wÄrtsilÄ engine products -...
TRANSCRIPT
1 © Wärtsilä 17 March 2010 Engine products / WLSA
WÄRTSILÄ ENGINE PRODUCTS
2 © Wärtsilä 17 March 2010 Engine products / WLSA
• In general we distinguish: – 2-stroke engines– 4-stroke engines
• Engines categorised by the fuel type used for the engines:– Oil fired engines– Gas fired engines– Dual fuel engines that can handle both oil and gas.
• Engines categorised by the purpose of an engine: – to drive a propulsion – to drive a generator – to power other devices such as a pump.
Engine Products
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2-STROKE ENGINES
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2-stroke engines
• The current low-speed engine portfolio comprises the Wärtsilä RTA and RT-flex engine types which cover a power range from 5100 kW to 80,080 kW.
• Wärtsilä RTA-series engines: – Traditional camshaft-controlled low-speed diesel
engine• Wärtsilä RT-flex engines:
– Based on the RTA-series but have electronically-controlled common-rail systems for fuel injection and valve actuation.
• These engines are marketed world-wide for application in the propulsion of all types of deep-sea ships.
• Low-speed engines are developed, designed, marketed and serviced by Wärtsilä.
• The engines are manufactured by specialised engine manufacturing companies under licence from WärtsiläSwitzerland.
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4-STROKE ENGINE PRODUCT NAMES
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Engine Product Names: Configuration
e.g. Wärtsilä 18V32DF• Wärtsilä = Brand• 18V = Cylinder configuration: V-engine = V, in-line engine = L• 32 = Engine group• DF = Technology (if in use)
e.g. Wärtsilä Auxpac 975W6L20.• Auxpac engines are identified with powered output (electrical),
• Engine groups• 20, 26, 32, 34, 38, 46, 46F, 50, 64
• Technology• DF = Dual Fuel• GD = Gas Diesel• SG = Spark-ignited Gas
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4-STROKE ENGINES
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Wärtsilä 20
Main data• Cylinder bore ..................................200 mm• Piston stroke...................................280 mm• Cylinder output .................. 180, 200 kW/cyl• Speed ...........................................1000 rpm• Mean effective pressure ........ 24.6, 28.0 bar• Piston speed.................................... 9.3 m/s
• Options: Common rail fuel injection, humidification of combustion air for NOXreduction.
Cylinder configurations• 4L20• 6L20• 8L20• 9L20
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Wärtsilä 32
Main data• Cylinder bore ..................................320 mm• Piston stroke...................................400 mm• Cylinder output .......................... 500 kW/cyl• Speed .............................................750 rpm• Mean effective pressure .................24.9 bar• Piston speed.................................. 10.0 m/s
Cylinder configurations• 6L32• 8L32• 9L32• 12V32• 16V32• 18V32• 20V32
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Wärtsilä 46
Main data• Cylinder bore ..................................460 mm• Piston stroke...................................580 mm• Cylinder output ................ 975, 1050 kW/cyl• Speed .....................................500, 514 rpm• Mean effective pressure ........ 23.6–28.8 bar• Piston speed............................. 9.7, 9.9 m/s
• Options: Common rail fuel injection, humidification of combustion air for NOXreduction, crude oil.
Cylinder configurations• 6L46• 8L46• 9L46• 12V46• 16V46• 18V46
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Wärtsilä 46F
Main Data• Cylinder bore ..................................460 mm• Piston stroke...................................580 mm• Cylinder output ........................ 1250 kW/cyl• Speed .............................................600 rpm• Mean effective pressure .................25.9 bar• Piston speed.................................. 11.6 m/s
• Options: Twin plunger injection pumps, humidification of combustion air for NOXreduction, variable inlet valve closure.
Cylinder configurations• 6L46F• 8L46F• 12V46F• 20V46F
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COMMON RAIL SYSTEM
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Common Rail System advantages
• Smokeless operation at all loads and speeds.• Smokeless start of the engine.• Improved total fuel economy.• Flexibility for different fuels without hardware modifications (heavy fuel,
diesel oil, gas turbine fuel, water-fuel emulsion).
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Conventional vs. common rail injection
Conventional injectionsystem
Common rail injection
Fuel pressureproduced each time by the injection pump
Mechanical/hydrauliccontrol of injection
Electronic/hydrauliccontrol of injection
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1) Injector
2) Accumulator
3) HP-pump
4) Shielded HP-pipes
5) Drive cam
Wärtsilä Common Rail design
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DUAL-FUEL ENGINES
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Wärtsilä 34 DF
Main data• Cylinder bore .................................340 mm• Piston stroke...................................400 mm• Cylinder output .................. 435, 450 kW/cyl• Speed .....................................720, 750 rpm• Mean effective pressure ........ 20.0, 19.8 bar• Piston speed........................... 9.6, 10.0 m/s
Cylinder configurations• 6L34DF• 9L34DF• 12V34DF• 16V34DF
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Wärtsilä 50 DF
Main data• Cylinder bore ..................................500 mm• Piston stroke...................................580 mm• Cylinder output .......................... 950 kW/cyl• Speed ....................................500, 514 rpm• Mean effective pressure ........ 20.0, 19.5 bar• Piston speed............................. 9.7, 9.9 m/s
Cylinder configurations• 6L50DF• 8L50DF• 9L50DF• 12V50DF• 16V50DF• 18V50DF
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Dual Fuel Engines - Operating principle
The gas is mixed with air before the intake valves. After the compression phase, the gas-air mixture is ignited by a small amount of liquid pilot fuel.
* ** ** * **
******** * ****
* *
Intake ofair and gas
Compression ofair and gas
Ignition bypilot diesel fuel
Gas mode:
Otto principle
Low-pressure gas admission
Pilot diesel injection
Ex. In. Ex. In.Ex. In.
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Dual Fuel Engines – Operating principle
• This is a normal diesel process with camshaft-operated liquid fuel pumps running in parallel with the process and working as a stand-by.
• The engine can be switched automatically from fuel oil to gas operation at loads below 80 % of the full load.
Diesel mode:
Diesel principle
Diesel injection
Back-up fuel systemIntake of
airCompression of
airInjection ofdiesel fuel
Ex. In. Ex. In.Ex. In.
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Wärtsilä 32 GD
Main data• Cylinder bore………………………320 mm• Piston stroke……………………….350 mm• Rated speed ………………….750/720 rpm• Mean piston speed……………8.75/8.4 m/s• BMEP………………………….21.3/24.0 bar• Cylinder output………………………375 kW
Cylinder configurations• 12V32GD • 16V32GD • 18V32GD
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Gas-diesel engines – operating principle
Gas mode:• The gas is injected at high pressure after the pilot
fuel and is ignited by the flame from the pilot fuel injection.
Liquid Fuel mode:• The gas-diesel engine can be switched over
instantly to operation.• The liquid fuel can be light fuel oil, heavy fuel oil
or crude oil.• The process is the same as the conventional
diesel process.
Fuel Sharing mode:• The ratio between liquid and gas fuel amounts
can be controlled and varied during operation.• The operating window is 35 to 90% load and the
gas/liquid fuel ratio can vary from 80/20 to 15/85.
• The gas-diesel process can tolerate big variations in the gas quality and is especially suitable for “non-pipeline quality gas”, such as associated gas in oil fields.
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WÄRTSILÄ GAS ENGINES
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Wärtsilä 34SG
Main data• Cylinder bore………………………… 340 mm• Piston stroke…………………………. 400 mm• Speed………………………….. 720 / 750 rpm• Mean effective pressure…….. 20.0 / 19.8 bar• Piston speed……………………... 9.6 / 10 m/s
Cylinder configurations• 9L34SG• 16V34SG• 20V34SG
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SG engines – operating principle
• The SG engines are spark-ignited lean-burn engines.
• The gas is mixed with air before the inlet valves.
• The gas is also fed into a small prechamber, where the gas mixture is rich compared to the gas in the cylinder.
• The gas-air mixture in the prechamber is ignited by a spark plug.
• The flames from the nozzle of the prechamber ignite the gas-air mixture in the whole cylinder.
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The lean-burn concept
• In a lean-burn gas engine, the mixture of air and gas in the cylinder is lean, i.e. more air is present in the cylinder than is needed for complete combustion.
• With leaner combustion, the peak temperature is reduced and less NOX is produced.
• Higher output can be reached while avoiding knocking and the efficiency is increased as well, although a too lean mixture will cause misfiring
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NON-PORTFOLIO ENGINES
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Non-Portfolio Engines
• Engines that are no longer part of the official Wärtsilä product portfolio (in active production), are called non-portfolio engines.
• Bolnes• Crepelle engines • Deutz marine engines • Nohab• Stork engines • Sulzer A/S • UD 25 engines • UD 30 engines • UD 33 engines • UD 45 engines • W 200 engines • Wärtsilä 32DF • Wärtsilä 32GD • Wärtsilä 38A • Wärtsilä Vasa 32