VOL. X L V L : NO. 31,- * *". . . . . . . . . . .

\i r v -,eUf. ■II *;ll lu aril D)

■j.H im j fea 'ijr i«aij-jiUujfil/al

vwMM mt)«a7 ■injur.-tea:>t1C

a €J[t fttmafa 3«irkJ- -TO-,./.,., 'U .„. ,.

»• M tf tk in r , E 4 l t * r f c r y p r l f f t t r .

f ( u t i t v t r y fViday M o m tm , f < Coopprs. #»•»* O t" g 9 j« n 0 ^ ,^ i i jr* .. . .

^^TM*y»iHO~-Bijngi>j i*Mituoft.<>f tajqimrc.SOc; «a|k ge.ntot^n^ a ^ i.one y w (fliT

YORjr cENTitAmitktomAi)

- W H i t t r 'A r tm a f 4 s a |e i r i * - # a ) i . 1’ * 8 4D A SSB N G B R T R A IN S “w ili. l i u irl. U followi, until ftmberwHte*;— " : .

GOING W EST, •^ t « » e Albmy A M - 7 ''J0,S 30, 19. p . M —3 90-1

'. Leis-e Fon Klara—A. SI —I OS, » <5. P. M.—ia us # CO, 9 SO. T ■

f **- 11* i GOING EAST,

I 9 *?’ 7 001,0 *•Lcinrc Fori Plain—A.M.—S 81

T H E M U S E .

P.M - •18 1 0 ,7 «

H U D S O N R I V E R B A I L R O A D , W la U e P ' A r r a a f o i t i e u l '

1 Mew le r t toaml from aibnyipd.T rej.rVN AND A H » M oNItArv DXO. Orii, V / 1 0i- Tr»iBii,#lIlron «sfoUo>-»5 '» - -

: -! g o in g worth; •- X*«reN»w Ycrkt£roBi tli« ofee*,eoTuer<!lmH|b«i«i,

«Ud College Plte*, At , ...

Haa*0B- ' . * .7 A-\ H- for iUfeuijjiggf T/py. ccawtc.l-mg vnifi iiortncre wid western Timiii.' Through m

4 liourft’from Chvnbensi.7-10 A. N. Fou^bkeepftie \V«.y Frei|I*l nnd -Putenger

lniai, Hopping «i mil nmiom.8 A- SI. J t u l Iraua ALbmy Hz! ’r« iy . AoppuiE >1

Feekskill, Girrisoa’i, Cold Sprmr- 'FieMdlL ^ewv • « »lf r a tion, unijio f p»Ctea»fc 1|0 A.M. I’okeep/e, Way Frcight ind T'*MeorrrTn*i:i

iioppmgituUiaUon* ■I* H. VV»J- Train, for Albjmy tnl Tray, «*)paifls

»t Siog 3mjt,Crujcr», Peekikill.CcJd Sprlaj.Fish. kiU,N«w UaraWgh, Fo?kMp«M,IUUi»l)eck, Tivoli, E u i Omii, OWdull, Hudson, Conwlfie aud 8uiv. vwanl.suM coiiMcuogwiiU tlMeKpr»t»-tr»in lo»v. log A|0*u;y al 8.IS.P. x. for BiiflWo, and u Troy, wnh nonliern traliii for Mo.-ilreii.

Oki e«ald iW i ia iti. wwid b« Wuod B ow W o apq( a / 6u p y !(nikui4 '

Whrae Vidifte pjfrkiummifbt'ito round W frtio 'itiM dliitf title '

'Ro#,i0uel)r UktWd IhBrapoi wo.14 bo - ’^WlrtroMM'ranirtdratUiBlilMty. '■ '‘tkWMravllra-Mtorifemiy

or.ftmWf+Mmm gnmltaf.Ifiuclio opi'VetoreiOIy known,

D«B)«P»kSeiotjtiicmItU *llb«rown, AMio (tifce Wight Arhertluoii*,

F w itrm d fet.krfr • - Tk***Iiko k 30(4. Might Mita' liVo

WM* o ftry <w.w»«kl *ooo fotgirt Tfw Judo 4k*>mll*.y w ttkt ncoivg,. Ap .be tfopdnl oner.‘n.alMlMfH.kwoduireawtra . F .fl»»<W kwn»di« w im ih o fla»«.

AodJnA uaolAlatlmpptor. ' .Whu^Ufoo.iLiwiiMriAww*,

,T0*y«00| mlako po«'»jwMijigwI»ii iTkey.Yo beard our earn, uskludjy lireil

Ttey iooo f.tmil (barn allagmiii,Mucad up with pououout rntuure

•' U' ' *Aod thca M««9h § tpmunf w y

:. PF>«mag jll-oxani I»la«-" ibay aay “9ou’tawuli»ui|, I p r a y ,

I wou)^luotltllaIlp|l^rrj’,Siraifkl to. yam ueigLbori then they go,' Narmdng a « ry thing tfiey kiraw,And break tbe peice of high ard lotv,

. . .w»fc,.h.ra >w ,tnwi«,Hiia tiraOTer ~

Tho

W T O R t O A L .

' ** 1 ■*' ■'*'"■ *s *. 1(jCwltnwd.), .

in|ervi«w lietaewt Lo»i« Xt|I/, ftrid

" #7STt5T» t Vf I* * W* ria *1**',*'. r 44A4.44. I i. t. '»»■••• 4,. \ ■■ .-<4.' .•> «' •’ ' ■' «■« Vfe

0 P E R S I0 ¥ N ;:O T S E 6 O :C 0„ FR ID A Y , iA R C I 1?, 'W l' ' J s ’ - " . 4_- ; _r 1 S ^ U!1 ^

u

f n. * h u i ^5=trr=w

> ry (/in aa t-va j ** f

^ 5ri£jbT' 'GUty ;'Ws f' f rt*‘ M1" r t- .rrr j r • .t ' M1 fj$ ■ fi jj g J a -r ’

Missouri Compromise.^ jMii' r ^ _ —

4 o l ■ .~X il-O r{

the retur* jofi- tiiB ikup .hot Tor thp frivolous | plOiSOiihB' 'hijain Bchttllr hltft ' i b i (ffehtniraurg of heihelLIjqt that afii.ifll^ht 6e hE c ',t> UgPdk'

“id t(»inspire Mtn with generoaa resolation* and sfeady pereeVeragM{<MMtflatrleut .wsrfc the

IT fta „t

rt

Mltaidiaa I* JPtyetls wap loUrrapted by tlie j)th^hghttilaiSl lltu«li{isbflW!le'. de t aAt fengt^^he newe o f pe^loj^tj^ (erniiliation of

w « rweivwl with .taawwih—■■The king, had regained th«>plileea wihieh h.ld

duplieia d e Cbtkreuars who sudctaMy tehteT9dn| tne ealaioet in leormg irom me ithlgtViei! fiftjtiie

M thaopening oi .the door, theiking, taing ftopo hia wait a n i adrapeiag. ttowanl ,tlie doehwa, addtewwd her in a mwihM aoiiewliit

-eoiafg^d t, ancl Ihe artfiyid ooheus wiiHld upon’’thjrt .tnppiegt Tif ajiiji'tHraMpieiititfl, |«c^ ij4 .o fhimo favi» i atpi fiil» Appkcatioi!a.*o far wpipv. .ed front the miad ofthe Iciog whftt had ju s t '

beeff'taksn by the Spknlatds. rtnd the iutU^. - - wjre Cjompelled to re-

Y ' Iw* ' #4 ’^ # w W f t f t .P 8 ^ S 9 0i »W'the Imperial#, who had penetrated to .Burgun­dy, were dtiveo Uek to'thel by tb'e oor-

Tho kmg retmned, aud( way rpcgiyedbw ,t*1 arataifp, w|iop^p |h grapstal JW|tm,ll9>R[0()lii^ [ universal joy. Mile, de Ln fayfllte in wituesa- ly g|tn*^d.th3 iOjjuo^t pftlie.dnshffM!, ; ^ d n ing these, rapturous demonskratibns'/ fanoivd the hlog had rellred,the duchess, with a langh- that she now bejbpld in E^oiiis t iC worthy su>

3 Fom r, CJTUgerwa Peelatlciu, Gwariwra**. CoW Sprtnr, FwhkiHi-Covv Poiai, New H tm burgh,ttilloa Ferry, Pong)>k«epue. dud all atnUom norlU

(P .M . To Poughkcc.pdle,lioptiiiig- jitnilwmynations.^ Jk 1 1 43■ _ * P . . . . . . i n a l l n . . _ . . . ! i e n . i . . _■ _______

Tfoui ai 11 p . u. for BuffaloGOING SOUTH.

Leave Troy Bogiuo Station a t 4 L5 A At end Albany at 4JO.A.M Exprettpeweiiscr TraJit TorN. York. aoop.•ai,ojna- mraun tuitii i\i<Jk>auup<jun^at^Hudgoit, JRluncbecli, I’ougliktcsiCj FWikill ant]

Leaved Aibauy at 5 A M., Througit Freight Train, opprng at iludsun, Tivoli, 'T o’keepue, PecbhlU >ybb»' Ferry.Lenvre Troy Engine Station at © A. JU and Albany hi

6.15 A. M-, ^Vay Mail end Passenger train for N. Ywk, stopping ai all stations.j- Leave Troy Engine Station at 8-130 A. M and Albany at 3.(3 A~M ExjjretsTnunfoiNew York.iioppinj«ilj at HuiUan. dhmeheck, Poughkeepsie, F.ishkill, Cold Spring and FtekskiU.

Leave Trov Engine Station at 10 4S A- M and Albany 11.00 A. 54 Way Train, stopping at Caitlcloa, Sehodack, StVTesani,Coxsackie, Iiudwu, Oak Hill, Ea*i CmoPl Tl' volt, Barrytovm, RUmeheck, Siuoihuxgb, Hyde Park, Pourbkecnsjc, Now Hamburgh, Fiilikill, Cold Spring, Peelcikill. 8ir*g Sing, Tarrytovm, tJcbbr* Terry, Youben

. and Montanan.

4.(5 P. M*Kxpre4S*toppng onlyat HiwUon,Po'keeisilB, and. P^ekik It.

Leave Trov Engine Station at 4 JO P* M and Albany . al4«45PiM», MtUc Freight and I ’asaeoger Trmtn, atoppdiig . _ _ Iliiiim . -_i . ^••O^PKMfcAieraare Ttsyieitad lopcooare ¥reVet»b«ferr

enterlug ihe cara. TickcU purchuw j io iho cam vrtl! be five Cento extra. Freight forwarded co the Westieuul North, a* expodiitoutly, aafely aodehM plftiu byany'otli. er line Traiui will itopesufftrlenl time at Pougbkeep> ate fbr refreshments. EDMUNI> KltENCH,8up*i.

.New York, Doc.|3,18A3.

ALBANY FEMALE ACADEMY, *ALBANY, N Y.

Thil Academy was foundrd ln 1811, and was thefirrt 1 institution exclusively devoted to female edudaUonyincor*

dormtedin inuStmo. The late Chancellor Kent wa* m first President From its romniexitemeiit It Kma stood among the first ofthe iitsuuntoiufor litopurposeforwhich it was founded, and tts condition was never more pros, perouithnn ntiue-prcsenitimcw It now embraces

ELEVEN DEPARTMENTS Sutfor the regular English Course.One for Etigllih Composition and Criticism One for Frcndu One for Music.One for Latin andOreek,Onefor Drawing and Palnilnr.

The general couduct of the Inatttaiioa iilhtrtalsd to a Pflncipal1as»isvcdby stx ixait Frofenoraand Teachira

For Circulars, ornirther panJcuIsrs, apply fothe Prln. clpal.or any ofthe undersigned

TROSTKM.Hon. WM. L MARCY. L I. D., President.Thotnsa \V. Olcoti, Esq., Hey. Wm. B. Sprague, I>. D Uoa. Ira ila rji’/-3 . D , Rev I. N. Wyckoff.D D., Edwin CroiweHrEAq., Rev. DajicmRennedyrD. D., Hon. J. Q Wilson. Jamui McNaughton, M. D j M arcuiT. R efolds,Ebq , Hon AjraukJ Parker.LL-D, HaJmonPumpclly.Esq.. _0en John Tnylor Cooper.

Albany. 1832. Bv order of Board H L fi, PAHSON8 , Principal.

[Reference is also made to the Ediinr o f tne Freeman’* Journal, ofwhom circulsrs htay be obtained? L .S . P- _

DRUGS, MEDICINES, OILS, PAlNTSTla, “ W M . A -C O M S T O G K & C o ., h a v iiu e -

* v plentsbed iheir stock of Drags, Medicines, fee. tnd now oStt for side thefollowing amongiiamerouioth­er articles:— ;

Paints, Varnish,Potash. . Lacker,

* White IemR.£.i Alcohol,Red do Fluid,Sponuh Birotvn, Cainpn;Venetian red,Ochre,French yellow,Litharge,Vmbrr,Terede senna,Chrome green,

do yellow,• Prus. blue,

iaamp black,Ivory black.

Sperm oil,Whale do Boiled do Linseed do Table do Oilre do ^Origanum do Starch,A l l s p i c e , ,Pepper,Pepper pods.Ginger,Nuuaega,Mace.Citron,Soda,CrearoTanar, Turpentine,Stl Soda, Verinilinii,Salts, Caster Oil,Annauo, Ammonia,Pink, ’ Glass ware. Senna, I og wood, etc.,Magnesia, Aluin;Vitrol,etc."K!

Excelsiorheaveremedy Townsend s Bar’p'UU, Wilcox's doSand's doManning's doHoughton's Pepsint Ayers' Cherry Feet J, Thompson ’ li eye wtxer, Anderson’s Dcrmader, Arnica Liniment, Essence of Coffee, Pond's pain d^troyer, Browrrs, Perry Davises fe Anderson’gpoinkiirr Moffett'*, Bennelt’s. Herricrks, Soules’ and all other Pills of the day

Oli? that the mischief making crsw Were all j educed to one or two,

’ And ihey were: palmed red n r Mae,That every phe might know liiem’

-Tkenvfobld nm viilagers forget >■ ■ ToTsfemud'4juarrel;fumesJKifrei#

And fall into An tugry petj Wlth.things.ao mxch talowthecu

For ,l!i a sad, degradipgpan To make another’s bosom smart,

And ptooiRdafgar inihe heart,We ougM to .love and cherisir

ThenJet nseyertaore be fojund ip quicUK*«.’widi sdl around,

Whifa’friendilup, peace and joy abound, Aud angry feelings perish

T H E P O ttT OAHNON SHOT.

Bt CtiAJIttis XA.CKAT, LU ».

HarkJ.orw Europe sounding,*Jhy firai, iho signal ggn '

The fire has bum , the blow a sauck,A fain! deed is dono *

a rFrom north to sooth it echoes,

From east to west afar, 0s The Insulted nations join, tbeir tianda,

4 Aud gather to the war.

From mtWaa alumltfrs waking,Tho thunder m het ear,

Fohappy 1’otsnJ starts to life,And grasps her broken spear

Old Rome grow^yonng in heir it;Thero’s mischief in her glance t

And Hungary nuxrali her battle steed, And waves her fiery lance.

Nm long shall last tho combat,Though Russia laugh to scom :

Tbe wrongful cade, ifupto-dtv.Is down to-morrow morn

When France unites with England, Beware defeat USkT shame,

Ye foes of right, who force the fight. And fan the heedless fittnc.

- Hark ’ c m Europe sounding.

*But when the last tout! cannou peat,35hatl tell o f vieuiry ivon,

Be sure, yc proud aggruwrs,Your Vbur shall not last long ,

They may not, can not. ahaltaot win, Who battle in ihe wrong.

DEATH'S FINAL CONQUEST.

ST SltiaLKT.

The glories of our birth autf sute Ars ahadou’a, not subatantlal tiling*.

There Is uo aypour agoimt fate;Death lays his Icy bands on kings

Kceptre and crown Must tumbledown.

And in the dust be equal made With tha poor crooked voytbe and spade

Some men with awords may reap the field, And plant frcsh laoreLa where tbgy kill,

But ihelrstrong nerve* at last imxsf yield; They lame but one another stUl

Early or late,They stoop to fate, •

And mast give up thclr murmuring breath, When tlioy, pale captives, creep to death.

'Hie garlands (Vilher otpyour brow,Then boast no more your mighty deeds.

Upon death's purple altar now,See where the victor vlcum bleed*

All beads must come Tothe cold tomb;

Oifly the actions of the just Smell sweet,and bloasom in the dun

ing rainaw,, ported, {wswslf s s f r Mile, de I*Jjiyette, who fcid teiamedti^r labor on Rsmall;

jilecc o f Ltfestrj1 work wii|>,ui fir^jf gre»t sp- plteatioD. She aitaed tbe duclie/p, vit), # smilo, to explain the cauee 9^ i|er enuaaal gaiety.

“I will tell ytfu,” said tlje daebesa; “it ia be. i-actseT0 invo hjd auch admirable presen.ee of mlad, u i slaee you aro a nerajeonier .at .conrt,.1 will relate th« pajticulars For your instruction.Tlio kirag, wlthpat hating me, certainly haa ne ?“ t^:eatt»et-.of UnrmaT^ of honor,;—great lo 7e fpr aie, and fears in no ^n}“U degree anffafter approaching hf He. de La Fayette, and niy jncwoai-derats character and sarcastic tern- addressing her a few words in the kindest per, an® pethajM ttc peraon coyldi have inter- manner—

[ rupted Eila constirsation with yon, with greater “ 1 °*n not now detenniqe,” 8aid he, “when displeasure to h ii majesty. W ell, as jie ad- may bn. ahle to rcautne the interviews whi.h vaneed toward mo with a disconcerted man- are so d e srto me, fo r after an absence of sev- ner, i resoEvod it the moment to derive some era! months I find myself ao overwhelmed with

affairs—*

MMpr of penry' iho Great, andlhq inheritor of ftfs gidrjr. I n the erceas.. nf her ontlnuiasin. she even imagined that henceforth he would haveno iieed of the coenC^la of frtendshtp. but would 6/ Ws 6wn. accord humble the pride and power o f Rtchefreii by reiaraing the royal au­thority, -<• , t ... ■ -i

SPE E C H OF GEN. C A 8 6UsniD Srsxu Sana^S.' F.b;S7ili,i9#4

Me- pREsmkiiT:—Brit four brief jjjleart nre passing uway. brief In th# life p f d n#(ipn, sinoi- this Hull resounded wl|h an^rv agrUting dia eussinns ‘wpob the very topics that now dialed), and divide dip., nnd since every breeze that epfend ouljio the heaven# tjie flag that Waves over ns,—our fathers flag, and. blessed,beGud. yet oijr own,—bronght ns frphn crowded city and from lonely cabin- from hill, vtlley and: prairie, from pconn apd lake, the echoes, of an i­lely snd alnrii). iiasslDg op^r the coiintfy, and .p jiu^ announced tijat a g^eaf people hid reach­ed a crisis in their de8 tiD}'. w|ta!>. w Weal or for woe. might mark their hiatoty pgnng the Iqpg age* to come. Weil, all thu pasted away, by thp mercy of Providence, rdther. .thnn by the wisdom. of map. apd a heaptifn'I tribute w.is furnished to the inestimable vslpe o f Tree insti­tutions: for there u. not another, government under heaven which could hiii^ entered into such a trial, and come out of it-nnscafhed.— P 9UCQ and prosperity and good feeling we^p re­stored, and we fooked forward to long yo«rs o f triinquihty. ’

Tiie events now upon us are another Illus­tration of the vanity of human expectsbon*,— But vcaterdsy tlie. whole hemisphere was with­out a cloud even in th a distsnt horhon. - T o-a aay the sigris ofan apprormtifag tehtpOst are* audihie aodvi9tble,.nndthe only question whichn can ever pnt.to hazard our Union and safety, presents itself for solution, ; ;

.With the Honorable Senator from Maisa- chusetta (Mr. Everett), I frank ly ‘ Sv ow*fh'at I’ was filled with .doubt and alarm during the tronblea and contests which were terminated hy the Compromise Measures o f 1850; an'dhu who was unmoved had more apatljy or less a p - ' prehension than I had.

But thongh the; ominous cry of .woo, woe, tot Jerusalem, is onee indro heard, I do not bej fifise iha cnaatry is in iny danger, sot t h e . ^ - . . . ____.

least; but still I do no t deny that these fre- ! ? “ , Sjy—of'hoirawtro doubt tha 'propoittion,' >' <• • * 1 I : . . Irtnl ltmK> in t AAernin lOvnatifntinnal ranlnx.

advantage frotg s o favorable, an occasion. I !had learned that when under the jnfinence of “AhT soniucbUie better,” interrupted Mile.fear, and ospewaliw at Ihe first moment, one is | de La Fayette ; “Would that your majesty ' qnent, almost periodical, renewals and revivals always .obtirfag; and I nvaUed myaelf-without j were.alwaya thus occopied !'* - 1 ° f ‘W3 threatening snbjeet, must necessarily*_ • - , • J . - j . .. . . . . . j mK« uuvi produce irrltaUon and excitement* tending to'hesitation of the opportunity to solicit a yery . The king smiled. j ^ . y on(J o f thc coaDl,y flga!QBt > th.

J jUiporlamt favor, whieh as I had .foreseen, the 1 “No doubtf'said he, “y.gr* bare often heard ! er, nnd thus to weaken those lies of confidence J king as unhesttatiBgly granted. W ill you not s meeondwimyd for ssy ladaloaee, hut I en treat, and aPfeelion so es^n tiat Jto the permanen'ce

agree wath me th a t It was a beautiful piece of i yon io suspend your judgment nnt.il yon have I tranquility of this mighty Confederacy.— I «. 4 f iIHUrd mn." I Events conneoted with our Territorial aggran-, stratogj f j W . . . t dizement,. seemed, as tlieir neooasary conse.

But Wile, del-a. Fayette woiiid agree to n o -1 “Bnt, your majesty, Why need I to reserve ( quencc, to lead to the former agitation; ho tthing; and feigning not to comprehend the jnty opinion when my heart foretells mo a llP 1 the present one bus hurst upon n s without duchess, endeavored to give a simplo turn to I “Thanks! let your himrt'always justify me; D0*11 causes whichtho m arled preference which tbo king manifest-! it will never deceive you, and I shall feel com- mlf hav“S„Bot wUhheld the exptesaion o f regret edforlaor. The dqebeas ridiculed her p ru -j penaated for ail my injuries!” elsewhere, nor shall I withhold i t here, thatdenco u»d jcseive. | After havingjpWnounced theso wordsavith a- j this (Question of tho repeal of the Missouri

“On the rotnrn of the king," said sho, “ wo j tenderness o f manner which deeply affected tlio 1 Compromise, which epens all tha disputed. , will resume thb interview, and if you will be ; maid o f honor,lhoking retired-fromthecabinrl 1 XerrUofy'uf

guided l y my good counsels, in less than six I Mile, do Lm r ayette Imd been uniformly well tho United Stales, has been bronght buforo us.j treated by Anne of Austria, snd seldom inik d , j do not bclieio timt the practical advaotagss

And, 6ra4'd- wdMitiwd*taeltt* .atltboHty tb s flefWNikiAtiSimlltystfl/VirglttlW’in 1S-17, wbhdi BikhSsrawtyEniulhred'i'bya'reiBoidtliui, “kksfthdlltliiVtttiry dMt Wiqr bo aequlred bytftii' sv»s o(4bitU m M Slataa oryiutoedby Treaty’- with any f«relga powicrf 'bt»loanito'tls« several Stst«e of thi* Unfed, ta theleioiot;-errd'eOmiln<i[i property-.-iili-wfii«h fis e tu m ti i||- have equaf 'rtghta-yiend'dhejt hwbe»>v|heliwi«d‘ «thiifi the- aitluewijof evsry Biale h«ve'< a doMtitutiotiii I nghbtu emigrate t o sueh tetritbijr, with their peepevty ofwhatev*t<deMrlpUoB;n - Rewolntions •ef'dniilarfdinpoH wew'-esnSsd'by’theHt^iela-' tores of -Gsbrgbuuid Alkfcabui. and, I belie vpof ether<Sfc>uthere&ti|tM,<'-s ; ’- Mr. Gnlhoun ««a«d fu 'tbe S sn a te j-^W e of

the South have khntnbutad our 'full; share of foods, shd abed e h rfs ll share Of bfoodi, for tho acquisition o f OWr-'Tsmtotie*. Can you, w sray pdnciple of cqnillty aod jusllce, deprivu u« of eur full sharern thelr benefits snd advan­tages t 11 - e -' - iiv .1 • ■

“V o w f nnt tho queStioa tu?ths Senators of th s North,‘w h it srb vou prcpaved1 to' d o 1' A ro You prepared' to proslrata the bitrrlers o f t ho Conatithtion, and in open defiance of- theprin- 0*plfis«f equality end jtatice, t» exclude tha .South, from tlio Territories, and. monopoliid them fortheN orth '” *t “Would it-deserve the »M»e of free soil, if ono

jin |f o f thOiUnlon ahould.Ue excluded, and thu other, half should monopolize- if, when it was won % the joint «abrtstof. all '-:! ’

TijntMitd f* onperlicipato eqnnliy ;lu what

Uaali.’t,; ' . ‘ '- .Mr. Bavjt, of,Atttaii*ippl,*aid. - '“W e niaintaiu th a t-it la tbe* righ t o f the

^outh;^tofearrytbla aproiea @f^properly, slaves,) to-, sny portion o f the TeilEtOriea o f thb United S tite si tbat; it r«et»i uudor tho Gonstituliou, qn tho aaue b»#ia as qther' pioperty,” &«..

And, Ihavesoen in thepublic jotimais, a let­ter recently published from this distinguished citiren, now highin the etinueiis o f his country,- bu t bo higher than in thejconfidonco and es- teem ofbis couptryrpeu, in Which, iie spoaks hi rather reproachful: terrns-~contemptuous I

swtfi.tm.ii b

of passing hermonths yon will overturn tlie whole court, which greatly sMefls nn ontiro regeneration.—Where them is inch astonishing apathy and ev­ery apriaig seems paralyzed, it ia necessary to give iiiovemt-nt snd life, and nothing can be easier, you will consent tu follow exactly the

| plan which 1 will indicate.’1This veqy satiaas. disoouB&vf Jh e . durhras

do€l|pwreose, bilbo, de La, J'Byctto treated on­ly a s pleasantry.

Aa Boon is tlio latter could disengage her­self from lA is « » B W * * tI e o ^ * a ^ ^ ^p re te s t fo z re th in g , and im m ediately sec luded t ®8 E ayotto d a red not t r u s t horse tf to vin-

r evenings in tho chamber of Urn • to result from tiro measure, will outweigh tlio |**eta 110 l!vo r,“ V?l' hese occasions, l.or feoUnM ivero l N urX whio,h Au iU feeling iated to accompany Innd rUamnrv in dnath

that. U?ere ia a. certain constitutional motive power in slavery, by which it immediately spreads over , nny country, a t leist for a certain class of peraois, Sa eoon swit is acquired by ths United StateB, whatever may be the local lnw previously existing tliere ppun the subject,—. bv whbh, if Canada or Kora Scotia were an- nexed to the United Staten to morrow’, slaves ought he introduced and held there tilt prohib­ited by an article in Iheir Constitution, to bi> formed preparatory to their admission into the Union.

l ie culls thom a “ sect," and seems to malm It a reproach to staud_“on -the snme pdatform’’ with them. I think,'sir. Ere will find the hr- llevcrs Id this doctrine, the trno und orthodox church, whether judged hy the purity of their constitutional creed, or by? the number o f the faithful, and such nrp the manifest signs o f the times.

Among , these believers,- to my knowledge, the two distinguished moo to whom I

queen. Oo these occasions, hor feelings often wounded in being coinpolled to listen to various epigrams on the cabinet labors to which the king u-as now eo zealous!y devoted. Some predicted a speedy shatjgicnt of his ardcr, whilo others severely censured the cardinal on

I the discussion of this-subjoct through the coun­try, ia sure to product-.

. And I was confirmed ia this impression, by • what was said by the Senator from Tennessi-o

(Mr. Jones,) by the Senator from Kentucky (Mr. Dixon,y nnd hy .the SunrUor from No nil

_________ ________ _ T&'W-alhm—(Air. Badger;) and also by Thu 10-account of some brilliant marks of distinction ..murks whioh fell from ths Senator from Vir- accorded to several military officers since tho 1 giui* (Mr* Hunter,) and in which I lully con-late campaign, and at the same time denounced “ r> l-hal «*° Soulh wUI BOver detlve » y > « * . ' a I fit from this measure, so for as respects the cx-

.tension ,of slavery,; for togislntu-as we msyi-no human power can over establistli i t in the re-

whoso services in life and, memory in death will always be dear to their countrymen; and whose sentiments will go fur to redeem from tho charge o f hotern. doxy, thoso who partlcipaUed in the beiiof they professed. And, among the in ;ire also, equally , to my knowledge, living statesmen, honorable

7 and intelligent, who Imvo oce-upied inspnrta>i>t stalions, and enjqy the cuufidarico uf their f.-l- low.chlrens, and whoso residence in slavo State* Is, at nny rate, a proof o f their disinter­estedness. . „

The writer ?9Ssic!?rs Ibis •“si'Ct.” a s having

ihe'fioili d^poqitoiiyk ofike 'ptasirkF «o ApMpcrty of the government. Jjhit ft* afinraM nlter is i^teddiiiliiilvAly in tSe tdglbisiiq^efhltaUur

Whiehdesigriittai our Political Bomdderaftan-. andoiig'thfe power* of

j h e A r i # ' % iH tfifa le t suU aW y to

.lb e S ia te i

very p&tentmedicioe going can lie found with m.OITY B R A N C H , 1363.

IVTEW G O O D S.— J . H. N e l l i s & Go.JLl we now recivmga very large ahd well selected stciek of every, description of Dry Goods, carpels, paper hang, ings, crockery, grotenes, Ac., which will be sold as low os the market will allow, mid ai le«s nrofits than arc usu­ally charged Ly merchants. Good ana extraordinary bar gains wal be'offered this fall, and an early call wiil he ol advantage to purcltnsers.DRESS GOODS.—We invito particular attention to this department of our trade, os we have more and belter goods of-all tlio fashionaulc style* thui ever brought into this county. Our assortment eonsil« principally of all kinds of silks, merinos, wool deLalnes, Taw silk*, Thibet cloths, paramcilaft, cohurgs, printed and plain de Iniae* cashmferes, fee. with any*quantity of Gutghams fe Prints We are confident that the most drificult can be suited with our goods nnd prices.

CLOTHSy GAS81MERE3 fe VESTINGS.—Gentle men wishing to be fittedout uith the fall and winters!vie* of good,* wtu not fail to give us a call. Notwithstanding the rise of woolen goods, wo can show any kind at prices that will suit. A description can not l>« given tnithfully through the columns of a newspaper,but we will show all our assortment with greut pleasure.

GROCERIES.—Any quantity of new Groceries are he. ing receive daily at the cny branch. Our reputation fur selling these! goods cheaper than the cheapest will dis*

___________ * the fcity brtneh ij bdnir re.pletnshed With paper hangings, shades, mirrors, aittT*ny quantity of carpels, drugget, fee. Money'wiH be lost lo a buyer f t he neglects to Took a l our g o o d s , as we can Offer great inducements. J. fit. NELLIS fe Co.

Cooperstown, Sept 23. 1853.

tti& “t«rriturt#h Id-

horseif an^ior'om iim tm cal,’ where she could j dkato ‘hl} «*•* Ieat Bho ro'g ' 11 dafund « “ wSrh ! Gi«nsdeiiuud by thrnto hills. }'“ h a rf J f t J S S S r t S i m ° « - h orallecl Alnnn »it2)oul constraintT on the u nt ' unbocomin^ zoal; but she ventured to justify I And such were Uio aeutimcuU oftw oem i- , ion proiecilon oi a sisv^nuiuers properij «i,o.ruieci mono niuiout. conairamc on mo la s t , f . , , , - ,, , , ■ neut pntriuts, tu whose exertions we nre grent-ad ieuof llxoktaj. Louis had nt length explain- i IC‘ n®> aod a ,er 1 cu °B.V vvvallcd 10 , ty indebted fur llio «atiaf«ctury lermlnalion ofcd hiinaoir clearly; h« had neod of n friend; ' mil t ie htderectcd"tha Prcncl1 Academy , iho difficulties o f>1850. and who Imve sim-oha h .d aunouBced to her his choice, and Trad ! *nd r*b,uilt 1,10 S(>rbOTr,0j : « “ * lloll“d ***■ ^ i fr° l t ! l r l,lb,“ f j Jpromised ran entire confidence; his 'religious , 810 ‘ , o r “ y '1 p,eMOnd U loJ“rdm dos' 11,“ "’ [ borrow tho vvords of oo.o of thorn, ia which the if kn<| « r ono u t least who chimed fur them principles were so wci 1 known, thnt his liaison . teBl Iiad U " V '0 11,0 benof#,!t.or of " ,e «reat other fully acquiescod, suiieriorto ihat wkirh \ 'h e rtgiit' of internal logMaHon, because nn jn-

- J - v . i * ai-*>-------------------------------------------------------------- o u , , ' , , ? I rud lc tiou over th em to th a t effect is given lo

1 vigny to the cardinal, who was led lo infer thnt

admits it elsetrherr. 7 'hr laic nf nature, of pity- If steal Geography, llte Law uf the fnrnuition af the earth. That Jaw settles forever, with tt strfhfilTi ' beyond all terms o f human enactment, that Sla­very cannot exist there.

givenCongrcs? by tho Couslltutian, and hecauso

I thoy havo nn innliensbhi..right to enjoy thnt privUp.ee, and the moment a government ia or-

. - .. . , . . . . . | very cannot ex,si Utcre. |ganlzcd by federal power, that rnoment com-it was tho project of Mile, do La Fayette to oh. h .f.hll8 believing, I should linvo been hotter ' I? ellCM, H«lr rlShl ^ <** thcir-own legialn-tain hia credit and h is. favor. Men of high sin* j content had tho whole subject been left as it (|[ ° n' , * not un(I 0I9ti'.,l^. w . .J”tion hnvo Sa roality much moro modesty lltau | was io tiio bills whoa first introduced by thethey nre generally allowed to possess; Tor Ihoy , Sl™ tor Irom UiinQia. withQUt nuy provisioh re-, J t , 1. i i? i J* carding tbe Missouri Cfwnpromlso. Iamaware

always suppose that the praises which they i e - , [j SV8a“eportpd „lat j inlfndcd to propo80 thei repeal of that measure. But It was an error.I My intentions were wholly misunderstood. I

had do design whatever to tube such * step, „ , . , - . . ,, ..nnd thus resuscitato from its quietude a deed ' [bo-wdrffltself not being found in the Consll. of conciliation whieh had done its work, and ■ n°r ^nn any power be exercised hy vir- hnd dono it well, and which was hallowed by patriotism, by success, and by its association with great names now transferred to history.—It belonged to a past ganeralion, and in tbe

Q . W . B H N S T ,DIALER IK

Foreign and Domestic Dry Goods,G roceries* C rockery* H ariv rftre*

HOP-BAGGING, DRY*CLOTH,^RON fe STEETj,

a*oadi»torx. courEMXoyyjy, t .LATEST ARRIVALS!—DEO. 8, 4853. F T H I S P A Y O p e n i n g a t t h e A b o a .d iL Stoee hnotlier large adilillon lo my former »t«lc of J>ry Good*, compriiing all tho new and most faabior*aui« tiylelof

Plaid*, Figured *md «tripe DeLtme*,“ “ «« Ca*hniere»,

Frenoli Merino*, Paramattas,Pfaid Raw Sitksr, all^ool Plaid*,Prints and Gingham* for Ladie*r D rw ^ . ,

a n d a fall line of Trimming* of every description style ana color to match. •Forthe Gentlemen I have purchaied an unusually Urge itocitof Brddd Cloilis,C*ssimere*,TWeed*, Satinets,veil, ingt, Cravau, fee. _ _ . « * kBrown Sheetings, Tickings. Drill*) .Stripe*, Canton

FlanneTs, ofttll grades and qfialiue*.The c»re which I havetaken in **leotnnr and parchasinr

the above Good*, enablesme to fpmlsiv-ltlTccstomeri wllh good! which may not ife- stapaiied either ui styles quw* t^orprices.' K7“ ?iease call andgeg«£_______T T H E ttE CAN BE rotTNTD AtOeORG* "W. A ERNST’S Arcade Store,

30 boiee M. R, and H. R L. Halelm,#50 lh. Engll.lt Currfmte,10 do Mate, ‘90 45 Nutmeg*,.30 M«« Cinnamon, 7140 lbs AlteplC'e,gronnd and in kernel,#00 do Penper, do, da- &o

Aildatl olher Spiheekrtown In the er«a.ery trade, lowhlelibU),in* p" bM 11 ' T

MORAL & RELIGIOUS.POETRY BVBBIWBEHE.

Wm. How-itt, in.iiis introduction to the “Po­ets of the People,” says:—

“Poetry is everywhere. I t is tbo finer spirit which God has breathed overall his creation. Wherever it is he is. Tho’.angels feel it and worship. The world rolls on through stmee with all its lands, its.seas, its forests and moun­tains. its cities and inuumerable people, oue great mass of poetry before God. The Btai-s havo be,en beautifully tcrnped-the poetry o f

.heaven; the flowers the" poetry o f earth.— Where the ocean swells a id gleams around the globe, throwing its billows on all shores, from the frozen north to the fair islands of the south, all is full of poetry. The mountain top and all its eternal snows are steeped in it; the deep valley is hushed in its enchantment. Tbe great river rushes along in the might o f poetry; the little lowland brook, with the flowers dipping into it, hear its still small voice. T he forest has it in its murmuring boughs, and its silent, shndowy heart. ■ W hen the clear blue air sweeps raver mountain and moor, and brings to your gladdened heart the sounds of solitary life, there is poetry. Where summer luxuri­ates with all her deep grass, her birds and flow­ers, and humming bees, there broods the spirit o f poetry. ’ And where man dwells, poetry dwolls. I t dwells with poverty and calanhity and ruiu„—these ore the materials of -great qouls for great themes. Where armies strive, and men drop - weltering in agonies and death, there is poetry, because man dares destruction, and is sublime even in' his. sins. W here men strive, in solitary places, or in desperate con­test* of civilized life, for power, for weajth, Tor tho voj-y Just of conquest, and in the violence o f deadly hatred, there is poetry; far passion's and power ia their greatness have a grandeur however perverted; and out of these elements tragedies are created. Love, jealousy, revenge, cannot be divested o f theift atmospher'e of poe­try. W here the widow (weeps, snd the or­phans droop in .neglectjpoetry weeps with them. I t becomes divine iften in sorrow—and geSero.ua sympathies have a poetry of tears.— The past has its poetry o f qonsccrated deeds and names—the future o f magnificent hopes.. Re- ligion is poetry, and poetry religion. Id- our veneration, in our wonder over -God’s works,in gratitu/e for -his goodness, poetry is upon us and About us—hears us" up into the infinite;— -gives emotions and words. It is thnt higher tone 6f the m in i which brings i t into empathy with the best and most beautiful of everything ■in the universe".-IW pervading all things, itis at once in na and around ns, and finds alike in theidtori'>f and exterior nature' food inexhaust­ible. -i ______ '_________

R eading and T hinking.—A lways have a] book' or psper within your reach, which you! rnaycatohupat your odd minutes. Resolve to edge id a little reading every day. If you can give fifteen minutes a any, i t will pe felt at the end of tho ycar. Thoughts take up no roonb. W hen’they-nre rlght they afford a por-

; table pleasure, with which one msy travel or labor without nby trouble or incumbrance.

with Mile, de Kauteford had not excited tho “ d t,r th e most dlstingmsbed sebolnx*least scandal, and in tho ptpscnt ense, to’repulso ‘ ™ ,B ,anf * ^ *rpr°vodhysomo end displena. the oiler o il.l9 lrbnndsl.ip would perhnpa bo-ri- otboP81 'vflS fmtllfull3 rCl’ortod ,1>- Ch”

"3lealoua piudery. The pretty maid of honor i ' could hsve wished. In Louia XIII. more firm­ness of character, and also that ho wero ireed' from tbo domination of Richelieu, who drew upon hdinHClf- all the glory of tho throne, nnd who left only to hia papll tlie responsibility of the government and tho shame n f his own weakness. Bet Uiese defects, instead of cool­ing her lnxagioation, may havo served perhaps to quicken her tender sympathies. It might not b« ju s t to sty that bucIi creatures aro moro successful in atlracting the lovo of the gentler sex than resell.t« sod mascullno characters : bnt to correct, to perfect, and to inspire— in other words, to mot, to’ predominate and to roign, is the legitimate aud glorious empire which nntnro has. allowed to woman, and of syhich no law can ever deprive her. ■ With what rlrtaoua freedom, with what energy, did she premise herself to speak to tho king when he would open J .i3 heart to her I Nodoubt ho hnd been unjustly reproached for I, ,, _ . , , , . - , , - , , . mwu i , — ui «„ UJ moeffeminate qualities. Had-he not addressed the ' h,°or u ^ ^ S rn o se orsuonhiun his fatoilv ! °P.,‘,ho ”®,the ‘ntr°d>m-

coive aro interested,and nov-ercan imagine they | nro beloved for their own sakcs; bosides gen­uine candor repudiates tho flimsy garb which | flattery assumes, and on this account are they most often dceelred who have Ihe greatest I faith iu its persuasive influence. '

(T o be continued.) I

| the ubnvo .paragraph by the sorereignry o f the I territorial inhabitants, a s a harrier to federal It- jffislation.I I do no t believe in crushing hum an lib e rty !<■ I lb o earth hy a k in d o f abstrac t m ystical nt- trjh n te , even If yo u call it s o v e r eig n t y , wliict.

| under our governm ent is a m ere assum ption,

, too o f It.. I never heard of such a barrier; b a l l have I heard of one, and n nnich-o.ore legitimate and I cfiktual one, nnd that is,the want of Constitu.

HUMOROUS.j A SWINISH STORY.

During a recent visit to the interior, we heard I of nn incident not yet cold on tne breath of io- ,oal circulation, which hnd as well receive . newspaper life and immortality now an al nny other time. A,eity-oountry gentieinan of tlioJ

midst of n political templ-st, whie-li appalled the I P*w«r in Congress to legislate ujion the —j c . rh !. V .j —i j . . iBuhiect o f slnverv a t all. Wo. who dtnv the

. “-“ 'r . rvciiy-oouuiry geui.e nan o. uie 80 ,rankl ftnd fcariea3|yi section which we were visiting, who lislhps af-1 ,« President— In the

subjeci o f slavery a t all. We, who deny tlio existence of any such authority, deny it be­cause the general government is a government o f llmitcd'powers, with a right to exercise none which nre not oxpreusly granted, or not neces-

BiVthoVqu^tion'i9 here j 8arf , lo tlie execution o f those that are. And >■ - • I we havo in vain, for yeats, called upon those

who tnjinlnin tho contrary position, to point to tho section, or paragraph, e r clause, or word, nr

wisest and tlio firmest In tho land, i t bad said lo tlie waves of agitation—Peace, he still! nnd they became still. It would have been better, in my opinion, not to disturb its alurnhor, as all useful and practical objects could have been attained without it without my agency, nnd I mil cnlted upon to take my part iu its adjustment; and I shall do

fit S'eldin 'Wely .(tatfori&yiior ?*n•— sSjMrstefJr, nercoUkomtiona, n o rm

’dlvldilalaftafce po taiiittn o f the pdiblfc proper, ty,unless spch right is nivsn b y ]**. any. Uloro # 9 9 they e#«s taka M feeeioT of tt* popart “{.tay .privet* citizen, f t iz.hpff tar the peo. pie npd is 'kdbimistered for thilr S taefil/ but thiN lh tW'b* done fn tbe mode pointed out bv flwf Cohstltutibn. Np- rtste eau'cliilm: ds It- tlglit, it* distributive share o f the public ltpd; apr can any in'dlvidual approprute to bltosslt a portion 6 f f t , - unddr th^ pretext that b s j* enti- tle-d to the qushhty chooqos Thfl*Sidra o f - w v of the- tT&lied' SfstesI: end iheir ’

’ R etaibd iSrtcn*Jk_*nd>cp tto» housei. the cup. 1 •Itpl, (fie public Dmces, -the Exeehtity mtaalun, -jw ere Sll jaqauired. ox erected b y the meina o r the wjiole peopje o f the Union, knd the' whole people 'hsvq iu eqn#|-interest la "theif aso and aamimftrution ; - but Bo SRhe man would Ceptend that ,hq hqe sh g h t to enter those Vrotks pt pleasure, snd thelfe to remain, fecaiiBe they belong to the confederation, arid hecause every citizen. heYing s ah ire lu the property, msy' fake ft end hold i tm severance, wheu bV.vill, end m he will, s

T hst all tlie citizea«.of:th»'tT»»ifaJ B u ncv ttw -tq uki -niftttrtm y ry k rtirig 'to tg g o v e , ® aUd'purhhSse any pert o f the public domain, opcn'Tor sale, is s political trdism. which ho ipan 'aequqlnted With the principle* o f our gov- Mximenfwlll deny- BnpifHe go therdcontra- i r ’fo the'law, hd is 'i firespasif’r, unless indeeif the |aw which prohibit# him Is ip violation o f Ihe constitution. ' Wu have altesdy seen, thnt to_Congress has been.eommitted ths'power to “dispose of and regulate” tho puhlid domkin or territory; » power bopnded Only h j a ' sound

k legislative discretlbn; if not rpStfhintd. by other nroyisions of the conatitution. No ether is al-, leged to exist; except thia new g e q ^ deduc-: lion from fitehature b f the goverameuf. C u d -' gress mxy?regnlalehnd dispose o l" this prop-- ttty a t its pleasure. It-may withhold' from- sain any or nil of i t ; end it h*s a t all times so witliheid m uchofit, Everyman who enters npon the public Innd without legsl peroisaion, Is a trespasser, liable to be punished, stud Innu­merable sre the punishments whieh have been Intticted for that offence. Practice has indeed relaxed the rigor o f the Uw, and settlements ars often formed- without cflling forth itsr pen­alties. But the principle remain* tho same, and no than can dlsim * right in oppoaltion to II. Then, no cltizeh con; take -poweaaion of- sny portion of the phblic “territory or other: property," without legal permiwion ao to do. Ceugressmuat first regulate ths mode nnd thu timo. Can that body make no discrimination In 4he administration o f this t m t , founded on any circumstances of public interest or o f pri- vata condition; or is there un inoxorahle con­stitutional equality, whieh opens the publie do main to all, and at *11 times t No man has ov­er .contended for such a princlplenr Buoh a praotice. From tho very commencement of

| thc Innd systom, down to the preeeut session j of CoDgross, partial grants have been made,

shelving tlio uncontrolled povver o f the legisla­ture, nnd the- non-existence of aay such univer­sal right a s ’is claimed. Tracts have been granted- to indmdual*? xlmosf every page o f lour tdtntute Book bears evidence of It; they, have been granted to persons living within par. Ilcular districts, to others Cf a certain age, sad yet to others, in quantities greater o r less, do-; pending on the nnmbcr in their families, nud

jindcr many other circumBtaooes, which it : ivauld bo tedious to-enumerate.' All this hair keen done, not for or against particularscctions of the country, nor in violation of a just equali­ty, hut because called for by peculiar circum­stances, applicable cither to the cosoafIndivid­uals, or to certain districts, making part o f tho nubile binds, nnd requiring e peculiar policy. Wlint is tlio proper limit o t Congressional dis. cretlon in this exceptions! legislation, by which provision may bo made for particular exigen-

' cios, it Is not necessary to Inquire for any pur- naso I havo in-view; nor shall 1 stop to exam­ine whnt conditions might he annexed to tho salo of thc public lands, whether Congress might require that tho purchasers should be slaveholders, or that only free labor should bo employ ed in cultivation, or encumber tho grants with other restrictions, for no such power has ever been assumed, or is likely to bo. My own

. convictions ere utterly opposed to it. The i authority to ex.cludo slavery from the lerrito- J lies, however, by the measure known us tho

Wilmot proviso, is olaimed ss an attribute o f I sovereign legislation, us it is culled, and has no l relation to tho sale of land resulting from the ! rights of a Innd owner. My object is attained

wbcn I show that there is no practical principle j of universal equality, which enables every man

to claim ns a right precisely what sny other ’ inpn hns received. Such a principle Would'

render our land system as fixed nnd immutablo as the laws ofthe Medes nnd Persians, nt least so far as respects any checks or securities that oxporienco might require, or any Increase of the price under nny circumstances.

The proposition, thnt the “territory and i othoraproperty" of the United States have been | acquired by the common blood o r treasure of I the Union, or by both, and that the whole Un­

ion hns mi 'equal right to them, contains the

Wi'thism 4w tatl?M

BUta _

cbdmWt S*pk-1 those polfflk l

dllc retioji.of Congress.—

onpfcia ^inM nfaj^^^fctherfh %

qhtiie 4' cjtiziiff of^dhe; o f tt'fiel cornjnunitist—znd

many o f tb e p , hefqre thSif hidfniimfotf'ftito the UidMbR* Lhnielitaiq'‘Plorid«;-''Miraouri;T(Dnes- s e e .^ io , ’a»ff'tilhera,'dorit«iqedext«U*ive dl»- trim*.iiey«lloraftad by.the United States, «ud which ofBoirtawrdfS uqjt theft laqd' territory” — we feztfft- iffil'Ip^isqMSdthepreviou*^qfSie#- tiqb,-* wHfeth'tri 'Ly- nipS; ol(iYenqf slieu, has a rijjht.t<jpffgtift» I® tHeB,;ahS there.resido, with-

” — to kit the local law* which—r ■

;aey ex#uiiil*ti^u iff th*ft receding ' qpirj|fms, !tfi*t the oonitftqtioiisL qiaihi is, to oce#iiy the “territory,”- o r land, or public..ftotffiiLis? If ft equalty .cstled, iif the UBitirf.B^ttaiftm Sfbjiinjury’tfifiy denounce,is-dreluhion f i ^ th ie cpnim'on property.' The N tahrine^sp'rintioftvfor ezurople, tavs that the territpirlra jiri' the “eoBtiion property” "of the Unlted S t» ta - . Nfljrt Sl^I.sapposq.nuvnaa in thi* ^ro*d Rtpsiblic will mpinUio; t% f thb

ptp'of i t^late, and are tb e property of no man. Aud the pnl£:ctitakbn projlerty which the U- nited State) poMasa, in their public domain, or in- other. Srorqii,the .land whieh beloogs bo them. And ibhf -wra. jirecl»ely fliewldw taken l y Mr. GilHoon, -ffKeit fibtaald— ‘“'f'o theb), & their united cltariic<«fi the territories belong, as ia expressly dtcfare® by the Coustrtntiim. They are their j oiqtjuwpqrs; regarded as land.” And tbls inditeriutnlle uie^df the vYord#“territory” •and "’territorle*.” when speaking of tbe public domain,'is o ven cotnmon practice. “Sir,” iaid Venable, “ the Conatitmion providesfpd territo­ries as proprtyi and." authorizes .Congress to diaposa o f on3 oiiake ill aeedful raids for their regulatioE.1' JJ'(ie loundution, indeed; of thewndte claim lsi, lfi»t whatever ftuhlic’fioritato ia scquired.by Ihe common governmeht, belongs equally to alltht citizens. of the States, and all of them have Wn equal right, with all their pro­perty, To itadnjoyxhehi.

Such i» tbejjeneral statement of the princi­ples ihfotoediu t* li controversy; and i t is ap- parent, thaitla Ike presentation o fth ia claim, they have uot unriergone the analysis wlilch is neoeaaarh to a wfiaiadtdry decision. “Yep have excluded su ffju t many o f the SoutheruYtate*. men, “frorh terilLory Acquired by thp common . bloqd and treassre .of the Union;” ““You have, robbed u* of it," aay others, less discreet, or less forbearing:; end we cannot go there, say * conslderablo portion of them, eo far us I am aware of the opinions o f the South. But uo citizen, uorlhexti o r southern, is ptevohtcd from hbrcnaf lus. any pout of the public domain, open for sale, whorevcr it bo situated. All nro free, alike, lo select, is they please,whether in states or territories. Neither tbo register er receiver o f aland office over ask* {hq applicant whence ' ho came, o r how ho intends to enjoy tlio pro­perty. They rtte ite the purchase money, and give the evidento of' title, upon whtoh the pat- en.ti-istttlcc, and there ends the arrangement With the CnltedStiiteA. But thencnmmenco* iho political pait, regulated by the local laws,

irUUKIV AUG ieariCSSIV. I - * y- — - t » •••!- - - r — ■ —J - - , IV U l i n n u u v q u u i t i g * * * » v m u U I) v v u m h m v

Mr. President In tho report made by the jle tt"r of tho Constitution, whieh gives aoysueh ominciation of n principle, nnd the assertion of. _ . , 1 n 11'rk a Ia l i A t i n s c a u i i l i h a r n w r w i i U D l i t a w I i iv n t t t f — A1. - L . . . L t 7 . J l i . n * , n H l H A i , A-a i ,* a i-h a ■

. _ , .pigs, for tlie purpose of supplying his familyparliament with groat firmness, and ^chibited a (with roasters in. the fall nnd bacon In the win- noble courage ia vigorously sustaining the war . ter. He had a new tnan-of-all-work, who wasand placing h im se lf nt the hoad o f liis troops ? n0‘ ^ 7 i'“?ailiM J 11*1 j1*9 Peculiarity of speech,

, Mi.* v V, and had not exactly taken the trouble to ac*With his intelligence andlaensibllty, under the quaint liimself with the line of business in influence o f good counsels, why Bhoutd he not , which his employer was engaged, equal amd oven surpass the renown of liis fa- , “John,” said tho city-country gentleman, ono tlier 1 I t only needed the power of friendship, day aft" breakfast, “go out this morning and

, , \ j , . . , . buy me two or three tliows and pigs. ’to quicken his ambitlou and to inspire him with ^ ^ r » ,iod ,jt aIla^ ba donc- -working emcrgy; In natural courage and nhpn^ John did hot return till late in tho day, when ' eratjan ■ •’ . . .ty h e w-oano diieredlt to his parentage; heliffiR he was met by his master ah'd accosted th u s ; :indeed moro than Henry IV., principles and ‘®id you get ’em?” . 1

t r r I “No, sir,’ answered John,“not all, T hedro - 1vera Imvo been about buying large numbers,

tion of these bills, il is said that there Is nn im­portant question connected' with tbe subject, about which opinions liavo been much divided, and which the committee did not think it expe­dient to investigate. Timt is, whether the citi­zens of the sovernl states have n right under the Constitution, to introduco into any territory, nnd thero to hold any kind of property belong­ing to them, whether persons or things, thoitgh prohibited by the local law. I t is an impor-

- W hen we hive prdclised good actions a >»hilo, they- become easy; end when they nro. ,eMY, w e begin-to take pleasure In them; and

morals ot'perfect purity. If i t is gratifying to gBin the estoerq and confidence of a hero, it is more plraasiog and, glorious to bo an instrument in forming one, who should deserve the admi­ration o-f tbe world I .

All those seductive ideas were ns yet some­what vague ia tho mind of Mile, de Ln Fay­ette ; bn t having once germinated,*’ they were soon more folly developed, and Imparted un­wonted enthusiasm to hor feelings and her hopes. ~ * -

Tho king departed early the next morning, and -waa followed by his courtiers of every age. F o r some days after his departure, many of the ladies pioclaimoi with exaggeration their legit­imate regrets, while others betrayed in spite of themselves tho seoret griefs which they would fain have ceucealed. This affectation qn the one side, and this constraint on the other, had imparted such nit air of sadness to-the court, it wss at length agreed that an . effort should be made to,dispel the prevailing gloom, and g a y amusements were again sought with accustom­ed a r jo r.. The f ir s t news Jrom ttuLartt'y -WaH soon re­

ceived, announcing brilliant successes gained by tho valor o f Ihe king and the .French troops.

In that moment of peril and glory,. Louis XFII.wf3is mo longer tbe effeminate prince who. had heretofore occupied so little-o.f tfte public mind; fie was new a brilliant monarch and worthy of the throne. He was represented as a brave spirit in tb e midst of dangers; -all hearts were tor hirn ; he was admired and 'M oved ; in two -words—h e reigned? j

Each. d«y o f absence, and eaohnew dispatch added ss degree o f exaltation to the sentimenita of Mile, -de L a Fayette for the king. The pu­rity of I l ls soul was a sufficient guaranty for her OWY. security, nud while she co'uld discover nobbing ia hia Ideas* which could be regarded as. common with love, she hod no fear fol- th e results of his partiality. She often shudder ed

! iu qontsomplatSuB the perils to which Igmis w as Was exposed g lm t confident that; he was about

I and I could only get eight hundred.”

is to be avoided, connecting itself, as it does, with one of the gravest provisions to be found in these bills. When they ivoro first in­troduced, they contained merely a general grant, ns it is called—recognition, I call it,—of

, , , r , t „ - jeu’ . . . . i a power in the territorial Legislatures over all “Etght hundred what, tlur ? demanded tbe r i ' lllful 8ubjccts o f ie s ;aiati0n compatible with

, ,* ■■ r ' ‘he Constitution, t believe tjjis provision“Eighty hundred pigs, as you told mo, roph-, wouId have 8t,eured to thcae ]p^ , W h i l e se a Jo n n . I ju risd ic tion over th is su b jec t; b u t aB th a t w ns

“I to ld y o u no sueh thing. I to ld you, th ir, Jdenied , l deSired a m oro specific declaration, and to g o and bu y me tw o o r . th ree th o w s and , i t is now in troduced m the am endm ent propos-

•* “« * * « u I ed by the Senntor from Illinois (Mr. Douglas.)■I know t , ’ answered John, “but I conkin T , J amendment declarfls thai tho r “ople^get two or three thousaud I vo beon out a l l , h ^ ^ territories or in tha States to beday, and dboured tho whoio country, nud could formed from a#m> are freo to _rogll|a t6 their.d0.get but eight haBttred. , mestic institutions in their ,own \^ay, subject

. Light now, for the first time, after the order , to the Con9titntion of'.tho Uni^ StaJtcs. bad been given, riaahed on the gentlemans | j content with lhe arrangcment; though if

5 Hecomptehended tho Cause o the mm- , nDyalhlondment is. introduced to make the pro- understanding, and although not exactly m the , 8li„ c,enre Iahall cheorfl)„y TOte foKr i t .mood for laughing, very good naturedly poek- ( But w,lat ia to be i u offe(,t upo^ tlie80 new

^ H o r Z n y Jdffie;o fg e U o h u r- communities, is n legitimato subject of inquiry.“Eight hundred, sir, and that wns ail I could

get.”“And did you buy. them outright, John, or

only talk of taking them?”“Bought them for good,” replied John, “and

had hard work to keep .them, ouLof the bauds of the drovers, and the owners will be heru for their pay in the morning,”

The best ofthe joke, so far as the gentleman was concerned, is to follow. This happened last seaSon, The hogs- Were received, kept and fed for a short time, and then sold for the block a t a handsome profit.—[Louisville Courier.

P raotice and P recept.—“T hat which thou hast to do, do with all thy might,” snid a clor- gymnn.tQ his son one morning.

“So I did, this morning,” replied Bill, with an enthusiastic gleam In his eye.

“Ah, indeed! what was it my darling ?” and , the father’s hand ran through his offspnug’s curls.

“Why, 1 wholloped Jack Edwards until he yelled like thunder; yburshould just have hoard him holler,, dad !" ,

Dad loqked unhappy, while lie explained that the precept did. not imply a case like that, and concluded uilldly with: »

‘.‘You should not have done that, my son-’’“ Then he’d wholloped mo," retorted Bill, “Better,” .expostulated hts sire, "to have fled

from the iorath to come.” - “Yds, b u t '—hy way of a final clioi-dier—

“JackcauTun.twice as fts ta s I can.”. Tho (food man sighed, wont to his study, look up a peh, and endeavored to composo hini-

ta taka the rqini ot govorpunent and afford signs ,#elf M*d a sermon, reconciling practice with pro- of » gbeafthharicnr, i i wps for France ihe no w iippt.

i If the constitutional claim tq whioh I have al ready referred is well founded, then neither Congressional nor Territorial action oan inter­fere with it; and whatever power this clause may give to tho local Legislatures to abolish or establish slavery for their ou’n citizens, it will give them none to /prevent the slaveholder from one of tho States from introducing his slaves into these regions, and' there. holding them. T he general duty o f submission to the ■municipal laws of a country, no one denies.—• He, therefore, who claims any exomption from their obligation-, m ust establish it, or he be­comes exposed to their penalties. Under these circumstances, I think tho course o f the Sena­tor from' Virginia (Mr. Hunter,)® nnd" of the Senator from Mississippi (Mr. Brown,) was en­tirely correct iu introducing and discussing this- •topic, involving the great question of the right -of •self-government; und I shall follow their example. I consider it due to my constituents and to myself, that po doubts Should rest upon my sentiments, nnd -that 1 should state clearly the construction I-pu t upon tho effect of m y vote. And I do so with the less hesitation, as this is tho first opportunity I have had to rs- deom myself from the obloquy apd reproach which not long ago were -heaped upon me in the South, with as little moderntlo'n as though 1 had betrayed thy country ft) a foreign enemy.-

A shorf timo since, this claim to introduce slaves intq the Territories, though prohibited by the loool- Ihtos, was suthorltatively advanc­ed, nnd became the subject of public discussion here #bd elsewhere. ■ W ith a view to establish its nature and extent, I shnll refer to declara­tions then made by public bodies, And by prom­inent public men enjoying the, confidence o f theft fallow citizen*.

, power to Congress, either expressly o r by any j reasonable implication. I t is a discovery yot jto be made, I will quoto the opinions of ono I or two other gentlemen, and then quit this | branch of the subject., Mr. Berrien said:—“Yoa ennnot say that the ; Inhabitants of those States (the non slnvo- holding states) sholl have any exclusive privi­lege iu the entry and occupation of the public land there.”

“Tho South asserts then hor right to particl- conshi- ! Pa,e ' n "ny 8ak ° f tho territories which may be

acquired by the United States. She asserts her right tq emigrate-,to' them, with her property of evory description,”. ■

Governor Means in a. message to. the Legis; lature of South Carolina, said:—“You know we liai* bcey deprived of every acre of thnt territory, which was won hy our blood and treasure, robbed, &c.,of the very graves of our gallant countrymen.”

Mr. Venable said:—“It would be equally ro- pugnant to thc principles of right and justice, thnt a large portion of the citizens of the United States, even the very men whoso lives were poriiei in the war, shonld "he excluded from occupying the land that they had won with their swords,”

And again, Mr. Veaabio gave as a reason for the right to take slaves to tho Territories, thnt those “arq the public domain, acquired hy thu expenditure of the common purse, or purchas­ed by tbe valor of our people,"without refer- ence to geographical distinctions or domestic regulations.” ,

Mr. Woodward snid :,—“Aru slaveholders, under'thc common Constitution o f the Union, entitled, with their slaves, to enter upon, pur­chase and occupy peaceably tbe public lands, which are the property of the people of tho United States?" H e contended they wore.

.A udi unddtstood the Senator from Virginia (Mr. Hunter,) and the Senator from Mississippi (Mr, Bro\vn,) to express their full concurrence in tjicso views.

In reviewing the opinions to which I have referred, i t will be seen that the general pro­position may be thus stated:—that the territo­ry of the United Stales being: acquired by the IreasjiH and exertions o f Ike whole country, eve-, ry citizen has a constitutional right to go there tid libitum, and to take with him, and to hold, every kind of property, recognized as such by the laws q/, the State, be leaves, arid there to hold il, whatever m ay be the local laut, until prevented by a constitutional provision o f the rysto State embracing sueh district. ,

It is, not pretended thnt a elause to this ef­fect exists ip the Constitiitioji; -but .that the .eight apd the, principle are the accessary results o f the equality o f tbe fundameutal coinpact.

, Let us first see what are tbe words of that instrqment on thft,-general subject of the pub- lioprpnerty. .Jjtpr* (hey aie:-r.“Tlie Congress shall have power to dispqse ef, pud make all needful rules ahd regulations respecting the territory oje ojher property of the United States, .T h e postulate may be well granted that tjio property o.f tlie ljriited State* belongs Ultimately to the-people,- without however the slightest approach towards the right o f any im dividuaf to iake ppMesalcm o f any part o f It, and appropriate ft to hi* own use. It belongs .to ihepeople lajtheir: p o liti^ l organiztfioD; »s

fact, whicli commend themselves to univer­sal assent. But it is a relative, nptnn absolute right; a right of equality, under tho same cir­cumstances, not under all circumstances. A citizen of South Carolina, and a Citizen of-Mas- sachusotts, hnvo equal claims to. migrate to nny portion of the public “ territory," lipon equal conditions. One cannot ho excluded be- cansc he belongs to one Btnte, hor the other hecause he bblongs to another. The true principle is the very one, not indeed applicable in its terms though in its spirit, which regulates the intercourse between tho different states— that “The citizens of ench state shall be entitled to all the privileges and immunities o f citizens in the severri Btatee.” Apply .this principle to the terriloricfl, nnd we havo a just role o f ac­tion. For it must be recollected, that u good deal of the difficulty involved in this question, arises from- the confusion inseparable trom the application of the same word to very different purposes. The word “Territory” is only used in the Constitution, ns applicable to the “proper­ty” of the United States, and obviouaTy to their landed property. “Tho territory and other property of the United States” are committed lo -the regulation and disposition q f Congress and the Supremo Court has said, that the term “territory,” ns here used, is merely descriptive of .one kind of property, and is equivalent' to tlie word l a n d , &c.,imc) this, ih my view,_ with-

Im t any grant whatever of political jurisdiction. Tho power conferred ia tlist -ef a Inndtawner, for the propef'fennage.ment apd dispoailion.of a vast real estate. But besides this primary nnd only constitutional use of the tdrm, i t has acquired another, in our peculiar vocabulary, and has come by practice'to .indicate a political community, with a temporarily organized gov­ernment, established by Congress, extending over a given district, not inoluaed in any o f the States, and with nn eventful right of admission into the Union. The questions touching the- former kind of “territoryi>3retate to its “regula­tion and disposition,” as property, and nre con- Med to the discretion o f Congress. Those touching the lattor, embrace alt the concerns of civil government and of human liberty, and nre confided to the people themselves for their so­lution, subject only to the coritrol of the con­stitution, and to such supervisory authority of the general legislature, as arises out o f the ne­cessity of the cijcnmsttmcea, and to no more. VYhen, therefore, there is a claim of right to cuter tho “territory" o f the United Stated, lies fore such olaim can be adjusted, i t Must be as­certained whether i t is -the puhlic domain which is‘sought to be taken possession o f and enjoy­ed by a purchaser of .settler, Or whether i t is * political cominunfty, o f which a citizen Of the United Stated desires to become s ‘memlier, with all the privilege# and immunities which constitutionally belong to that condition. For the principles thnt regulate thc 'decision, aro widely different. The public domain, the land "territory” exists, as weft in the^tates, as in the political Territories, and the,poSerof Con­gress “to regulate and dispose" o f it, is not/at all affected by the ddhiftsion o f s S ftte ihtd’ tho Union/ It is now the same, th the Inst letter, forOhio, us it i* iu Qregqu.1 ftjdmei'a&t In cither case; any question political juris­diction ; but ia simply au sUthqrity to protect, aud Hold, and dispei*4#f th* prop4rty o f tbs

whicli prescribe the conditions to which every citizen moat submit in tho community where he ha*made hia purchase. The taxes lie shall pay; sometimes tbo laborers he shall employ, so far as to exclude colored persons; perhaps the number o f hours they alraii work ; the age when his apprentices shall finish their ,Jcrm of service; and wlietlier slavery shall he allowed there; and many -other matters of internal reg­ulation are prescribed by the Legislature, and demand the obedience o f tlie penple. Now, if a right to sofctlo upon tho territory or public land of tbo Doited Slates, and to carry thero any species o f property recognized as spch by tho lawa of tbs States, i s dedacibld’ from tha principle** of. llte Constitution, and because without f t lhe fidillhern* Strifes would be cx-_. eluded from “ a common and eqoal erjuymont” " o f tlie territory o f the Union,” as declared in tho protest preion tod by many of the southern senators sgtunit tiio admission of California, why is it that this right is limited to the politi­cal “Territories," and (a not co-extensive with tbe public proporty o r domain ? W hy doea it censo oh tho establishment of a State Govern­ment, and How eon thc latter control or restrain a privilege held tinder tho General Constitu­tion? For I t must btf recollected, that this claim is advanced, as orfe secured by that in­strument, upon the principles of a just equali­ty ; and wo a ll know, that ip it ia the express declaration, that i t Is “the supreme law o f ths land? aud that tbo laws and Constitution of the several Stalls are void wheu repugunnt to it. How happens ii, then, if the right to take slaves from a southern state tq the puhlic do­main, is cqaenllat to tho free aud equal enjoy­ment of i t whioh the Constitution Secures to the wholo Union, how happens it, I repent, that this right does not preierveils integrity,where- ever sucb domain exists, and remain guarded by tho "Supremii Law” o f the land, tilLit is nil disposed off The fact is, the general position. is involved la inoxtricnble difficulties. Before the settler lias niado a purchase, nnd while he is an intruder, -be is living upon.the puhlic do­main, dud is protected in the constitutional right* 'which belong to that condition, whatev­er these may be, equally in a state and territo­ry. But as soen as he acquires u legal title to dccdpy "his trad, - -by purchasing it, then such tract censea to nlalta part nf the public domaiu, atfd passes Into the category of private proper­ty, with all lhe Incidents helongingto it, agree- abiy to the law o-f the'placet unless, indeed, it is saved from such a fate hy some peculiar privilege. That privilege cannot he founded upon the assumption that a just equality se­cures tho enjoyment of tho public domain to all. I t can only secure equality of purchase; for, as we hnveaeen, that very act takes from the tract which lu the objket of it, its character nq a part o f sndi domain; and the laws of the United States respecting the public land, wher­ever it may be, Instantly cease to operate upon it. It is not, thfroforc, the right to enjoy the public domain, but llte right to enjoy property- severed therefrom, which *i9 the claim advanced, nnd to hold thereon any species of property, as a constitutional Incident to the right of pur­chase, w h ic k it Is aUeged, would be unequal WilhOUt'it. T-he proposition ia, that the public domain belongs eqpally to all, because acquir­ed by ail, and that therefore nil have eqilnl con­stitutional rights to settle upon it with all their property. California and New Mexico come alike within the terms o f this- postulate, both with respect t o acquisition and to use. Both were acquired by the common blood and treas­ure o f the "whole Urifoti, and the “territory” of the United Stairs, In but b, equally belongs to the whole Union. I f on the” principle, there­fore,.of a juat constitutional equality, a citizen of any of tho States bhs a right to carry hisproperty to the common‘“ territory” in the lat­ter, Why not in the former, unless you assume that the constitution of California over-rides and supercedes the constitution of the United' States. I f our fundamental compact guards the right to g o lo ono of those regions to the extent claimed, it 'becomes those Who acknowl­edge a difference in tho existence jiktiSis flglit between a State and a .territory, to show it by thu terms expressed or implied by that great instrument. H it is tot there, no such differ­ence exists, arid both of these political commu­nities stead in lhe same relation to this claim o f equality. VVhen the tenure of certain prop­erty , slaves for example, is considered essen­tial tot the enjoyment uf d constitutional right, an equal right with tho right to purchase and hold the pUoliq lands, tben such tenure is indof- iblte in ft* duration, or those who maintain its temporary exisiotxee arc bound to point out by what principle ofthe Constitution it ceases, on the establishment of ji state government; any fnore than thai, oti the establishment'of suoh government, thciotnaln passes from the Unioa to the State. For ft would be a great error to suppose that the tenure of the “territory, or other property" o f tlio United States in nity State, depends'tLpon ihe notion df- the State • government. Sucli property is secured, where* ever it lies, by th« ConBtittition, as well in the bld States As iti the hew. to the former theie is mueli ptopttby o f the general government, " consisting of forts, arsenals. Sic., Which it baa pafehased a n d h o M s a r i nsdewher, without • Ihy ciesafon o f Stato juriadiotibh. In suoh oas­is ; that i* totalled by the State, but the prop- «rty f t t i t f otQ-io mbit b e seized theh can th*

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