npa-

¯nb Acm-P-I-Xz-¯nð \nóv \s½ kzX-{´-cm-¡p-ó kp\n-

Ýn-X-amb Hcp hgn \mw Isï-¯p-óp.

"apJ-añm¯

apJs¯ t\m¡n

Hcp-apJw

kwkm-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ'

Dïm-Ip-óXmWv

hn{K-lm-cm-[\.

amÀ«n³ _q_À

(blqZ XXzÚm\n

1878-1963)

30 31

14. a[y-Ø-\mb tamisb¡qSn- C{km-tb-ensâ hnizm-

k-¯nð \mw I-ïp-ap-«p-óp-ïv. ssZh-¯nsâ apJw P\-

¯n\p ImWm³ Ign-bp-ón-ñm-bn-cn-¡mw. ae-bnð h¨v tami-

bmWv bmlvthtbmSp kwkm-cn-¡p-óXpw IÀ¯m-hnsâ

CjvS-sa-s´óv XpSÀóp P\-t¯mSp ]d-bp-óXpw. X§-

fpsSbnS-bn-se a[y-Øsâ Cu kmón-[y-¯nð Hón¨v

sFIy-t¯msS bm{Xs-N-¿m³ C{km-tbðP\w ]Tn-¡p-óp.

hyàn-bpsS hnizm-k-{]-hr¯n kaq-l-¯nð, P\-¯nsâ

s]mXp-hmb "\½nð', Øm\w Isï-¯p-óp. AhÀ hnizm-

k-¯nð Hä-hy-àn-t]m-se-bm-Wv. C{km-tbð¡m-sc-sbñmw

"Fsâ {]Y-a-Pm-X-\mb ]p{X³' Fóv ssZhw hnti-jn-¸n-

¡p-óp-ïtñm (cf ]pd 4:22). ChnsS a[y-ØX Hcp XS-Ê-

a-ñ, Hcp Xpd-hmWv: aäp-Å-h-cp-am-bpÅ \½psS Iïp-ap-«-

en-eqsS \½psS t\m«w \s½-¡mÄ henb Hcp kXy-¯n-

te-¡v Db-cpóp.

X\n¡p t\cn«v ssZhs¯ ImWm³ ]äp-ón-sñóv dqtkm

Hcn-¡ð hne-]n-¨p. AbmÄ ]dªp: "ssZh-¯nsâbpw

Fsâbpw a[y-¯nð F{Xtbm a\p-jy-cm-Wp-ÅXv!'11 "jmMv

jmIvkv dqtkm-tbmSp kwkm-cn-¡p-óXn\v ssZhw tamisb

Iïp-]n-Sn-¡p-I-sb-óXv bYmÀ°-¯nð efn-Xhpw kzm`m-

hn-I-hp-amb Hcp Imcy-amtWm?'12 Adn-hns\ kw_-Ôn¨

hyànKXhpw (Individualistic) k¦p-Nn-X-hp-amb [mc-W- ]pe

À¯p-ón-S¯v a[y-Ø-X-bpsS AÀ°w þ asäm-cm-fpsS ho£

W-¯nð ]¦p-tN-cm-\pÅ Ign-hv, kvt\l-¯n-sâ Xsó Adn-

hm-bn-cn-¡pó ]¦p-h-bv¡-s¸« Adnhv þ hne-a-Xn-¡m-\mhn-ñ.

ssZh¯nsâ kuP-\y-Zm\-am-Wv hnizmkw. ssZhhpw a\p-

jy-hw-i-hp-a-mbpÅ Iïp-ap-«-en-sâ {]Im-i-]qÀW-amb hgn

Xsóbmb c£m-N-cn{Xw ImWm\pÅ hn\-bhpw hniz-kn-

¡m\pw kzbw kaÀ¸n-¡m-\p-apÅ [oc-X--bpw- AXn\v B-h-

iyapïv.

ss{IkvXh -hn-izm-k-¯nsâ ]qÀWX

15. "Fsâ Znhkw ImWm-'saó {]Xo-£-bnð...-

A-{_mlw B\µn-¨p. Ah³ AXp- Im-Wp-Ibpw kt´mjn-

¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp' (tbml 8:56). A{_m-l-¯nsâ hnizmkw

tbip-hnte¡v Dòq-J-am-bn--cpóp. HcÀ°-¯nð Ahn-Ss¯

clkyw AXp ap³Iq-«n-I-ïp. hnip² BK-kvXo-t\mkv

CXp a\-Ên-em-¡nbXp-sIm-ïmWv Xmsg-¸-d-bpó {]kvXm-

h\ \S-̄ n-bXv. "]qÀh-]n-Xm-¡òmÀ hnizm-kw-sImïp c£n

-¡-s¸-«p þ kam-KX-\mb {InkvXp-hn-epÅ hnizm-kw -sIm-ï

ñ hcm-\ncn¡pó {InkvXp-hn-epÅ hnizmkwsImïv, `mhn-

bn-se tbip-kw`-h¯nte¡v \o§pó hnizm-kw-sIm-ïp-

Xsó'.13

ss{IkvX-h-hn-izmkw tbip-hnð tI{µo-Ir-Xam-Wv. tbip

IÀ¯m-hmsWópw ssZhw Ahn-Ss¯ arX-cnð \nóv Dbn

À¸n-¨p-sh-óp-apÅ Gäp-]-d-¨nemWXv (cf tdmam 10:9). ]g-

b-\n-b-a-¯nse Fñm Nn´m-[mc-Ifpw {InkvXp-hnð ka-

\z-bn-¡póp. Ahn-Sóv Fñm hmKvZm-\-§Ä¡p-apÅ kp\n-

Ýn-X-amb "AtX' BWv, ssZh-t¯mSpÅ \½psS BXy-

´n-I-amb "Bt½³' ]d-¨n-ensâ ASn-Øm\w BWv (cf

tImdn 1:20). tbip-hnsâ Ncn{Xw ssZh-¯nsâ hnizm-ky-X-

bpsS k¼qÀW-amb shfn-s¸-Sp-¯-emWv. X§-fpsS Gäp-

]-d-¨nensâ -tI{µambn `hn-¨Xpw hnizm-k-¯nsâ ho£-

Ww hnim-e-am-¡nbXp-amb ssZh-kvt\l-¯nsâ al-

¯mb {]hr-¯n-I-fmWv C{km-tbð HmÀ½n¨p-sIm-ïn-cn-

¡p-ósX¦nð, tbip-hnsâ Pohn-X-am-I-s«, ssZh-¯nsâ

BXy-´n-I-amb CS-s]-S-ensâ Øm\hpw \t½m-SpÅ

Ahn-Ss¯ kvt\l-¯nsâ ]c-a-amb {]Im-i-\hpw Bbn-cn-

¡p-óp. tbip-hnð ssZhw \t½mSp ]d-bpó hN\w

tIhew At\Iw hm¡p-I-fnð Hóñ. ]nsótbm Ahn-

32 33

Ss¯ \nXy-h-N-\-amWv (cf sl{_m 1:1-2). hnip² ]utem-

kv \s½ HmÀ½n-¸n-¡p-óXp-t]mse, ssZh-¯n\p Xsâ

kvt\l-¯n\v CXnð IqSp-Xð Kymcïn \evIp-hm-\nñ (cf

tdmam 8:31-39).

A§s\ ss{IkvXhhnizm-ksaóXv, kw-]qÀW-kvt\

l-¯nepw AXn-sâ- ê-Zm-bIiàn-bnepw, temIs¯

cq]m-ćs¸Sp-¯m\pw Imes¯ {]Im-in-¸n-¡m-\p-apÅ

AXnsâ Ign-hn-ep-apÅ hnizm-k-am-Wv. "ssZh-¯n\p \t½m-

SpÅ kvt\lw \mw Adn-bp-Ibpw AXnð \mw hniz-kn¡p-

I-bpw- sN-bvXn-cn-¡póp' (1 tbml 4:16). tbip-hnð shfn-

hm¡-s¸« ssZh-kvt\-l-¯nemWv, Fñm bmYmÀ°yhpw

AXnsâ Ań-a-`m-K-t[-bhpw ASn-Øm-\s¸Sp-¯m-hpó

ASn-¯d hnizmkw ImWp-óXv.

16. {InkvXp-hnsâ kvt\l-¯n-\pÅ hnizm-ky-X-bpsS

Gähpw hy-à-amb sXfnhv \ap-¡p-th-ïn-bpÅ Ahn-Ss¯

ac-W¯n-em-Wv I-sï-t¯-ï-Xv. Hcp-h³ Xsâ kplr¯p

¡Ä¡p-thïn Poh³ XyPn-¡p-óXv kvt\l-¯nsâ ]c-a-

amb sXfn-hmWv (cf tbml 15:13). A§-s\-sb-¦nð, tbip

Fñm-hÀ¡pw- thïn, Xsâ i{Xp-¡Ä¡p-thïnt]mepw,

AhcpsS lrZbw ]cn-hÀ¯\w sN¿n¡m³th-ïn, Poh³

kaÀ¸n-¨p. hnizm-k-ho-£-W-¯nsâ ]caImjvT-bmbn

{InkvXp-hnsâ {Iqim-tcm-l-W-¯nsâ aWn-¡q-dns\ kphn-

ti-j-IòmÀ IïXv F´p-sIm-ïmsWóv CXp hyà-am-

¡p-óp. B aWn-¡p-dnð ssZh-¯n-\pÅ kvt\l-¯nsâ

Bghpw hoXnbpw {]Imin-¸n-¡-s¸«p. At¸m-gmWv hnip²

tbml-óm³, tbiphnsâ A½-tbm-sSm¸w apdn-s¸-Sp-¯-s¸-

«-hs\ [ym\n¨v Xsâ DZm-¯-amb km£yw \evIn-b-Xv (cf

tbml 19:37). "CXp-I-ï- BÄ¯só km£y-s¸-Sp-¯n-

bn-cn-¡p-óp. Ahsâ km£yw kXy-hp-amWv...-Xm³ kXy-

amWp ]d-bp-ósXóv Ah³ Adn-bp-Ibpw sN¿póp'

(tbml 19:35).

sZkvsXb-hvkvInbpsS "Z CUn-bäv' Fó IrXn-bnð,

lm³kv tlmÄs_bn³ Zv bwKÀ hc¨ {InkvXp acn¨v Iñ-d

-bnð InS-¡pó Nn{Xw ankvIn³ cmP-Ip-am-c³ Iïn«v

]dbp-óp: "B Nn{X-¯n-te¡p t\m¡p-óXv Hcp-h\p Xsâ

hnizmkw \jvS-s¸-Sm³ Imc-W-am-Ipw'.14 acWw {InkvXp-

hnsâ ico-c-¯nð Gev]n¨ hn\m-i-I-c-amb ê-§-fpsS

_o`-Õ-amb Nn{Xo-I-cW-amWv B Nn{X-¯n-ep-Å-Xv.

Fómepw tbip-hnsâ ac-W-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pÅ [ym\-¯n-

emWv IrXy-ambn hnizmkw IqSp-Xð iàn {]m]n-¡p-óX-

pw I®-ôn-¸n-¡pó {]Imiw kzoI-cn-¡p-óXpw. At¸m

gmWv hnizm-k-sa-óXv {InkvXp-hn\p \t½m-SpÅ AN-ôe

-kvt\-l-¯n-epÅ hnizm-k-ambn shfn--s¸-SpóXv. Fsó

F´p-am{Xw kvt\ln-¡póp-shóv

t_m[y-s¸-Sp-¯m³ thïn ac-W-¯n-\p- ap-¼nð ]n³

hm-§m¯ Cu kvt\l-¯nð hniz-kn-¡pI km[y-am-Wv.

{InkvXp-hnsâ k¼qÀW- Bß-Zm\amb acWw Fñm kwi-

b-s¯bpw Iog-S-¡p-Ibpw Ahn-S-t¯¡v Fsó¯só

]qÀWambn `c-taev]n-¡m³ Fsó ià-\m-¡p-Ibpw

sN¿p-óp.

17. {InkvXp-hnsâ D°m\¯nsâ shfn-¨-¯n-emWv

Ahn-Ss¯ acWw ssZh-kvt\-l-¯n-sâ XnIª hnizm-

ky-X shfn-hm-¡p-óXv. D°n-X-s\ó \ne-bnð {InkvXp

hniz-m-ky-tbmKy-\mb hnizkvX km£n-bpam-Wv (cf shfn

1:5; sl{_m 2:17). \½psS hnizm-k-¯n\v Dd-¸pÅ Xm§p-am-

Wv. "{InkvXp DbnÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«n-«n-sñ-¦nð \n§-fpsS hnizm-

kw hyÀ°-amWv' (1 tImdn 15:17) Fóv hnip² ]utemkv

Çolm ]d-bp-óp. ]nXm-hnsâ kvt\lw {InkvXp-hns\

34 35

acn-¨-hcnð \nóv DbnÀ¸n-¨nñm-bn-cp-ópsh-¦nð, Ahn-

Ss¯ ico-c-¯n\v Poh-³ hoïpw \evIm³ Ign-bp-am-bn-

cp-ón-sñ-¦nð AXv ac-W¯nsâ ¾m\-Xsb {]Im-in-̧ n-¡m³

Ign-bp-ó XnI¨pw hnizm-ky-amb kvt\l-am-Ip-am-bn-cp-ón-ñ.

hnip² ]utemkv Çolm {InkvXp-hn-epÅ Xsâ ]pXnb

Poh-nXs¯-¡p-dn¨p hnh-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ "Fsó kvt\ln-

¡p-I-bpw- F-\n-¡p-thïn Xsó¯só _en-bÀ¸n-¡p-

Ibpw sNbvX' (Kem 2:20) ssZh-]p-{X-s\-¸än ]d-bp-ópïv.

"ssZh-]p-{X-\n-epÅ hnizmkw' FóXnsâ AÀ°w ]utem-

kn\v tbiphnepÅ hnizm-k-am-sW-óXv hyà-am-Wv.

Fómð, {InkvXpXsó hnizm-k-tbm-Ky-\m-sW-óXpw

AXp ap³Iq«n k¦-ev]n-¡p-óp-ïv. ac-Ww-hsc \s½

kvt\ln-¨p-sh-óXnð am{X-añ, Ahn-Ss¯ ssZh-]p-{X-Xz-

¯n-epw A[njvTnX-amWv Cu hnizm-k-tbm-Ky-X. tbip

ssZh-]p-{X-\m-b-Xp-sImïpw Ahn-Sóv ]nXm-hnð ]qÀW-

ambn thcp-d-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-óXp-sImïpw XsóbmWv ac-

Ws¯ Iog-S-¡m\pw Pohs\ ]qÀW-Xbnð {]Im-in-¸n-

¡m\pw Ahn-S-t¯¡p Ign-ªXv.

ssZh-¯nsâ kv]jvS-amb kmón-[y-s¯-¡p-dn¨pw

\½psS temI-¯nð Ahn-Sóp \S-¯pó {]hÀ¯-\-s¯-

¡p-dn-¨p-apÅ t_m[w \½psS kwkvIm-c-¯n\p \jvS-s¸-

«n-cn-¡p-óp. \½psS A\p-Zn-\-_-Ô-§-fnð \nóp Gsd

AIóp Cu temI-¯n-\-¸p-d¯v -bmYmÀ°y-¯nsâ asäm-

cp Xe-¯nemWv ssZhs¯ Isï-¯pósX-ómWv \mw

Icp-Xp-óXv. ]t£, CXm-bn-cpóp Ah-Øsb-¦nð, temI-

¯nð {]hÀ¯n-¡m³ ssZhw Ai-à-\m-bn-cpsó¦nð,

Ahn-Ss¯ kvt\lw hmkvXh-¯nð iàhpw -bYmÀ°-

hpw kXyw t]mepw- B-Ip-am-bn-cp-ónñ. AXv hmKvZm\w

sN¿pó B\µw \evIm³ Ign-hpÅ kvt\l-am-bn-cn¡p-

I-bp-an-ñ. \mw Ahn-S-ónð hniz-

knt¨m Cñtbm FóXv Hcp

hyXym-k-w t]mepw hcp-¯p-I-bp-

an-ñ. t\tcadn¨v, ss{IkvX-hÀ

ssZh-¯nsâ kv]Ài-\o-bhpw

kpi-à-hp-amb kvt\l-¯n-

epÅ hnizmkw Gäp]d-bp-óp.

B kvt\lw bYmÀ°-¯nð

Ncn-{X-¯nð {]hÀ¯n-¡p-óXpw

AXnsâ A´n-a-`m-K-t[bw \nÝ

-bn-¡p-óXp-am-Wv. Iïp-ap-«m-\m-

hpóXpw {InkvXp-hnsâ ]oUm-k-

l-\-¯nepw ac-W-¯nepw D°m-

\-̄ nepw ]qÀW-ambn shfn-hm

-¡-s¸«Xpamb kvt\l-am-W-Xv.

18. hnizm-k-¯n\p tbip-

{InkvXp \evIpó Cu ]qÀW-X

bv¡v \nÀWm-b-I-amb asämcp

hiw IqSn-bp-ïv. hn-izm-k-s¯

kw_-Ôn-¨n-S-t¯m-fw, ssZh-

kvt\l-¯nsâ ]c-a-amb shfn

s¸-S-emb -{In-kvXp - \mw hnizm-k-

aÀ¸n-¡pó tIhew Hcp hyàn

am{X-añ; hniz-kn-¡p-óXn-\p-th-

ïn-¯só \mw Ahn-S-óp-ambn

sFIy-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-

óp. tbip-hns\ shdpsX Däp-t\m

¡eñ hnizmkw; adn¨v tbip

kz´w I®p-I-fmð ImWp-óXp-

t]mse Fñmw ZÀin-¡p-ó

tbip-hns\ shdpsX

Däp-t\m¡eñ

hnizmkw; adn¨v

tbip kz´w

I®p-I-fmð

ImWp-óXp-t]mse

Fñmw

ZÀin-¡p-óXm-WXv:

AhnS-s¯

ImgvN-¸m-Sn-epÅ

]¦p-]-ä-em-W-Xv.

36 37

Xm-WXv: AhnS-s¯ ImgvN-¸m-Sn-epÅ ]¦p-]-ä-em-W-Xv.

Pohn-X-¯nsâ ]e aWvU-e-§-fnepw \s½-¡mÄ IqSp-

Xð Adn-hp-Å-hsc \mw hniz-kn-¡mdp-ïv. \½psS

hoSp ]Wn-bpó BÀ¡n-sS-Iväns\bpw kuJy¯n\

pthïn acpóp Xcpó ^mÀa-kn-Ìn-s\bpw tImS-

Xn-bnð \ap-¡p-thïn hmZn-¡pó h¡o-en-s\bpw

\mw hiz-kn-¡póp. ssZhs¯ kw_-Ôn¨ Imcy-§-fnepw

hnizm-ky\pw hnZKv[-\p-amb Hcp hyànsb \ap¡v Bh-

iy-ap-ïv. ssZh-]p-{X-\mb tbip ssZh-s¯-¡p-dn¨v \s½

Adn-bn-¡pó hyàn-bmWv (cf tbml 1:18). {InkvXp-hnsâ

Pohn-Xw þ Ahn-Sóv ]nXm-hns\ Adn-bp-Ibpw ]nXm-hpambn

]cn]qÀW _Ô-¯nð Pohn¡p-Ibpw- sN¿pó Ahn-Ss¯

coXn þ - a-\p-jym-\p`-h-¯n\p ]p-Xn-sbmcp ho£-W-coXn

Xpdóp Xcp-óp. \ap¡v AhntSbv¡p ISóp sNñm-\m-Ipw.

"hniz-kn-¡p-I'- Fó {Inb-bpsS hnhn-[-cq-]-§Ä D]-tbm

-Kn-¨psImïvv hnip² tbml-óm³ \½psS hnizm-k¯n\v

tbip-hp-am-bpÅ Hcp sshb-ànI _Ô-¯nsâ {]m[m\yw

hyà-am-¡p-óp-ïv. tbip \t½mSp ]d-bp-óXv kXy-am-

sWóv "hniz-kn-¡póXn\p ]pdta, tbip-hns\ hniz-kn-

¡pó'-Xn-s\bpw tbip-hnð "hniz-kn-¡p-ó'-Xn-s\-bpw Ip-

dn¨v hnip² tbml-óm³ ]d-bp-óp. Ahn-Ss¯ hm¡pw

km£yhpw kzoI-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ \mw tbip-hns\ hniz-kn-

¡p-óp. Fs´-ómð Ahn-Sóv kXy-hm-\m-Wv. \mw tbip-

hns\ hyàn-]-c-ambn \½psS Pohn-X-¯n-te¡p kzmKXw

sN¿p-t¼mgpw Ahn-Són -te¡p kô-cn-¡p-t¼mgpw kvt\

l-¯nð Ahn-S-t¯mSv H«nt-¨-cp-t¼mgpw ]mX-bnð Ahn-

Ss¯ Ime-Sn-Isf ]n³sN-ñp-t¼mgpw \mw tbip-hnð hniz-

kn-¡p-óp.

\mw Ahn-Ss¯ Adn-bm\pw kzoI-cn-¡m\pw A\p-K-an-

¡m\pw thïn \½psS icocw ssZh-]p-{X³ kzoI-cn-¨p.

Cu hn-[-¯nð Ime-¯n-eq-sS-bpÅ Hcp bm{X-bpsS ]

Ým-¯-e-¯nð, ]nXm-hn-s\¡pdn-¨pÅ Ahn-Ss¯ ho£-

W-¯n\v Hcp am\p-jn-am\hpw ssIh-óp. ss{IkvX-h-hn-

izm-k-sa-óXv ssZh-h-N-\¯nsâ a\p-jym-h-Xm-c-¯nepw

Ahn-Ss¯ imco-cnI D°m-\-¯n-ep-apÅ hnizm-k-am-Wv.

\½psS am\p-jn-I-N-cn-{X-¯nð {]th-in-¡-¯-¡-hn[w

\t½mSv Dä-_-Ô-apÅ Hcp ssZh-¯n-epÅ hnizm-k-am-

W-Xv. \{k-¯nse tbip-hnð a\p-jy-\m-bn-¯oÀó ssZh-

]p-{X-\n-epÅ \½psS hnizmkw \s½ bmYmÀ°y-¯nð

\nóv thÀs]-Sp-¯p-I-bñ, adn¨v AXnsâ AXy-Km-[-amb

AÀ°w {Kln-¡m³ \s½ klm-bn-¡pIbmWv sN¿p-

óXv. ssZhw Cu temIs¯ F{X-am{Xw kvt\ln-¡p-óp-

shópw AXns\ Xón-te¡p \nc-´cw \bn-¡p-óp-sh-ópw

{Kln-¡m³ \s½ Ign-hp-Å-h-cm-¡p-óp. ss{IkvX-h-scó

\ne-bnð CXv \s½ hÀ[-am-\-amb kaÀ¸-W-_p-²n-

tbmSpw Xo{h-X-tbmSpw IqSn- Cu temI-¯nð Pohn-X-w \

bn-¡m³-t{]cn-¸n¡póp.

hnizmk¯mepÅ c£

19. tbip Imcy-§Ä ImWpó coXn-bn-epÅ ]¦p-tN-c-en-

sâ ASn-Øm-\-¯nð hnip² ]utemkv hnizm-k-Po-hn-X-

¯nsâ Hcp hnh-cWw \ap¡p \evIn-bn-«p-ïv. hnizm-k-Zm\w

kzo-Icn¡póXv hgn hnizm-kn-IÄ Hcp ]pXnb krjvSn-bm-

bn-¯o-cp-óp; Hcp ]pXnb AkvXnXzw AhÀ kzoI-cn-¡p-óp.

ssZh-¯nsâ a¡-sfó \ne-bnð AhÀ Ct¸mÄ "-]p-{X-\nð

]p{X-cmWv'. tbip-hnsâ A\p-`-h-¯n-sâ khn-ti-j-X-bmb

"Aºm, ]nXmth' Fó ssien Ct¸mÄ ss{IkvX-hm-\p-`-h-

¯nsâ aÀ½-am-bn-¯o-cpóp (cf tdmam 8:15). hnizm-k-Po-hnXw

38 39

]p{X-k-l-P-amb AkvXn-Xz-saó \ne-bnð, a\p-jym-kvXn

-Xz-¯nsâ ASn-Øm-\-am-bn-cn-¡pó BZn-ahpw auen-I-hp-

amb Zm\s¯ AwKo-I-cn¡-em-Wv. sImdn-t´m-kp-Im-tcm-

SpÅ hnip² ]utem-knsâ tNmZy-¯nð CXv hyà-ambn

\mw ImWpóp: "\n§Ä kzoI-cn-¡m-¯-Xmbn \n§Ä¡v

F´mWp-ÅXv?' (1 tImdn 4:7). ^cn-tk-b-cp-am-bn hnip²

]utemkv \S-¯nb XÀ¡-¯nsâ aÀ½w CXmbncpóp-:

c£ t\Sp-óXv hnizm-k-¯m-emtWm AtXm \nb-a-¯nsâ

{]hr-¯nI-fm-emtWm? kz´w {]hr-¯n-I-fpsS ASn-Øm-

\-¯nð ssZh-Xn-cp-ap-¼msI X§Ä \oXo-I-cn-¡-s¸-«-h-

cm-sWóp Icp-Xp-óh-cpsS at\m-`m-hs¯ ]utemkp XÅn-

¡-f-bp-óp. A¯cw Bfp-IÄ Iev]-\-IÄ A\p-k-cn-¡p-Ibpw

kXvIÀ½-§Ä A\p-jvTn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-t¼mÄt]mepw

AhÀ X§-sf-̄ só tI{µ-Øm-\¯p \ndp-̄ p-óp. \òbpsS

t{kmXkv ssZh-amsWóv AhÀ Xncn-̈ -dn-bp-ón-ñ.

Cu hn[-¯nð Pohn-¡p-óhÀ, kzbw \oXn-bpsS Dd-hnSw

Bbn-cn-¡m³ B{K-ln-¡p-óhÀ, kz´w \oXn s]s«óp

XI-cp-óp-shópw \nbaw ]men-¡m³ t]mepw X§Ä¡p Ign-

hn-sñópw thKw a\-Ên-em-¡pw. AhÀ X§-fnð¯só

AS-¨p-aq-Sn-¡-gn-bp-óh-cm-bn-¯o-cp-w. IÀ¯m-hnð \nópw

aäp-Å-h-cnð\nópw Hä-s -̧«-h-cm-bn-̄ o-cp-w. C¡m-c-W-̄ mð

shÅ-̄ nð \nóv AIóp \nev-¡pó acwt]mse-Ah-cpsS

PohnXw ê-iq-\y-hpw Ah-cpsS {]hr-¯n-IÄ hÔyhp-am-

bn-¯o-cpw.

hnip² BK-kvXo-t\mkv kzX-kn-²-amb ssien-bnð,

kw£n-]vXhpw {it²-b-hp-amb hn[-¯nð, C{]-Imcw

]dªp: "\nsó krjvSn-¨-h-\nð \nóv \o ]nń-cnªp

t]mI-cp-Xv, \nónte¡p Xncn-bm³th-ïn-t¸mepw' (Ab eo

qui fecit te, noli deficere nec ad te).15 ssZh-¯nð \nóp ]nń-cn-

bp-óXn-eqsS Rm³ Fsó¯só Isï-¯p-saóv Rm³

Nnń-¡p-t¼mÄ¯só Fsâ PohnXw XI-cm³ XpS-§p-

óp (cf eq¡m 15:11þ24). \ap¡p apt¼ DÅ Hón-t\m-Sp- ]pe

À¯pó Xpdhv BWv c£-bpsS Bcw-`w. Cu Zm\-¯n-

te¡v Xpd-hp-Å-h-cm-bn-cn-¡p-Ibpw CXns\ AwKo-I-cn-¡p-

Ibpw sN¿p-óXp hgn am{Xta \ap¡p cq]m-´-c-s¸-Sm\pw

c£ A\p-`-hn-¡m\pw kX-v^-e-§Ä ]pd-s¸-Sp-¯m\pw

km[n-¡p-I-bp-Åq. hnizm-kw-aq-e-apÅ c£-sb-óXnsâ

AÀ°w ssZh-Zm-\-¯nsâ {]mY-ays¯ AwKo-I-cn-¡p-I-

sb-óXm-Wv. hnip² ]utemkv Çol ]d-bp-óXp-t]m-se

-Xsó: "hnizmkw hgn Ir]-bm-emWv \n§Ä c£n-¡-s¸-

«-Xv. AXp \n§Ä t\Sn-sb-Sp-¯-X-ñ, ssZh-¯nsâ Zm\-

amWv' (Ft^ 2:8).

20. hnizm-k-¯nsâ ]pXnb ImgvN-¸mSv {InkvXp- tI{µo-

IrX-amWv. {InkvXp- hnizmkw \s½ c£n¡p-óp. Fs´-

ómð Ahn-S-ónemWv \½psS PohnXw \ap¡p apt¼

DÅXpw \s½ DÅnð \nóp cq]m-´-c-s¸-Sp-¯p-óamb

Hcp kvt\l¯n-te¡v auen-I-ambn Xpd-¡p-óXv. \½nepw

\½n-eq-sSbpw {]hÀ¯n-¡p-ó kvt\l-am-W-Xv. \nb-am-

hÀ¯\{K-Ù-¯nse Hcp ]mT-¯n\v hnip² ]utemkp

\evIpó hymJym-\-¯nð CXp hyà-ambn ImWmw. ]g-b-

\n-b-a-k-tµ-i-¯nsâ tI{µ-t¯mSp tbmPn-¡pó Hcp

hymJym-\-am-W-Xv. ssZh-¯nsâ Iev]\ Gsd Db-c-¯ntem

Gsd AI-e-¯ntem Asñóv tami P\-t¯mSp ]d-bp-óp.

"\ap¡p-thïn Bcv kzÀK-¯n-te¡p Ibdns¨óv AXp

\ap¡p sImïp-hóp Xcpw?' Ftóm "Bcp IS-en-\-¡-sc-

t¸mbn AXp \ap¡p sImïp-hóp-Xcpw?' Ftóm (\n-bam

30:11þ14) ]d-tb-ï-Xn-ñ. ]utemkv Çol ssZh-h-N-\-¯nsâ

Cu kmao-]ys¯ {InkvXym-\n-bn-epÅ {InkvXp-hnsâ

kmón-[y-¯nsâ `mj-bnemWv hymJym-\n-¡p-óXv: "Bcp

40 41

kzÀK-¯n-te¡p Ibdpw?' (A-Xm-bXv {InkvXp-hns\ arX-

cnð\nóv DbÀ¯n-s¡m-ïp-h-cm³) AYhm Bcv ]mXm-f-

¯nte¡p Cd§pw ({In-kvXp-hns\ acn-¨-h-cnð \nóv DbÀ

¯m³) Fón-§s\ \n§-fpsS lrZ-b-¯nð ]d-b-cpXv (tdmam

10:6þ7).

{InkvXp `qan-bn-te¡v Cd-§n-h-óp. arX-cnð \nóv Dbn

À¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ssZh-]p-{X³ Xsâ a\p-jym-h-Xm-chpw

D°m-\hpw hgn apgp-h³ a\p-jy-Po-hnXs¯bpw Ncn-{X-

s¯bpw BtÇ-jn¨p. Ct¸mÄ ]cn-ip-²m-ßm-hn-eqsS-

\½psS lrZ-b-§-fnð hkn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿póp. ssZhw

\½psS kao-]-t¯¡p hóp-shópw {InkvXp hen-sbmcp

Zm\ambn \ap¡p \evIs¸«n-cn¡pópshópw hnizmkw

Adn-bp-óp. al-¯mb B Zm\w \s½ B´-cn-I-ambn cq]m-

´-c-s¸-Sp-¯pIbpw \½nð \nh-kn¡p-Ibpw A§s\

Pohn-X-¯nsâ DZv`-h-hpw- A-h-km-\hpw þ a\p-jy-{]-bm-W-

¯nsâ apgp-h³ Ime-ko-abpw þ {]Imin¸n¡pó shfn¨w

\ap¡p \evIp-Ibpw sN¿-póp.

21. At¸mÄ, hnizmkw \s½ sImsï-¯n-¡pó ]pXpa

{Kln-¡m³ \ap¡p km[n-¡pw. hniz-kn-¡p-óhÀ kvt\l-

¯mð cq]m-´-co-Ir-X-cm-Ip-óp. B kvt\l-¯n-te¡v

hnizm-k-¯nð lrZbw Xpdóh-cm-Wv AhÀ. BZn-a-kvt\-

l-¯nsâ Cu hmKvZm\-¯n-te-¡pÅ Ah-cpsS Xpd-hp-aqew

Ah-cpsS PohnXw hÀ²n-Xhpw hn]p-e-hp-am-bn-¯oÀóp:

"C\n-tað Rm\ñ Pohn-¡p-óXv, ]nsótbm {InkvXp-

hmWv Fónð Pohn-¡p-óXv' (Kem 2:20); "{InkvXp \n§-

fpsS lrZ-b§-fnð hnizmk¯neqsS \nh-kn-¡s«' (Ft^

3:17). hnizm-k-¯nð, tbip-shó A]-c\v hkn¡m-\mbn

hnizm-kn-bpsS "Rm³' t_m[w hnI-kn-¡p-óp. AtXmsS

"Rm³' Cu "A]-c-\n'ð hkn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-óp.

AXv Ct¸mÄ Cu A]-c-\nð

Pohn-¡p-óp. A§s\, hnizm-kn-

bpsS PohnXw kvt\l-¯nð hn

kvXr-XamIp-óp. ChnsS ]cn-ip-

²m-ßm-hnsâ {]hÀ¯\w Xsó

bmWv \mw ImWp-óXv. ss{Ikv

X-h\v tbip-hnsâ I®p-sImïp

ImWm\pw Ahn-Ss¯ lrZ-b-hn-

Im-c-§sf kz´-am-¡m\pw Ahn-

Ss¯ ]p{X-k-l-P-amb at\m-

`m-h-¯nð ]¦p-tN-cm\pw Ign-

bp-óp. Fs´-ómð {InkvXym\n

Ahn-Ss¯ kvt\l-w Xsóbmb

]cn-ip-²m-ßm-hnð ]¦p-tN-cp-óp.

Cu kvt\-l-¯nemWv tbip-

hnsâ Xsó ho£Ww Hcp {]

tXy-I-X-c-¯nð \mw kzoI-cn-¡p

-óXv. kvt\l-¯nð Ahn-S-

t¯mSv A\p-cq-]-s¸-SmsX, Cu

kvt\lw \½psS lrZ-b-§-fnð

\nth-in-¸n-¡pó ]cn-ip-²m-ßm

hnsâ kmón-[y-an-ñm-sX (tdmam

5/5), IÀ¯m-hmbn Ahn-Ss¯

Gäp]d-bm³ km[y-añ (cf 1 tImdn

12:3).

hnizm-k-¯nsâ

k`m-ß-I-cq]w

22. C§s\ hnizm-kn-bpsS

PohnXw Hcp k`m-ßI AkvXn-

Xz-ambn ̀ hn-¡p-óp. k`-bnð \bn

kvt\l-¯nð

Ahn-S-t¯mSv

A\p-cq-]-s¸-SmsX,

Cu kvt\lw

\½psS

lrZ-b-§-fnð

\nth-in-¸n-¡pó

]cn-ip-²m-ßmhnsâ

kmón-[y-an-ñm-sX

(tdmam 5/5),

IÀ¯m-hmbn

Ahn-Ss¯ Gäp]

d-bm³ km[y-añ

(1 tImdn 12:3).

Akoknbnse

hnip² {^m³knkv

(1181-1226)

42 43

-¡-s¸-Spó Hcp Pohn-X-am-bn¯ocp-óp. {InkvXp-hnð hniz-

kn-¡p-óh-scñmw Hä ico-c-am-Wóv hnip² ]utemkv

tdmam-bnse {InkvXym-\n-I-tfmSp ]d-bp-t¼mÄ, C¡m-cy-

¯nð Al-¦-cn-¡-cp-sXóp Xm¡oXp sN¿p-óp. -]-I-cw,

"ssZhw Hmtcm-cp-¯À¡pw \evIn-bn-cn-¡pó hnizm-k

¯nsâ Af-h-\p-k-cn¨v hnth-I-]qÀhw Nn´n-¡Ww' (cf

tdmam 12:3). hniz-kn-¡p-óhÀ X§Ä Gäp-]-d-bpó hnizm

-k-¯nsâ shfn-¨-¯nemWv X§-sf¯só ImWpóXv:

X§fpsS {]XnOmb ]qÀWambn km£m-XvI-cn-¡-s¸«

Xmbn AhÀ ImWp-óXv {InkvXp B-Ipó I®m-Sn-bn-em-Wv.

Xónð hniz-kn-¡pó Fñm-h-scbpw {InkvXp Xón-te¡p

tNÀ¡p-Ibpw Ahsc Xsâ ico-c-am¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-ó

Xpt]mse Hcp {InkvXym\n Xsó¯só aäp kIe hnizm

-kn-I-tfmSp-apÅ k¯m-]-c-am-b _Ô-¯nð icoc-¯nsâ

Ah-b-h-ambn kzbw ImWp-óp.

ico-c-¯nsâ D]-a-sIm-ïv, AÚm-X-amb GtXm Hcp

]qÀW-i-co-c-¯nsâ `mKw am{X-amWv Hcp hnizmkn Fóv

AÀ°-am-¡p-ónñ; hen-sbmcp b{´¯nse shdpw ]ð¨-

{I-amsWópw AÀ°-am-¡p-ón-ñ. adn-¨v, AXp {InkvXp-hn\v

hnizm-kn-I-tfmSpÅXpw hnizm-kn-IÄ¡v ]c-kv]-cap-ÅXp

amb- ssPh_ÔamWv AXv shfn-s¸-Sp-¯p-óXv (cf tdma

12:4-5). "{InkvXym-\n-IÄ' HómWv (cf Kem 3:28); Fómepw

X§-fpsS hyàn-Xzw \jvS-s¸-Sp-¯m-¯- coXn-bn-emWvv ss{I

kvX-hÀ "Hóm'-bn-cn-¡p-óXv. A]-cÀ¡p sN¿pó ip{iq-j-

bnemWv Hmtcm-cp-¯cpw X§-fp-sS- k¯-bpsS km£m-Xv

Imcw tXSp-óXv.

Cu ico-c-¯nð \nóIóv, {InkvXp-hn-epÅ k`bpsS

Cu sFIy-¯n\p ]pd¯v þ sdmamt\m KmÀZn-\n- ]d-bp-ó

Xp-t]mse þ "temI¯n\p- ta-epÅ {InkvXp-hnsâ ]qÀW-

X-bpÅ ZÀi-\-¯nsâ Ncn-{X-¯nse kwhm-l-I-'16bmb

Cu k`bv¡p ]pd-¯v, hnizm-k-¯nsâ AfhptImð \jv

S-s¸-SpósX-´p-sIm-ïm-sWóv hni-Zo-I-cn-¡m³ CXn\p

Ign-bpw. hni-zm-k¯n\v AXnsâ k´p-en-Xm-hØ þ \ne\n

ev¡m\m-h-iy-amb CSw þ Isï-¯m³ Ign-bmsX hcpóp.

hnizmkw \nÀ_-Ô-ambpw k`m-ß-I-am-Wvv; hnizm-knI-

fpsS aqÀ¯-amb Iq«m-bva-sbó \ne-bnð {InkvXphnsâ

ico-c-¯n-\I¯p\nópsIm-ïmWv AXv {]tLm-jn¡-s¸-

Sp-óXv. Cu k`m-ßI ]Ým-¯-e¯nemWv hnizmkw Hcp

{InkvXym-\nsb aäp-Å-h-cn-te¡v Xpd-hp-Å-h-\m-¡p-óX.v

{InkvXym\n-bpsS lrZ-b-¯nð {InkvXp-hnsâ hN-\-¯nsâ

B´-cnIiàn-bpsS {]hÀ¯\¯mð Hcn-¡ð tIÄ¡

s -̧Spó hN\w ]nóoSv Hcp {]Xyp-̄ -c-am-bn, Hcp kwkm-cn-¡-

s¸-Spó hN-\-am-bn, Hcp hnizm-k-{]-Jym-]-\-am-bn-¯o-cp-óp.

hnip² ]utemkv Çol ]d-bp-óXp-t]mse "a\p-jy³

lrZ-b-w sImïp hniz-kn-¡p-Ibpw...-A[cw sImïp Gäp]

d-bp-Ibpw... sN¿póp' (tdmam 10:10).

hnizmkw Hcp kzIm-cy-hnj-btam XoÀ¯pw hyàn-KX-

amb Hcm-i-btam hyàn-]-c-amb Hcp A`n-{]m-btam Añ.

AXv tIÄhn-bnð \nóp hcpóp. hm¡p-I-fn-eqsS {]Im-i\w

Isï¯m\pw {]tLm-jn-¡-s¸-Sm\pap-Å-Xm-WXv. Fs´-

ómð, "AhÀ Hcn-¡epw tI«n-«n-ñm-¯-h-\nð F§s\ hniz

-kn¡pw? {]tLm-jI\n-ñmsX AhÀ F§s\ tIÄ¡pw?'

(tdmam 10:14). kzoI-cn-¡-s¸« Zm\-¯nsâ ASn-Øm-\-¯nð,

AXm-b-Xv, {InkvXp-hn-te¡p \s½ BIÀjn-¡pó kvt\

l¯nsâ ASn-Øm-\-¯nð, hnizmkw ss{IkvX-h-\nð

{]-hÀ¯-\-£-a-am-IpIbpw (cf Kem 5:6) temIm-h-km\w hsc

k` Ncn-{X-̄ n-eqsS \S-̄ pó alm-XoÀ°m-S-\-̄ nsâ `mK-

am-bn-¯o-cm³ \s½ ià-cm-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pw. Cu coXn-

bnð ]cn-hÀ¯n-X-cm-bn-¯oÀóhÀ¡p ]pXn-sbmcp ho£-

W-KXn Xpd-óp-In-«p-óp; hnizmkw Ah-cpsS I®pIÄ¡pÅ

shfn-¨-am-bn-¯o-cp-óp.

44 45

ssZhw {]Im-in¡p-óh\m-Wv. BßmÀ°

lrZ-b-t¯msS Ahn-Ss¯ At\z-jn-¡p-óhÀ¡v

Ahn-Ss¯ Isï-¯m³ Ign-bpw. (No. 35)

\n§Ä hnizkn¡pónsñ¦nð

\n§Ä¡p a\ÊnemIpIbnñ. (cf Gi¿ 7:9)

hnizmkhpw kXyhpw

23. \n§Ä hnizkn¡pónsñ¦nð \n§Ä¡p a\Ênem

IpIbnñ (cf Gi¿ 7:9). lo{_p ss__nfn\v AeIvkm

¬{Unbmbnð {Ko¡p`mjbnð \nÀ½n¨ sk]vXzmPn´v

Fó hnhÀ¯\¯nð Blmkv cmPmhnt\mSv Gi¿m {]hm

NI³ ]dª hm¡pIÄ¡v apIfnð ]dª XÀÖabmWv

\ðInbn«pÅXv. C§s\ kXys¯¡pdn¨pÅ Adnhv Fó

hnjbw hnizmks¯ kw_Ôn¨nSt¯mfw tI{µ#oIrX

ambncn¡póp. lo{_p]mT¯nð hyXykvXambn«mWp Im

WpósX¦nepw {]hmNI³ cmPmhnt\mSp ]dbpóp: ""\o

46 47

hnizkn¡pónsñ¦nð \o kpØm]nX\mbncn¡pIbnñ''.

ChnsS hm¡pIÄ sImïpÅ Ifnbpïv. Aam³ Fó

{lo{_p {Inbbv¡pÅ cïv AÀ°§sf ASnØm\s¸Sp

¯nbmWv A§s\ sNbvXncn¡póXv. B {Inbbv¡v ""\o

hnizkn¡pw'' (Xm Aan\p) Fópw ""\o Øm]n¡s¸Spw' (tX

Bta\p) Fópw AÀ°apïv.

Blmkv cmPmhv i{Xp¡fpsS iàn Iïv AXy´w ̀ b

s¸«p. Akodnb³ almkm{amPyhpambn kJyw sNbvXmð

DïmImhpó kpc£nXXzamWv cmPmhv At\zjn¡póXv.

t\tcadn¨v, {]hmNI³ ]dbpóXv C{kmtbenâ ssZhamb

Dd¸pÅ, ØncXbpÅ ]mdbnð ]qÀWambn B{ibn¡pI

bmWv thïsXómWv. ssZhw hnizmktbmKy\mWv. AXp

sImïv ssZh¯nð hnizmkapïmbncn¡pI sbóXpw

AhnSs¯ hN\w apdpsI¸nSn¡pIsbóXpw bpànkl

amWv. Gi¿ ]nóoSv Hcp hmNI¯nð cïp {]mhiyw

""Bt½³ Bb ssZhw'', ""kXy¯nsâ ssZhw'' (cf Gi¿m

65:16) Fón§s\ hnfn¡póXv CtX ssZhs¯bmWv. Ahn

Sóv DS¼Sn]camb hnizkvXXbpsS Ømbn-bmb ASn¯d

bmWv.

ss__nfnsâ {Ko¡p hnhÀ¯\¯nð ""Øm]n¡s¸«

Xmbncn¡pI''sbóXv ""a\Ênem¡pI''sbóv hnhÀ¯\w

sNbvXXp hgn ]mT¯nsâ AÀ°s¯ Bg¯nð amänbn

cn¡pIbmWv. ssZh¯nð hnizkn¨v B{ibn¡pIsbó

ss__nÄ]camb Bib¯nð \nóv AIópamdn _p²n

]camb {Kln¡ð Fó {Ko¡v Bib¯nte¡p \o§nbn

cn¡pIbmWv. Cu hnhÀ¯\w XoÀ¨bmbpw {Ko¡pkwkv

ImchpambpÅ kwhmZs¯ {]Xn^en¸n¡póXmWv. F

ómepw, lo{_p]mT¯nð A´Àeo-\-am-bn-cn-¡pó ssNX

\y¯n\v AXv A\yañ. Gi¿m {]hmNI³ cmPmhn\p

hmKvZm\w sN¿pó Dd¸pÅ ASnØm\w ssZh¯nsâ

{]hÀ¯\s¯¡pdn¨pÅ [mcWbnepw a\pjyPohnX

¯n\pw Xsâ P\XbpsS Ncn{X¯n\pw AhnSóp \evIpó

sFIy¯nepw XoÀ¨bmbpw ASnbpd¸n¨ncn¡póXmWv.

ssZh¯nsâ hnizkvXXbnð bpK§sf `cn¡pó

ssZh¯nsâ Úm\]qÀ®amb ]²Xn IïpsImïv

ssZh¯nsâ hgnIÄ a\Ênem¡m³ {]hmNI³ cmPmhn

s\bpw, \s½bpw, shñphnfn¡póp. ""a\Ênem¡ð,'' ""Øm

]nXambncn¡ð'' Fóo Bib§fpsS Cu DZv{KY\s¯,

""Gäp]d¨nepIÄ'' (Confessions) Fó Xsâ BßIYbnð

hnip² BKkvXot\mkv kzoIcn¨n«pïv. kpØncw \ne

sImtÅïXn\v Hcph³ B{ibnt¡ï kXys¯¸än

]dbpt¼mgmWv A§s\ sN¿póXv: ""At¸mÄ Rm³

A§bpsS kXy¯nsâ aqibnen«v, hmÀs¯Sp¯v Dd¸p

Åh\mbn \nesImÅpw.''17 ss__nÄ hyàam¡póXp

t]mse, Ncn{X¯nð DS\ofapÅ ssZh¯nsâ hnizkvX

kmón[yhpw Ime§sfbpw bpK§sfbpw Hón¸n¨p\ndp

¯m\pw \½psS PohnX§fpsS NnXdn¡s¸« CgIsf

Hón¨p tNÀ¡m\papÅ AhnSs¯ IgnhpamWv ssZh

¯nsâ hnizmktbmKyamb Cu kXysaóv ImWn¡m

\mWv BKkvXot\mkv Dt±in¡póXv.18 kmlNcy¯nð

\nóp \ap¡Xp {Kln¡mw.

24. Cu {]Imi¯nð hmbn¡pt¼mÄ, {]hmNI]c

amb Cu ]mTw \s½ Hcp \nKa\¯nte¡p \bn¡póp:

\ap¡v Adnhv BhiyamWv, \ap¡v kXyw BhiyamWv.

Fs´ómð Ch IqSmsX \ap¡v Dd¨p\nev¡m\mhpIbnñ.

\ap¡v aptóm«p \o§m³ km[n¡pIbnñ. kXyw IqSm¯

hnizmkw c£n¡pIbnñ. AXp \½psS Nph-Sp-Isf kpc

-£n-X-am-¡p-ónñ. AXv at\mlcamb Hcp IYbmbn \ne

48 49

\nev¡pw. kt´mj¯n\pthïnbpÅ \½psS AKm[amb

Zml¯nsâ {]ISn¸n¡embn \nesImÅpw. \mw kzbw

hôn¡m³ CjvSs¸SpónSt¯mfw \s½ Xr]vXns¸Sp

¯m³ Ignbpó Hómbn \nesImÅpw. Asñ¦nð Bßk

t´mjhpw BËmZhpw \evIpó DbÀó Hcp hnImcw

am{Xambn Npcp§pw. AXv \½psS a\Ênsâ Nm]ey§

Ä¡pw EXpt`Z§Ä¡pw Ccbmbn \nesImÅpw. \nÝ-b-

ZmÀVy-t¯msS PohnXbm{X \S-¯m³ Ignhnñm¯Xmbn

cn¡pw AXv. hnizmkw apI-fnð¸-d-ª-Xp-t]mse Bbncp

só¦nð Blmkv cmPmhv Xsâ Pohs\bpw cmPy-¯nsâ

kpc£nXXzs¯bpw Hcp hnImc¯nsâ tað ]Wbw

shbv¡mXn-cn-¡p-óXv icnbmIpambncpóp. ]t£, hnizmk

¯n\p kXyt¯mSv BćnI_Ôapïv. AXpsImïv

]pXnsbmcp {]Imiw \evIm³ hnizmk¯n\p Ignbpw.

B {]Imiw cmPmhnsâ IW¡pIq«epIsf¡mÄ t{ijvT

amWv. ImcWw, AXv IqSpXð AIse ImWpóp. Xsâ

DS¼SntbmSpw hmKvZm\§tfmSpw hnizkvXX ]peÀ¯pó

ssZh¯nsâ Ics¯ ]cnKWn¡pIbpw sN¿póp.

25. hnizmkhpw kXyhpw X½nepÅ Cu _Ôs¯

¸än Cóv ap³Imes¯¡mÄ Gsd \mw A\pkvacnt¡ï

Xpïv. ImcWw, \½psS ImeL«¯nð kXy¯n\v hnja

ØnXnbpïmbncn¡póp. kaImenIkwkvImc¯nð km

t¦XnIhnZybpsS kXyamWv GI bYmÀ° kXysaóp

Nnń-¡m-\pÅ {]hWX \ap¡v ]e-t¸m-gp-ap-ïv: \½psS

imkv{Xob sshZKv[yw sImïv ]Sp¯pbÀ¯m\pw Af

¡m\pw km[n¡pósXt´m AXmWv kXysaóp Icp-X-

s¸-Spóp. {]hÀ¯\-£-a-am-bn-cn-¡póXpw Pohn-Xs¯ IqSp

Xð Ffp-¸-ap-ÅXpw kpJhpam-¡p-ósXt´m AXp kXy-

ambn-cn¡p-óp. C¡me¯v CXmWv XoÀ¨bpÅ GIkXy-

ambn ImWs¸SpóXv þ ]¦phbv¡mhpó GIkXyw, NÀ¨

bv¡p ASnØm\ambn¯ocm³ Asñ¦nð s]mXp kwcw

`¯n\v ASnØm\ambn¯ocm³ Ignbpó FI-kXyw.

Fómð, Afhp-tImensâ asä- A-ä¯vv hyàn-bpsS

hyàn\njvTamb kXy§sf AwKoIcn¡m³ \mw X¿m-

dmIpóp. Ahsâtbm AhfpsStbm AXyKm[amb t_m[y

§fnð DÄs¡mïncn¡póhbmWv B kXy§Ä. Fómepw

B kXy§Ä B hyànsb kw_Ôn¨p am{Xta km[p

hmbncn¡pIbpÅq. s]mXp \òbv¡p tkh\w sN¿m

\pÅ {ia¯nð aäpÅhÀ¡v Ah \nÀt±in¨psImSp¡m³

IgnhpÅhbñ. Fómð, hyàn]chpw kmaq-ln-I-hp-

amb PohnXs¯ ka{Kambn hnhcn¨p sImSp¡m³ Ign

bpó ]cakXywXsó kwibt¯msS ho£n-¡-s¸-Spóp.

XoÀ¨bmbpw Ignª \qämïnð þ \mw ]dªp tI«n

«pÅXpt]mse þ GIm[n]Xy]camb henb {]Øm\§Ä

X§Ä¡v C¯cw kXyapsïóv AhImis¸«ncpóp.

hyànIfpsS bYmÀ° PohnX§sf sRcn¨pXIÀ¡m³

thïn B kXyw kz´w temIho£Ws¯ ASnt¨

ev]n¨p. Ahkm\w Bt]£nIXmhmZw (Relativism) am{X

-amWv Ct¸mÄ Ah-ti-jn-¨n-cn-¡p-óXv. AXnð kmÀh

{XnIkXysaó {]iv\wþBXyńIambn CXv ssZhsaó

hnjb¯nð F¯n \nev¡pw þ A{]kàambn-cn-¡p-óp.

Cu ho£W{]Imcw aXhpw kXyhpw X½nepÅ _Ôw

hntOZn¡m³ {ian¡pIsbóXv bpànklambncn¡pw.

Fs´ómð AXv aX{`mńsâ (Fanaticism) Imc-W-saóv

AhÀ Icp-Xp-óp. Htc hnizmkw ]¦nSm¯hsc ]oUn¸n

¡póXmWv aX{`mń\v ImcWw. CXns\ kw_Ôn¨n

St¯mfw \½psS kaImenItemI¯vv kaql]cambn«pÅ

HmÀ½¡pdhpsïóp \ap¡p ]dbmw. kXys¯ kw_Ôn¨

{]iv\w bYmÀ°¯nð HmÀ½bpsS {]iv\amWv, km{µ-

amb HmÀ½bpsS {]iv\w. Fs´ómð AXv \ap¡v ap¼p \

50 51

Só Hóns\ kw_Ôn¡póXmWv. \nÊmchpw ]cnanXhp

amb \½psS sshbànIt_m[s¯ AXnibn¡pó hn[

¯nð \s½ sFIys¸Sp¯m³ AXn\p Ignbpw. Akv

XnXzapÅ Fñmänsâbpw DXv]¯nsb¡pdn¨pÅ {]iv\

amWXv. B DXv]¯nbpsS shfn¨¯nð e£ys¯bpw

A§s\ \½psS s]mXpamÀ¤¯nsâ AÀ°s¯bpw

ho£n¡m³ \ap¡p km[n¡pw.

kXys¯bpw kvt\ls¯bpw Ipdn¨pÅ Adnhv

26. Imcy§fpsS ØnXn CXmbncnt¡, kXys¯ {Kln

¡póXnsâ icnbmb amÀ¤s¯ kw_Ôn¨v s]mXp\ò

bv¡p tkh\w sN¿m³ ss{IkvXhhnizmk¯n\p Ign

bptam? Cu tNmZy¯n\v D¯cw ]dbphm³ hnizmk¯n

epÅ Adnhnsâ C\s¯ kw_Ôn¨v \mw Nnń¡Ww.

ChnsS hnip² ]utemknsâ Hcp sNmñv \s½ klmbn

¡m³ iàamWv. ""Hcph³ lrZbw sImïv hnizkn¡póp''

(tdmam 10:10). ss__nfnð lrZbw a\pjyhyànbpsS

tI{µamWv. AhnsS hyànbpsS hyXykvX am\§Ä

Cg tNcpóp: icochpw ssNX\yhpw, BćnIXbpw temI

t¯mSpw A]ctcmSpapÅ Xpdhpw, _p²niàn, COm

iàn, sshImcnIX Fó Cu am\§sfsbñmw Hón

¸n¨v kwhln¡m³ IgnhpÅXmWv lrZbsa¦nð AXnsâ

ImcWw kXyt¯mSpw kvt\lt¯mSpw \mw XpdhpÅh

cmIpóXv AhnsSbmWv FóXmWv. Ah \s½ kv]Àin

¡m\pw \s½ Bg¯nð ]cnhÀ¯nXcm¡m\pw \mw A\p

hZn¡póXpw AhnsSbmWv. kvt\lt¯mSv Hcp hyàn

F{Xam{Xw XpdhpÅh\mbncn¡pópthm A{Xam{Xw apgp

h³ hyànsbbpw hnizmkw cq]mćs¸Sp¯póp.

hnizm-k-¯n-sâbpw kvt\l-¯n-sâbpw Cu kwtbm-Pn-

¸n-¡-en-eqsSbmWv hnizm-k-¯nsâ X\-Xmb Adn-hn-sâ

coXn-sbbpw -t_m[yw hcp-¯m-

\pÅ AXnsâ iàn-sbbpw \

½psS ]mX-Isf {]Im-in-¸n-¡m-

\pÅ AXnsâ Ign-hn-s\bpw

\mw {Kln-¡p-óXv. hnizmkw

Adn-bp-óp. kvt\l-t¯mSp _

Ôn-¡-s¸-«n -cn -¡p-ónSt¯mf

amWv hnizm-k-¯n\v Adn-bm³

Ign-bp-óX,v Fs´-ómð kvt\

lw- AXnð¯só -{]-Im-ihmln-

bm-Wv. \s½ B´-cn-I-ambn

cq]m-´-c-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw ]pXnb

I®p-IÄsImïv bmYmÀ°y

s¯ ImWm³ \s½ ià-cm-

¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-ó ssZh-¯nsâ

Af-hä kvt\lw \mw kzoI-cn-

¡p-t¼m-gmWv hnizmk[mcW

Dïm-Ip-óXv.

27. hnizm-khpw XoÀ¨bpw

X½n-epÅ _Ô-¯n\v X¯z-

Úm-\n-bmb epUvhnKv hnävsK

³sÌ-bn³ \evIn-bn-«pÅ hni-Zo-

I-cWw kp{]-kn-²-am-Wv. At±-

l-̄ nsâ A`n-{]m-b-̄ nð hniz-

kn-¡-ens\ t{]an-¡-ensâ A\p

-`-h-t¯mSp Xmc-Xayw sN¿mw.

AXv hyàn-\n-jvT-amb Hóm-Wv.

Fñm-h-scbpw kw_-Ôn v̈ km[p-

hm-bn-cn-¡pó Hcp kXy-ambn

AXns\ \nÀt±-in-¡m³ km[n-

\s½ B´-cn-I-ambn

cq]m-´-c-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw

]pXnb I®p-IÄ

sImïv bmYmÀ°ys¯

ImWm³ \s½

ià-cm-¡p-Ibpw

sN¿p-ó ssZh-¯nsâ

Af-hä kvt\lw \mw

kzoI-cn-¡p-t¼m-gmWv

hnizmk[mcW

Dïm-Ip-óXv.

52 53

¡p-I-bn-ñ.19 bYmÀ°-¯nð, kvt\ls¯ GsX-¦nepw

Xc-¯nð kXy-t¯mSp _Ô-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-óXmbn C¡m-

e¯v an¡-hcpw Icp-Xp-ón-ñ. kvt\ls¯ £WnIhnIm-

c-§fpsS temI-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸« þ kXyt¯mSv H«pw

_Ô-s¸-Sm¯ þ A\p-`-h-am-bn-«mWv ImWp-óXv.

Fómð CXv kvt\-l-s¯ kw_Ôn¨v ]cym-]vX-amb

hnh-c-W-amtWm? bYmÀ°-¯nð, kvt\ls¯ £W-`w-Kp-

c-amb Hcp hnIm-c-ambn Npcp-¡m³ ]mSn-ñ. \½psS sshIm-

cn-I-X IqSn DÄt¨ÀóXmWv kvt\l-w. kvt\l-`m-P-\-¯n-

te¡v Xpd-hp-ïm-Im³ thïn-bm-W-Xv. A§s\ kzbw

tI-{µo-bX-bnð \nóv AIóv A]-c-\n-te¡pÅ ]mX AXv

{]tim-`n-X-am-¡p-óp. imiz-X-amb Hcp _Ôw Øm]n-¡m

\mWXv. kvt\l`mP-\-hp-am-bpÅ sFIyw kvt\lw -e-£y-

an-Spóp. kvt\l-̄ n\p kXyw F´pam{Xw Bh-iy-ap-sïóv

ChnsS \mw ImWm³ XpS-§p-óp. kvt\lw kXy-¯nð

ASn-bp-d-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-óXnsâ Af-h-\p-k-cnt¨ AXv ZoÀL-

Imew \ne-\n-ev¡p-I-bp-Åq; £Wn-I- \n-an-j-§Ä¡v AXo-

X-am-Ip-I-bpÅq; Hón-¨pÅ bm{Xsb Xm§n-\n-dp-¯m³

thï{X Dd-¸p-Å-Xm-Ip-I-bpÅq.

kvt\l¯n\p kXy-t¯mSp _Ôan-sñ-¦nð AXv Nô

-e-hn-Im-c-§-fpsS Cc-bm-bn-¯o-cpw. ka-b-¯nsâ ]co-£sb

AXn-Po-hn-¡m³ AXn\p Ign-bm-Xm-Ipw. t\tc-a-dn-¨v, bYm

À° kvt\lw, \½psS hyàn-Xz-¯nsâ Fñm LS-I-§-

sfbpw sFIy-s¸-Sp-¯p-óp. AXv al¯-chpw km£m-Xv

Ir-X-hp-amb Hcp Pohn-X-¯n-te-¡pÅ hgn ImWn-¡pó

]pXnb {]Im-i-am-bn-¯o-cp-óp. kXyw IqSm-Xn-cp-ómð Dd-

¸pÅ Hcp-_Ôw Øm]n-¡m³ kvt\l¯n\p Ign-bp-I-

bn-ñ. \½psS Hä-s¸« Als¯ kzX-{´-am-¡m\pw Ign-bp-

I-bn-ñ. Pohn-Xs¯ sI«n-¸Sp¡m\pw ^e-]qÀW-am-¡m\pw

thïn AXns\ £WnI\nan-j-§-fnð \nóv c-£n-¡m\pw

Ign-bp-I-bn-ñ.

kvt\l¯n\p kXyw Bh-iy-ap-sï-¦nð kXy¯n\p

kvt\ls¯bpw Bh-iy--ap-ïv. kXyhpw kvt\lhpw thÀ

Xn-cn-¡m-\m-hm-¯-h-bm-Wv. kvt\l-an-ñm-Xn-cp-ómð kXyw

XWp-¯Xpw hyàn-]-c-a-ñm-¯-Xp-am-Ipw; Bfp-I-fpsS A\p-

Zn-\-Po-hn-Xs¯ ]oUn-¸n-¡p-óXpam-bn-cn-¡pw.

\mw At\z-jn-¡pó kXyw, \½psS Pohn-X-bm-{Xbv¡v

AÀ°-w \evIpó kXyw, \mw kvt\l-¯mð kv]Àin-¡-

s¸-Sp-t¼m-sgñmw \s½ {]Im-i-]qÀW-cm-¡p-óp. kvt\lw

kXym-\p-`-h-am-sWóv kvt\ln-¡p-óh³ a\-Ên-em-¡p-óp.

t{]a-`m-P-\hp-am-bpÅ sFIy-¯nð bmYmÀ°ys¯ ]pXn-

sbmcp coXn-bnð ImWp-hm³ \½psS I®p-IÄ AXp Xpd-

¡p-óp. Cu AÀ°-¯nð, kvt\lw Xsó Adn-hmWv ("amor

ipse notitia est')20 Fóv Fgp-Xm³ alm-\mb hnip² {KnK-dn¡p

km[n-¨p. AXm-b-Xv, kvt\lw Xsó kz´w bpànbpÅ

Hcp Xcw Adn-hm-sWóv At±lw Fgp-Xn. AXv temIs¯

ImWp-óXnsâ _Ô]c-amb Hcp coXn-bm-Wv. temIw

At¸mÄ ]¦p-h-bv¡-s¸-Spó Adn-hnsâ Hcp cq]-am-Ipw; A]-

csâ I®p-I-fn-eq-sS-bpÅ ZÀi-\-am-Ipw; Fñm-än-s\bpw

kw_-Ôn¨ s]mXp ImgvN-¸m-Sm-Ipw.

a[y-bp-K-¯nð skbnâ v Xotb-dn-bnse hneyw Cu ]mc-

¼cyw ]n´p-SÀóp. Imap-I³ Imap-In-tbmSv "\nsâ I®p-IÄ

amS-{]m-hp-I-fmWv' (D-¯a 1:15) Fóp ]d-bpó D¯-a-Ko-X

-hm-Iys¯ hymJym-\n-̈ p-sImïv ]d-bpóp:21 Cu cïp I®p-

IÄ hnizmkw \ndª bpànbpw kvt\l-hp-am-W.v ssZh-

[ym\-¯n-te¡v F¯n-t¨-cp-óXn\v Ah cïpw Hóm-bn-

¯o-cp-óp. ChnsS _p²n -{]-Im-in-X-kvt\-l-¯nsâ _p²n-

bm-bn-¯o-cp-óp.22

54 55

28. Adn-hnsâ Dd-hn-S-saó \ne-bn-epÅ kvt\l-¯nsâ

Cu Isï-¯ð þ Hmtcm kv{Xobp-sSbpw ]pcp-j-sâbpw

BZn-am-\p-`-h-¯nsâ `mK-am-WXv þ hnizm-ks¯ kw_-

Ôn¨ thZ-{K-Ù-[m-c-W-bnð B[n-Im-cnI {]I-mi\w

ImWp-óp. X§sf Xnc-sª-Sp-¡p-Ibpw Hcp P\-am-¡p-

Ibpw sNbvX ssZh-¯nsâ kvt\lw Bkz-Zn-¨Xn-eqsS

ssZhn-I-]-²-Xn-bpsS k¼qÀW sFIyw Xncn-¨-dn-bm³

C{km-tb-en\p Ign-ªp. hnizm-k-þ-A-dnhv ssZh-¯nsâ

DS-¼-Sn-]-c-amb kvt\l¯nð \nóp P\n-¡póXn-\mð

AXv Ncn-{X-¯nð Hcp kômc-amÀKs¯ {]Im-in-¸n-¡pó

Adn-hm-Wv. AXp-sIm-ïmWv ss__n-fnð kXyhpw hniz-

kvX-Xbpw Hón-¨p-t]m-Ip-óXv. kXy-ssZhw hniz-kvX-X-

bpsS ssZh-am-Wv. Ahn-Sóv Xsâ- hm-Kv-Z-m\-§Ä ]men-

¡p-óp. X¡-Im-e¯v Xsâ ]²-Xn-sb-¡p-dn-¨pÅ IqSp-Xð

AKm-[-amb Adnhv km[y-am-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-óp. hn{]hm-

k-¯nsâ thZ-\-bnepw, hnip² \K-c-¯n-te-¡pÅ kp\n-

Ýn-X-amb Xncn-¨p-t]m-¡n-s\-¡p-dn-¨pÅ {]Xym-i-bnepw,

krjvSn XpS§n temI-¯nsâ apgp-h³ Ncn-{X-s¯bpw

BtÇ-jn-¡m-\mbn X§-fpsS Ncn-{X-¯n-\p-a-¸p-d-t¯¡v

Cu ssZhn-I-kXyw Ic-§Ä hncn-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-óp-shóv

{]hm-N-Iòm-am-cpsS A\p-̀ -h-̄ n-eqsS C{km-tbð {Kln-̈ p.

hnizm-k-þ-A-dnhv Hcp {]tXyI P\-X-bpsS `mK-t[-b-¯n³

tað am{X-añ shfn¨w hoip-óXv. krjvSn-¡-s¸« temI-

¯n-sâ, AXnsâ Bcw`w apXð Ah-km\w hsc-bpÅ,

apgp-h³ Ncn-{X-¯n³taepw shfn¨w hoip-óp-ïv.

hnizmkw tIÄhnbpw ImgvNbp-saó \ne-bnð

29. a\pjy-t\mSp kvt\l-_Ô-w Øm]n-¡p-Ibpw Ah-

t\mSp hN-\-a-dn-bn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pó hniz-kvX-\mb Hcp

ssZh-hp-am-bpÅ DS-¼-Sn-tbmSp _Ô-s¸-«-Xm-Wv hnizm-k-

¯nsâ Adn-hv. AXp-sImïp Xsó ss__nÄ AXns\

Ah-X-cn-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-óXv {ih-W-am-bn-«m-Wv. -AXv {ih-tW-

{µn-b-t¯mSp _Ô-s¸-«-Xm-Wv. ¢mkn-¡-em-bn-¯oÀó Hcp

t^mÀape hnip² ]utemkv D]-tbm-Kn-¡póp: "hnizmkw

tIÄhnbnð\nóp hcp-óp' ( fides ex auditu, tdmam 10:17). Hcp

hm¡n-t\mSp _Ô-s¸« Adnhv Ft¸mgpw hyàn-]-c-amb

Adn-hm-Wv. kwkmcn-¡pó hyàn-bpsS i_vZw AXp Xncn

-¨-dn-bp-óp. kzmX-{´y-t¯msS B hyàn-bn-te¡v kzbw

Xpd-¡p-óp. B hyànsb A\p-k-c-W-bnð A\p-K-an-¡p-óp.

A§s\ "hnizm-k-¯nsâ A\p-k-c-Ws¯-¡p-dn¨v (cf td-

mam 1:5; 16:26) ]d-bm³ hnip² ]utem-kn\v km[n-¨p.23

hnizmkw ka-b-K-Xn-tbmSp _Ô-s¸« Adn-hp-am-Wv.

Fs´-ómð- hm¡p-IÄ D¨-cn-¡m³ kabw thWw. injy-

Xz-¯nsâ Hcp bm{X-bnð am{Xw kzmwio-I-cn-¡-s¸-Spó

Hcp Adn-hp-am-W-Xv. A§-s\, Adnhpw kvt\lhpw X½n-

epÅ _Ôw IqSp-Xð hyà-ambn {]Im-in-¸n-¡p-óXn\v

{ih-Ww- klm-bn-¡p-óp.

kXy-¯nsâ Adn-hns\ kw_-Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw Nne-t¸m-

sg-¦nepw tIÄhnsb ImgvNbv¡v hncp-²-am-bn- Ah-X-cn-¸n-

¨n-«p-ïv. ImgvNbv¡v Duóð \evIp-I-sb-óXv {Ko¡p- kwkv

Imc-¯nsâ khn-tijXbm-W.v

a\p-jy³ Ft¸mgpw Bin-¨n-«pÅ kmI-ey-XbpsS

[ym\s¯ shfn¨w km[y-am-¡p-sa-¦nepw asämcp hi-¯p-

\nóp t\m¡n-bmð AXv kzmX-{´y-¯n\v CSw \evIp-

ónñ Fóp ]d-bmw. Imc-Ww, AXv kzÀK-¯nð \nón-d-§n,

t\cn«v I®p-I-fn-te¡p F¯p-óp; I®nsâ {]Xyp-¯cw

{]Xo-£n-¡msX Xsó. a\p-jy³ kt´m-jn-¡p-Ibpw

kln-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pó temI-K-Xn-bnð \nópw thÀs]«v

56 57

Hcp \nÝ-e-[ym-\¯n-te¡v AXv \s½ £Wn-¡póp

shópw tXmómw. Cu ho£-W-tIm-Wnð\nóp t\m¡p-

t¼mÄ Adn-hn-s\-¡p-dn-¨pÅ thZ-{K-Ù-]-c-amb [mcW

{Ko¡p-Im-cpsS [mc-Wbv¡v hncp-²-am-bn-cn-¡pw. Imc-Ww,

bmYmÀ°y-¯nsâ ka-{K-amb Adnhp t\Sm-\pÅ {ia-

¯n-ð {Ko¡p-ImÀ Adn-hn-s\ -Im-gvN-tbmSp _Ôn¸n-¨p.

Fómepw Btcm-]n-¡-s¸-Spó Cu ssh-cp²yw thZ-{K-

Ù-]-c-amb hnh-c-§-tfmSv tbmPn-¡p-ón-ñ. ]g-b- \n-baw

cïp-X-c-¯n-ep-apÅ Adn-hns\ Iq«n-t¨À¯p.- Im-c-Ww,

ssZh-¯nsâ hN\w tIÄ¡ð Ahn-Ss¯ apJw ImWm-

\pÅ B{K-l-t¯mSp tNÀóncpóp. A§s\ {Ko¡p

kwkvImchp-am-bpÅ Hcp kwhm-Z-¯n-\p-thï ]Ým-¯-e-

ap-ïm-bn. hnip-²-en-Jn-X-¯nsâ lrZb-¯nð¯sóbpÅ

Hcp kwhm-Z-am-W-Xv. {ihWw hyàn-]-c-amb hnfn¡pw

A\p-k-cW-¯n\pw kXyw Ime-¯n-\p-Ånð shfn-hm-

¡-s¸-Sp-óp-shó bmYmÀ°y-¯n\pw Duóð \evIp-óp.

ImgvN apgp-h³ bm{Xm-]Y-¯nsâbpw Hcp ZÀi\w \ev

Ip-óp. AXv ssZh-¯nsâ ka-{K-amb ]²-Xn-bpsS DÅnð

Øm]n-¡-s¸-Sm³ A\p-h-Zn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-óp. Cu ZÀi-

\-an-ñm-Xn-cp-ómð, AÚm-X-amb k¼qÀW-X-bpsS ]c-

kv]-c-_-Ô-an-ñm¯ `mK-§Ä am{Xw ImWpóh-cm-bn- \mw

Ah-ti-jn-¡pw.

30. hnizm-k--Úm-\-¯nsâ am[y-a-§Ä Fó \ne-bnð

ImgvNbpw tIÄhnbpw X½n-epÅ _Ôw hnip² tbml-

ómsâ kphn-ti-j-¯nð Gähpw hyà-ambn ImWmw. \

mem-as¯ kphn-ti-j-a-\p-k-cn¨v hniz-kn-¡p-Isb-ómð

Htc kabw "tIÄ¡pI' FóXpw "ImW-p-I' FóXpam-Wv.

hnizm-k-¯nsâ tIÄhn kw`-hn-¡p-óXv kvt\l-¯nsâ

Xsó Adn-hnsâ cq]-¯nem-Wv: AXv hyàn-]-c-amb {ih-

W-am-Wv. kzcw hnth-Nn¨v \ñ CS-btâXv Xncn-¨-dn-bpó

HómWv (cf tbml 10:3þ5). BZys¯ injyòm-cpsS Imcy-

¯nseót]m-se-Xsó injyXzw Bh-iy-am-bn-h-cpó tIÄ

hnbm-WXv: "tbip C¡m-cy-§Ä ]d-bp-óXp-tI«v AhÀ

Ahs\ A\p-K-an-¨p' (tbml 1 :37).

Fómð, hnizmkw ImgvN-tbmSpw _Ô-s¸-«n-cn-¡pó

Hóm-Wv. tbip {]hÀ¯n¨ AS-bm-f-§-fpsS ImgvN Nne

kµÀ`-§-fnð Bfp-Isf hnizm-k-¯n-te¡p \bn-¨n-«p-ïvv,

emk-dns\ DbnÀ¸n¨ kw`-h-¯n-\p-ti-jw, "Ah³ sNbvX-

sX-s´óp Iïv Ah-\nð hniz-kn¨' (tbml 11:45) blq

Zsct¸mse. aäv Ahk-c-§fnð hnizmkw XsóbmWv IqSp-

Xð AKm-[-amb ZÀi-\-¯n-te¡p \bn-¡p-óXv; "hniz-kn-

¨mð \o ssZh-al¯zw ZÀin¡pw' (tbml 11:40).

Ah-km-\w, hnizmkhpw ImgvNbpw ]c-kv]cw kwK-an

¡p-óp. "Fónð hniz-kn-¡p-óh³...-Fsó Ab-¨-h-\n-

emWp hniz-kn-¡p-óXv. Fsó ImWp-óh³ Fsó Ab-

¨-hs\ ImWp-óp' (tbml 12:44-þ45). At¸mÄ tIÄhnbp-

am-bpÅ Cu sFIy-¯nsâ ^e-ambn ImgvN {InkvXzm\p-

K-a\w Bbn-¯o-cpóp. hnizmkw Däp-t\m¡-ensâ Hcp

{]bm-W-ambn ImW-s¸-Spóp. AXnð I®p-IÄ AKm-[-

ZÀi-\-¯n-\mbnv ]cn-io-e\w t\Sp-Ibpw sN¿póp. CuÌÀ

{]`mXw A§s\ tbml-óm-\nð \nóv adnbw aKv-Z-te-\-

bn-te¡p \o§póp: tbml-óm³ iq\y-amb Iñ-d-bpsS

ap¼nð AXn-cmhn-es¯ Ccp-«nð \nóp-sImïv "ImWp-

Ibpw hniz-kn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp' (tbml 20:8). aKvZ-te\

adnbw tbip-hns\ I-ï-Xn-\p-tijw (cf tbml 20:14),

Ahs\ ]nSn-¨p\ndp-¯m³ B{K-ln-¨-p-. ]nXm-hnsâ ]¡-

te¡v {]bmWw sN¿p-óXsó [ym\n-¡m³ tbip Ah-

tfmSp Iev]n-¨p. Ah-km\w injyòm-cpsS ap¼nð Ah-Ä

58 59

k¼qÀW-amb Gäp-]-d-¨nð \S¯n: "Rm³ IÀ¯m-hns\

Iïp' (tbml 20:18).

tIÄhnbpw ImgvNbpw X½n-epÅ Cu DZv{K-Y-\-¯nð

Hcp- hyàn F§s\ F¯n-t¨cpw? Zriy\pw {ihy-\p-amb

{InkvXp-hm-Ipó hyàn-bn-eqsS XsóbmWv AXp km[y-

am-IpóXv. Ahn-Sóv amwkw-[cn¨ hN-\-am-Wv. Ahn-Ss¯

al¯zw \½Ä Iï-XmWv (tbml 1:14). hnizm-k¯nsâ

shfn¨w ]nXmhv Zriy-\m-Ipó Hcp apJ¯nsâ shfn-¨-

am-Wv. \memw kphn-ti-j-¯nð hnizmkw BÀÖn-¡pó

kXyw ]p{X-\n-epÅ ]nXmhnsâ shfn-s¸-Sp-¯-em-Wv.

AhnSs¯ ico-c¯nepw Ahn-Ss¯ `uan-I-{]-hr-¯n-I-fn-

ep-apÅ shfn-s¸-Sp-¯-em-Wv. "tbip-hnsâ ̀ mkpc PohnXw'

Fóv \nÀh-Nn-¡-s¸-Sm-hpó kXy-amWXv.24

hnizm-k-¯nsâ A-dnhv \½psS ho£-Ws¯ tIhew

B´-cn-I-k-Xy-¯n-te¡p am{Xw \bn-¡p-I-bñ sN¿p-óXv

FómWv CXnsâ AÀ°w. hnizmkw \ap¡p shfn-s¸-

Sp-¯n-¯-cpó kXyw {InkvXp-hp-am-bpÅ Iïp-ap-«-enð

tI{µo-Ir-X-amb kXy-am-Wv; Ahn-Ss¯ Pohn-X-s¯-¡p-dn-

¨pÅ [ym\-¯nepw Ahn-Ss¯ kmón-[y-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pÅ

Aht_m[-¯nepw tI{µo-Ir-X-amb kXyw.

D°n-X-\mb IÀ¯m-hnsâ ico-cnIZÀi-\-¯n\p apón-

epÅ A¸-kvtXm-eòmcpsS "ImWpó hnizm-ks¯' (oculata

fides) kw_-Ôn¨p hnip² tXmakv AIzo-\mkv Cu AÀ°-

¯n-emWv ]d-bp-óXvv!25 AhÀ D°n-X-\mb {InkvXp-hns\

X§-fpsS I®p-IÄsIm-ïp- I-ïp, AhÀ hniz-kn-¡p-

Ibpw sNbvXp. Npcp-¡n-¸-d-ªmð, ]nXm-hnsâ he-¯p-

`m-K-¯n-cn-¡pó ssZh-]p-{X-\n-epÅ X§-fpsS hni-zmkw

Gäp-]-d-bm-³ thïn X§Ä Iï-Xnsâ AKm-[-X-bn-te-

¡p Däpt\m¡m³ AhÀ¡p km[n-¨p.

31. Cu hn-[-¯nð am{Xta, a\p-jym-h-Xm-c-¯n-eqsS

\½psS a\p-jy-Xz-¯nepÅ ]¦p-tNcen-eqsS am{Xta, kvt\

l-¯n-sâ- X\-Xmb Adn-hn\v ]qÀW-k-^-e-X-bn-te¡p

hcm³ km[n-¡p-am-bn-cp-óp-Åq. Fs´-ómð, \½p-sS -lr-

Z-b-§Ä kv]Àin-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw Xsâ clkyw Xncn-¨-dn-

bm³ \s½ ià-cm-¡pó kvt\l`mP-\-¯nsâ B´-cnI

kmón-[y-¯n-te¡p \mw kzbw Xpd-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-t¼mÄ

kvt\l-¯nsâ {]Imiw P\n-¡póp. tIÄhntbmSpw Imgv

NtbmSpw H¸w hnip² tbml-óm\v kv]Ài\hpw hnizm-

kamWv FóXnsâ s]mcpÄ \ap¡v A§s\ a\-Ên-

em-¡mw. Xsâ BZys¯ teJ-\-¯nð At±lw Øm]n-

¡póp: "Pohsâ hN-\-s¯-¡p-dn¨v R§Ä tI«Xpw

kz´w I®p-IÄsIm-ïp IïXpw kq£n-¨p-ho-£n-¨Xpw

ssIsImïv kv]Àin-¨Xpw...' (1 tbml 1:1).

amwkw [cn¨v \½psSbnS-bn-te¡p hóXp-hgn tbip

\s½ kv]Àin-¨p. IqZm-i-I-fn-eqsS Ahn-Sóv Cópw \s½

kv]Àin-¨p-sIm-ïn-cn-¡p-óp. Cu coXn-bnð \½p-sS -lr-Z-

b-§sf cq]m-´-c-s¸-Sp¯ns¡mïv Ah-nSs¯ ssZh-]p

-{X-\mbn AwKo-I-cn-¡m\pw {]tLm-jn-¡m\pw Aóv Ahn-

Sóv A\p-h-Zn-¨p. Cópw A\p-h-Zn-¡póp. hnizm-k-¯nð

\ap¡v Ahn-Ss¯ kv]Àin-¡p-Ibpw Ahn-Ss¯ Ir]m-h-c-

¯nsâ iàn kzo-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿mw. cà-{km-h-¡mcn

kv{Xo tbip-hns\ kv]Àin-¡p-Ibpw kpJ-s¸-Sp--Ibpw

sNbvX kw`-h-¯nsâ hnh-c-Ww (cf eq¡m 8:45þ46) hymJym-

\n-¨p-sImïv hnip² BK-kvXo-t\mkv C§s\ ]d-bpóp:

"\½psS lrZ-bw-sImïv Ahn-Ss¯ kv]Àin-¡p-I, AXm-

Wv hniz-kn-¡p-I-sb-óXnsâ AÀ°w'.26 P\-¡q«w tbip-

hns\ Xn¡n-sR-cp-¡p-óp. ]t£, hnizm-k-¯nsâ hyàn-

]-c-amb kv]Ài-\-t¯msS AhÀ Ahn-Ss¯ ]¡-te¡v

F¯pón-ñ. Ahn-Sóv ]nXm-hns\ shfn-s¸-Sp-¯pó ]p{X

60 61

-\m-sWó clkyw B kv]À

i\-t¯m-sS-bmWv Xncn-¨-dnbp

óXv. \mw tbip-hn-t\mSv A\p-

cq-]-s¸-s«-¦nð am{Xta, Ahn-

Ss¯ ImWm³ Bh-iy-am-bn

cn-¡pó I®p-IÄ \ap¡v e`n-

¡p-I-bp-Åq.

hnizm-khpw bpànbpw

X½n-epÅ kwhmZw

32. ss{IkvXh-hn-izmkw

ssZh¯nsâ k¼qÀW-kvt\-

l¯nsâ kXys¯ {]tLm-jn

¡pIbpw B kvt\l-¯nsâ

iàn-bn-te¡p \s½ Xpd-¡p-

Ibpw sN¿p-óX-\p-k-cn¨v AXv

\½psS am\p-jn-Im-\p-̀ -h n̄sâ

tI{µ¯n-te¡p Bgvón-d§p-óp.

kvt\lw aqew \½nð Hmtcm-cp-

¯cpw {]Im-i-¯n-te¡p hcp-

óp. \½nð Hmtcm-cp-̄ cpw {]Im-

i-¯nð \ne-\-nev¡m³ thïn

kvt\ln-¡m³ hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp-I

bpw sN¿p-óp. tbip-hnð shfn-

hm-¡-s¸« ssZh-kvt\l¯mð

apgp-h³ bmYmÀ°y-s¯bpw

{]Imin-¸n-¡m³ Xo{h-ambn B{K

-ln-̈ p-sImïpw AtX kvt\l

¯mð aäp-Å-hsc kvt\ln-¡m³

]cn{ian-¨p-sImïpw BZn-a

ss{IkvX-hÀ kXy-¯n-\p-

thïn Zmln-¡pó {Ko¡p-Im-cpsS temI-¯nð kwhm-Z-

¯n-\pÅ BZÀi]-c-amb ]¦m-fn-sb- I-ïp.

{]mNo-\-Im-es¯ ZmÀi-\n-I-Nn-´bp-am-bpÅ kphn-ti-

j-k-tµ-i-¯nsâ Iïp-ap-«ð kIe P\-X-I-fp-sSbpw kphn-

ti-j-h-XvI-c-W-¯n\v ASn-¯d ]mInb \nÀWm-b-I-amb

Hcp kw`-h-am-bn-c-póp. B Iïp-ap-«ð hnizm-khpw bpànbpw

X½n-epÅ ̂ e-]qÀW-amb ]c-kv]-c-{]-hÀ¯-\s¯ {]tNm-

Zn-¸n-¨p. B {]hÀ¯\w \qäm-ïp-I-fn-eqsS \½psS Cu

Ime-L-«w-hsc XpScpóp.

hnizm-khpw bpànbpw F§s\ ]c-kv]cw iàn-s¸-

Sp-¯p-óp-shóv hmgv¯-s¸« tPm¬t]mÄ cïm-a³ amÀ

]m¸ hnizm-khpw bpànbpw (Fides et Ratio) Fó Nm{In-I-

te-J-\-¯nð ImWn-¨p-X-ón-«p-ïv.27 {InkvXp-hn-\pÅ kvt\

l-¯nsâ ]qÀW-amb {]Imiw Hcn¡ð \mw Isï-¯n-

bmð \mw Hcp hkvXpX a\-Ên-em-¡pw: AXm-b-Xv, \½psS

Pohn-X-¯n-epÅ Hmtcm kvt\lhpw B {]Im-i-¯nsâ Hcp

civan DÄs¡m-Åp-ópïmbncp-óp. AXnsâ BXy-́ n-I-amb

e£yhpw \mw {Kln-¡p-óp. \½psS am\p-jn-I- kvt\-lw-

{]Im-i-¯nsâ B civan DÄs¡m-Åp-ópsïó hkvXpX

\ap-¡p-thïn ssZh-]p-{X³ \S-¯nb k¼qÀW -kz-bw-Zm-

\-¯nte¡pÅ kvt\l-¯nsâ {]bmWw ImWm³ \s½

klm-bn-¡p-óp. hr¯m-I-c-¯n-epÅ Cu Ne-\-¯nð hniz

-k-¯nsâ shfn¨w \½psS kIe am\p-jn-I-_-Ô-§-

sfbpw {]Im-in-¸n¡p-óp. Fón«v B _Ô-§-Ä {In-kvXp-

hnsâ {]im-´-kvt\-l-hp-am-bpÅ sFIy-¯nð \ap¡v

Pohn-¡m\mhpw.

33. hnip² BK-kvXo-t\m-knsâ Pohn-X-̄ nð Cu {]bm

W-¯nsâ {it²-b-amb Hcp amXrI \mw ImWpóp. Ahn-sS

bpàn, AXnsâ kXy-¯n\pw hyà-Xbv¡pw thïn-bpÅ

{InkvXp-hn-\pÅ

kvt\l-¯nsâ

]qÀW-amb {]Imiw

Hcn¡ð \mw

Isï-¯n-bmð \mw

Hcp hkvXpX

a\-Ên-em-¡pw:

AXm-b-Xv, \½psS

Pohn-X-¯n-epÅ

Hmtcm kvt\lhpw

B {]Im-i-¯nsâ

Hcp civan DÄs¡m-Åp-

ópïmbncp-óp.

62 63

B{K-l-t¯m-Sp-Iq-sS hnizm-k-¯nsâ N{Ihm-f-t¯mSv DZv

{K-Yn-¡-s¸-«p. A§s\ ]pXnb Adnhp k¼m-Zn-¨p. Hcp

`mK¯v {Ko¡p-Im-cpsS ImgvNbpsS {]m[m\yw Duón-¸d-

bpó {]Imi¯nsâ X¯z-imkv{Xw BK-kvXo-t\mkv

kzoI-cn-¨p. s\tbm-t¹-täm-Wn-khpam-bpÅ (Neoplatonism)

k¼À¡w At±-ls¯ {]Im-i-¯nsâ Hcp khn-tij\nZ

Ài-\-hp-ambn ]cn-N-b-s¸-Sp¯n. kIe bmYmÀ°y-s¯bpw

{]Im-in-¸n-¡m³ DóX-¯nð \nóp Cd§n hcpó B

{]Imiw ssZh-¯nsâ Hcp {]XoIw BWv. A§s\ BK

-kvXo-t\mkv ssZh-¯nsâ kÀhm-Xn-im-bnXzw hne-a-Xn-

¡m³ XpS§n. Fñm hkvXp-¡Ä¡pw -ssZ-h-¯nsâ \òsb

{]Xn-^-en-¸n-¡m-\pÅ Hcp kpXm-cy-X-bp-sï-óv At±lw

Isï-¯n. Cu Xncn-¨-dnhv a\nt¡-b-\n-k-¯nð \nóv At±-

ls¯ kzX-{´-\m-¡n. \òbpw Xnòbpw X½nð \nc-´-

c-kw-L-«-\-¯n-em-sWópw Ah k¦oÀW-ambn ]c-kv]cw

Cg-t¨Àón-cn-¡p-ópshópw Nnń-¡m³ a\n-t¡-b-\nkw

At±-ls¯ t{]cn-¸n-¨n-cp-óp. ssZhw {]Im-i-am-Ip-óp-

shó Xncn-¨-dnhv BK-kvXo-t\m-kn\v Pohn-X-¯nð ]pXn-

sbmcp Znimt_m[w \evIn. Xsâ ]m]m-hØ AwKo-I-cn-

¡m\pw \ò-bn-te¡p Xncn-bm\pw AXv At±-ls¯ Ign-

hp-ä-h-\m¡n.

adp-h-i¯v, BK-kvXo-t\m-knsâ hnizm-k-bm-{X-bpsS

\nÀWm-bI \nan-jw, Gäp-]-d-¨n-ep-IÄ- Fó Bß-I-

Y-bnð ]d-bp-óXpt]mse, DóX-¯n-epÅ, Cu temI-

¯n\¸pd-¯pÅ ssZh¯nsâ ZÀi-\-am-bn-cp-ón-ñ. ]nsót-

bm, {ih-W-¯nsâ Hc-\p-`hambn-cp-óp. ]qt´m-«-¯nðh¨v

At±lw XtómSv C§s\ ]d-bp-óXmbn Hcp i_vZw tI«p:

"FSp-¯p- hm-bn-¡pI'. At±lw At¸mÄ hnip-²- ]u-tem-

knsâ teJ-\-§-fS§nb {KÙ-sa-Sp-¯v tdmam-¡mÀ¡pÅ

teJ-\-¯nsâ ]Xn-aqómw A[ymbw hmbn-¨p- Xp-S-§n.28

a\p-jy-t\mSp kwkm-cn-¡m\pw Ah-t\m-sSm¯p h-kn-

¡m³ Xmtg-¡nd§n-h-cm\pw Ncn--{X-¯n-eq-sS-bpÅ Ahsâ

bm{X-bnð kl-N-cn-¡m\pw tIÄhn-bpsSbpw {]Xyp-¯-c-

¯n-sâbpw kab¯v kzbw shfn-s¸-Sp-¯m\pw Ign-hpÅ

ss__n-fnse hyàn-]-c-\mb ssZhw A§s\ At±-l-

¯n\p {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp-óp.

Fómepw hN-\-¯nsâ ssZh-hp-am-bpÅ Cu Iïp-ap-

«ð {]Im-i-s¯bpw ImgvNsbbpw XÅn-¡-f-bm³ BK-kv

Xo-t\m-kns\ t{]cn-¸n-¡p-ón-ñ. tb-ip-hn-epÅ ssZh-kvt\-

l¯nsâ shfn-]m-Sn-\mð Øncw \bn-¡-s¸«v At±lw

{ih-W-¯n-sâXpw ImgvNbp-sSbpamb cïp ho£-W-§-

sfbpw ka-\z-bn-¸n-¨p.- A{]-Imcw BK-kvXo-t\mkv shfn-

-̈̄ nsâ Hcp X¯z-imkv{Xw hnI-kn-̧ n-s -̈Sp-̄ p. hm¡n\p

kzIo-b-amb ]mc-kv]-cys¯bpw shfn-¨-¯n-te¡p t\m¡p

óXnð \nóp-ïm-Ipó kzmX-{ý-s¯bpw BtÇ-jn-¡m³

Ign-bpó Hcp X¯z-im-kv{X-am-W-Xv.

hm¡nt\mSp kzX-{ámb {]Xyp-¯-cw tNÀóp-t]mIp-

óXp-t]mse {]Imiw AXp {]Xn-^-en-¸n-¡pó {]Xn-_nw-

_-¯nð Hcp {]Xyp-¯-cw Isï¯p-óp. AXp-sIm-ïv

BK-kvXo-t\m-kn\v tIÄhn-sbbpw ImgvNsbbpw Iq«n-t¨

À-¡m\pw "DÅnð {]I-min-¡pó hm¡n-s\'29 kw_-Ôn¨v

]d-bm\pw km[n-¡póp. {]Imiw Hcp hm¡nsâ {]Im-i

-am-bn-¯o-cp-óp-shóp ]d-bmw. Fs´-ómð AXv hy-àn-

]-c-amb Hcp apJ--¯nsâ {]Im-i-am-Wv. \s½ {]Im-in-¸n-

¨psImïv \s½ hnfn-¡p-Ibpw \½psS apJ¯v {]Xn-_nw-

_n¡m\pw \½psS DÅnð \nóv {]Im-in-¡m\pw AXp

]cn-{ian-¡p-Ibpw sN¿póp. Fómepw Ncn-{X-¯nsâ

shdpw `mK-§Ä am{Xw ImWmsX apgp-h³ bmYmÀ°y-

s¯bpw ImWm-\pÅ B{Klw \½nð Ah-ti-jn-¡p-óp.

64 65

B B{Klw Ah-km\w ]qÀ¯o-I-cn-¡-s¸-Spw; BK-kvXo

-t\mkp ]d-bp-óXp-t]mse \mw ImWp-Ibpw kvt\ln¡p-

Ibpw sN¿p-t¼mÄ \nd-th-dpw.30 apgp-h³ shfn-¨hpw ssIb-

S-¡m³ \ap¡p Ign-bp-óXp-sIm-ïñ AXp \nd-thdp-óXv.

{]Imiw Ft¸mgpw A£b-a-mbn-cn-¡pw. \½Ä apgp-h-\mbn

B {]Im-i-¯n-te¡v {]th-in-¡p-óXp-sImïmWv AXp

]qÀ¯o-I-cn¡-s¸-Sp-óXv.

34. -kXys¯ kw_-Ôn¨ \½psS Ime-L-«-¯nse

tNmZy-§sf {]Im-in-¸n-¡m³ hn-izm-k-¯n\p kz´-a-mbn-

«pÅ kvt\l-¯nsâ shfn-¨-¯n\v Ign-bpw. Cóp an¡-

t¸mgpw kXyw Hmtcm-cp-¯-cp-sSbpw

hyàn-\njvT-amb B[nIm-cn-I-X-bmbn Npcp-¡-s¸-Sp-I-

bm-Wv.- AXv hyàn-bpsS Pohn-Xs¯ kw_-Ôn¨p am{Xta

km[phmbn-cn-¡p-I-bp-Åq. tkzOm-[n-]-Xy-]-c-amb k{¼-Zm-

b-§fpsS ASn-t¨-ev]n-¡ent\mSv s]mXp-k-Xys¯ \mw

XZm-ßy-s -̧Sp¯p-óXn\mð AXp \½nð `b-ap-f-hm-¡p-óp.

Fómð kXyw kvt\l¯nsâ kXy-am-sW-¦nð, \nXy

-\mb A]-c-t\mSpw aäp-Å-h-tcm-Sp-apÅ hyàn-]-c-amb

Hcp Iïp-ap-«-enð shfnhm-¡s¸-Spó kXy-am-Wv AsX-

¦nð, hyàn-I-fnð AXv A\p-`-hn-¡pó XS-¦-enð \nóv

AX-ns\ kzX-{´-am-¡pIbpw s]mXp-\ò-bpsS `mK-am-¡p-

Ibpw sN¿pw.

kvt\l-¯nsâ kXy-saó \ne-bnð _ew {]tbm-

Kn¨v ASn-t¨-ev]n-¡m-hp-ó -H-óm-bn-cn-¡p-I-bpanñ AXv;

hyànsb izmkw ap«n-¡p-ó Hóm-bn-cn-¡p-I-bp-an-ñ. AXv

kvt\l-¯nð \nóp P\n-¨-Xm-I-bmð lrZ-b-¯n-te¡v,

Hmtcm kv{Xobp-sSbpw ]pcp-j-sâbpw hyàn-]-c-amb tI{µ-

¯n-te¡v Bgvón-d§m³ AXn\p km[n-¡pw. At¸mÄ

hyà-am-bpw, Hcp Xc-¯nepw hg-§m¯ Hóñ hnizm-kw,

]nsótbm aäp-Å-h-cp-am-bpÅ BZ-c-]qÀW-amb klm-kv

Xn-Xz-¯nð hf-cpó Hóm-Wv.

hniz-mkn- Al-¦m-cn-bñ. t\sc adn-¨v, kXyw Ahs\

hn\o-X\m-¡p-óp. ImcWw, kXys¯ \mw ssIh-i-s¸-

Sp-¯póXn-t\-¡mÄ kXy-amWv \s½ BtÇ-jn-¡p-Ibpw

ssIh-i-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw sN¿p-ósXóv Fñm hnizm-kn-

Ifpw Adn-bp-óp. hnizmkw \evIpó kpc-£n-XXzw \s½

ab-an-ñm-¯-h-cm-¡p-óXn-t\-¡mÄ AXp \s½ Hcp bm{X

bv¡p ]pd-s¸-Sm³ X¿m-dm-¡p-IbmWv sN¿p-óXv. Fñm-h

À¡pw km£yw \evIm\pw Fñm-h-cp-ambn kwhm-Z-¯nð

GÀs¸-Sm\pw AXv \s½ ià-cm-¡póp.

kvt\l-¯nsâ kXy-t¯mSp tNÀó hnizm-k shfn¨w

ùXn-I-tem-I-¯n-\-¸p-d-¯p-Å-Xp-a-ñ. Fs´-ómð, kvt\

lw Ft¸mgpw ico-c-¯nepw Bßm-hnepw Pohn-¡-s¸-Sp-óp.

hnizm-k -shfn¨w tbip-hnsâ `mkpc Pohn-X-¯nð \nóv

{]k-cn-¡p-ó Ah-X-cn¨ {]Im-i-am-Wv. AXv ùXn-I-tem-

I-s¯bpw {]Im-in-¸n-¡p-óp, AXnsâ {Ia-¯nð hniz-kn-

¡p-óp, Ft¸mgpw hnkvXr-X-am-Ipó [mc-W-bp-sSbpw

ka-\z-b-¯nsâbpw Hcp ]mX Xpd-¡-s¸-Sp-óp-shóv AXv-

A-dn-bp-Ibpw sN¿p-óp. A§s\ imkv{X-¯nsâ ho£Ww

hnizm-k-¯nð \nóv t\«w ssIh-cn¡póp: bmYmÀ°y-

t¯mSpw AXnsâ kIe A£-b-k-¼-óX-tbmSpw \nc-

ćw Xpd-hp-Å-h-cm-bn-cn-¡m³ hnizmkw imkv{X-Ús\

£Wn-¡p-óp.

kz´w t^mÀap-e-IÄ am{Xw D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-óXnð \nóv

XS-ªp-sImïv hnaÀi-\m-ßI_p²nsb hnizmkw X«n-

bp-WÀ¯p-óp. {]IrXn Ft¸mgpw IqSpXð hep-Xm-sWóv

a\-Ên-em-¡m\pw AXns\ klm-bn-¡p-óp. AKm-[-amb

krjvSn-c-l-ky¯nsâ ap¼nð AÛp-X-ap-WÀ¯n-s¡mïv

66 67

hnizmkw bpàn-bpsS N{I-hm

-f-§sf hn]p-eo-I-cn-¡p-óp. im

kv{Xob Kth-j-W-¯n\p kzbw

Xpd-¡p-ó temI-̄ n³tað IqSp-

Xð shfn¨w hoip-óXn-\p-th-

ïn-bm-W-Xv.

hnizm-khpw ssZh-mt\z-j-

Whpw

35. ssZhs¯ At\z-jn-

¡pó Fñm-h-cp-sSbpw amÀK-

s¯bpw tbip-hn-epÅ hnizm-k-

shfn¨w {]Im-in-¸n-¡póp. hy

Xy-kvX-a-X-§-fpsS A\p-bm-bn-

I-fp-ambn kwhm-Zw- \S-¯pó

Xn\v khn-ti-j-amb ss{IkvX

h-kw-`m-h\ \evIp-Ibpw sN¿p-

óp. A{_m-l-hp-am-bpÅ DS-¼-

Sn¡p ap¼p-Xsó hnizm-k-̄ nð

ssZhs¯ At\z-jn¨ \oXn-am

òm-cpsS km£y-s¯-¡p-dn¨v

sl{_m-bÀ¡pÅ teJ-\-¯nð

]d-bpópïv. Gt\m-¡n-s\-¸än

C§s\ ]d-bpóp: "Ah³

ssZhs¯ {]km-Zn-¸n-¨p-shóp

km£yw e`n¨p' (sl{_m 11:5).

hnizmkw IqSm-Xn-cp-ómð AXv

Akm-[y-am-Wv. Fs´-ómð

"ssZh-k-ón-[n-bnð icWw {]m

]n-¡p-óhÀ ssZhw Dsïópw

Xsó At\z-jn-¡p-óhÀ¡v Ahn-Sóv {]Xn-êw \evIp-

saópw hniz-kn-¡Ww' (sl{_m 11:6).

CXnð \nóv Hcp Imcyw \ap¡p hyà-am-Ipw: aXm-\p-

km-cn-bmb a\p-jysâ ]mX \s½ Im¯p- kw-c-£n-¡p-ó

ssZh-s¯ AwKo-I-c-n-¡póXn-eqsS ISóp-t]m-Ipóp; B

ssZhs¯ Iïp-ap-«pI Akm[y-añ. Iïpap-«m³ kzbw

A\p-h-Zn-¡p-IsbóX-ñmsX Xsó At\z-jn-¡p-óhÀ¡v

asä´p {]Xn-^-e-amWp ssZh-¯n\p \evIm\mhpI?

AXn-\p-ap-¼p- \mw Bt_-ens\ Iïp-ap«póp. Ahsâ

hnizmkw {]iw-kn-¡-s¸-«p. Ah³ kaÀ¸n¨ ImgvN-bnð

þ B«n³]-ä-¯nse {]Y-a-Pm-X-cnð þ ssZhw {]km-Zn-¨p

(sl{_m 11:4). A\p-Zn-\-Po-hn-Xm-\p-`-h-§fnepw EXp-¡-fpsS

hr¯-§-fn-epw `qan-bpsS ê-]p-jvSn-bnepw {]]-ô-¯nsâ

Ne-\-¯nepw ssZh-¯nsâ AS-bm-f-§Ä ImWm³ aXm-

ßI a\p-jy³ ]cn-{i-an-¡p-óp. ssZhw {]Im-in¡p-óh\m-

Wv. BßmÀ° lrZ-b-t¯msS Ahn-Ss¯ At\z-jn-¡p-

óhÀ¡v Ahn-Ss¯ Isï-¯m³ Ign-bpw.

Cu At\z-j-W-¯nsâ Hcp {]Xn-_nw_w ]qP-cm-Pm-¡òm-

cnepw ImWmw. AhÀ t_Xve-sl-an-te¡v \£-{X-¯mð \

bn-¡-s¸«p (cf a¯m 2:1þ12). Ahsc kw_-Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw

ssZh-¯nsâ shfn¨w AhÀ \S-t¯ï Hcp bm{X-bm-bn,

Isï-¯-ensâ ]mX-bnð Ahsc \bn¨ Hcp \£-{X-am-bn,

ImW-s -̧«p. \£{Xw \½psS I®p-I-tfmSp ssZhw ImWn-

¡pó £a-bpsS Hc-S-bm-f-am-Wv. Ahn-Ss¯ {] -̀tbmSp kp]-

cn-Nn-X-am-Im³ \½psS I®p-IÄ hf-tc-ïn-bn-cn-¡p-óp.

aXm-\p-k-mcn-bmb a\p-jy³ Hcp bm{X-¡m-c-\m-Wv.

Ah³ \bn-¡-s¸-Sm\pw Xónð \nóp ]pd-¯p-h-cm\pw \nc

-ć hnkva-b-¯nsâ ssZhs¯ Iïp-ap-«m\pw Ft¸mgpw

\£{Xw \½psS

I®p-I-tfmSp ssZhw

ImWn-¡pó £a-bpsS

Hc-S-bm-f-am-Wv.

Ahn-Ss¯ {]`-tbmSp

kp]-cn-Nn-X-am-Im³

\½psS I®p-IÄ

hf-tc-ïn-bn-cn-¡p-óp.

68 69

kó²-\m-bn-cn-¡-Ww. \½psS am\p-jnI I®p-I-tfmSv

ssZhw ImWn-¡pó Cu BZ-cw Hcp Imcyw \ap¡p ImWn-

¨p-X-cp-óp. AXm-b-Xv, ]pe-cn-bnð \£{Xw hngq-ï-s¸-Sp-

óXp-t]mse, \mw ssZh-¯nsâ ASp-¡-te¡p sNñp-t¼mÄ

Ahn-Ss¯ {]Im-i-¯nsâ A]-cn-ta-b-Xz-¯nð \½psS {]

Im-i-§Ä ebn-¨p-t]m-Ip-ón-ñ, ]nsótbm, {]` -{]Xn^en-

¸n-¡pó BZn-am-án-bn-te¡v ASp-¡pw-tXmdpw I®m-Sn-t]

mse IqSp-Xð IqSp-Xð {]Im-in-¡póp;

temI-¯nsâ GI-c-£-I-\mb tbip-hn-epÅ ss{IkvX-

h-hn-izmkw ssZh-¯nsâ {]Imi-sañmw Ahn-S-ónð

tI{µo-I-cn-¨n-cn-¡p-óp-sh-óv, Ahn-Ss¯ "{]`m]qcn-X-amb

Poh-\nð' tI{µo-I-cn-¨n-cn-¡pópshóv, {]tLm-jn-¡p-óp.

AXm-Is« Ncn-{X-¯nsâ DXv]-¯nbpw Ah-km-\hpw shfn-

s¸-Sp-¯p-óp.31 Cu {]Im-i-¯nð koIr-Xhpw Zo]vXhpw

ip²o-IrXhpw Añm¯ Hcp am\p-jnIm-\p-`-hanñ; ssZh-

¯n-te¡pÅ Hcp a\pjybm{Xbpw Cñ. ss{IkvX-hÀ

{InkvXp-hnsâ {]Im-i-hr-¯-¯nð F{X- IqSp-Xð apgIp-

ópthm A{X-b[nIw ssZh-¯n-te-¡pÅ hgn-bnð Hmtcm

]pcp-j-s\bpw kv{Xosbbpw a\-Ên-em-¡pIbpw Ah-tcm-

sSm¸w kô-cn-¡pIbpw sN¿pw

hnizmkw amÀK-am-Ibmð, hnizm-kn-I-f-sñ-¦nepw hniz-

kn-¡m-\m-{K-ln-¡p-Ibpw At\z-jWw XpS-cp-Ibpw sN¿pó

kv{Xo]pcp-jòm-cpsS Pohn-X-hp-ambpw AXp _Ô-s¸-«ncn-

¡póp. AhÀ kvt\l-t¯mSv BßmÀ°-ambn Xpd-hp-Å-h-

cm-bn-cn-¡p-Ibpw AhÀ¡v Isï-¯m-\m-hpó GsX-¦nepw

shfn¨wsImïp bm{X \S-¯p-Ibpw sN¿p-óX-\p-k-cn¨,v

A¡mcyw AhÀ Adn-bm-Xn-cn-¡p-óp-sh-¦nepw, AhÀ hnizm

-k-¯n-te-¡p- \-bn-¡pó ]mX-bn-em-bn-¡-gn-ªp; ssZhw

Dïm-bn-cp-óm-se-ót]mse AhÀ {]hÀ¯n-¡m³ ]cn-{i-

an-¡p-óp. AXv Nne-t¸mÄ s]mXp-hmb Pohn-X-¯n\v Dd-

¸pÅ Hcp Znim-t_m[w \evIpóXn\v ssZh¯n\pÅ

{]m[m-\yw AhÀ Xncn-¨-dn-bp-óXpsIm-ïm-Imw- Asñ-¦nð

Ccp-«nð {]Imi¯n\m-bpÅ Hcp Zmlw AhÀ A\p-`-hn-¡p-

óXp-sImïmImw. Fómð CXp-Iq-SmsX, Pohsâ al-\o-

b-Xbpw kuµ-cyhpw ImWp-t¼mÄ ssZh-kmón[yw Pohn-

Xs¯ IqSp-Xð kpµ-c-am-¡m-saóv AhÀ D±Àin-¡p-óXp-

sIm-ïp-am-Imw.

A{_lmw ssZh-¯nsâ i_vZw tIÄ¡p-óXn-\p-ap¼v

"Xo{h-amb lrZ-bm-`n-em-j-t¯msS' Ahn-Ss¯ tXSn-

sb-ópw,- "ssZ-hs¯ FhnsS Iïp-ap-«m-\m-hp-sa-óv Xtóm-

Sp-Xsó tNmZn¨v temIw apgp-h\pw kô-cn-s¨ópw' "Hä

bv¡v \nÈ-_vZ-X-bnð Xsó tXSnb Ah-t\mSv ssZh-¯n\p

IcpW tXmóp-óXp-hsc A§s\ sNbvXp-shópw' entbm

¬knse hnip² Csd-t\-hqkv ]d-bp-óp.32

aäp-Å-hÀ¡v \ò sN¿m-\pÅ hgntb ]pd-s¸-Spó GXp

hyànbpw ssZh-¯n-te¡v ASp-¯p-I-gn-ªp. Ahn-Ss¯

klm-b-¯mð ]n´m-§-s¸-«p-I-gn-ªp. Fs´-ómð \mw

Ft¸m-sgñmw kvt\l-̄ nsâ ]qÀW-X-bn-te¡p kô-cn¡p-

ópthm At¸m-sgñmw \½psS I®p-Isf IqSp-Xð {]Im-

in-¸n-¡p-I-sb-óXv ssZhnI {]Im-i-¯nsâ khn-ti-j-

amb {]hÀ¯-\-ssi-en-bm-Wv.

hnizm-khpw ssZh-im-kv{Xhpw

36. hnizmkw shfn-¨-am-b-Xp-sImïv AXv \s½ AXn-

te¡p I-Sóp sNñm³ £Wn-¡p-óp. \½psS kvt\l-

¯nsâ hnj-bw Gsd \ómbn Adn-bp-óXn-\p-thïn AXp

{]Im-in-̧ n-¡pó N{I-hm-fs¯ IqSp-Xð ]qÀW-ambn At\z-

jn-¨-dn-bm³ £Wn-¡p-óp. ss{IkvXh ssZh-imkv{Xw Cu

70 71

B{K-l-¯nð \nóp P\n-¨-Xm-Wv. XoÀ¨-bmbpw hnizm-k-

an-ñm-Xn-cp-ómð ssZh-imkv{X-ap-ïm-hpI Akm-[y-am-Wv.

{InkvXp-cl-ky-¯nð ]qÀ¯nbmb ssZh-¯nsâ kzbmhn

jvIm-c¯nsâ AXy-Km-[-amb- bpànsb At\z-jn-¡p-ó

hnizm-k-¯nsâ Xsó Ne-\m-ß-I-X-tbmSv ssZh-imkv{Xw

_Ô-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-óp. CXnð\nóv Hcp hkvXpX hyà-

am-Wv: ]co-£-Wm-ß-I-imkv{X-§-fpsS coXn-b-\p-k-cn¨v

a\p-jy-_p²n A]-{K-Yn-¡m\pw {Kln-¡m\pw \S-¯pó ]

cn-{i-a-s¯-¡mÄ IqSp-X-em-bn-«p-Å-XmWv ssZh-im-kv{Xw.

ssZhs¯ Hcp hkvXp- (hn-jbw) Bbn Npcp-¡m³ km[y

a-ñ. Ahn-Sóv Xsó¸-än-¯só Adn-b-n¡p-óh\pw hyày-

´-c-_-Ô-¯n-eqsS ZÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-óh-\p-amb Hcp IÀ¯m-

hm-Wv (Subjectv). icn-bmb hnizmkw ssZh-¯nð \nóp

hcpó {]Im-i-¯nt-e¡v kzbw Xpd-¡m³ bpànsb \bn-

¡p-óp. A§s\ kXy-t¯m-SpÅ kvt\l-¯mð \bn-¡-

s¸«v ssZh-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pÅ IqSp-Xð AKm-[-amb Úm\-

¯n-te¡p hcm³ B bpàn-¡p- I-gn-bpw.

hnizm-k-¯nsâ imkv{X-saó \ne-bnð ssZh-imkv{Xw

ssZh-¯n\p Xsó¡p-dn¨p XsóbpÅ Adn-hn-epÅ ]¦p-

tN-c-em-sWóv a[y-bp-K-¯nse almòm-cmb ssZh-im-

kv{X-Úcpw A[ym-]-Icpw icn-bm-bn-¯só ]dªp.

AXv ssZh-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pÅ \½psS {]Xn]m-Z\w am{X-a-ñ,

]nsótbm AXv {]Y-ahpw {][m-\-hp-ambn ssZhw \t½mSp

kwkm-cn-¡pó hN\w kzo-I-cn-¡epw AXns\ IqSp-X-em-

bn a\-Ên-em-¡m\pÅ ]cn-{i-an¡ep-am-Wv. ssZhw Xsó¸-

än-¯só ]d-bpó hN-\am-W-Xv. Fs´-ómð Ahn-Sóv

Iq«m-bva-bpsS imizXkwhm-Z-am-Wv. Cu kwhm-Z-¯n-

te¡p Ahn-Sóv \s½ {]thin-¡p-óp.33

A§s\ ssZh-¯mð "kv]Àin-¡-s¸-Sm³' thï hn\-

b-ap-ïm-bn-cn-¡-W-saóv ssZh-imkv{Xw Bhiy-s¸-Sp-óp.

almcl-ky-¯n-\p-ap-¼nð kz´w ]cn-an-Xn-IÄ AwKo-I-

cn-¨p-sImï,v bpàn-bp-tS-Xmb in£-Wco-Xn-tbm-sS, Cu

almcl-ky-¯nsâ A£-b-k-¼¯v At\z-jn-¡m³ ]cn-

{i-an-¡p-t¼mÄ hn\-b-ap-ïm-bn-cn-¡-W-saóv AXv Bh-iy-

s¸-Sp-óp.

hnizm-k-¯nsâ k`m-ß-I-cq-]-¯nepw ssZh-imkv{Xw

]¦p-]-äp-óp-ïv. AXnsâ {]Imiw k`-bm-Ipó hniz-kn-

¡pó hyàn-bpsS {]Im-i-am-Wv. Hcp hi-¯v, ssZh-im

kv{Xw {InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS hnizm-k-¯n\p tkh\w sN¿-

W-saópw Fñm-h-cp-sS-bpw, {]tXy-In¨v km[m-cW hnizm-

kn-I-fp-sS, hnizm-ks¯ kwc-£n-¡p-Ibpw Bg-s¸-Sp-¯p-

I-bpw sN¿-W-saópw CXv AÀ°-am-¡p-óp.

adp-h-i¯v, ssZh-imkv{Xw hnizm-k-¯nð \nóp Poh³

kzo-I-cn-¡p-óXp-sImïv amÀ]m-¸-bp-sSbpw At±-l-hp-ambn

sFIy-¯nð¡-gn-bpó sa{Xmòm-cp-sSbpw {]t_m-[-\m-[n-

Im-cs¯ _mly-amb Hómbn, AXnsâ kzmX-{´y-¯nsâ

]cn-an-Xn-bmbn Icp-Xm³ ]m-Sn-sñópw AÀ°-am-¡p-óp.

adn¨v AXnsâ B´-cn-Ihpw LS-\m-]-c-hp-amb am\-§-fn-

sem-ómbn {]t_m-[-\m-[n-Im-cs¯ Icp-X-Ww. Fs -́ómð,

{]t_m-[-\m-[n-Imcw BZn-a-t{km-X-kp-am-bpÅ \½psS

_Ô-¯n\v Dd¸p \evIp-óp. A§s\ {InkvXp-hnsâ hN

-\s¯ AXnsâ ka{K-X-bnð {]m]n-¡m-sa-óXnsâ XoÀ¨

\evIp-Ibpw sN¿p-óp.

72 73

F\n¡p e`n-¨-Xv... Rm³

\n§Ä¡v Gev]n-¨p-Xóp (cf. 1 tImdn. 15:3)

k` \½psS hnizm-k-¯nsâ amXmhv

37. X§-fpsS lrZbw ssZh-kvt\-l-¯n-te¡p Xpd-

¡p-Ibpw Ahn-Ss¯ i_vZw tIÄ¡p-Ibpw Ahn-Ss¯

{]Imiw kzoI-cn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvX-hÀ¡v Cu Zm\w kz´-

am-¡n- h-bv¡m³ Ign-bp-I-bn-ñ. hnizmkw tIÄhnbpw Imgv

Nbp-am-I-bmð AXv hN\ambpw {]Imiambpw ssIam-d-

s¸-Sp-óp. hnip² ]utemkv tImdn-t´m-kp-ImÀ¡v Fgp-Xp-

t¼mÄ Cu cïp {]Xn-_nw-_-§Ä Xsó D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-

óp-ïv. Hcp-h-i¯v At±lw C§s\ ]d-bpóp: "Rm³

hniz-kn¨p; AXn-\mð Rm³ kwkm-cn¨p Fóv Fgp-Xn-b-

hnizmkw tIÄhnbpw ImgvNbp-am-I-bmð

AXv hN\ambpw {]Imiambpw ssIam-d-s¸-Sp-óp. (No.37)

74 75

hsâ hnizm-k-ssN-X\ywXsó R§Ä¡p-Å-Xp-sImïv

R§fpw hniz-kn-¡p-Ibpw kwkm-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿póp'

(2 tImdn. 4:13).

Hcn-¡ð kzoI-cn-¡-s¸-Spó hN\w Hcp {]Xyp-¯-c-ambn

¯ocp-óp, hnizm-k-¯nsâ Hcp Gäp-]-d-¨n-em-bn-¯o-cp-óp,

AXp aäp-Å-h-cn-te¡p hym]n-¡p-Ibpw hniz-kn-¡m³

Ahsc £Wn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-óp.

]utemkv Çol {]Im-i-¯nsâ {]Xn-_nw-_hpw D]-

tbm-Kn-¡p-ópïv: "IÀ¯m-hnsâ al¯zw I®m-Sn-bn-seó

t]mse aqSp-]-S-a-Wn-bm¯ apJ¯v {]Xn-^-en-¡pó \msa-

ñm-hcpw Ahn-Ss¯ kmZr-iy-¯n-te¡v al-¯z-¯nð

\nóp al-¯z-¯n-te¡v cq]m-´-c-s¸-«p-sIm-ïn-cn-¡p-I-

bmWv' (2 tImdn 3:18). Hcp

apJ-¯p-\nóv asämcp apJ-t¯¡v {]Xn-^-en-¡pó {]Im-

i-am-W-Xv. ssZh-t¯mSp kwkm-cn-¨p-I-gn-ª-t¸mÄ tami-

bpsS apJ-¯v Dïmb ssZh-a-l-¯z-¯nsâ {]Xn-^-e-\-

sa-ót]mse Xsó: "ssZhw XsóbmWv {InkvXp-hnsâ

apJ¯p shfn-hm-¡-s¸« ssZh-tX-P-kn-s\-¸-än-bpÅ Adn-

hnsâ {]Imiw R§Ä¡p Xtc-ï-Xn\v R§-fpsS lrZ-b-

§sf {]Im-in-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-óXv' (2 tImdn 4:6).

{InkvXp-hnsâ tXP-Êv, I®m-Sn-bn-se-ót]mse ss{Ikv

X-h-cpsS apJ¯v {]Im-in-¡p-óp. AXp hym]n-¡p-t¼mÄ

\½n-te¡v Cd§n hcp-óp. B ZÀi-\-¯nð ]¦p-tN-cm\pw

aäp-Å-h-cn-te¡v B {]Imiw {]Xn-_nw-_n--¡m\pw \ap¡pw

Ign-tb-ï-Xn-\p-X-só. CuÌÀ Znh-ks¯ enäÀPn-bnð s]

k-lm¯n-cn-bnð\nóv aäv AkwJyw Xncn-IÄ sXfn-¡p-

óXp-t]mse Xsóbm-W-Xv.

Hcp hyàn¡p asämcp hyàn-

bp-am-bpÅ k¼À¡-¯n-eqsS hn

izmkw ssIam-d-s¸-Sp-óp-shóp

]d-bmw. Hcp sagp-Ip-Xncn asämcp

sagp-Ip-Xn-cn-bnð \nóp I¯n-¡-

s¸-Sp-óXp-t]m-se-XsóbmWXv.

Hcp-h³ ac-am-bn-¯o-cm\pw temI

s¯ ^e-§Ä sImïp-\n-d-bv

¡m³ Ign-bpó{X ^e-`q-bn-jvT-

amb Hcp hn¯v X§-fpsS Zmcn{Zy

¯nð ss{IkvX-hÀ \Sp-óp.

38. Fñm Øe-¯p-apÅ

Fñm kv{Xo]p-cp-jòmÀ¡pw

thïn {]tim-`n-¡pó hnizm-k

-¯nsâ ssIamäw Ime-¯n-eq

sSbpw IS-óp-t]m-Ipóp; Hcp Xe-

ap-d-bnð\nóp asämcp Xe-ap-d-bn-

te¡v. hnizmkw Ncn-{X-¯nð

kw`-hn-¡pó Hcp Iïp-ap-«-enð

\nóp P\n-¡p-Ibpw Ime-¯n-eq

sSbpÅ \½psS bm{Xsb {]Im-

in-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-óp. Xòqew

AXv bpK-bp-Km-´-c-§-fn-eqsS

ssIam-d-s¸-S-Ww. km£n-I-fpsS

CS-ap-dn-bm¯ Hcp irwJe-bn-

eq-sS-bmWv tbip-hnsâ apJw

ImWm³ \ap¡p Ign-bp-óXv.

Fómð CXv F§s\ km[y-

amIpw? C{Xbpw \qäm-ïp-Ifn

hnizm-k-¯nsâ

`mj kwkm-cn-¡m³

\s½ ]Tn-¸n-¡pó

A½-bmWv k`.

76 77

eqsS \½Ä "bYmÀ° tbip-hns\' ¯sóbmWv Iïp-

ap-«n-bsXóv F§s\ XoÀ¨-s¸-Sp-¯m-\mhpw? a\p-jy³

tIhew Hä-s¸« hyàn-bm-bn-cp-só¦nð, kz´w Adn-hnsâ

Dd¸v Xónð¯só tXSpó sshb-ànI Al¯nð \nóp

am{X-amWv Ah³ XpS-§n-bn-cp-ósX-¦nð A -̄c-samcp kp\n

-ÝnX¯zw XoÀ¯pw Akm-[y-am-Ip-am-bn-cp-óp. Fónð

\nóv Gsd AIó Hcp Ime-L-«-¯nð kw`-hn-¨Xv Fs´-

ódn-bm³ F\n¡pXsó km[y-a-ñ.

Fómð, Adnhp k¼m-Zn-¡pó amÀKw CXp am{X-añ.

hyàn- Ft¸mgpw _Ô-§-fn-emWv Pohn-¡p-óXv. aäp-Å-h

-cnð \nóp- Ah³ hcp-óp. Ah³ aäp-Å-h-cp-tS-Xm-bn-cn-

¡p-óp. Ahsâ PohnXw aäp-Å-h-cp-am-bpÅ Iïp-ap-«-

enð hnI-kn-¡p-óp. \½psS Adnhpw Bßm-h-t_m-[w

Xsóbpw _Ôm-[n-jvTn-Xam-Wv. Ah \ap¡p apt¼ t]mb

aäp-Å-h-tcmSp _Ô-s¸-«m-Wn-cn-¡p-óXv. Hóm-a-Xm-bn,

\ap¡p Poh\pw t]cpw Xó \½psS amXm-]n-Xm-¡òmtcm-Sv.

`mj Xsó, \½psS Pohn-X-¯n\pw \ap¡p Npäp-apÅ

temI-¯n\pw AÀ°w Iev]n-¨p- sImSp-¡pó `mj Xsó,

aäp-Å-h-cnð \nóv, Ah-cpsS kPo-h-kva-c-Wm-i-àn-bnð

kwc-£n-¡-s¸-«,v \½nte¡p hcp-óp. IqSp-Xð al-¯mb

Hcp kvac-W-bnð ]¦p-tN-cp-t¼mÄ am{X-amWv Bßm-h-

t_m[w Xsó km[y-am-Ip-óXv.

am\p-jn-I-[m-c-Wsb AXnsâ ]qÀW-X-bn-te¡p sImïp-

h-cpó hnizm-ks¯ kw_-Ôn¨pw CXp icn-bm-Wv. hnizm-

k-¯nsâ `qX-Im-ew, temI-¯n\p ]pXp-Po-h³ \evInb

tbip-hnsâ kvt\l-{]hr-¯n, aäp-Å-h-cpsS HmÀ½-bn-eq-

sS-bmWv þ km£y-§-fn-eq-sS-bmWv þ \½n-te¡p hcp-óXv.

AXv k`-bm-Ipó GI-kva-c-Wm-]m{X¯nð kPo-h-ambn

Im¯pkq£n-¡-s¸-Spó HómWv. hnizm-k-¯nsâ `mj

kwkm-cn-¡m³ \s½ ]Tn-¸n-¡pó A½-bmWv k`.

hnizm-k-s¯bpw kvac-W-sbbpw Ah-KmVw Hón-

¸n-¨pw Ah- cïn-s\bpw ]cn-ip-²m-ßm-hnsâ {]hÀ¯-\-

t¯mSp _Ôn-¸n¨pw hnip² tbml-óm³ Xsâ kphn-ti-

j-¯nð C¡mcyw hyà-am-¡p-ópï.v tbip- ]d-bpóp:

"]cn-ip-²m-ßmhv...Rm³ \n§-tfmSp ]d-ª-sXñmw \n§sf

A\p-kvacn-¸n¡pw' (tbml 14:26). k`-bnð \nh-kn-¡pó

kvt\lw Xsóbmb Bßmhv Fñm bpK-§sfbpw ]c-

kv]-c-_-Ô-¯nð \ne-\n-dp-¯p-Ibpw \s½ tbip-hnsâ

ka-Im-eo-\-cm-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-óp. \½psS hnizm-k-XoÀ

°m-S-\-¯nð A§s\ \s½ \bn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-óp.

39. Häbv¡v hnizkn-¡pI Akm-[y-am-Wv. hnizm-kn-bpsS

B´-cn-I-X-bnð kw`-hn-¡pó tIhew hyàn-]-c-amb

Xnc-sª-Sp-¸ñ hnizmkw. AXv hnizm-kn-bpsS "Rm\pw'

ssZhnI' "\o'bpw X-½n-ep-Å, kÀh-kz-X-{´-\mb Hcp

a\p-jy-hy-ànbpw ssZhhpw X½n-ep-Å, XoÀ¯pw Zzo]p-

k-am-\-amb Hcp _Ô-a-ñ. hnizmkw {]IrXym k`-sbó

"\½n-te¡p' Xpd-ón-cn-¡pó Hóm-Wv. AXv Ft¸mgpw

k`bp-am-bpÅ Iq«m-bva-bn-emWv Dïm-Ip-óXv. amt½m-Zo-

k-bpsS enäÀPn-bnð D]-tbm-Kn-¡pó hnizm-k-{]-am-W-

¯nsâ tNmtZym-¯c cq]w \s½ C¡mcyw HmÀ½n-¸n-¡p-

óp-ïv. \½psS hnizmkw Hcp £W-t¯m-SpÅ, Fsâ

kz´-a-ñm-¯Xpw, Fómð tIÄ¡-s¸-tSïXpamb Hcp

hm¡n-t\m-Sp-Å, Hcp {]Xyp-¯-c-ambn {]Im-in-¸n-¡-s¸-

Sp-óp. AXv Hcp kwhm-Z-¯nsâ `mK-ambn«mWv \ne-sIm-

Åp-óXv. AXn\vv tIhew Hcp hyàn-bnð P\n-¡pó Gäp-

]-d-¨n-emIm-\m-hn-ñ. "Rm³ hniz-kn-¡póp' Fóv \ap¡p

GI-h-N-\-¯nð {]Xyp-¯-cn-¡m\mhp-óXv \mw IqSp-Xð

henb Hcp Iq«m-bva-bpsS `mK-am-b-Xp-sImïpam{X-amWv,

"R§Ä hniz-kn-¡póp' FópIqSn \½Ä Gäp]d-bp-óXp-

sIm-ïpam{Xam-Wv. k`m-ß-I-amb "R§fn'te¡pÅ Cu

78 79

Xpdhv ssZh-¯nsâ Xsó kvt\l-¯nsâ Xpd-hns\ {]Xn-

^en-¸n-¡p-óp-ïv. AXv ]nXmhpw ]p{X\pw X½n-epÅ, Hcp

"Rm\pw' Hcp "\obpw' X½n-epÅ, _Ôw am{X-a-ñ, adn¨v

AXv ]cn-ip-²m-ßm-hn-ð Hcp "R§Ä' BWv, hyàn-I-

fpsS Hcp Iq«m-bva-bm-Wv.

CXn-\m-emWv hniz-kn-¡p-óh³ Hcn-¡epw FI-\-ñm-

¯-Xv. hnizmkw hym]n-¡m-\pÅ AXnsâ B\-µ-¯n-

te¡v A]-csc, £Wn-¡m-\pÅ {]h-WX ImWn-¡p-óXv.

hnizmkw kzoI-cn-¡póh³ Xsâ kzXz-¯nsâ N{Ihm-

f-§Ä hnI-kn-¡p-sóópw Xónð Pohn-Xs¯ k¼-

óam-¡pó ]pXnb _Ô-§Ä cq]w sImÅp-óp-shópw

Xncn-¨-dn-bp-óp. sXÀ¯p-ey³ Cu hkvXpX \ómbn

hnh-cn-¡p-óp-ïv: "]pXnb P\\w \evIpó £mf\-¯n-

\p-tijw' Úm\kv\m\mÀ°n- (k-`-bm-Ip-ó) amXr-`-h-\-

¯n-te¡v kzoIcn¡-s¸-Sp-óp; Hcp ]pXnb IpSpw_¯nsâ

AwK-saó \ne-bnð X§-fpsS ktlm-Zc§tfm-sSm¸w

ssIIÄ hncn¨v "kzÀK-Ø-\mb R§-fpsS ]nXmth'

Fó {]mÀ°\ sNmñp-óp.--.34

IqZm-i-Ifpw hnizm-k-ssI-am-ähpw

40. GXp IpSpw-_-s¯bp-sa-ót]m-se k` Xsâ kvac

-W-I-fpsS `WvUm-Kmcw Xsâ a¡Ä¡p ssIam-dp-óp.

Fómð hnizm-k-ss]Xr-I-¯n-ð Fñm Imcyhpw, Hópw

\jvS-s¸-SmsX, IqSp-Xð Bg-¯nð a\-Ên-em-I--¯-¡-hn[w

F§s\ ssIam-dm\mhpw? ]cn-ip-²m-ßm-hnsâ klm-b-

t¯msS k`-bnð Im¯pkq£n-¡-s¸-Spó A¸-kvtXm-enI

]mc-¼-cy-¯n-eq-sS-bmWv \mw ASn-Øm\-]-c-amb HmÀ½-

bp-ambn kPo-h-_Ôw ]peÀ¯p-óXv-. cïmw h¯n-¡m³

Iu¬knð ]d-bp-óXp-t]m-se, A¸-kvtXm-eòm-cnð \nóv

ssIam-dn-¡n-«n-b-Xnð ssZh-P-\-¯n\v hnip-²n-bnð Pohn-

¡m\pw hnizm-k-¯nð hf-cm\pw klm-b-I-ambsXñmw AS

-§n-bn-cn-¡p-óp. C{]-Imcw "k` Xsâ {]t_m-[-\-¯nepw

Pohn-X-¯nepw Bcm-[\-bnepw Xm³ F´m-bn-cn-¡p-ópthm

AXp apgp-h\pw, hniz-kn-¡pó Fñm Imcy-§fpw imizX-

am-¡p-Ibpw kIe Xe-ap-d-IÄ¡pw ]IÀóp-sIm-Sp-¡p-

Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-ïn-cn-¡póp.35

hnizm-k-¯n\v km£yw -hln¡m\pw kwth-Zn¡m\pw

AXn\p tNÀóXpw B\p-]m-Xn-I-hp-amb Hcp ]Ým-¯ew

Bh-iy-ap-ïv. tIhew kn²m-´-]-c-amb DÅ-S¡w ssIam-

dm³ Hcm-ibw aXn-bmIpw; Asñ-¦nð Hcp {KÙtam ]d

-b-s¸« hm¡nsâ BhÀ¯-\tam aXn-bmIpw. Fómð,

k`-bnð Adn-bn¡-s¸-Sp-óXv, Ah-fpsS kPo-h-]m-c-¼-

cy-¯nð ssIam-d-s¸-Sp-óXv, ssZh-hp-am-bpÅ Iïp-ap-

«-enð \nóp-ïmb ]pXnb shfn-¨-am-Wv. \½psS hyàn-

Xz-¯nsâ AKm-[-X-sb kv]Àin-¡p-Ibpw ssZh-t¯mSpw

A]-c-t\mSpw DÅ kPoh Iq«m-bva-bnð _Ô§fn-te¡p

hyànsb Xpd-óp-sImïv A]-csâ a\-Êns\bpw CÑm-i-

àn-sbbpw hnIm-c-§-sfbpw hym]cn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pó

Hcp shfn-¨-am-W-Xv.

Cu ]qÀWX ssIam-dm³ khn-ti-j-amb Hcp amÀK-

ap-ïv. apgp-h³ hyàn-sbbpw ico-c-s¯bpw ssNX-\y-

s¯bpw B´-cn-I-Po-hn-X-s¯bpw aäp-Å-h-cp-am-bn-«pÅ _

Ô-§-sfbpw {]hÀ¯n-¸n-¡m³ iàn-bpÅ Hcp amÀK-am-

W-Xv. k`-bpsS enäÀPn-bnð BtLm-jn-¡-s¸-Spó IqZm

-i-I-fm-W-Xv. \½psS Pohn-X-¯nsâ Ime-§-tfmSpw Øe-

§-tfmSpw _Ô-s¸«pw \½psS Fñm C{µn-b-§-tfm-Spw

_Ô-s¸«pw a\p-jym-h-Xmcw sNbvX Hcp kva-c-Wsb

IqZm-i-IÄ kwth-Z\w sN¿póp.

Hcp kPo-h-ico-c-¯nse Ah-b-h-saó \ne-bnepw kaq-

80 81

lm-ß-I-_-Ô-§-fpsS s\äp-hÀ¡nsâ ̀ mK-saó \ne-bnepw

Ah-bnð apgp-h³ hyànbpw hym]-cn-¡p-óp. IqZm-i-IÄ

hnizm-k-¯nsâ IqZm-i-I-fmsWóp36 ]d-bpóXv kXy-am-

sW-¦nð, hnizm-k-¯n-\p-Xsó Hcp IuZm-in-I-amb LS-\-

bp-sïóp ]d-bpóXpw kXy-am-Wv. a\p-jy-Pohn-X-s¯-¡p-

dn¨pw ss{IkvX-hm-kvXn-Xz-s¯-¡p-dn-¨p-ap-Å- Hcp ]pXnb

IuZm-in-I-t_m-[-¯nsâ DWcn-en-eq-sS-bmWv hnizm-k-

¯nsâ DW-cð IS-óp-t]m-Ip-óXv. Zriyhpw ùXn-I-

hpab bm-YmÀ°y-§Ä F§-s\-bmWv \nXy-X-bpsS cl-

ky-¯n-te¡v kzbw Xpd-¡p-ósXóv AXp \ap¡p ImWn-

¨p-X-cp-óp.

41. hnizm-k-ssI-amäw {]Y-ahpw {][m-\-hp-ambn amt½m-

Zo-k-bnð \S-¡p-óp. amt½m-Zok hnizm-k-¯nsâ Gäp-]-d-

¨n-ð {]Xo-I-h-XvI-cn-¡m-\pÅ Hcp coXn am{X-am-sWópw

AXp {]Xo-I-§fpw AS-bm-f-§fpw Bh-iy-am-bn-cn-¡p-

óhÀ¡pÅ Hcp {]t_m-[-\-coXn am{X-am-sWópw BXy-

ń-I-ambn A\m-h-iy-am-sWópw NneÀ Nnńt¨-¡mw.

amt½m-Zo-k-sb-¡p-dn-¨pÅ hnip² ]utemkv Çol-bpsS

Hcp \nco-£Ww Cu A`n-{]mbw icn-b-sñóv \s½ A\p-

kva-cn-¸n-¡p-óp-ïv. At±lw ]d-bpóp: "A§s\ Ahsâ

ac-W-t¯mSp \s½ sFIy-s¸-Sp-¯nb Úm\-kv\m-\-

¯mð \mw Ah-t\m-sSm¯p kwkvI-cn-¡-s¸-«p. {InkvXp

acn-¨-Xn-\p-tijw ]nXm-hnsâ al-¯z-¯nð DbnÀs¯-gp-

tóä-Xp-t]mse \mapw ]pXnb PohnXw \bn-t¡-ï-Xn-\m

Wv Ah-t\m-sSm¯p kwkvI-cn-¡-s¸-«Xv' (tdmam 6:4).

amt½m-Zo-k-bnð \mw ]pXnb krjvSn-Ifpw ssZh-

¯nsâ Z¯p-k-´-Xn-I-fp-am-bn-¯o-cp-óp. ss{IkvX-hsc

{]t_m-[-\-¯nsâ Hcp am\-ZWvUw (typos didaches) `c-ta-ev

]n-¨n-cn-¡p-óp-shópw AXn-t¸mÄ AhÀ lrZ-b-]qÀhw

A\p-k-cn-¡p-óp-shópw A¸-kvtXm-e³ XpSÀóp-]-d-bp-

ópïv (cf. tdmam 6:17). amt½m-Zo-k-bnð Gäp-]-d-tbï

Hcp {]t_m-[-\hpw aqÀ¯-amb Hcp Pohn-X-cn-Xobpw Hcp-

h³ kzoI-cn-¡p-óp. CXv Ahsâ apgp-hy-àn-Xz-¯nsâbpw

Iq«p-tN-cð Bh-iy-s¸-Sp-óXpw Ahs\ \ò-bnte¡v hgn

\S-¯p-óXp-am-Wv. amt½m-Zok kzoI-cn-¨-hÀ k`-bnð ]pXn-

sbmcp kml-N-cy-¯nte¡p amän Øm]n-¡s¸-Spóp. ]pXn-

sbmcp kml-N-cy-¯n\v, {]hÀ¯-\-¯nsâ \ho-\hpw `mK-

`m-Kn-Xz-hp-apÅ coXn¡,v Gev]n-¡-s¸-Sp-óp.

At¸mÄ hnizm-k-sa-óXv Hä-s¸« hyàn-bpsS t\«-

a-sñóv amt½m-Zok \ap¡p ImWn-¨p-X-cp-óp. Hcp-h\p

X\n¨p sN¿m-hpó Hcp IÀ½-hpañ AXv. ssZh-¯nsâ

Zm\w ssIam-dpó k`m-ß-I-Iq«m-bvabn-te¡p {]th-in-

¡p-óXp hgn kzoI-cn-t¡ï Hóm-W-X.v Hcp-h\pw kzi-

àn-sImïv Cu temI¯n-te¡p hcp-ónñ FóXp-t]mse

Hcp-h\pw Xsó¯só amt½m-Zok ap¡p-ón-ñ. amt½m-

Zok \mw kzoI-cn-¡pó Hóm-Wv.

42. ]pXnb Cu "{]t_m-[\ coXnbn-te¡p' \s½ {]

th-in-¸n-¡pó amt½m-Zo-k-bpsS LS-I-§Ä GhbmWv?

Hóm-a-Xm-bn, ]cn-ip²{XnXz-¯nsâ t]cv þ ]nXmhpw

]p{X\pw ]cn-ip-²m-ßm-hp-wþ kv\m\mÀ°n-bp-sS-tað hnfn¨v

At]£n¡-s¸Sp-óp. A§s\ Bcw-`-¯nð¯só hnizm-

k-bm-{X-bpsS Hcp DZv{K-Y\w \evI-s¸-Sp-óp. A{_m-ls¯

hnfn¨h\pw A{_m-l-¯nsâ ssZh-saóp hnfn-¡-s¸-Sm³

CjvS-s¸«h\p-amb ssZhw, tamibv¡v Xsâ \maw shfn-

s¸-Sp-¯nb ssZhw, Xsâ ]p{Xs\ \ap¡p \evIn-s¡mïv

Xsâ \ma-¯nsâ clkyw ]qÀW-ambn shfn-s¸-Sp-¯nb

ssZhw, Ct¸mÄ amt½m-Zok kzoI-cn-¨- hyàn¡v ]p{X-k-

l-P-amb Hcp X\na \evIp-óp.

82 83

CXp Pe-¯nð ap¡ð Fó amt½m-Zo-km-IÀ½-¯nð

¯só hyà-ambn ImWmw: al-¯-c-amb Hcp "ssZhn-I

-Rm-\n-'te¡p Xpd-hp-ïm-Im³ thïn "Rm³-' Fó hyàn

am\-km-´-c-¯n-eqsS ISóp-t]m-Im³ ac-W¯nsâ {]Xo-I

-amb Pew Fsó £Wn-¡p-óp. Pew Pohsâ {]Xo-Ihp-

am-Ip-óp. {InkvXp-hns\ Ahn-Ss¯ \h-Po-hn-X-¯nð ]n³

sN-ñp-óXp-hgn \mw hoïpw P\n-¡pó KÀ`-]m-{X-¯nsâ

{]Xo-Ihpa-mIpóp Pew.

C§s\ Pe-¯nð ap§ð hgn hnizm-k-¯nsâ a\p-

jym-h-Xm-c-L-S-\-sb-¸än amt½m-Zok \t½mSp ]d-bp-óp.

{InkvXp-hnsâ {]hr¯n \½psS AkvXn-Xz-¯nsâ AKm-[-

X-e-§-sf kv]Àin-¡p-óp. \s½ auen-I-ambn cq]m-´-c-s¸-

Sp-¯p--óp. \s½ ssZh-¯nsâ Z¯p-k-´-Xn-Ifpw ssZhn-I-

kz-`m-h-¯nð ]¦p-Im-cp-am-¡p-óp. AXv A§s\ \½psS

kIe _Ô-§-sfbpw Cu temI-¯nepw {]]-ô-¯n-

ep-apÅ \½psS Øm\s¯bpw cq]m-´-c-s¸-Sp¯p-óp.

Ahsb ssZh-¯nsâ Xsó Iq«m-bva-bpsS Pohn-X-¯n-

te¡v Xpd-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-óp.

amt½m-Zo-k-bnð kw`-hn-¡pó Cu amäw, \h-kp-hn-

ti-j-h-XvI-c-Ws¯ kw_-Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw, kv\m\mÀ

°n-Xz-¯nsâ (Catachumanate) A\\y-amb {]m[m\yw AwKo-

I-cn-¨m-Z-cn-¡m³ \s½ klm-bn-¡p-óp. kv\m\mÀ°n-Xz-

¯nð ]ucm-WnI ss{IkvX-h-th-cp-I-fpÅ kaq-l-§-fn

ðt]mepw Ct¸mÄ amt½m-Zo-k-bm-Ipó IqZm-i-bv¡-W

bpó apXnÀóh-cpsS kwJy hÀ²-am-\-am-bn-s¡m-ïn-cn-

¡p-óp. kv\m\mÀ°nXzw amt½m-Zobv¡pth-ïn-bpÅ X¿m-

sd-Sp-¸nsâbpw {InkvXp-hnð \½psS apgp-h³ Pohn-Xhpw

]cn-hÀ¯nXamIp-óXn-sâbpw ]mXbmWv.

amt½m-Zo-kbpw hnizm-khpw X½n-epÅ Cu _Ôw

hne-aXn¡p-óXn\v Gi¿ {]hm-N-Isâ Hcp hmIyw \ap¡v

A\p-kva-cn-¡m-hp-óXm-Wv. BZn-a-ss{I-kvX-h-km-ln-Xy-

¯nð amt½m-Zo-k-tbmSv _Ô-s¸-«-XmWXv: "inem-ZpÀK-

§-fmð AhÀ {]Xn-tcm-[-ap-d-¸n-¡pw... AhÀ¡v Zml-Pew

In«p-sa-óXv XoÀ¨-bmWv' (Gk 33:16).37 amt½m-Zok

kzoI-cn-¨-hÀ ac-W-¯nsâ Pe-¯nð \nóp c£n-¡-s¸«v

Ct¸mÄ ]md-sIm-ïpÅ ZpÀK-¯nð Øm]n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-

¡p-óp. Fs´-ómð AhÀ Dd-¸p-ÅXpw hnizm-k-tbm-Ky-

hp-amb Hcp ASn-¯d Isï-¯n-bn-cn-¡p-óp. A§s\ ac-

W-¯nsâ Pew Pohsâ Pe-ambn cq]m-´-c-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-óp.

{Ko¡p-sSIvÌv, AXns\ hnh-cn-¡p-óXv ]nkvtXmkv Fóm-

Wv: AÀ°w "hniz-kvX-Pew'. amt½m-Zo-k Pew bYmÀ°-

¯nð hniz-kvXhpw hnizm-k-tbm-Ky-hpam-Wv. Fs´-ómð

AXv HgpIn-h-cp-óXv {InkvXp-hn-\pÅ kvt\l-¯nsâ

iàn-tbm-sS-bm-Wv. PohnX-bm-{X-bnð \ap-¡pÅ Dd-¸nsâ

Dd-hn-S-amWv B kvt\lw.

43. amt½m-Zo-kbpsS LS\, \mw ]pXnb t]cpw ]pXnb

Pohn-Xhpw kzoI-cn-¡pó ]p\ÀP-\-\-saó \ne-bn-epÅ

AXnsâ cq]w, inip-¡-fpsS amt½m-Zo-k-bv-¡pÅ AÀ°hpw

{]m[m-\yhpw hne-a-Xn-¡m³ \s½ klm-bn-¡p-óp-ïv.

Hcp kzX-{´-IÀ½-¯n-eqsS hnizmkw kzoI-cn-¡m³ Ip«n-

IÄ ià-c-ñ. kz´-ambn B hnizmkw Gäp]-d-bm\pw

AhÀ Ign-hp-Å-h-c-ñ. AXp-sImïv amXm-]n-Xm-¡òmcpw

Xe-sXm-«-¸\pw Xe-sXm-«-½bpw AhÀ¡p-thïn hnizmkw

Gäp-]-d-bp-óp.

k`m-k-aq-l-¯n\pÅn-emWv hnizmkw Pohn-¡-s¸-Sp-

óXv. s]mXp-hm-b Hcp "\½fn'emWv AXv \nth-in-¸n¡-

s¸-«n-cn-¡p-óXv. A§s\ aäp-Å-hÀ¡pw, {]tXy-I-hn-[-

84 85

ambn amXm-]n-Xm-¡òmÀ¡pw, Úm\-kv\m-\-am-Xm-]n-Xm-

¡-Ä¡pw, inip-hns\ ]n´m-§m\m-hpw. k`-bpsS Xsó

hnizm-k-am-Ipó X§-fpsS

hnizm-k-¯n-te¡v Ahs\/Ahsf kzmKXw sN¿m\p-

amIpw. inip-hnsâ ]nXmhv s]k-lm-¯n-cn-bnð \nóp

I¯n-¡pó sagp-Ip-Xncn CXnsâ {]Xo-I-am-Wv.

A§s\ hnizmkw ssIam-dp-óXnð k`bpw IpSpw-_hpw

X½n-epÅ kl-I-c-W-¯nsâ \nÀWm-b-I-amb {]m[m\yw

amt½m-Zo-km-IÀ½-¯nsâ LS\ sXfn-bn-¡p-óp-ïv. hnip²

BK-kvXo-t\mkv Hcn-¡ð ]d-ªn-«p-Å-Xp-t]m-se, amXm-]n-

Xm-¡òmÀ Ip«n-Isf temI-¯n-te¡p sImïp-h-cm³ am{X-

añ ]nsótbm ssZh-¯n-te¡p \bn¡m\pw hnfn-¡-s¸-

«ncn¡p-óp. amt½m-Zo-k-bn-eqsS AhÀ¡p ssZh-k-´m-\-§-

fmbn hoïpw P\n-¡m\pw hnizm-k-am-Ipó Zm\w kzoI-cn-

¡m\pw Ign-bp-óp.38 A§s\ Ip«n-IÄ¡v Poh-t\m-sSm¸w

auen-I-amb Znim-t_m[w \evI-s¸-Sp-Ibpw Hcp \ñ `mhn

AhÀ¡v Dd¸m¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-óp. Cu Znim-t_m[w,

ssØcy-te-]-\-¯nð ]cn-ip-²m-ßm-hnsâ ap{ZsImïv

IqSp-Xð iào-I-cn-¡-s¸-Spw.

44. hnizm-k-¯nsâ IuZm-in-I-kz-`mhw Gähpw IqSp-

Xð {]Im-in-X-am-Ip-óXv Znhy-Im-cp-Wy-¯n-em-Wv. Znhy-Im-

cpWyw hnizm-k-¯n\v Aaq-ey-amb t]mj-W-am-Wv. Xsâ

kvt\l-¯nsâ ]c-a-amb {]hr-¯n-bnð bYmÀ°-¯nð

kón-ln-X-\m-bn-cn-¡pó {InkvXp-hp-am-bpÅ Iïp-ap-«-em-

W-Xv. Xsâ-Xsó Poh-Zm-b-I-amb Bß-Zm-\-am-W-Xv. Znhy-

Im-cp-Wy-¯nð hnizm-k-¯nsâ cïp am\-§Ä ]c-kv]cw

Iïp-ap«n Cg-tN-cp-óp. Hcp-h-i¯v Ncn-{X-am-Ipó am\-ap-

ïv. Znhy-Im-cpWyw A\p-kva-c-W-bpsS Hcp {]hr¯n-bm-Wv.

ac-W-¯n-sâbpw D°m-\-¯n-sâbpw kw`-h-saó \ne-bnð

`qX-Im-es¯ Hcp clkyw AXp

kón-ln-X-am-¡p-óp. `mhn-bn-te

¡v hmXm-b\w Xpd-¡m\pw A´n

a]qÀWX apóm-kzm-Zn-¡m\pw

DÅ

AXnsâ Ignhv AXp {]ZÀin-

¸n-¡p-óp. "Cóv' (hodie) Fó

hm¡nsâ BhÀ¯\w hgn c£m-

I-c-c-l-ky-§-fpsS "Cóv enäÀPn

\s½ A\p-kva-cn-̧ n-¡pópïvv.

adp-h-i¯v, Zriy-tem-I-¯p-

\nóv AZr-iy-tem-I-t¯¡p \bn-

¡pó Hcp am\hpw \½Ä ImWp-

óp. IpÀ_m-\-bnð bmYmÀ°y-

¯nsâ AXy-Km-[-X ZÀin-¡m³

\mw ]Tn¡p-óp. A¸hpw ho

ªpw Xsâ s]klm bm{X-

bnð ]nXm-hn\p kzbw kón-ln-

X-\m-¡pó {InkvXp-hnsâ ico-

chpw cà-hp-ambn ]cn-hÀ¯\w

sN¿-s¸-Spóp. Cu amäw, ico-c-

t¯mSpw Bßm-thmSpw IqsS

ssZh-¯n-epÅ ]qÀW-X-bn-te

¡v \o§pó kIe krjvSn-I-

fp-sSbpw amä-¯nð \s½ ]¦p-

Im-cm-¡p-óp.

45. IqZm-i-I-fpsS ]cn-IÀ½-

¯nð, k` Xsâ kvacW khn-

ti-j-ambn hnizm-k-{]-Jym-]-

hnizm-k-¯nsâ

IuZm-in-I-kz-`mhw

Gähpw IqSp-Xð

{]Im-in-X-am-Ip-óXv

Znhy-Im-cp-Wy-¯n-

em-Wv. Znhy-Im-cpWyw

hnizm-k-¯n\v

Aaq-ey-amb

t]mj-W-am-Wv.

86 87

\-¯n-eqsS \ap¡p ssIam-dn-¯-cp-óp. hnizm-k-{]-amWw

Hcp-Iq«w AaqÀ¯-kXy-§-tfmSv k½Xw aqfeñ. adn-¨v,

AXv Gäp-]-dbp-t¼mÄ Po-hnXw apgp-h\pw kPo-h-\mb ssZh

-hp-am-bpÅ ]qÀW-kw-kÀK-¯n-te-¡p-Å Hcp bm{X-bn-

te¡p {]th-in¡p-óp. X§Ä Gäp-]-d-bpó cl-ky-¯n-

te¡p {]th-in-¡m\pw AXnð cq]m-´-cs¸Sm\pw hnizm-

k-{]-am-W-¯nð AhÀ £Wn-¡-s¸-Sp-óp-.

CXnsâ AÀ°w a\-Ên-em-¡m³ \ap¡v BZy-ambn hnizm

-k-{]-am-W¯nsâ DÅ-S-¡-§-fn-te¡p t\m¡mw. AXn\p

{XnXzm-ß-I-amb Hcp LS-\-bp-ïv. ]nXmhpw ]p{X\pw kvt\

l-¯nsâ B-ßm-hnð sFIy-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-óp. A§s\ Fñm

k¯-bp-sSbpw tI{µw, Fñm bmYmÀ°y-§-fp-sSbpw

Gähpw B´-cn-I-amb clkyw, ssZhn-I-Iq-«m-bva-bm-sWóv

hnizmkn {]Jym-]n-¡p-óp.

hnizm-k-{]-am-W-¯nð {InkvXp-im-kv{X-]-c-amb Hcp

Gäp-]-d-¨n-ep-ap-ïv. AXv {InkvXp-hnsâ Pohn-X-¯nse

kIe Pohn-X-c-l-ky-§-fn-te¡pw þ Ahn-Ss¯ ac-Ww,

D°m-\w, kzÀKm-tcm-l-Ww, al-¯z-t¯m-sS-bpÅ Ahn-

Ss¯ A´n-am-K-a-\w hsc þ \s½ sImïp-t]m-Ip-óp:

hnizm-k-{]-amWw \t½mSv C§s\ ]d-bpóp: kwkÀK-

¯nsâ Cu ssZhw, ]cn-ip-²m-ßm-hnð ]nXmhpw ]p{X\pw

X½n-epÅ ]c-kv]cw kvt\lw, a\p-jy-N-cn-{Xs¯ apgp-

h\pw BtÇjn-¡m\pw ]nXm-hnð Dd-hn-Shpw ]qÀ¯o-I-c-W-

hp-amb ssZh-¯nsâ kzbw {]hÀ¯-\m-ß-I-amb sFIy-

¯n-te¡p \bn-¡m\pw Ign-hp-Å-Xm-Wv.

hnizmkw Gäp-]-d-bpóh³ Xm³ Gäp-]-d-b-pó kXy

¯n-te¡v DÄt¨-c-pópshóp ImWmw. ]cn-hÀ¯\-hn-t[-

b-am-ImsXbpw, Xsó BtÇ-jn-¡p-Ibpw BXy-´n-I-ambn

hnizm-k-{]-amWw sNmñpó k`-

sbó alm-Iq-«m-bva-bpsS `mK-

am¡n Xsâ AkvXn-Xzs¯ hnI-

kn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pó kvt\

l-N-cn-{X-¯nð Ba-á-\m-ImsX

hnizm-k-{]-amWw kXy-k-Ô-X-

tbmsS Gäp-]-d-bm³ hnizm-kn

¡p km[n-¡p-I-bn-ñ.

hnizm-khpw {]mÀ°-\bpw

]¯p-I-ev]-\-Ifpw

46. k`-bpsS kvacW hniz-

kvX-Xm-]qÀhw ssIam-dp-óXn\v

cïp LS-I-§Ä IqSn AXy´m

t]£n-X-am-Wv. Hóma-t¯Xv, "kz

ÀK-Ø-\mb R§-fpsS ]nXmth'

Fó IÀ¯r{]mÀ°-\-bm-Wv.

ChnsS {InkvXym-\n-IÄ {Inkv

Xp-hnsâ Xsó Bßo-bm-\p-`-h-

¯nð ]¦p-tN-cm\pw Fñm hkv

Xp-¡-sfbpw Ahn-Ss¯ I®p-

sImïp ImWm\pw ]Tn-¡p-óp.

{]Im-i-¯nð \nópÅ {]Im-

ihpw ]nXm-hnsâ GI-Pm-X-\p-

amb Ahn-S-ónð \nóp \mapw

ssZhs¯ Adn-bpIbpw Ahn-

Ss¯ ASp-¡-te¡p sNñm-

\pÅ B{Klw aäp-Å-h-cnð

Pzen-¸n-¡m³ Ign-hp-Å-h-cm-bn-

¯o-cp-Ibpw sN¿p-óp.

"Xm³ F´m-bn-cn-¡p-

ópthm, Xm³ F´p

hniz-kn-¡p-óthm'

B hnizm-k-¯nsâ

k¼qÀW DÅ-S¡w

kwth-Zn-¡m³ k`

D]-tbm-Kn-¡pó B

GtIm-]nX {]hÀ¯-\-

¯nsâ auenI

klm-bn-bmWv

It¯m-en-¡m-k-`-bpsS

aX-t_m-[-\-{KÙw.

88 89

CXp-t]m-se-Xsó {][m-\-s¸« HómWv hnizm-khpw

]¯p-I-ev]-\-Ifpw X½n-epÅ _Ô-hpw. \mw ap¼p-]-d-

ª-Xp-t]mse, kPo-h-\mb ssZh-hp-am-bpÅ Hcp Iïp-

ap-«-tem-sS- Bcw-`n-¡pó Hcp {]bmWw t]mse-bmWv

hnizmkw; kô-cn¨p XoÀt¡ï Hcp hgn t]mse-bm-W-Xv.

]¯p-I-ev]-\-IÄ Ah-bpsS Gähpw AKm-[-amb kXyw

kz´-am-¡p-óXv hnizm-k-¯nsâ shfn-¨-¯n-em-Wv, c£n-

¡pó ssZh-¯n-epÅ k¼qÀW-amb kaÀ¸-W-¯n-sâ

shfn-¨-¯n-em-Wv. Cu kXyw ]¯p-I-ev]-\-IfpsS Bap-

J-h-N-\-§-fnð Xsó AS-§n-bn-cn-¡póp: ]¯p-I-ev]-\-

IÄ \ntj-[m-ßI Iev]-\-I-fpsS Hcp kwLm-X-a-ñ. ]n

sótbm kzmÀ°-X-bpsS, Xónð¯só AS-¨p-]q-«n-bn-cn-

¡pó Al-¯nsâ, acp-`q-an-bnð\nóv ]pd-¯p-h-cm-\pÅ

kaqÀ¯-amb \nÀt±-i-§-fm-Wv. A§s\ ]pd-¯p-h-cp-óXv

ssZh-hp-ambn kw`m-jWw \S-¯p-óXn\pw Ahn-Ss¯

Imcp-Wy-¯mð BtÇ-jn-¡-s¸-Sp-óXn\pw B ImcpWyw

aäp-Å-h-tcmSp ImWn-¡p-óXn-\p-am-Wv. A§s\ hnizmkw

Fñm-¯n-sâbpw Dd-hn-Shpw Fñm-än-s\bpw Xm§n-\n-dp-

¯p-óh-\p-amb ssZh-¯nsâ kvt\lw Gäp-]-d-bp-óp.

ssZh-hp-am-bpÅ kwkÀK-¯nsâ ]qÀW-X-bn-te¡pÅ

bm{Xbnð B kvt\l-¯mð \bn-¡-s¸-Sp-óXn\v AXv

kzbw k½-Xn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-óp.

IrX-Ú-X-bpsSbpw kvt\l-¯nsâ {]Xyp-¯-c-¯n

sâbpw ]mX-bn-emWv ]¯p-I-ev]-\-IÄ ImW-s¸-Sp-óXv.

AXp km[y-am-Ip-óXv ssZh-¯n\p \t½m-SpÅ ]cn-hÀ¯

-\m-ß-I-kvt\-l-¯nsâ A\p-`ht¯mSv \mw hnizm-k-¯nð

Xpd-hp-Åh-cm-b-Xp-sIm-ïm-Wv. Cu ]mX, tbip-hnsâ ae-

bnse {]`m-j-W-¯nse {]t_m-[-\-¯nð\nóv ]pXnb

shfn¨w kzoI-cn-¡póp (cf. a¯m 5þ7).A§-s\, k`

ssIam-dn-¯-cpó kvac-W-bpsS \nt£-]m-e-b-¯nð AS-

§n-bn-cn-¡pó \mep LS-I-§-sf¸än Rm³ ]cm-aÀin¨p

Ignªp: hnizm-k-¯nsâ Gäp-]-d-¨nð, IqZm-i-IfpsS

BtLm-jw, ]¯p Iev]-\-I-fpsS ]mX, {]mÀ°-\. k`-

bpsS aX-t_m-[\w, It¯m-en-¡m-k-`-bpsS aX-t_m-[-\-

{KÙw DÄs¸sS, ]c-¼-cm-K-X-ambn Cu \mep LS-I-§Ä

sImïp t{ImUo-I-cn-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-óp. "Xm³ F´m-bn-cn-

¡p-ópthm, Xm³ F´p hniz-kn-¡p-óthm'39 B hnizm-

k-¯nsâ k¼qÀW DÅ-S¡w kwth-Zn-¡m³ k` D]-

tbm-Kn-¡pó B GtIm-]nX {]hÀ¯-\-¯nsâ auenI

klm-bn-bmb "It¯m-en-¡m-k-`-bpsS aX-t_m-[-\-{KÙw'

C¯-c-¯nð {Iao-I-cn-¡-s¸-«-Xm-Wv.

hnizm-k-¯nsâ sFIyhpw ka-{K-Xbpw

47. Øe-Im-e§fnepÅ k`-bpsS sFIyw hnizm-k-

¯nsâ sFIy-t¯mSp _Ôn-¸n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-óp. "Hcp

ico-chpw Hcp Bßmhpw Hcp hnizm-khpw am{Xta DÅq'

(Ft^ 4:4þ5). C¡m-e¯v Hcp s]mXp-Imcy-¯n-\p-thïntbm

]c-kv]c XmXv]-cy-ap-Å-Xp-sIm-tïm, Htc `mKt[-bw

]¦n-Sp-óXn-\mtem Hcp s]mXp-e£yw DÅ-Xn-\mtem

a\p-jyÀ H¯p-tN-cp-óXv kÀh-km-[m-c-W-am-Wv. Fómð

Htc -k-Xy-¯nepÅ Hcp sFIyw k¦-ev]n-¡m³ Gsd

_p²n-ap-«pïvv. A¯-c-samcp sFIyw Nn´m-kzm-X-{ý-

¯n\pw hyàn-]-c-amb kzbwim-k-\m-[n-Im-c-¯n\pw hncp-

²-amsWóv \mw Nnń-¨p-t]m-Ip-óp. Fómepw s]mXp-

hmb Hcp ZÀi\w km[y-am-sWóv kvt\lm-\p-`hw \ap¡p

ImWn-¨p-X-cp-óp. Fs´-ómð aäp-Å-h-cpsS I®p-I-fn-

eqsS bmYmÀ°ys¯ ImtW-ï-sX-§-s\-sbóv kvt\l-

¯n-eqsS \mw ]Tn-¡p-óp. AXp \½psS ZÀi-\s¯ Zcn-

{Z-am-¡p-I-bñ k¼-óam-¡p-I-bmWv sN¿p-óXv. bYm

À°-kvt\lw ssZh-¯nsâ kvt\lw t]mse, BXy-ń-

I-ambn kXyhpw tbip-{In-kvXp-hm-Ipó kXys¯ kw_-

Ôn¨v ]¦p-h-bv¡-s¸« [ym\hpw Bh-iy-s¸-Sp-óp. kvt\

90 91

ls¯ AKm-[hpw imiz-X-hp-am-¡m³ klm-bn-¡p-óp.

CXpw hnizm-k-¯nsâ henb kt´m-j-am-Wv: Hcp ico-c-

¯nepw Hcm-ßm-hnepw ZÀi-\-¯nsâ sFIy-ap-ïm-bn-cn-

¡p-I. alm-\mb setbm amÀ]m-¸m¡v C{]-Imcw ]d-bm³

Ign-ªp. "hnizmkw FIa-sñ-¦nð AXp hnizm-k-añ'.40

Cu sFIy-¯nsâ cl-ky-sa-´mWv? hnizmkw "GI-

amWv,' Hóm-a-Xmbn, AXnsâ ImcWw Adn-b-s¸-Sp-Ibpw

Gäp-]-d-b-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN¿pó ssZhw HómWv FóXp-X-

só. Fñm hnizm-k-kXy-§fpw ssZh-s¯-¸än ]d-bp-óp.

Ahn-S-s¯bpw Ahn-Ss¯ {]hr-¯n-I-sfbpw Adnbm-\pÅ

amÀK-§-fm-W-h. Xòqew Ah-bpsS sFIyw a\p-jy-_p-²n-

bpsS GXv Bi-b-kw-Lm-X-s¯-¡mfpw DbÀó tXmXnð

DÅ-Xm-Wv. \s½ k¼-óam-¡pó Hcp sFIyw AXn-\p-ïv.

ImcWw, AXp \t½mSv kwth-Zn-¡p-Ibpw \s½ "Hóv'

B-¡n¯oÀ¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-óp.

GI-ssZ-h-¯n-te¡pw tbip-hnsâ Pohn-X-¯n-te¡pw

Ahn-Sóp \t½m-sSm¸w ]¦p-h-bv¡pó aqÀ¯-amb Ncn-{X-

¯n-te¡pw \bn-¡p-óXp-sImïpw hnizmkw GI-am-Wv.

Úm\-hm-Z-¯n\v FXn-cmb Xsâ ]S-s]m-cp-X-enð entbm

¬knse hnip² Cd-t\-hqkv C¡mcyw hyà-am-¡n. cïp-

Xcw hnizm-k-ap-sïóv Úm\-hm-Zn-IÄ ]d-ªn-cpóp: Hóv:

P\-k-aq-l-¯n\p tNÀó Akw-kvIr-Xhpw A]qÀW-hp-

amb hnizm-kw. tbip-hnsâ imco-cn-I-X-e-¯nepw Ahn-

Ss¯ cl-ky-§-sf-¡p-dn-¨pÅ [ym\-¯nepw AXp \ne-sIm-

Åp-óp. cïv: IqSp-Xð AKm-[-amb, ]qÀW-X-bpÅ hnizm-

kw. AXv D]-\-bn-¡-s¸-«-h-cpsS sNdnsbmcp hr¯-¯n\p

thïn Icp-Xn-h-¨n«pÅXmWv. tbip-hnsâ ico-c-¯n\p

AXo-X-ambn AÚm-X-ssZ-hn-I-X-bpsS cl-ky-§-sf-¸än

[ym\n-¡m³ Cu Iq«À _u²n-I-ambn Ign-hp-Å-h-cmWv.

Cópw Iptd BIÀj-Wo-b-X-bp-ÅXpw A\p-bm-bn-I-

fp-Å-Xp-amb Cu Ah-Im-i-h-mZs¯-bmWv hnip² Cd-

t\-hqkv FXnÀ¡p-óXv. B FXnÀ¸nð, Hä-hn-izm-k-ta-bp

Åqshóv At±lw Duón-¸-d-ªp. Imc-Ww, AXv a\p-

jym-h-Xm-c-¯nsâ kaqÀ¯-amb kw`-h-¯nð ASn-bp-d-¨-

Xm-Wv. AXn\v {InkvXp-hnsâ ico-c-¯n\pw Ncn-{X-¯n\pw

AXo-X-ambn \nev¡m³ km[n-¡p-I-bn-ñ. B ico-c-¯nð

]qÀW-ambn kzbw shfn-s¸-Sp-¯m³ ssZhw CjvS-s¸-

«XpsImïp-X-sóbm-W-Xv. C¡m-c-W-¯mð hnizm-ks¯

"ZoÀL-ambn {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡m³ Ign-bp-óhcpw' AXn-s\-¸än

"Aev]w am{Xw ]d-bm³ Ign-bp-óhcpw X½nð hyXym-k-an-

ñ. hen-b-hcpw sNdn-b-hcpw X½nð hnizm-k-¯nsâ Imcy-

¯nð hyXym-k-an-ñ. BZys¯ Iq«À¡v hnizm-ks¯

s]cp-¸n-¡m³ Ign-bp-I-bn-ñ. cïm-as¯ Iq«À¡v Ipd-

bv¡m\pw Ign-bp-I-bnñ.41

hnizmkw Hóm-sWóv ]d-bm-\pÅ Ah-km-\-s¯ Imc-

Ww, Htc ico-chpw Htc Bßm-hp-amb k` apgp-h\pw

AXnð ]¦p-tN-cp-óp FóXm-Wv. k`-sbó GIhnj-

b-¯nsâ kwkÀK-¯nð \ap¡p Hcp s]mXp-ho-£-W

apïmIpóp. Htc hnizmkw Gäp-]-d-ªp-sImïv \mw Htc

]md-bnð Dd-¨p-\n-ev¡p-I-bm-Wv. kvt\l-¯nsâ Htc ]cn-

ip-²m-ßm-hn-\mð \mw cq]m-´-co-I-cn-¡-s¸-«-h-cm-bn, \mw

Htc {]Imiw {]k-cn-¸n-¡p-óp. bmYmÀ°ys¯ kw_

Ôn¨v \ap¡v Htc DÄ¡m-gvN-bm-Wp-Å-Xv.

48. hnizmkw GI-am-bmð AXv AXnsâ hnip-²n-bnepw

ka-{K-X-bnepw Gäp-]-d-b-s¸-S-Ww. Fñm hnizm-k-kXy-

§fpw ]c-kv]cw _Ô-s¸-«hbmWv. AXp-sIm-ïp-Xsó

Ah-bnð Hóns\ -þ Gähpw \nÊm-c-saóp tXmóp-óh-

bnð Hóm-sW-¦nð t]mepw þ \ntj-[n-¡p-óXv apgp-h-s\

bpw hncq-]am-¡póXn\p Xpey-am-Wv.

92 93

hnizm-k-¯nsâ GsX-¦n-ep-samcp hnjbw kzoI-cn-

¡m³ IqSp-Xð Ffp-¸-ap-Å-Xmtbm IqSp-Xð {]bm-k-

ap-Å-Xmtbm Ncn-{X-¯nsâ Hmtcm L«-¯nepw ImWmw.

AXp-sImïv hnizm-k-\n-t£]w AXnsâ ka-{K-X-bnð

ssIam-dp-óp-sï-ópw (cf. 1 Xntam 6:20) hnizm-k-{]-tLm-

j-W-¯nsâ Fñm hi-§fpw thï-hn[w Duón-¸-d-bp-óp-

sï-ópw Dd-¸p-h-cp-¯p-óXn\v Pm{KX ]peÀ¯-Ww.

bYmÀ°-¯nð, hnizm-k-¯nsâ sFIyw k`-bpsS

Xsó sFIy-am-Ibmð hnizm-k-¯nð \nóv Fs´-

¦nepw ]n³h-en-¡p-óXv kwkÀK-¯nsâ kXym-h-Ø-

bnð\nóv Fs´-¦nepw ]n³h-en-¡p-óXn\p Xpey-am-Ipw.

k`m-]n-Xm-¡òmÀ hnizm-ks¯ Hcp ico-c-ambn þ hnhn[

Ah-b-h-§-fpÅ kXy-¯nsâ ico-c-ambn þ hnh-cn-¨p.

{InkvXp-hnsâ ico-c-t¯mSpw k`-bnse AXnsâ XpSÀ¨-

tbm-Sp-apÅkmZr-iy-¯n-emWv A§s\ sNbvX-Xv.42 hnizm-

k-¯nsâ ka-{K-Xsb I\y-I-bmb k`-bpsS Nn{X-t¯mS,v

{InkvXp-hn-t\m-SpÅ Ah-fpsS sshhm-lnI kvt\l-¯n-

epÅ hniz-kvX-X-tbmSjv _Ôs¸Sp-¯nbn-«p-ïv. hnizm-

k-¯n\p t{Zmlw sN¿p-I-sb-óXnsâ AÀ°w IÀ¯m-hp-

am-bpÅ kwkÀK-¯n\p t{Zmlw sN¿p-I-sb-óXm-Wv.43

At¸mÄ hnizm-k-¯nsâ sFIyw Pohn-¡pó Hcp ico-

c-¯nsâ sFIy-am-Wv. Ime-¯n-eq-sS-bpÅ kXy-{]-t_m-

[-\-¯nsâ XpSÀ¨sb hnth-Nn-¨-dn-bm³ klm-b-I-ambn

hmgv¯-s¸« tPm¬ slân- \yp-am³ X¿m-dm-¡nb {]tXyI

Ipdn-¸p-I-fnð kv]jvS-ambn {]kvXm-hn-¨n-«p-ïv. kXy-{]-

t_m-[\w, AXv Iïp-ap-«p-óXn-s\-sb-ñmw AXn-te¡v

kzmwio-I-cn-¡m³ Ign-hp-Å-Xm-Wv. AXv kón-ln-X-am-bn-

cn-¡pó hyXykvX kml-N-cy-§-fnð, AXv Iïp-ap-«pó

hyXykvX kwkvIm-c-§-fnð, Fñm-¯n-s\bpw ip²o-I-cn-

¡m\pw Ah-bpsS AXn-t{i-jvT-amb {]Im-i-\-¯n-te¡v

\bn-¡m\pw AXn\v Ign-hpïv. hnizmkw A§s\ kmÀh-

{XnIw þ ImtXm-enIw þ BsWóp sXfnbp-óp, Fs´-

ómð apgp-h³ {]]-ô-s¯bpw Ncn-{X-s¯bpw tim`n-Xam-

¡m³ thïn AXnsâ {]Imiw hÀ¯-am-\-am-Ip-óp.

49. hnizm-k-¯nsâ sFIy-¯n\pw AXnsâ ka-{K-

amb ssIam-d-en\papÅ ip{iq-j-sbó \ne-bnð IÀ¯mhv

k`bv¡v A¸-kvtXm-enI ]n³XpSÀ¨sbó Zm\w \evIn.

CXn-eqsS k`-bpsS kvac-W-bpsS XpSÀ¨ Dd-¸m-¡s¸Sp-

Ibpw hnizmkw ]p-d-s¸-Spó ip²-amb t{kmX-Ênð \nóv

Dd-t¸m-Sp-IqSn tImcn-sb-Sp-¡m³ km[y-am-Ip-Ibpw sN¿p-

óp. {]`-h-Øm-\-t¯m-SpÅ _Ô-¯nsâ Dd¸v \ap¡p

e`n-¡p-óXv, k` ssIam-dn-¯ó kPo-h -hn-izm-k-t¯m-Sp-

tNÀóp\nev-¡pó Cu ]n³Xp-SÀ¨-bnse kPo-h- hy-àn-

I-fnð \nóm-Wv. IÀ¯mhv Xnc-sª-Sp¯ km£n-I-fpsS

hniz-kvX-Xbnð k` B{i-bn-¡p-óp. C¡m-c-W-¯mð,

k`-bpsS {]t_m-[-\m-[n-Im-cw Ft¸mgpw Xsâ hnizm-

kw- ASn-Øm\am-¡n-bn-cn-¡pó BZna hN-\-t¯m-SpÅ

A\p-k-cWt¯msS kwkm-cn-¡p-óp. k`-bpsS {]t_m-[-

\m-[n-Imcw B{i-b-tbm-Ky-am-Wv. Imc-Ww, AXp tIÄ¡p-

Ibpw kwc-£n-¡p-Ibpw hni-Zo-Icn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pó

hN-\-¯nð B{i-bn-¡p-óp.45

hnip² ]utemkv ante-t¯m-knðh¨v Ft^-tkm-knse

t{ijvTòm-tcmSp ]dª bm{Xm-sam-gn-IÄ A¸-kvtXm-eòm-

cpsS \S-]-Sn-¸p-kvX-I-¯nð hnip² eq¡m hnh-cn-¨n-«p-ïv.

"ssZh-¯nsâ lnXw apgp-h\pw {]tLm-jn-¡p-óXn\v' (A¸

20:27) IÀ¯mhv Xsó Gev]n¨ ISa Xm³ \nÀh-ln-¨n-«p-

sïóv At±lw km£y-s¸-Sp-¯p-óp. k`-bpsS {]t_m-

[-\m-[n-Im-c-¯neqsS-bmWv Cu ssZhlnX-w ka-{K-ambn

\½nð -F¯p-óXv, H¸w AXp ]qÀW-ambn \nÀhln-¡m³

Ign-bp-óXn-epÅ kt´m-j-hpw.

94 95

ssZhw AhÀ¡p-thïn Hcp

\Kcw kÖo-I-cn-¡póp(cf. sl{_m 11:16)

hnizm-khpw s]mXp-\-òbpw

50. sl{_m-bÀ¡pÅ teJ-\-¯nð ]g-b-\n-b-a-¯nse

tKm{X-]n-Xm-¡òm-cp-sSbpw \oXn-\n-jvT-cmb kv{Xo]p-cp-j-

òm-cp-sSbpw IY Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-t¼mÄ Ah-cpsS hnizm-k-

¯nsâ Hcp AhiyLS-Is¯ DbÀ¯n-¡m-Wn-¡p-óp-ïv.

hnizmkw Hcp bm{X-bmbn am{X-a-ñ, GhÀ¡pw Ah-tcm-

sSm¯v Pohn-¡m³ Ign-bpó Hcp Øew Hcp-¡pó \nÀ

½mW {]{In-b-bmbpw Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-óp-ïv t]S-I-¯nð

Xsâ IpSpw-_s¯ c£n¨ t\ml-bmWv Hóm-as¯ \nÀ

½m-Xmhv (sl{_m 11:7). ]nóoSv A{_mlw hcp-óp. Dd-

am\p-jn-I-\-K-cs¯ hnizmkw {]Im-in-¸n-¡p-ó-

Xnð BZy-Xew IpSpw-_-am-Wv. (No. 52)

96 97

¸pÅ ASn-¯-d-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb \K-cs¯ {]Xo-£n-¨p-sImïv

hnizm-k-¯mð IqSm-c-§-fnð hkn-¨p-shómWv At±-l-

s¯-¸än ]d-b-s¸-«n-cn-¡póXv (cf. sl{_m 11:9-þ10).

hnizm-k-t¯mSp _Ô-s¸«v ssZh-¯n\p am{Xw \evIm³

Ign-bpó Hcp ]pXnb hnizm-k-tbmKyXbpw,-Hcp ]pXnb

ssØcyhpw DW-cp-óp. hnizm-k-apÅ a\p-jy\v hniz-kvX

\mb ssZh-¯nð, Bt½³ Bbn-«pÅ ssZh-¯nð,

B{ibw Isï-¯m\pw (cf. Gi 65:16), A§s\ kzbw

Dd¸pÅ-h-\m-Im\pw Ign-bp-sa-¦nð Cu hnizmk ssØcyw

a\p-jyhÀK-¯n\mbn ssZhw X¿m-dm-¡pó \K-cs¯bpw

kqNn-¸n-¡p-óp-shóp \ap¡p ]d-bmw. a\p-jy-cp-sS-bn-S-

bnð ssZhw kón-ln-X-\m-bn-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ a\p-jyÀ X½n-

epÅ _Ôw F{X-am{Xw ZrV-am-bn-cn-¡p-saóv hnizmkw

shfn-s¸-Sp-¯p-óp. hnizm-k-sa-óXv hnizm-knbpsS AN-

ôe-amb t_m[ys¯, Hcp B´-cnI ssØcys¯ am{X-

añ [z\n-¸n-¡p-óXv; a\p-jyÀ¡n-S-bnse _Ô-§-fpsS

taepw AXp shfn¨w hoip-óp. Fs´-ómð, AXv kvt\l-

¯nð \nóp P\n-¡póXpw ssZh-kvt\l¯nsâ Ne-\mß-

I-Xsb {]Xn-^-en-¸n-¡p-ó-Xp-am-Wv. B{i-b-tbmKy-\mb

a\p-jyÀ¡v B{i-b-tbm-Ky-amb \Kcw k½m-\n-¡p-óp.

51. hnizm-k- sh-fn¨¯n\p kvt\l-t¯mSpÅ _Ô

¯mð¯só (cf. Kem 5:6) AXp \oXn¡pw \nb-a-hy-h-

Øbv¡pw kam-[m-\-¯n\pw aqÀ¯-amb tkh\w sN¿m³

thïn-bp-Å-Xm-Wv. ssZh-¯nsâ BZn-a-kvt\-l-hp-am-bpÅ

Iïp-ap-«-enð \nómWv hnizmkw P\n-¡p-ó-Xv. B kvt\

l-¯nð \½psS Pohn-X-¯nsâ AÀ°hpw \òbpw

hyà-am-Ip-óp. \½psS PohnXw {]Im-in-X-am-Ip-óXv Cu

kvt\l-¯nsâ Ne-\m-ß-I-X-bn-te¡p {]th-in-¡pó-

Xnsâ tXmX-\p-k-cn-¨mWv; kvt\l-¯nsâ ]qÀW-X-bn-

te¡p \bn-¡pó Hcp ]mXbpw {]tbm-K-hp-am-bn-¯o-cp-ó-

X-\p-k-cn¨mWv. am\p-jnI _Ô-§-fpsS k¼-ó-X-sbbpw

AXnð \ne-\n-evIm\pw B{ib-tbm-Ky-cm-¡m\pw kaq-l-

Po-hn-Xs¯ k¼-óam-¡m-\p-apÅ Ah-cpsS Ign-hn-s\

bpw hne-a-Xn-¡m³ hnizm-k-sh-fn-¨-¯n\p km[n-¡pw.

hnizmkw \s½ temI-¯nð \nóp AI-äp-ón-ñ. \½psS

ka-Im-eo-\-X-bpsS kaqÀ¯-amb DZy-a-§-tfmSp ]pdw-Xn-

cnªp \nevIp-óp-an-ñ. - B{ib-tbm-Ky-amb Hcp kvt\l-

an-sñ-¦nð kv{Xo]p-cp-jòmsc bYmÀ°-ambn Hón-¨p-\n-dp-

¯m³ bmsXm-ón\pw km[n-¡p-I-bn-ñ; AhnsS Ah-cpsS

sFIyw D]-tbm-K-¯nsâbpw \n£n]vX XmXv]-cy-§fpsS-

bpw `b-¯n-sâbpw ASn-Øm-\-¯nð am{Xta k¦-ev]n-

¡m\mhq. Hón¨p Pohn-¡p-ó-Xnsâ \ò-bp-sS, aäp-Å-h-

cpsS tIh-e-km-ón-[y-¯n\p \evIm³ Ign-bpó kt´m-

j-¯nsâ ASn-Øm-\-¯nð k¦-ev]n-¡-s¸-Sp-I-bn-ñ. am\p

jnI-_Ô-§-fpsS hmkvXp-hn-Zysb {Kln¡m³ hnizmkw

CS-bm-¡p-óp. Fs´-ómð Ahbv¡p ssZh-¯n-epÅ, Ahn-

Ss¯ kvt\l-¯n-epÅ, BXy-´n-I-amb ASn-Øm-\hpw

kp\n-Ýn-X-amb `mK-t[-bhpw hnizmkw a\-Ên-em-¡p-óp.

A§s\ \nÀ½m-W-I-e-bpsS-tað {]Imiw sNmcn-bp-óp.

AXp s]mXp-\-òbv¡v tkh-\-am-bn-¯o-cpóp.

hnizmkw bYmÀ°-¯nð Hmtcm hyàn¡pw Hcp \ò-bm-

Wv, AXv Hcp s]mXp-\-ò-bm-Wv. AXnsâ shfn¨w k`-bpsS

AIw am{X-añ {]Im-in-¸n-¡p-ó-Xv. At§ temI-¯nð

Hcp \nXy-\-Kcw \nÀ½n-¡pI am{X-añ AXp sN¿p-ó-Xv.

AXp \½psS kaq-l-§sf {]Xym-i-bpsS `mhn-bn-te¡p

kôcn-¡m³ ]mI-¯nð sI«n-¸-Sp-¡m³ klm-bn-¡p-óp.

Cu hnj-b-¯nð sl{_m-bÀ¡pÅ teJ\w Hcp amXrI

\evIp-óp-ïv. hnizm-k-apÅ kv{Xo]p-cp-j-òm-cpsS CS-bnð

kmap-th-en-s\bpw Zmho-Zn-s\bpw t]sc-Sp¯p ]d-bp-t¼m-

98 99

gmWv A§s\ sN¿p-ó-Xv. Ah-cpsS hnizmkw Ahsc'

\oXn- \-S-¸m-¡p-ó-h-cm'-¡m³'ià-cm-¡n- (sl{_m 11:33).

Cu {]tbmKw `c-W-¯n-epÅ Ah-cpsS \oXn-sbbpw P\-

¯n\p

kam-[m\w {]Zm-\w- sN-¿m-\pÅ Ah-cpsS Úm\-

s¯bpw ]cm-aÀin-¡póp (cf. 1 kmap 12;3þ5; 2 kmap 8:15).

ssZh-kvt\-lw ASn-¯-d-bm-bp-ÅXpw _Ô-¯nð ]

Wn-Xp-bÀ¯-s¸-Sp-ó-Xp-amb Hcp ]«-Ww, D]-hn-bnð ]Wn-

Xp-bÀ¯p-t¼mÄ¯só hnizm-k-¯nsâ Ic-§Ä kzÀK-

¯n-te¡v DbÀón-cn-¡p-óp.-

hnizm-khpw IpSpw-_hpw

52. sl{_m-bÀ¡pÅ teJ-\-¯nð `mhn-\-K-c-¯n-

te-¡pÅ A{_m-l-¯nsâ bm{X-sb-¸än ]d-bp-t¼mÄ

\½psS ]nXm-¡òmcnð\nóp a¡fn-te¡p IS-¡pó A\p-

{K-l-s¯-¡p-dn¨p kqNn-¸n-¡p-ópïv (cf. sl{_m 11:20-þ21).

am\p-jn-I-\-K-cs¯ hnizmkw {]Im-in-¸n-¡p-ó-Xnð BZy-

Xew IpSpw-_-am-Wv. hnhm-l-¯nð kv{Xobpw ]pcp-j\pw

X½n-epÅ kpØnc-amb sFIy-s¯-¡p-dn¨v {]Y-ahpw

{][m-\-hp-ambn Rmhn-\nsS Nn´n-¡p-óp. ssZh-¯nsâ

Xsó kvt\l-¯nsâ AS-bm-fhpw kmón-[y-hp-saó \ne-

bn-epÅ Ah-cpsS kvt\l-¯nð\nóv Cu sFIyw P\n-

¡p-óp. ssewKn-I-hy-Xy-kvX-X-bpsS AwKo-I-c-W¯nð \

nópw kzoI-c-W-¯nð \nópw AXp P\n-¡p-óp. Cu hyXy-

kvXX hgn h[q-h-c-òmÀ Hä-i-co-c-am-Im\pw (cf. DXv] 2:24)

]pXnb Poh\p Pòw-\-evIm\pw Ign-hp-Å-h-cm-bn-¯o-cp-óp.

]pXnb Poh³ {kjvSm-hnsâ \ò-bp-sSbpw Úm\-¯n-

sâbpw kvt\l-]qÀW-amb ]²-Xn-bpsS {]Im-i-\-am-Wv.

Cu kvt\l-¯nð ASn-bp-d-¸n¨, kv{Xobv¡pw ]pcp-

j\pw X§-fpsS apgp-h³ Pohn-X-s¯bpw DÄt¨À¡p-

Ibpw hnizm-k-¯nsâ hyXykvXXe-§sf A\p-kva-cn-¸n-

¡p-Ibpw sN¿pó Hcp AS-bm-f-¯mð ]c-kv]-c-kvt\l

hmKvZm\w sN¿m³ Ign-bpóp. \½p-sS-Xsó Bi-b-§-

sf-¡mfpw kwcw-`-§-sf-¡mfpw henb ]²Xn \mw ImWp-

t¼mÄ Ftó¡pw kvt\ln-¡m-saóp hmKvZm\w sN¿m³

km[n-¡p-óp. \s½ Xm§n-\n-dp-¯p-óXpw \mw kvt\

ln-¡pó hyàn-¡p-thïn \½psS apgp-h³ `mhn-sbbpw

kaÀ¸n-¡m³ iàn \evIp-ó-Xp-amb ]²-Xn-bm-W-Xv.

k´m-t\m-Xv]m-Z-\w, AXnsâ apgp-h³ Bg-¯nepw

k¼-ó-X-bnepw {Kln-¡m³ hnizmkw \s½ klm-bn-

¡póp. Fs´-ómð, k´m-t\m-Xv]m-Z-\-¯nð Hcp- ]p-Xnb

hyàn-bpsS clkyw \s½ `c-ta-ev]n-¡pó krjvSn-¡pó

kvt\lw Xncn-¨-dn-bm³ hnizmkw CS-bm-¡p-óp. C§-s\-

bmWv kmdm, ssZh-¯nsâ hmKvZm-\-¯n-eq-sS, Ahn-Ss¯

hniz-kvX-X-bnð B{i-bn¨v hnizm-k-¯mð A½-bm-bn-

¯oÀó-Xv. (cf. sl{_m 11:11).

53. IpSpw-_-¯nð ssiihw apX-ð Pohn-X-¯nsâ Htcm

L«-¯nepw hnizmkw IqsS kôcn-¡p-óp. amXm-]n-Xm-

¡òmcpsS kvt\l-¯nð hnizm-k-aÀ¸n-¡m³ Ip«nIÄ ]

Tn-¡p-óp. CXn-\mð amXm-]n-Xm-¡-òmÀ IpSpw-_-§-fnð

hnizm-k-¯nsâ s]mXp-B-N-mc--§Ä t{]mÕm-ln-¸n-¡p-

I-sb-óXv kp{]-[m\ amb Imcy-am-Wv. Ah Ip«n-IfpsS

hnizm-k-s¯ ]IzXbnse-¯n-¡m³ klm-bn-¡pw.

bph-P-\-§Ä Pohn-X-¯nð Gsd k¦oÀWhpw k¼-

óhpw hnizm-ks¯ kw_-Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw kp{]-[m-\-hp-

amb Hcp L«-¯n-eqsS IS-óp-t]m-Ip-óp. AXp-sImïv

AhÀ {]tXy-I-ambn hnizm-k-bm-{X-bnð

100 101

kz´w IpSpw-_-§-fp-sSbpw k`-bp-sSbpw Ønc-km-ao-

]yhpw ]n³_-ehpw A\p-`-hn-¡-Ww. temI-bp-h-

P-\-kt½-f\-§-fnð bph-P\w hnizm-k¯nsâ B\-

µhpw IqSp-Xð ZrVhpw HuZmcy-]qÀW-hp-amb Hcp

hnizm-kw Po-hn-¡m\pÅ Ah-cpsS {]Xn-Úm-_-²-Xbpw

F§-s\-bmWv {]Im-in-¸n-¡p-ó-sXóv \½Ä Iïn-«p-Å-

Xm-W-tñm. {InkvXp-hpam-bpÅ Iïp-ap-«epw Ahn-Ss¯

kvt\l-¯mð {Kkn-¡-s¸-Sm\pw \bn-¡-s¸-Sm\papÅ

A\p-h-Zn-¡epw AkvXn-Xz-¯nsâ N{I-hm-f-§sf hn]p-eo-

I-cn-¡póp ; Akn-X-Xz-¯n\p \ncm-i-s¸-Sp-¯m¯ Ønc-

{]-Xo£ \evIp-Ibpw sN¿póp.

hnizmkw òcp-¡Ä¡pÅ A`-b-tI-{µ-a-ñ adn¨v, Pohn-

Xs¯ [oc-X-tbmsS ]pd-t¯¡v sImïp-hóv hnim-e-am-

¡p-óXm-Wv. Cu kvt\lw hnizm-k-tbm-Ky-am-sWópw

AXn-\mbn kzbw kaÀ¸n-¡m³ sImÅm-hp-ó-Xm-sWópw

AXp \ap¡p Dd¸p \evIp-óp. ImcWw, AXnsâ ASn-

¯d ssZh-¯nsâ hniz-kvX-XbnemWv ImW-s¸-Sp-ó-Xv.

B hniz-kvXX \ap-¡pÅ Fñm ZuÀ_-ey-§-sf-¡mfpw

ià-am-Wv.

kaq-l-¯nse Pohn-X-¯n\v Hcp shfn¨w

54. IpSpw-_-¯nð kzmwio-I-cn¡-s¸«pw AKm-[-am-¡-

s¸«pw hnizmkw Fñm kmaq-lnI _Ô-§-sfbpw {]Im-

in-¸n-¡m³ Ign-hpÅ Hcp Zo]-am-bn-¯o-cp-óp. ssZh-¯n-sâ

]nXr-Xz-¯n-sâbpw Ahn-Ss¯ Icp-W-bp-sSbpw A\p-`-

h-saó \ne-bnð AXv kmtlm-Z-cy-¯nsâ ]mX-bnð \

s½ \S-¯p-óp. ka-Xz-¯nð ASn-Øm-\-s¸-Sp-¯nb Hcp

kmtlm-Zcyw ]Sp-¯p-bÀ¯m³ B[p-\n-I-Xm-hmZw ]cn-{i-

an-¨p. ]t£, B kmtlm-Zcyw AXnsâ BXy-ńI ASn-¯-

d-bmbn Hcp s]mXp-]n-Xm-hns\

]cm-aÀin-¡m-Xn-cp-ómð AXn\p

\ne-\n-ev]p-ïm-Ip-I-bn-sñóp

{ItaW \mw a\-Ên-em-¡n. \mw

kmtlm-Z-cy-̄ nsâ icn-bmb ASn-

Øm-\-̄ n-te¡p Xncn-b-Ww.

kwLÀjanñm¯-Xm-bn-cp-ón-

sñ¦nepw hnizm-k-¯nsâ Ncn{Xw

Bcw`w apXð kmtlm-Z-cy

-¯nsâ Ncn-{X-am-bn-cp-óp. ssZhw

A{_m-ls¯ kz´w \m«nð\n

óp ]pd-s¸-Sm³ hnfn-¨p. At±-

ls¯ AXp-ey-amb Hcp almP

\-X-bm-¡p-saó,v ssZhn-Im-\p-{K-

l-§Ä \nh-kn-¡pó Hcp alm

P\-am-¡p-saó,v hmKvZm\w sN-

bvXp (cf. DXv] 12:1þ3). c£m-N-

cn{Xw ]ptcm-K-an-¡p-t¼mÄ Hcp

Imcyw \mw Isï-¯p-óp.-

tbip-hnð ]qÀWX tXSpó

Cu GI- A-\p-{K-l-̄ nð ktlm

-Z-c§sfó \ne-bnð Gh-scbpw

]¦p-Imcm-¡-W-saóv ssZhw

B{K-ln-¡p-óp-. Fñm-hcpw Hóm-

Im³ thïn-bm-W-Xv. ]nXm-hnsâ

A£b kvt\lw tbip-hnð,

ktlm-Z-c-§-fpsS kmón-[y-̄ n-

eq-sSbpw ]IÀóp \evI-s -̧Sp-óp.

AXm-bXv Hmtcm kv{Xobnepw ]pcp

Hmtcm kv{Xobnepw

]pcpj\nepw

F\n-¡pÅ Hcp

A\p-{K-lapïv

Fópw

ssZh-¯nsâ

apJ-Imń

ktlm-Z-§fpsS

hZ-\¯n-eqsS

Fsó {]Im-in-

¡p-óp-shópw

ImWm³ hnizmkw

Fsó

]Tn-¸n-¡p-óp.

102 103

-j\nepw F\n-¡pÅ Hcp A\p-{K-lapïv Fópw ssZh-

¯nsâ apJ-Im´n ktlm-Z-§fpsS hZ-\¯n-eqsS Fsó

{]Im-in-¡p-óp-shópw ImWm³ hnizmkw Fsó ]Tn-¸n-

¡p-óp.

a\p-jy-\-K-c-¯n\v, AXnsâ s]mXp-Po-hn-X-¯n\p thïn

F{Xsb{X \òI-fmWv ss{IkvX-h-hn-izm-k-ho-£Ww \

evIn-bn-«p-Å-Xv! hnizm-k-¯nsâ klm-b-¯mð Hmtcm

hyàn-bp-sSbpw AXp-ey-a-l¯zw a\-Ên-em-¡m³ \ap¡p

km[n-¨n«p-ïv. AXp {]mNo-\-temI¯v kphn-ZnX-ambn-

cp-ón-ñ. cïmw \qäm-ïnð hnPm-Xn-b\mb sNðkqkv

hnUvVn-¯-saópw anYy-sbópw AbmÄ Icp-Xn-bn-cpó

Hcm-i-b-¯nsâ t]cnð {InkvXym-\n-Isf Ipä-s¸-Sp-¯p-I-

bp-ïm-bn: ssZhw a\p-jy-\p-thïn temIw krjvSn¨v a\p-

jys\ {]]-ô¯nsâ AXyp-óX irwK-¯nð {]Xn-jvTn-

¨p. "]pñp hf-cp-óXv Gähpw ImS-¯-apÅ, hnth-I-an-ñm¯

arK-§Ä¡p-th-ïn-b-ñmsX a\p-jysâ D]-Im-c-¯n\p

thïn-bm-sWóv Ah-Im-i-s¸-Sp-ó-sX-´p-sImïmWv?'46

kzÀK-¯nsâ Dó-X-¯nð\nóv \mw `qan-bn-te¡p t\m¡p-

I-bm-sW-¦nð \½psS {]hr-¯nIfpw Fdp-¼p-I-fp-sSbpw

tX\o-¨-I-fp-sSbpw {]hr-¯n-Ifpw X½nð Fs´-¦nepw

hyXymkw hmkvX-h-¯nð Dïm-bn-cn-¡ptam?47

ss__nfnse hnizm-k-¯nsâ aÀ½-¯nð ssZh-¯nsâ

kvt\l-am-Wp-Å-Xv. Hmtcm hyànsb kw_-Ôn¨pw Ahn-

Ss¯ aqÀ¯-amb Icp-Xem-Wp-Å-Xv. a\p-jy-hw-i-s¯

apgp-h\pw kÀh-kr-jvSn-sbbpw BtÇ-jn-¡pó Ahn-

Ss¯ c£m-]-²-Xn-bm-Wp-Å-Xv. AXv tbip-{In-kvXp-hn-

sâ a\p-jym-h-Xmcw, ac-Ww, D°m\w Fón-h-bnð ]qÀ

W-X-bn-se-¯póp.

Cu bmYmÀ°y-w Xa-kvI-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-t¼mÄ a\p-jy-Po-

hs\ Aaq-eyhpw A\-\y-hp-am-¡p-ó-sXt´m AXp Xncn-

¨-dn-bm-\pÅ am\-ZWvUw Cñm-Xm-Ipóp; a\p-jy\v {]]-ô

¯nepÅ Øm\w \jvS-s¸-Spóp. Hóp-Inð kz´w [mÀ½n-

tIm-¯-c-hm-ZnXzw Dt]-£n-¨p-sImïv Ah³ {]Ir-Xn-bn-ð

A{]-Xy-£-\m-Ipóp Asñ-¦nð koam-Xo-X-amb ssII-S-

¯-en-\pÅ Ah-Imiw kzbw Dsïóp ̀ mhn¨v Ah³ tkz

Om-[n-Im-cn-bmb Hcp hn[n-IÀ¯m-hmbn Na-bp-óp.

55. t\tc-a-dn¨v, hnizmkw {kjvSm-hmb ssZh-¯nsâ

kvt\lw shfn-s¸-Sp-¯p-ó-Xp-hgn {]Ir-Xnsb hfsctbsd

BZ-cn-¡m\pw AXnð ssZh-Icw sImsï-gp-Xnb Hcp hy-

mI-cWw Xncn-¨-dn-bm\pw, \½psS kwc-£-Wbv¡pw kq£-

¯n-\p-ambn Gev]n-¡-s¸« hm-k-Ø-eambn AXns\ BZ-

cn-¡m\pw thï Ignhp \ap¡p \evIp-óp. D]-tbm-K£-a

-X-bpw em`-hpw am{Xw ASn-Øm-\-am¡m-¯, krjvSnsb

Hcp Zm\ambpw \s½ Fñm-h-scbpw AXn-t\mSv IS-¸m-Sp-Å

-h-cmbpw Icp-Xp-óp. hnI-k-\-am-Xr-I-Isf Bkq-{XWw

sN¿m³ hnizmkw \s½ klm-bn-¡p-óp. A[n-Imcw ssZh

-¯nð \nóp hcp-óp-shópw AXnsâ e£yw s]mXp-\-

òbv¡p tkh\w sN¿p-I-sb-ó-Xm-sWópw a\-Ên-em¡n

\oXn-]qÀh-I-amb Kh¬saâ v cq]-s¸-Sp-¯m\pw hnizmkw

\s½ ]Tn-¸n-¡p-óp.

hnizmkw AXp-t]m-se-Xsó £an-¡m-\pÅ km[y

Xbpw \evIp-óp. AXn\v an¡-t¸mgpw ka-bhpw ]cn-{i-

ahpw kl-\-iànbpw kaÀ¸-W-_p-²nbpw Bh-iy-am-Wv.

\ò BZn-bnse DÅ-Xm-sWópw Xnòsb¡mÄ IqSp-Xð

ià-am-sWópw ssZhw \½psS Pohn-Xs¯ ]pjvSn-s¸-Sp-

¯m³ D]-tbm-Kn-¡pó hN\w Fñm \ntj-[-§sf-¡mfpw

AKm-[-am-sWópw \mw Iïp-]n-Sn-¡p-t¼mÄ £a km[y-

am-bn-¯o-cp-óp. tIhew \c-hwi-im-kv{X-]-c-amb \ne-]

m-Snð \nóp t\m¡p-t¼mÄ sFIyw kwL-«-\-s¯-¡mÄ

104 105

t{ijvT-am-Wv. kwLÀjw ]qÀW-ambn Hgn-hm-¡m\m-hn-ñ.

]t£ AXp \mw Pohn-t¡-ï-Xv, AXp ]cn-l-cn-¡m\pw

AXns\ AXn-Po-hn-¡m\pw AXns\ Hcp N§ebnse I®n

-sb-ó-t]mse sFIy-¯n-te-¡pÅ Hcp aptó-ä-ambn ]cn-

hÀ¯n-¸n-¡m\pw {ian-¨p-sIm-ïm-Wv.

hnizmkw ZpÀ_-e-am-Ip-t¼mÄ a\p-jy-PohnX-¯nsâ

ASn-Øm-\-§fpw ZpÀ_-e-am-Im\pÅ A]-ISkm[y-X

bpïv. alm-I-hn-bmb än.-F-Êv. Fen-b«v apó-dn-bn¸v \evIn-

b-Xp-t]m-se-Xsó: "kwkvIm-capÅ kaq-l-¯nð \n§

Ä¡v A`n-am\n¡m³ Ign-bpó efn-X-amb t\«-§Ä t]mepw

Ah-bpsS {]m[m-\y-¯n\p -I-S-s¸-«n-cn-¡pó hnizm-ks¯

AXn-Po-hn-¡m³ {]bm-k-am-sWóv \n§-tfmSp ]d-tb-

ï-Xptïm?'48 \½psS \K-c-§-fnð\nóv ssZhhnizm-kw

amän-¡-f-ªmð ]c-kv]-c-hn-izmkw ZpÀ_-e-am-Ipw. `bw

sImïp-am{Xw \½Ä sFIy-s¸«p \nev¡pIbpw \½psS

ØncXbv¡v `ojWn Dïm-hp-Ibpw sN¿pw.

sl{_m-bÀ¡pÅ teJ-\-¯nð \mw C§s\ hmbn-¡p-

óp: "Ah-cpsS ssZh-saóp hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp-ó-Xnð ssZhw

eÖn-¡p-ónñ. AhÀ¡mbn Ahn-Sóv Hcp \Kcw kÖ-am-

¡n-bn-«pïv' (sl{_m 11:16). ChnsS "eÖn-¡p-ónñ' Fó

{]tbmKw s]mXp-Aw-Ko-Im-c-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-óp.

]d-bm³ Dt±-in-¡p-óXv CXmWv: ssZhw aqÀ¯-amb Xsâ

{]hr-¯n-IÄ hgn \½p-sS-bn-S-bnð kón-ln-X-\m-sWópw

Hmtcm am\p-jn-I-_-Ô-s¯bpw ZrVo-I-cn-¡m³ Ahn-Sóv

B{K-ln-¡p-óp-sh-ópw ]c-ky-{]kvXm-h\ sN¿p-óp. t\tc-

a-dn¨v ssZhs¯ \½psS ssZh-saóp hnfn-¡m³ eÖn-¡p-

óXv \½Ä BsW-¦ntem, s]mXp-Po-hn-X-¯nð Ahn-Ss¯

Gäp-]-d-bm³ ]cm-P-b-s¸-SpóXv \½-fm-sW-¦ntem Ahn-

Sóv km[y-am-¡pó s]mXp-Po-hn-X-¯nsâ al-\o-b-Xsb

Bhn-jvIcn¡m³ ]cm-P-b-s¸-SpóXv \½Ä BsW-¦ntem?

hnizmkw kmaq-lnI Pohn-X-s¯ {]Im-in-¸n-¡p-óp. Ncn

-{X-¯nsâ Hmtcm ]pXnb \nan-j-¯n\pw thïn AXv Hcp

kÀKm-ß-I-shfn¨w kz´-am-¡n-bn-cn¡p-óp. Imc-Ww, AXv

Fñm kw`-h-§sfbpw \s½ kvt\ln-¡pó ]nXm-hnð

AXnsâ DXv]-¯n-tbmSpw `mK-t[-b-t¯m-Sp-apÅ _Ô

-¯nð {]Xn-jvTn-¡póp.

kl-\-¯n-\n-S-bnð Bizm-khpw iànbpw

56. hnip² ]utemkv Xsâ kl-\-§-sfbpw ]co-£-

I-sfbpw ]än tImdn-t´m-knse {InkvXym-\n-IÄ¡p Fgp-

Xp-t¼mÄ Xsâ kphn-ti-j-{]-tLm-j-W-t¯mSv Xsâ

hnizm-ks¯ _Ôn-¸n-¡p-óp-ïv. "Rm³ hniz-kn¨p; AXp-

sImïv Rm³ {]kw-Kn¨p' (2 tImdn 4:13) Fó thZ-{K-Ù-

hmIyw Xónð \nd-th-dn-b-Xmbn At±lw ]dbp-óp. 116-þmw

k¦oÀ¯-\-¯nse Hcp hmIyt¯mSmWv AXnsâ ]cm-

aÀiw. AXnð k¦oÀ¯-I³ C§s\ DZvtLm-jn-¡póp:

"Rm³ sImSnb Zpcn-X-¯nð AI-s¸«p Fóp ]d-ª-

t¸mgpw Rm³ Fsâ hnizmkw Im¯pkq£n¨p' (hmIyw

10). hnizm-ks¯¡pdn¨p kwkm-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ ]e-t¸mgpw

thZ-\m-P-\-I-amb ]co-£-Isf-¸-än-bpw ]d-tbïn hcmw.

-A¯cw ]co-£-Ifn-emWv Gähpw t_m[yw hcp-¯pó

kphn-ti-j-¯nsâ {]tLmj-Ww ]utem-kp ImWp-ó-Xv.

Fs´-ómð, ZuÀ_-ey-¯nepw kl-\-¯n-ep-am-Wv \½psS

ZuÀ_-ey-s¯bpw kl-\-s¯bpw Iog-S-¡pó ssZh-

¯nsâ iàn \mw Isï-¯p-ó-Xv. {InkvXym-\n-IÄ¡p

Poh-\m-bn-¯o-cm-hpó Hcp acW¯nsâ kml-N-cy-¯nð

A¸-kvtXm-e³ Xsó F¯n-s¸«p (cf. 2 tImdn 4:7þ12).

]co-£-bpsS aWn-¡q-dnð hnizmkw shfn¨w \evIp-óp.

kl-\¯nepw ZuÀ_-ey¯nep-amWv "R§Ä DZvtLm-jn-

106 107

hnizm-k- sh-fn¨w

Cu temI-¯nsâ

kl-\-§sf hnkva-

cn-¡m³ \s½

t{]cn-¸n-¡p-ón-ñ.

hnizm-knIfmb

F{Xtbm kv{Xo

]p-cp-j-òmÀ¡mWv

shfn-¨-¯nsâ

a[y-Øcmbn

kln-¡p-óÀ

amdn-bn-«pÅ-Xv.

¡p-óXv R§-sf-¡p-dn-¨-ñ. {]Xyp-X, tbip-{In-kvXp-hns\

IÀ¯m-hmbn«mWv' (2 tImdn 4:5). Fó hmIyw kphy-à-

am-Ip-ó-Xv. sl{_m-bÀ¡pÅ teJ-\-¯nse ]Xn-s\mómw

A[ymbw hnizm-k-¯n\pthïn kln-¨-hsc ]cm-aÀin-¨p-

sImïv D]-kw-l-cn-¡póp (cf. sl{_m 11:35-þ38). A§s\

kln-¨-h-cnð {it²-b-\m-bXv tami-bm-Wv. At±lw {InkvXp-

hn-\p-thïn ]oU\w kln¨p (cf. hmIyw 26).

kl\w Hgn-hm-¡m³ km[n-¡p-I-bn-sñóp {InkvXym-\n-

IÄ Adn-bp-óp. Fómepw AXn\v AÀ°-ap-ïm-Imw. AXv

kvt\l-¯n-sâ Hcp {]hr-¯nbpw \s½ Dt]-£n-¡m¯

ssZh-¯nsâ ssII-fn-te-¡pÅ kaÀ¸-W-hpw-am-Imw.

A§s\ AXv hnizm-k-¯nepw kvt\l-¯n-ep-apÅ hfÀ¨-

bpsS Hcp ]Snbm-Imw.

Ipcn-inse kl-\-¯nsâ ]mc-ay-¯nepw {InkvXp-hn\p

]nXm-hn-t\m-Sp-ïm-bn-cpó sFIy-s¯-¸än (cf.aÀt¡m 15/34)

[ym\n-¡pó {InkvXym-\n-IÄ {InkvXp-hnsâ AtX ho£-

W-¯nð ]¦p-tN-cm³ ]Tn-¡póp. acWw t]mepw Zo]vX-

am-bn-¯o-cpóp. hnizm-k-¯n-te-¡pÅ A-´n-a hnfnbmbn

ac-WwPohn-¡m-hp-ó-Xm-Wv. "\nsâ Pò-\m-«nð \nóp ]pd

-s¸-SpI' (DXv] 12:1) sbó ]nXm-hnsâ BXy-´n-I-hn-fn-

bmbn, "hcpI'sbó hnfn-bmbn A\p-`-hn-¡mhpó-Xm-Wv.

\½psS Ahkm\ Nph-Sp-h-bv]nepw \s½ Ahn-Sóv kpZr-

V-cmbn \ndp-¯p-saó -hn-izm-k-t¯m-sS- Cu ]nXm-hn\v \mw

kzbw kaÀ¸n-¡póp.

57. hnizm-k- sh-fn¨w Cu temI-¯nsâ kl-\-§sf

hnkva-cn-¡m³ \s½ t{]cn-¸n-¡p-ón-ñ. hnizm-knIfmb

F{Xtbm kv{Xo]p-cp-j-òmÀ¡mWv shfn-¨-¯nsâ a[y-Ø

cmbn kln-¡p-óÀ amdn-bn-«pÅ-Xv. A§-s\-bmWv Ip-

jvT-tcm-Kn -AÊo-kn-se hnip-² -{^m³knkn\pw Zcn-{ZÀ

Ið¡-«-bnse hmgv̄ -s¸« aZÀ

sXtc-k-mbv¡pw shfn-̈ -ta-In-b-Xv.

IpjvT-tcm-Kn-bnepw Zcn-{Z-cnepw

{]hÀ¯n-¡pó clkyw AhÀ

{Kln¨p. kln-¡p-ó-h-cn-te¡v

ASp-¯p-sImïv AhÀ¡v XoÀ¨-

bmbpw AhcpsS Fñm thZ-\

Ifpw Cñm-Xm-¡mt\m Hmtcm Xnò-

bv¡pw hni-Zo-I-cWw \evImt\m

Ign-ªn-ñ. \½psS Ccp«p apgp-

h\pw \o¡n¡fbpó shfn-¨

añ hnizm-kw. ]n-sótbm cm{Xn-

bnð \½psS Ime-Sn-Isf \bn-

¡pó hnf-¡m-WXv. bm{Xbv¡v

AXp aXn-bm-Ipw. Fñm Imcy-

§Ä¡pw hni-Zo-I-cWw \ev

Ipó \ymb-§-sfmópw ssZhw

kln-¡pó-h-tcmSv ]d-bp-ón-ñ.

]n-sótbm, IqsS N-cn-¡pó

kmón-[y-¯n-sâ- cq]-¯n-emWv

Ahn-S-\\p adp-]Sn \evIp-ó-Xv.

{InkvXp-hnð, ssZhw Xsó

\t½m-sSm¸w Cu ]mX ]¦n-Sm\pw

\ap¡v Cu ]mX-bnð shfn¨w

ZÀin-¡m-\mbn Xsâ ho£Ww

k½m-\n¡m\pw Xncp-a-\-Êm-bn.

{InkvXp-hmWv thZ\ kln-¨p

-sImïv "\½psS hnizm-k-¯nsâ

{]mcw-`-I\pw AXns\ ]qÀW-X-

bnð F¯n-¡p-ó-h\pw Bb-h³'

108 109

(sl{_ 12:2).Hmtcm kl-\-]Àh-¯nepw Hcp {]Im-i -hm-Xm-

b\w Xpd-¡m³ kl-\-N-cn-{X-t¯mSp tNcpó \ò-bp-sS

-N-cn-{X-¯nsâ cq]-¯nð.

s]mXp-\òbv¡p hnizmkw sN¿pó tkh\w Ft¸mgpw

{]XymibptS-Xm-sW-óv kl\w \s½ A\p-kva-cn-¸n-¡p-

óp. ssZh-¯nð \nóp am{XamWv, D°n-X-\mb tbip-hnð

\nóphcpó `mhn-bnð \nóp am{XamWv, \½psS kaq-l-

¯n\v kpZr-Vhpw imiz-X-hp-amb ASn-Øm-\-§Ä Isï-

¯m³ Ign-bpI Fó-dn-ªv {]Xymi Ft¸mgpw apón-te¡p

t\m¡póp. Cu AÀ°-¯nð hnizmkw {]Xymi-tbmSp

_Ô-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-óp. ImcWw, ChnsS Xmsg \ap-¡pÅ

hm-ktKlw PoÀWn¨p t]mIp-I-bm-sW-¦nepw \ap¡p

imiz-X-amb Hcp hk-Xnbpïv; {InkvXphnð Ahn-Ss¯

ico-c-¯nð, ssZhw CXn-\Iw kam-cw-`n-¨Xm-WXv (cf 2

tImdn 4:16-þ5:5). hnizmkw, icWw, kvt\lw Fón-h-bpsS

kzbw Ne-\m-ß-IX (cf 1 sXkm 1:3; 1 tImdn 13:13) A§s\

B \K-c-¯n-te-¡pÅ \½psS bm{X-bnð Fñm a\pjy-

cp-sSbpw DXvI-WvTIsf BtÇ-jn-¡m³ {]tNm-Zn-¸n-¡póp.

"B \K-c-¯nsâ inev]nbpw \nÀ½m-Xmhpw ssZh-amWv'

(sl{_m 11:10). Fs´-ómð "{]Xymi \s½ \ncm-i-cm

¡pónñ' (tdmam 5:5).

hnizm-kt¯mSpw kvt\l-t¯mSpapÅ sFIy-¯nð,

euInI hn{K-l-§fpsS ambm-\nÀt±-i-§Ä¡v _Z-embn

Hcp hyXy-kvX-am-\-¯nð {]Xn-jvTn-X-am-Ip-óXpw A\p-Zn-

\-Po-hn-X-¯n\v ]pXp-i-ànbpw ]p¯³ B¡hpw \evIp-

ó-Xp-amb Dd-¸pÅ `mhn-bn-te¡v {]Xymi \s½ DbÀ¯n-

hn-Sp-óp. Imes¯ inYn-eo-I-cn¨v AXns\ Øeam¡n

amäp-óXpw \½psS {]bm-Ws¯ XS-bp-ó-Xp-amb XmXvIm-

enI ]cn-lm-c-§tfm \nÀt±-i-§-tfm-sImïv {]Xym-ibv¡v

a§-te-¡m³ \ap¡v A\p-h-Zn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡mw. Ime-am-I-s«,

`mthym-òp-J-am-Wv. {]Xym-i-tbmsS aptó-dm³ AXp \s½

Dt¯-Pn-¸n-¡p-óp.

hniz-kn-¨-hÄ `mKy-hXn (eq¡m 1:45)

58. hnX-¡m-csâ D]-a-bnð "\ñ \ne-¯n'-sâ AÀ°w

hyà-am-¡n-s¡mïv tbip ]d-bpó hm¡p-IÄ hnip²

eq¡m tcJ-¸-Sp-¯nbn-«pïv: "...ChÀ hN\w tI«v, DXvIr-

jvShpw \nÀ½-e-hp-amb lrZ-b-¯nð AXp kw{Kln¨v

£a-tbmsS ^ew ]pd-s¸-Sp-hn-¡p-ó-h-cmWv' (eq¡m 8:15).

eq¡m-bpsS kphn-ti-j-¯nsâ kml-N-cy-¯nð hN\w

tIÄ¡p-Ibpw kq£n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pó DXvIr-jvShpw \nÀ

½-ep-amb lrZbs¯¡p-dn-¨pÅ ]cm-aÀiw I\y-Im-a-dn-b-

¯n-\pÅ hnizm-k-¯nsâ AXnkq£va Nn-{XoIcWam-Wv.

B kphn-tijI³ Xsó adn-b-¯nsâ kvac-W-sb-¡p-

dn¨p {]kvXm-hn-¡p-óp-ïv. h-N\w Xsâ Pohn-X-¯nð

^ew ]pd-s¸-Sp-hn-¡p-ó-Xn-\p-thïn Xm³ tIÄ¡p-Ibpw

ImWp-Ibpw sNbvX-sXñmw AhÄ F§s\ lrZ-b-¯nð

kq£n¨pshóp ]d-bp-óp-ïv. IÀ¯m-hnsâ A½ hnizm-

k-¯nsâ ]qÀW-X-bpÅ sF¡¬ BWv, hnip² Fen-k-

_¯p ]d-ª-Xp-t]mse Xsó: "hniz-kn-¨-hÄ `mKy-hXn'

(eq¡m 1:45).

kmdm- XpS-§n ]qÀh-]n-Xm-¡-òm-Às¡m¸w ssZh-¯nsâ

hmKvZm\w ]qÀ¯o-I-cn-¡m\pw ]pXp-Po-h³ ]qjv]n-¡m\pw

CSw \evIn-b-h-cmb hnizm-kn-I-fmb At\Iw kv{XoP-\-

§-fpsS hnh-cWw DÄs¡m-Åpó ]gb \nb-a-¯nsâ \oï

hnizm-k-N-cn{Xw kntbm³ ]p{Xn-bmb adn-b-¯nð \nd-th-

dp-óp. Ime-k-¼qÀW-X-bnð adn-b-¯nsâ ]¡-te¡p hó

ssZh-h-N-\s¯ apgp-k-¯-tbmSpw IqsS AhÄ Xsâ lrZ-

b-¯nð kzoI-cn-¨p. Ah-fnð AXp amwkw [cn-¡m\pw

110 111

a\p-jyÀ¡pÅ shfn-¨-ambn P\n-¡m\pw thïn-bm-bn-cp-

óp, AXv. cà-km-£n-bmb hnip² PÌn³ Xsâ "{Snt^m-

bp-am-bpÅ kw`m-j-W¯nð' Fó {KÙ-¯nð lrZb-lm-

cn-bmb Hcp {]tbmKw \S-¯p-óp-ïv. adnbw amem-J-bpsS

ktµiw kzoI-cn-¨p-sImïv "hnizm-k-s¯bpw kt´m-j-

s¯bpw' KÀ`w[cn-¨p-shóv At±lw \t½mSp ]d-bp-óp.49

tbiphnsâ A½-bnð hnizmkw AXnsâ ]qÀW-X-bnð

^e-aWn-ªp. \½psS B[ym-ßnI PohnXw ^e-w \evIp-

t¼mÄ \mw kt´m-j-¯mð ]qcnX-cm-Ipw. AXv hnizm-k-

¯nsâ al-¯z-¯nsâ Gähpw hyà-amb AS-bm-f-amWv.

Xsâ ]p{Xsâ Ime-Sn-Isf ]n³sN-óp-sImïv adnbw

Xsâ Pohn-X-¯nð hnizm-k-XoÀ°m-S\w ]qÀ¯o-I-cn-¨p.50

A§s\ adn-b¯nð ]g-b-\n-b-a-¯nse hnizm-kbm{X,

{InkvXm\p-K-a\ cq]w ssIs¡m-Åp-Ibpw a\p-jym-h-Xm-

cw sNbvX ssZh-]p-{Xsâ Xsó ISm-£-¯n-te¡p {]

th-in-¨p-sImïv Ahn-S-ó-Xn-\mð cq]m-´-co-I-cn¡s¸Sm³

kzbw hn«p-sIm-Sp-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-óp.

59. ap¼v Rm³ Duón-¸-dª Hcp hkvXpX ]cn-ip²

I\y-Im-a-dn-b-¯nð ImWp-óp-shóp ]qÀWambn \ap¡p

]d-bmw. AXm-b-Xv, hniz-kn-¡pó hyàn- Xsâ hnizm-k-

{]-Jym-]-\-¯n-ð DÄt¨-cp-óp. tbip-hn-t\m-SpÅ Ah-fpsS

Dä-_Ôw aqew adnbw \mw hnizmk-n-¡póXv Ft´m AXn-

t\mSv Xn«-ambn _Ô-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-óp. adn-b-¯nsâ I\y-Im-

KÀ`-[m-c-W-¯nð {InkvXp-hnsâ ssZh-]]p{XXz¯nsâ

hyà-amb AS-bmfw \ap¡p \evIp-óp. {InkvXp-hnsâ

\nXy-amb DdhnSw ]nXm-hnem-Wv. k¼qÀWhpw A\-\y-hp-

amb AÀ°-¯nð Ahn-Sóv ssZh]p{X-\m-Wv. AXp-sImïv

]pcp-jsâ CSs]Sð IqSmsX Ahn-S-óp Ime-¯nð P\n-

¨p. ssZh]p{X-s\ó \ne-bnð tbip temI-¯n\p ]pXnb

XpS-¡-hpw- ]p-Xnb {]Im-ihpw a\p-jy-N-cn-{X-¯n³tað

hÀjn-¡-s¸« ssZh-¯nsâ hnizkvXkvt\-l-¯n-\pÅ

]qÀWXbpw sImïphóp. adp-h-i¯v Fómð adn-b-

¯nsâ bYmÀ°-am-XrXzw ssZh-]p-{X\v bYmÀ° a\p-jy-

N-cn{Xw, Dd-¸m-¡p-óp, Ipcn-inð acn-¡p-Ibpw arX-cnð \nóv

DbnÀ¡p-Ibpw sN-¿pó bYmÀ° icocw Dd¸phcp-¯n.

adnbw tbip-hn-t\m-sSm¸w Ipcn-ip-hsc kôcn¡pw (cf

tbml 19:25). Ahn-sS-\nóv Ah-fpsS amXrXzw tbip-hnsâ

Hmtcm injy-\n-te¡pw hym]n-¡pw (cf tbml 19:26þ27).

tbip-hnsâ D°m-\-¯n\pw kzÀKm-tcm-l-W-¯n-\p-wtijw

AhÄ skln-tbm³ Du«p-im-e-bnð Çol-òmtcmSp tNÀóv

]cn-ip-²m-ßm-hnsâ Zm\-¯n-\mbn {]mÀ°n-¨p-sImïv kón-

ln-X-bm-bn-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pw (cf A¸ 1:14).

]nXmhpw ]p{X\pw ]cn-ip-²m-ßmhpw X½n-epÅ kvt\l-

¯nsâ Ne\w \½psS Ncn-{X-¯n-eqsS IS-óp-t]mbn. \s½

c£n-¡m³ thïn {InkvXp \s½ Xónte¡v BIÀ-jn-¨p

(cf tbml 12:32). kv{Xobnð \nóp P\n¨, ssZh-]p{X-\mb

tbip-hns\ Gäp-]-d-bp-ó-h-\mWv hnizm-k-¯nsâ tI{µ-

_n-µp. Ahn-Sóv ]cn-ip-²m-ßm-hnsâ Zm\-¯n-eqsS Z¯p-]p

-{X-Øm-\-t¯¡v \s½ {]th-in-¸n-¡p-ó.(cf Kem 4 :4).

60. k`-bpsSbpw \½psS hnizm-k-¯nsâbpw A½-

bmb adn-b-¯n-te¡p {]mÀ°\m]qÀhw \ap¡v Xncn-bmw.

At½, R§-fpsS hnizm-ks¯ klmbn-¡-W-ta.

ssZh-kzchpw Ahn-Ss¯ hnfnbpw Xncn-¨-dn-bm\mbn

hN-\-¯n\p apónð R§-fpsS ImXp-Isf - Xpd-¡-Wta.

R§-fpsS hnizmkw ]IzX {]m]n-¡m-\mbn hnfn-¡-s¸-

Sp-t¼mÄ, ]oU-\-§fp-sSbpw Ipcn-in-sâbpw \nan-j-§-fnð

khn-ti-j-am-bpw, Ahn-S-ónð ]qÀW-ambn B{i-bn-¡m\pw

112 113

Ahn-Ss¯ kvt\l-¯nð hniz-kn-¡m\pw R§sf XpW-

¨m-epw.

D°n-X-\m-b-hsâ kt´mjw R§-fpsS hnizm-k-¯nð

hnX-bv¡-W-ta.

hniz-kn-¡p-ó-hÀ Hcn-¡epw Häbv¡-sñ-óv R§sf

HmÀ½n-¸n-¡-W-ta.

R§-fpsS ]mX-bnð tbip shfn-¨-am-Im³ Ahn-Ss¯

I®p-IÄsImïv t\m¡m³ R§sf ]Tn-¸n-¨mepw. A§-

bpsS ]p{X\pw R§-fpsS IÀ¯m-hp-amb {InkvXp Xsó-

bmb B AkvX-an-¡m¯ Zn\w DZbw sN¿pw-hsc Cu

hnizmk shfn¨w R§-fnð Fópw hf-c-s«.

\nsâ ]p{X\pw R§-fpsS IÀ¯m-hp-amb {InkvXpX-

só-bm-Wtñm Cu {]Im-iw.

tdmanð skâ v ]otä-gvknð Pq¬ 29-þmw- Xo-b-Xn, ]t{Xmkv

]utemkv Çol-òm-cpsS Xncp-\mÄ Znhkw 2013-þmw hÀj-

¯nð, Fsâ ]c-am-Nm-cy-Xz-¯nsâ Hómw hÀjw \evI-

s¸-«-Xv.

{^m³knkv ]m¸

[1] Dialogus cum Tryphone Iudaeo, 121, 2: PG 6, 758.

[2] Clement of Alexandria, Protrepticus, IX: PG 8, 195.

[3] Brief an Elisabeth Nietzsche (11 June 1865), in: Werke in drei Bänden, München, 1954, 953ff.

[4] Paradiso XXIV, 145-147.

[5] Acta Sanctorum, Junii, I, 21.

[6] “Though the Council does not expressly deal with faith, it speaks of it on every page, it recognizes its living, supernatural character, it presumes it to be full and strong, and it bases its teachings on it. It is sufficient to recall the Council’s statements… to see the es-sential importance which the Council, in line with the doctrinal tradition of the Church, attributes to faith, the true faith, which has its source in Christ, and the magisterium of the Church for its channel” (Paul VI, General Audience [8 March 1967]: Insegnamenti V [1967], 705).

[7] Cf., for example, First Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution on the Catholic Faith Dei Filius, Ch. 3: DS 3008-3020; Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation Dei Verbum, 5: Catechism of the Catholic Church, Nos. 153-165.

[8] Cf. Catechesis V, 1: PG 33, 505A.

[9] In Psal. 32, II, s. I, 9: PL 36, 284.

[10] M. Buber, Die Erzählungen der Chassidim, Zürich, 1949, 793.

[11] Émile, Paris, 1966, 387.

[12] Lettre à Christophe de Beaumont, Lausanne, 1993, 110.

[13] Cf. In Ioh. Evang., 45, 9: PL 35, 1722-1723.

[14] Part II, IV.

[15] De Continentia, 4, 11: PL 40, 356.

[16] “Vom Wesen katholischer Weltanschauung” (1923), in Unterscheidung des Christli-chen. Gesammelte Studien 1923-1963, Mainz, 1963, 24.

[17] XI, 30, 40: PL 32, 825.

[18] Cf. ibid., 825-826.

[19] Cf. Vermischte Bemerkungen / Culture and Value, ed. G.H. von Wright, Oxford, 1991, 32-33; 61-64.

[20] Homiliae in Evangelia, II, 27, 4: PL 76, 1207.

[21] Cf. Expositio super Cantica Canticorum, XVIII, 88: CCL, Continuatio Mediaevalis 87, 67.

[22] Ibid., XIX, 90: CCL, Continuatio Mediaevalis 87, 69.

[23] “The obedience of faith (Rom 16:26; compare Rom 1:5, 2 Cor 10:5-6) must be our response to the God who reveals. By faith one freely submits oneself entirely to God mak-

114 115

ing the full submission of intellect and will to God who reveals, and willingly assenting to the revelation given by God. For this faith to be accorded, we need the grace of God, anticipating it and assisting it, as well as the interior helps of the Holy Spirit, who moves the heart and converts it to God, and opens the eyes of the mind and makes it easy for all to accept and believe the truth. The same Holy Spirit constantly perfects faith by his gifts, so that revelation may be more and more deeply understood” (Second Vatican Ecumeni-cal Council, Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation Dei Verbum, 5).

[24] Cf. H. Schlier, Meditationen über den Johanneischen Begriff der Wahrheit, in Bes-innung auf das Neue Testament. Exegetische Aufsätze und Vorträge 2, Freiburg, Basel, Wien, 1959, 272.

[25] Cf. S. Th. III, q. 55, a. 2, ad 1.

[26] Sermo 229/L (Guelf. 14), 2 (Miscellanea Augustiniana 1, 487/488): “Tangere autem corde, hoc est credere”.

[27] Cf. Encyclical Letter Fides et Ratio (14 September 1998), 73: AAS (1999), 61-62.

[28] Cf. Confessiones, VIII, 12, 29: PL 32, 762.

[29] De Trinitate, XV, 11, 20: PL 42, 1071: “verbum quod intus lucet “.

[30] Cf. De Civitate Dei, XXII, 30, 5: PL 41, 804.

[31] Cf. Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Declaration Dominus Iesus (6 Au-gust 2000), 15: AAS 92 (2000), 756.

[32] Demonstratio Apostolicae Predicationis, 24: SC 406, 117.

[33] Cf. Bonaventure, Breviloquium, prol.: Opera Omnia, V, Quaracchi 1891, 201; In I Sent., proem, q. 1, resp.: Opera Omnia, I, Quaracchi 1891, 7; Thomas Aquinas, S. Th I, q.1.

[34] Cf. De Baptismo, 20, 5: CCL 1, 295.

[35] Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation Dei Verbum, 8.

[36] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Constitution on the Sacred Liturgy Sacro-sanctum Concilium, 59.

[37] Cf. Epistula Barnabae, 11, 5: SC 172, 162.

[38] Cf. De Nuptiis et Concupiscentia I, 4, 5: PL 44, 413: “Habent quippe intentionem generandi regenerandos, ut qui ex eis saeculi filii nascuntur in Dei filios renascantur”.

[39] Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation Dei Verbum, 8.

[40] In Nativitate Domini Sermo, 4, 6: SC 22, 110.

[41] Cf. Irenaeus, Adversus Haereses, I, 10, 2: SC 264, 160.

[42] Cf. ibid., II, 27, 1: SC 294, 264.

[43] Cf. Augustine, De Sancta Virginitate, 48, 48: PL 40, 424-425: “Servatur et in fide inviolata quaedam castitas virginalis, qua Ecclesia uni viro virgo casta coaptatur”.

[44] Cf. An Essay on the Development of Christian Doctrine (Uniform Edition: Long-mans, Green and Company, London, 1868-1881), 185-189.

[45] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revela-tion Dei Verbum, 10.

[46] Origen, Contra Celsum, IV, 75: SC 136, 372.

[47] Ibid., 85: SC 136, 394.

[48] “Choruses from The Rock”, in The Collected Poems and Plays 1909-1950, New York, 1980, 106.

[49] Cf. Dialogus cum Tryphone Iudaeo, 100, 5: PG 6, 710.

[50] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution on the Church Lu-men Gentium, 58.

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