warm up describe the cartoon. why is the man in chains? what are all the tags? how does this...
TRANSCRIPT
Warm Up Describe the cartoon.
Why is the man in chains?
What are all the tags?
How does this relate to imperialism?
Imperialism in China
Silk Route
Present Day Trade Balance with China
A. Imperialism in China Chinese had firm traditions stable & secure
looked down at outsiders strong agricultural economy foreign traders brought new products – (food) –
led to population boom in 1700s Strong mining and manufacturing
Many natural resources – salt, tin, silver, iron ore
Produced silks, cottons, porcelain
3. Tea/Opium Connection China was self sufficient did not need to trade
WITH West but did want to trade TO West British wanted to find a product Chinese would
want
OPIUM!
used as pain reliever in Chinese medicinehighly addictive
over 12 million were hooked by 1830
Imperialism in China
“By what right do they (British Merchants) …use the poisonous drug (opium) to injure the Chinese people?...I have heard that the smoking of Opium is strictly forbidden by your country…Since it is not permitted to do harm to your own country, then even less should you let it be passed on to the harm of other countries.”
Lin Zexu, quoted in China’s Response to the West
Imperialism in China
Imperialism in China Opium War
The British refused to stop trading OPIUM
China begins naval battle with British to stop sale of Opium
China easily DEFEATED Effects
HONG KONG given to G.B.
extraterritorial rights given to GB – exempt from laws at ports
Imperialism in China C. Issues in China
POPULATION had grown dramatically Food supply lacking Government CORRUPTION Opium use INCREASING
WHAT’S A NATION TO DO?
Overthrow the government, of course!
TAIPING REBELLION &BOXER REBELLION
Self Strengthening Movement Effects of Instability in
China Foreigners import resources
for MILITARY China loses trade balance Increasing WESTERN
INFLUENCE Foreigners attack
Other countries capitalize on China’s weaknesses
Resulting treaties lead to “FOOTHOLDS”—spheres of influence
Self Strengthening Movement
Self Strengthening Movement Phase 1 – Military Phase 2 – Economy Phase 3 –
Government
Quick review
What is IS Why it is IMPORTANT
Opium War
Taiping Rebellion
Self-Strengthening Movement
Open Door Policy
Boxer Rebellion
Warm-up “The United States will eventually have to
overhaul its archaic, sclerotic education system. At present, poorly prepared high school students flood the job market and universities, creating a logjam … and the universities are burdened by having to create new layers of remedial courses to compensate for the poor high school education system” – Michio Kaku
Imperialism in Japan
Japan modernizes 1600s - Japan begins
isolation from other nations
Shoguns protect and control peasants
Time of peace and prosperity
Traded w/ Chinese and Dutch
Japan Changes Direction During the
Meiji Era: 1868 - 1912
Commodore Matthew Perry
1853 – Commodore Matthew Perry
“Opens Up” Japan to Western Trade!
What Did the U. S. Want??
Coaling stations.
More trading partners.
A haven for ship-wrecked sailors.
Perry’s “Black Ships”
Treaty of Kanagawa: 1854
Commodore Matthew Perry steams into Tokyo and demands relations
Japan opens 2 ports for US ships to take on supplies
US sets up embassy
The Treaty of Kanagawa - 1854
Japan Learns a Lesson!
In 1862, just before the start of the Meiji period, Tokugawa sent officials and scholars to China to study the situation there. A Japanese recorded in his diary from Shanghai…
The Chinese have become servants to the foreigners. Sovereignty may belong to China but in fact it's no more than a colony of Great Britain and France.
China’s “Unequal Treaties”
After the Opium War of 1839-1842, Japan was convinced that it had to Open Up to the West.
The Shi-shi (“Men of High Purpose”) Highly idealistic samurai who felt that the
arrival of Westerners was an attack on the traditional values of Japan.
They believed that:
Japan was sacred ground.
The emperor, now a figurehead in Kyoto, was a God.
Were furious at the Shogun for signing treaties with the West without the Emperor’s consent.
Their slogan Revere the Emperor, Expel the Barbarians!
The Meiji Revolt - 1868 A powerful group of samurai overthrow the Shogun.
Sakamoto Ryoma, the hero.
He helped Japan emerge from feudalism into a unified modern state.
The Shogunate Is Overthrown! The last
Shogun.
Tokugawa Yoshinobu.
The Emperor Is “Restored” to Power
MEIJI “Enlightened Rule”
Meiji Era Begins: 1867-1912 “Enlightened Rule”
under Emperor Mutsuhito
Mutsuhito believes Japan must adopt western ways to keep westerners out
Massive modernization
Emperor Mutsuhito
Newspaper Cartoon, 1870s?
Enlightened Half-Enlightened Un-Enlightened
Modernization by
“Selective Borrowing”
Popular board game.
Start by leaving Japan & studying in various Western capitals.
End by returning to Japan and becoming a prominent government official.
EuropeanGoods
Europe began to “loom large” in the thinking of many Japanese.
New slogan: Japanese Spirit; Western Technology!
The Japanese Became Obsessed
with Western Styles
Civilization and Enlightenment!
Everything Western Was Fashionable!
Everything Western Was Fashionable!
Japanese soldiers with their wives.
The Rulers Set the Tone with Western Dress
Emperor Meiji Empress Haruko (1868- 1912)
Changing Women’sFashions
1900 Styles The First“Miss Japan”
(1908)
MeijiRefor
ms
Abolitionof the
feudal system
LandRedistribution
Human Rights & Religious
Freedom
Build aModern Navy
(British)
Westernizethe School
System(Fr. & Ger.)
Modernize the Army(Prussian)
EmperorWorship
Intensified
WrittenConstitution(Germans)
ModernBankingSystem
A Constitutional GovernmentCopied from the Germans
Satsuma & Choshu Families
The Emperorof Japan
The Diet(Legislative Body)
House ofRepresentatives
House of Peers
1889 Constitutionof Japan
Expansionism& the Rise of Military Power
New players on the block?
Sino-Japanese war: 1894 Japan attacked Chinese troops in Korea Japanese destroyed Chinese navy Drove China out of Korea
Sino-Japanese War: 1894-1895
The Meiji Emperor was in Hiroshima during the Sino-Japanese War
Soldiers on the BattlefieldDuring the Sino-Japanese War
The Treaty of Shimonoseki ended the war.
Russo-Japanese war: 1904
James Bradley, Flyboys
The Russo-Japanese War:1904-1905
The Battle of Tsushima:The results startled the world!
Japan Is a Player in China
Russo-Japanese war: 1904 Japan launches
surprise attack on Russians off the coast of Manchuria
Russians refuse to stay out of Korea
Japan annexes Korea: 1910 1907: Korean king gives up control 1909: Korean Imperial Army disbanded Japan annexed Korea; keeps it until end of WWII
Japan Annexes Korea
President Teddy Roosevelt Mediates the Peace
The Treaty of Portsmouth, NH ended the Russo-Japanese War.
Long-term outcomes of Japanese Imperialism
Japan develops large Pacific empire, major competitor to the West
Japan becomes most industrialized country in Asia
Japan interested in China and will make several attempts to take it
In reflection, what did Japan do right and China do wrong when trying to
modernize?
Competition from Another “Pacific” Power Is on the
Horizon
The U. S. “Great White Fleet”
But, Japanese Power Would Grow . . .
QUICK REVIEW
What it IS Why it is IMPORTANT
Treaty of Kanagawa
Meiji Era
Sino-Japanese War
Russo-Japanese War
Annexation of Korea
Assignment How do the characters in the movie, The
Jungle Book, reflect the actions and intentions of British imperialism in India in the 1800s? Pay attention to the messages given by each
character and how they each may symbolize elements of imperialism.
Select THREE characters you feel most comfortable supporting and present your analysis in an essay. Be sure to provide specific examples from the film to support your analysis.
Rudyard Kipling