WASH Cluster Contingency Plan

Version 4 August 2013

(Version 3, 10th June 2011, Version 2: April 2009, Version 1, August 2008)

Prepared by: WASH Cluster Nepal

8/1/2013

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WASH Cluster Member Agencies:

Ministry of Planning and Physical Works/MPPW

Department of Water Supply and Sewerage/DWSS

Department of Local Infrastructure and Development of Agriculture Roads (DOLIDAR)

Nepal Water Supply Corporation (NWSC)

Kathmandu Valley Water Supply Management Board (KVWSMB)

Kathmandu Upathekya Kanepani Limited (KUKL)

Nepal Red Cross Society (NRCS)

Oxfam GB

Lutheran World Federation (LWF)

Save the Children

Plan Nepal

CARE Nepal

World Vision International (WVI)

NGO Forum

DEPROSC

SAPROSC

Nepal Water for Health (NEWAH)

Environnent Public Heath Organisation (ENPHO)

KIRDARC

UN-HABITAT

World Health Organisation (WHO)

United Nations Children’s Funds (UNICEF)

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Table of Contents

1. Introduction 3

2. Objectives 3

3. Hazard and Risk Analysis 3

4. Scenarios 4

5. General Impact of Major Disasters 6

6. Emergency WASH Services 8

7. Responsibilities and Authorities 8

8. WASH Cluster Contingency Plan Components 10

9. Agency Capacity Outline 39

10. Focal Person and Second Person in Contact 45

Annex-1 WASH Cluster Communication Tree 49

Annex2. MIRA tool 51

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1. Introduction

This WASH Cluster Contingency Plan has been developed based upon the Multi Hazard Scenario

that affects Nepal. Nepal is at high risk of a multitude of natural hazards such as floods, landslides,

earthquakes, fires, cyclonic winds, hailstorms, and drought which can lead to famines and epidemic

outbreaks in their aftermath (IASC, 2013). In order for the WASH Cluster to work effectively and

efficiently to support the Government of Nepal to address any disasters that occur in Nepal, this

WASH Cluster Contingency Plan has been developed from series of consultation and joint work of the

cluster members.

As part of the preparedness and development process, in September 2012, the WASH cluster

conducted Simulation Exercise to test its capacity to respond to large scale disaster. The Government

line agencies; I/NGOs cluster members and UN agencies participated this Simulation exercise. Based

on the learnings and suggestions by the cluster members, the Contingency Plan has been developed

for multi hazard scenario that affected Nepal in various scales. The Contingency Plan was thoroughly

reviewed by Cluster Contingency Plan Review Committee that consisted of key cluster members such

as MoUD, DWSS, NRCS, Oxfam, UN- Habitat, NEWAH and UNICEF.

The revised WASH Cluster Contingency Plan which is a live document consists of additional

component based on the discussion and consultation with the cluster members. These additions

include overall Cluster Capacity, Communication Tree, agency focal person and secondary focal

person, preparedness timeline and status on preparedness and response matrix, District Lead

Support Agency (DLSA) list. These information were added based on the consultation and

suggestions by cluster members to have a handy document that supports for any kind of actions to be

taken by WASH Cluster in any case of disaster. The Contingency Plan is review every year to update

overall WASH cluster capacity.

2. Objectives

To clearly define the responsibilities and deliverables of WASH agencies in the event of a major

disaster in Nepal and to define priority preparedness activities of the WASH cluster in order to ensure

adequacy of capacity to respond.

It should be noted that while the primary hazard for this plan is for a major earthquake and floods, the

WASH cluster is not precluded from applying the same coordination arrangements, delivering the

same emergency services and responding to similar sectoral needs arising from displacements of

families and other related issues caused by other hazards, e.g. landslides, outbreaks, fires, cyclonic

winds, hailstorms, drought cold waves and civil disturbance/armed conflict.

3. Hazard and Risk Analysis

An inventory of past disastrous events during 1971-2008 reveals that epidemics take the largest toll of life every year, and that landslides, floods (including flash floods) and urban or rural fires are the principle hazards in terms of their extent and frequency. Earthquakes are a major potential hazard. The country is located on an active seismic belt and the urbanization trend over the past decade, and the inopportune disregard of earthquake-resistant measures in building construction, is the

cause of an ever-increasing risk. The entire country falls in a high earthquake intensity belt. The seismic zoning map of Nepal, which depicts the primary (shaking) hazard, divides the country into three zones elongated in a northwest-southeast direction; the middle part of the country is slightly higher than the northern and the southern parts. The flat plains of Terai in the south of the country show the highest level of susceptibility to liquefaction. A devastating earthquake does not occur frequently, and hence its impact is not reflected in statistics covering the past 30-40 years. However, should it occur, the damage would be significant. The loss of life from a strong earthquake in Kathmandu valley is difficult to estimate but the scenarios used by all clusters in the planning process are 100,000 fatalities, with injury cases at 300,000, displaced figures of 1.8 million and

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almost all critical facilities, such as hospitals, over 60% damaged.

Among the major natural hazards, floods and landslides are the most recurrent in Nepal, claiming an average of about 2111 lives annually over the past ten years. The middle hills and the higher mountains are highly susceptible to landslides and debris flows, including those due to landslide damming, excessive erosion of hill slopes, and rock falls. The flat plains of the Terai face sheet flooding, exacerbated by the huge deposition of debris in riverbeds and by the construction of embankments across rivers. Fire is a problem for all settlements in rural as well as urban areas of the Terai where the summer temperatures can reach 45o Celsius. Cyclonic winds are a recurrent hazard which destroys horticultural crops in spring, while hailstorms cause significant harm to summer and winter crops, especially in mountainous areas of the country. Glacier Lakes Outburst Floods (GLOFs) and avalanches are typical of high Himalayan regions. GLOF hazards result from outbursts of glacial lakes due to the destruction of natural dams that contain the lake water. Most of these lakes are dammed either by ice-core moraine or by moraine debris. The damage occurs due to the destruction of the moraine dam by backwater erosion due to rapid melting, by avalanches, or by melting of the ice-core of the moraines.

4. Scenarios The Scenario of major disaster has been referred by WASH Cluster on the basis of scenarios defined by Inter Agency Standing Committee (IASC).

Two major scenarios: 1. Major earthquake in the Kathmandu Valley

2. Floods in the Terai

Scenario for a Major Earthquake Centred in the Kathmandu Valley

An earthquake measuring Magnitude 8 on the Richter scale and centred on the Kathmandu Valley hits the Himalayan region, causing deaths and damage in northern India, Nepal, China and Bhutan, affecting 50 million people. The magnitude of the damage will require a regional response that will delay and complicate assistance. In hilly and mountainous areas, most roads, bridges and many airfields will be blocked by landslides and unusable for many days. On the plains and riverbeds, liquefaction will cause bridges and rail lines to weaken, warp or subside. In Kathmandu valley, 100,000 deaths would occur, 300,000 injured and a planning figure of 1.8 million would be displaced. Government capacity would be severely limited and restricted.

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Key Impacts 100,000 people killed; 100,000 people severly injured, 200,000 moderately injured; 1.8 million people severely affected or displaced; airport severely affected (requiring several hours to restore Air Traffic Control); major bridges on the main rivers rendered unsafe; administrative buildings severely damaged; more than half the government employees not reporting to work for nearly a week; communications network in the valley interrupted for three weeks; water supply for nearly two-thirds of the population affected.

Scenario for floods in the Terai

Flooding in Nepal is becoming an annual episode and is likely to occur particularly in the Terai region. The number of displaced households will exceed 60,000, excluding those displaced downstream in neighbouring India. Immediate destruction of infrastructure and of water and sanitation facilities is anticipated with likely outbreaks of water-borne diseases, affecting some 35,000 people. Internal displacement will exceed more than 5-10km and last more than 4 weeks and thus require camp management support. The floods will disrupt learning activities for some 100,000 school children.

Key impacts 1,000 people killed; 3,000 injured, 66,000 households displaced, 35,000 people affected, 100,000 school children not able to attend school; major bridges on the main rivers destroyed; airports in the affected districts rendered dysfunctional; road links to India and other parts of the country destroyed; the local government offices severely damaged and dysfunctional; local communication network down for a week.

EPIDEMICS

Aside from Earthquakes and Floods,

Epidemics are in fact the number one killer

in Nepal, with an average of 410 deaths

per year as a stand-alone cause or a

result of disasters such as earthquake and

floods During 1983-2010, 22,306 people

lost their lives (MoHA,2004;DWIDP,

2010). Fifty-two per cent of those deaths

were caused by epidemics. The pattern is

not much changed during later time as

well.

Lack of treated drinking water supply and

poor hygiene conditions, not only in the

rural areas but also in the crowded,

unplanned urban settlements are the cause for the potentially high risk from epidemic. gastro-

enteritis, cholera, encephalitis, meningitis, dysentery and diarrhea account for more than 50% of

the total deaths due to epidemics. Break out of epidemics after a major disaster such as flood and

earthquake etc. is quite frequent.

Epidemics of contagious diseases have two peaks: during the months of May and June, before the

rainy season begins and in August, the height of the monsoon. Unsafe drinking water and poor

sanitation are the main causes of water-borne diseases in Nepal. Water- borne diseases continue

to take lives in Nepal. In fact, over 80 per cent of all illness is attributed to inadequate access to

clean water supplies, poor sanitation and poor hygiene practices.

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5. General Impact of Major Disasters Having safe water and sanitation is basic human rights. In case of major disaster these human rights

are violated The following matrix shows risk factors due to disasters and major impacts on WASH

service that will hamper access to and provision of WASH facilities.

Earthquake (Shaking and displacement of the ground), Human epidemic (Increase in the number of cases of an infectious disease affecting humans above what is considered normal level), General flood (Slowly rising water levels caused by rainfall or snowmelt), Flash flood (Water levels rising quickly, caused by rainfall)

Risk factors Tectonic activity Presence or introduction pathogen Environment favorable to transmission (e.g.

presence pathogens/ vectors/ hosts, poor sanitation)

Inadequate services (WASH, public health) Behavior causing transmission Population displacement Low resistance or immunity level population Intense rainfall Topography Deforestation

Prolonged rains Snowmelt Breach of dam/ outburst of glacial lake Topography Deforestation Poor storm water drainage Poor solid waste management Urbanization Poor water management Poor farming practices

Potential general effects

Fire Collapse of dam Casualties (death and injury) Population displacement Destruction of crops and food supplies Poor food security Destruction of (livelihood) assets Destruction of infrastructure Environmental damage and pollution Environment favorable to disease transmission Reduced access

Mortality Morbidity Environment favorable to transmission (presence pathogens/ vectors/ hosts, poor

sanitation) Reduction of food security Strain on public services Casualties (death and injury) Population displacement Destruction of crops and food supplies Poor food security Destruction of (livelihood) Assets Destruction of infrastructure Breakdown public services Large-scale disruption of society

Materials

Damage or loss of materials (e.g. damage to pumps, assets destroyed in collapsed buildings)

Increased need in materials (e.g. for repair infrastructure, spares, tools, consumables)

Materials used may not be adequate, or new materials may be needed (e.g. introduce chlorination)

Potential increased need in materials (e.g. consumables, quality monitoring equipment)

Organization

Increased needs in resources for maintenance of service level and recovery

Disruption of normal procedures and systems Potential increased needs in resources for

maintenance of service level Disruption of normal procedures and systems;

possibly new or modified procedures/systems needed

Potential increased needs in resources for maintenance of service level

possibly new or modified procedures/systems needed

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Potential effects on WASH services

Infrastructure

Damage to infrastructure (e.g. damage to dams through waves, damage or collapse of wells and pits, cracked/ collapsed buildings, cracked/ caved in/ collapsed reservoirs, damage/ destruction water/ sewage pipes)

Existing infrastructure may not be adequate to provide service levels needed

Damage to infrastructure (e.g. damage to overflowing dams, damage to infrastructure by erosion, settlement of soil, floating debris, settling of soil)

The course of rivers may change resulting in loss of intakes

Systems affected by deposited sediments

Human resources

Reduced productivity workforce (e.g. workers affected or attending to livelihoods and family)

Need in additional capacity (both in number and potentially skills) to deal with damage assessment, damage repair, monitoring, changes in organization, communication

Reduced productivity workforce (e.g. workers sick, attending to family, afraid to come into work)

Need in additional capacity (both in number and potentially skills) to deal with monitoring, changes in organisation and procedures, communication

Reduced productivity workforce (e.g. workers attending to livelihoods and family, poor access to service structures)

Need in additional capacity (both in number and potentially skills) to deal with damage assessment, damage repair, monitoring, changes in organization, communication, transport

Inputs

Difficulty in raising funds needed for operation and recovery

Contamination of water source (e.g. leaking of chemicals in surface water, saline water intrusion)

Reduced water availability as sources may be affected (e.g. water in wells or springs being lost through newly formed fissures)

Contamination of water in distribution system Difficulty in obtaining consumables, spares,

equipment

Users

Change in ability and demands users Change in attitude users

External infrastructure and service providers Suppliers may be affected Possible liability issues on materials/ structures in

use and damaged Transport and communication systems will be

affected. Emergency response may claim part of capacity Reduced supply in external services (e.g.

electricity, waste management; may be damaged)

Difficulty in obtaining specialist support (on same terms); specialists may be affected, or claimed for emergency response

Possibly transport and communication under pressure

Reduced supply in external services (e.g. electricity, waste management) if emergency response ongoing

Difficulty in obtaining specialist support (on same terms) if changes in service needed or major emergency response ongoing

Other Change in frameworks/ context/ politics

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6. Emergency WASH Services WASH response includes 5 major areas of intervention where all WASH actors need to address to

avoid possible waterborne risks and impacts of the affected population.

Safe and Adequate Water: The basic amount of water required to meet basic needs (drinking,

cooking, personal and domestic hygienic requirements) that are sufficiently safe in terms of quality

and quantity. The provision of safe water also takes into account the process around abstraction,

treatment, storage, transmission and distribution, as well as storage in the household.

Sanitation: Is defined as the safe management of human excreta, which includes hardware (latrines

etc) and software (hygiene and public health promotion and information) needed to reduce faecal-oral

disease transmission. Safe disposal of human excreta creates the first barrier to excreta-related

disease, helping to reduce transmission through direct and indirect routes.

Hygiene promotion: Hygiene promotion is defined as the mix between the population's knowledge,

practice and resources and agency knowledge and resources, which together enable risky hygiene

behaviours to be avoided. The three key factors are 1) a mutual sharing of information and

knowledge, 2) the mobilisation of communities and 3) the provision of essential materials and

facilities.

Drainage: Surface water in or near emergency settlements may come from household and water

point wastewater, leaking toilets and sewers, rainwater or rising floodwater. The main health risks

associated with surface water are contamination of water supplies and the living environment,

damage to toilets and dwellings, vector breeding and drowning.

Waste Management: The proper disposal and management of organic solid waste so as to reduce

major public health risks such as fly and rat breeding and surface water pollution. This would take

into account the entire system from household disposal to collection and disposal within a larger

refuse system.

In order to meet basic standards of service delivery as mandated for WASH Response, the WASH Cluster will follow the Sphere Standard which is the global standard for service delivery for WASH. See Annex for Sphere Standard for WASH response.

7. Responsibilities and Authorities

The Government of Nepal is responsible for overall humanitarian response. One of the areas of responsibility of the Ministry of Urban Development (MoUD) is to facilitate increased access to the provision of water supply and better sanitation facilities. Some relevant objectives and mandates of the MoUD Water and sanitation Division:

Water and Sanitation Division will act as secretariat and maintain working relation with the WASH cluster and humanitarian agencies;

To perform the role of a coordinator among governmental, non-governmental and private organizations as well as bodies involved in the water and sanitation sector

To make proper arrangements for clean drinking water and public sanitation for the protection of public health of affected people.

It should also be noted that there lacks a strong emergency function within the Ministry, and no policy that defines emergency objectives.

The Department of Water Supply and Sewerage (DWSS) is the lead agency for drinking water

supply and sanitation service delivery in Nepal which falls under the MoUD. The DWSS retains an

advisory and enabling role in the overall mandate of the MoUD.

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Water Supply and Sanitation Division and Sub Division Office (WSSDO/WSSSDO) is the district level office of the DWSS and is responsible for implementation of water and sanitation activities which also leads the WASH emergency response for all 75 districts of Nepal.

District Technical Office (DTO) is the technical unit under the District Development Committee and is responsible for lical infrastructure implementation including water and sanitation component serving below 1,000 population

Kathmandu Valley Water Supply Management Board is an autonomous and independent entity established under Water Supply Management Board (WSMB) Act (2006), which is the asset owner of all the water supply and sewerage facilities (from NWSC) of the Kathmandu Valley and responsible for developing and overseeing service policies.

Kathmandu Upatyaka Khanepani Limited (KUKL) has been set up as an operator as mentioned in the Company Act (2006) following the public private partnership (PPP) modality with the Government, municipalities and the private entities holding major share. It has been awarded a 30-year lease, to operate and manage water supply and sewerage services in Kathmandu Valley by using the assets of KVWSMB.

The WASH Cluster in Nepal will assist the above government agencies to meet the needs of people affected by emergencies. As of 2013, with Cluster transitioning in place, MoUD will be leading the WASH Cluster with UNICEF co-leading from the Humanitarian agencies, UNICEF, under global precedence will act as lead humanitarian agency in supporting the home government to respond and coordinate and has the responsibility to ensure that coordination is taking place to adequately respond to needs.

The principles of the cluster approach will be employed through enhanced coordination through a more collective approach to working, recognising and drawing upon different agencies strengths, actively seeking to identify gaps and weaknesses and agree actions to address these, and mutual accountability.

Other agencies, including I/NGOs will be members of the cluster with a common aim of providing adequate access to WASH facilities in the emergency scenario. It should be noted that all agencies responding in WASH will have a responsibility to coordinate their activities and participate in the WASH cluster to ensure maximum efficiency and efficacy of all donor funds and to meet the needs of those affected.

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1. WASH Cluster Contingency Plan Components

WASH response plan will be divided into 3 phases.

Phase -1 First 15 days for life saving response

Phase-2. from 16 days to 45 days and third phase will be from 46 days up to 90 days. All interventions would be implemented based on immediate need and priority of the

displaced population and standard timeframe will be established to deliver the life- saving intervention based on the ground reality.

a. Safe water provision

Responsibility: All Cluster members under KVWSMB/KUKL/MoUD leadership

bjective: To provide safe drinking water to affected populations (estimated 3 million people for 30 days) at 7 L/person/day initially and upgraded within one month to

15L /person/day (for drinking, hygiene and cooking).

Standard: See objective for quantity; accessibility, reliability and quality following Nepal Standard and Sphere standards on drinking water quality for emergencies

Activity/Steps to be taken Responsibility Response

Timeline

Preparedness Action Preparedn

ess

Timeline

Status

Temporary emergency water supply

1 Available cluster members meet at 2 PM at MoUD

Singh Durbar day after event in order to assess

immediate WASH needs and existing.

MoUD and all

cluster members

24 hours Identify focal persons to assess

damage

Standby cluster

capacity for

assessment

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2 Form and send out assessment teams (use existing

roster) by zoning to conduct assessment (preferably

multi-cluster team)

MoUD, and as per

defined cluster

members

72 hours Develop assessment teams, format

for assessment + training, and divide

into zones for assessment to take

place, disseminate format (using IRA,

MIRA etc)

Aug 2013

DWSS- 5, NRCS- 28,

UNICEF- 4, Oxfam4

3 Immediately after assessment, develop strategy for

temporary delivery of water. This should have provision

of supply bottled water for drinking purpose only for few

days. Should take into account, the extent of damage of

system (what is available e.g. working boreholes,

surface water).

The strategy would include following aspects:

immediate trucking of water (source + routes depending on road destruction)

locations and distribution of different size of tanks + tap stand in communities, health facilities and larger capacity at camps

immediate fixes/repair to infrastructure needed

distribution of household water chlorination product and water containers

4. system for monitoring of water supply at collection point, and plan to increase quantity of water supplied/ capacity of storage

KUKL, WSSDO,

UNICEF, MoUD,

7 days 1. Collect pre-existing info on sources

(map) to be assessed; information on

discharge, water quality etc. Map

main water transmission lines, deep

wells, dhunge dharas, and other

potential water sources, inventory of

water supply infrastructure in

Kathmandu Valley and conduct

vulnerability assessment of sources.

2. Collect information on the status of

public water (stone) spouts & dug

wells (private water sources); and

collect info on availability of water from

designated deep tubewells.

3. Contacts of tanker companies with

pre-existing agreements.

4. Complete contingency supply plan,

with availability of water storage tanks,

household water treatment etc. and

local suppliers including private and

charity organizations- marwadi swewa

samiiti, rotary, jaycees, religious

organizations etc.

Total capacity 65,200

HH or 326000

populations- water

trucking system, water

purification, bottled

water, deep well

inventory ,stockpiles

for water supply

4 Assess and mobilize existing deep wells, pumping

operators to start pumping and treatment of water

supply

MoUD DWSS,

KVWSMB, KUKL

7 days Mapping of potentials deep bore holes

with discharge, retrofitting, back- up

power generation, nozzle pipes etc

Identify existing deep wells as per

identified open space for IDPs

October

2013

Inventory with GIS of

750 of deep wells

available

2 deep well in IDP site

in operation, 5 more

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operational by end of

2013

5 Get information on operability of roads and bridges

within the city to input into development of water

distribution and repair plan

MoUD 24 hours

onward

Map of road network, bridges etc. and

map out possible distribution network

for tankering based on risks of road

collapse

6 Start repair of water supply system through repair of

breakages and source, prioritizing temporary repairs as

identified in strategy.

This would include treatment of contaminated water

sources.

KUKL, DWSS/

WSSDO with

support from

Cluster members

7 days

onwards

MoUD- KUKL and DWSS,

Municipalities, to train rapid response

teams for emergency repair work on

water supply facilities.

List of Plumbers from Municipalities

To be

updated

every year

DWSS- Every WSSDO

has technician for

maintenance the

system

7 Mobilize supply of water tanks/distribution points for

tankers

KVWSMB/KUKL/U

NICEF, INGOs,

Tanker Association

72 hours Mapping of water tankers and stand-

by agreement

To be

updated

every year

Standby agreement of

Oxfam, KUKl

8 Mobilize tankers MoUD/KUKL,

WSSDO + local

municipality

72 hours Coordination with logistic cluster for

fuel stockpile; Information on private

tanker companies

KUKL and Oxfam has

information on tanker

companies

9 Treatment of water at designated deep tube

wells/source and treatment of water by tanker driver in

tankers

KUKL+WASH

Humanitarian

Agencies ,ENPHO

72 hours Stockpile of chlorine, guideline

translated in Nepali to tanker drivers

on tanker chlorination

July 2013 Granular Chlorine-

150 kg, 2- water

treatment plant- 4000

l/hr-NRCS ;

ENPHO can help

translation of use of

chlorine guideline in

Nepali and pot

chlorination using

bleaching powder

Oxfam to train tanker

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association

10 Disseminate information on location of water distribution

points to the public

WASH Cluster,

KUKL, MoHP and

local media/

volunteer, CCCM,

IT cluster

72 hours Coordinate with CCCM, shelter and IT

cluster

Cluster is doing with

KVWSMB

Develop standard WASH messages, get agreement by

WASH and Health Cluster in advance

WASH cluster,

DWSS,

NHEICC/DHS

72 hours Common WASH message for safe

water prepared

WASH basic message

available for airing with

NHEICC/DHS,

UNICEF, NRCS, UN-

Habitat

11 Mobilize logistics of fuel (for continuous tankering) MoUD ,WASH and

cluster, Logistics

cluster

7 days Coordination with logistic cluster

information on current fuel stocks

On- going

12 Distribution of WASH NFRI to affected populations:

Distribute pre-positioned 65 200 bucket set/Gerri cans

and purification tablets/solutions and place requisition

for additional 65,200 bucket set/Gerri cans.(65200HH x

15ltx 30 days)= 293,440,000ltrs

WCC/UNICEF,

MoUD/DWSS

Humanitarian

WASH NGOs

List of private suppliers for NFIs

(chlorine, buckets etc.) and map out

contingency stock from NGOs/Gov’t

etc. and develop LTA

Prepare cluster inventory/stocklist of

WASH NFRI

Cluster members to pre-position

WASH NFRI

NFRI prepositioned for

65,200 HH; LTAs by

NRCS,Oxfam and

UNICEF with various

vendors/producers

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13 Monitoring of quantity and quality of distributed water

through tankering

MoUD, DWSS,

WCC, accredited

water quality

laboratory

72 hours of

distribution by

tankers

Prepare standard checklist in advance

and train KUKL and humanitarian

NGOs officials/ Maintain roster of

trained personnel

August

2013

DWSS- 10,NRCS- 25,

NRCS has water

quality guideline

monitoring guideline,

NRCS has roster of

WASH trained and

disaster trained

persons (6 RDRT, 80

NDRT, 100 WRT in

WASH

ENPHO can help

preparation of standard

checklist and provide

technical support for

providing water quality

testing using field test

kits

UNICEF Roster of

trained people at the

district/national level

available but needs

updating

Core Commitment for

Children monitoring

checklist ready for use

during emergency

14 Assessment of water supply in the fringe area KVWSMB/KUKL,

MoUD, DWSS, ,

WCC/

Humanitarian

NGOs

7 days Jointly carry of feasibility survey of

potential water sources(stream,

spring, dug wells, shallow wells)

beyond the ring road

DWSS-

Equipment

and

guideline

should be

necessary

before

chaitra

DWSS- HR 500

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15 Augment supply from in/outside core area and increase

number of water distribution points

KVWSMB/KUKL

and MoUD,

WSSDOs

7 days DWSS-

mapping of

W/S

system at

winter

season

DWSS- NMIP Data

Immediate provision of water at camps and medical

facilities

1 Coordinate with other clusters on locations of camps

and sizes, including site layout & planning. Identify

locations of medical facilities

WCC, CCCM,

NGOs, shelter

cluster, DDRCs

7 days Identification of potential relocation

camps (already done for Lalitpur) for

Kathmandu and Bhaktapur

IOM- CCCM has

already registered 83

open spaces for IDP

sites with tentative

purpose of use

NRCS has Shelter

trained personnel with

shelter kits

2 Based on above, set up water storage and distribution

points (with drainage) within the camps and medical

facilities, mobilize tankering. In first instance, prioritize

provision of tankering to medical facilities and provide

back-up generator

UNICEF/WCC,

KUKL, MoUD,

I/NGOs, WSSDOs

7 days NGOs to consider response capacity

for water supply etc.

NRCS has capacity to

20000 people to

respond for water

supply

3 Establish strong monitoring team to oversight ongoing

facility installation work as well as to monitoring water

quality

KUKL, DWSS,

NWSC, MoUD and

Humanitarian

NGOs, UNICEF,

UN HABITAT

7 days Train and maintain back up repair and

maintenance teams

Restoration of Water Supply 15 days onward

4 After immediate repairs by KUKL repair teams, then

assessment of repairs needed to main water supply.

KVWSMB/KUKL, 30 days Stockpile ie

pipe,

N/A

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This would include:

● prioritizing repair of main trunk lines, and getting water closer to tankering route

● prioritizing repairs needed to source and treatment plant

● Then looking at repairs needed in branch lines

MoUD, DWSS, fittings,

tools etc

should be

needed

before

Chaitra

6 Complete strategy for repair to main water supply, which

would include identification of repair team and service

staff.

KUKL, DWSS,

MoUD, UNICEF,

UN Habitat

7 days KUKL to consider their repair strategy

to water system

7 Mobilize repair teams. To enable service staff and

municipal workers to undertake repairs, facilities would

need to be provided to workers if they have been

personally affected by earthquake.

NFRI cluster,

WASH Cluster,

NRCS/CCCM

15 days WASH cluster members who have

emergency kits and tents to consider

prioritize immediate distribution to

municipal workers who would be

undertaking critical restoration works.

8 Begin undertaking restoration of water supply as per

strategy developed.

KVWSMB/KUKL,D

WSS, NWSC,

MoUD

30 days Identify potential companies and

maintain roster

9 Conduct detail assessment on WASH

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8.2. Sanitation

Responsibility: MoUD/ /MLD/Municipalities/WCC + supporting humanitarian NGOs and UN agencies- UNICEF and UN HABITAT

Objective: Provide adequate sanitation facilities for both displaced (1.8 million- UNOCHA) and living at their partially damage houses in order to safely

dispose of human excreta and reduce any major disease outbreak.

Standards: Immediate excreta disposal options (designated defecation areas, trench latrines) - 1 week

1 toilet/50 people in 15-30 days; upgrade to 1 toilet/20 people (segregated by sex) after 1 month all in a package of hygiene promotion and

incorporating gender/disability components

Installation of urinals separate for male, female, children and disable people at larger camps

Provided at each latrine: 1- 10 lit bucket, 1lit mug for anal cleansing and latrine cleaning kit

Menstrual Hygiene Management system in place in female toilets

1 bathing space for 5 H/Hs (segregated by sex, therefore 2 bathing per 10 households including 1 male and 1 female). Gender child and

disable friendly bathing spaces

WASH Cluster strategy:

Agencies committing to construct temporary toilets and bathing facilities in camps to also make provisions for upgrading and repair, hygiene

promotion and ensure handwashing facilities in each latrine site.

18

Activity/Steps to be taken Timeframe Responsibility Preparedness Action Preparedness

time line

Status

Provision of Sanitation Facilities in Camps

1 Meet with relevant authorities (CDO, WSSDO, shelter

cluster) to define camp locations and layout plans; and

assign agency responsibilities and targets based on

standards. Camp design should take into account locations

of toilets, bathing spaces and hand washing points.

7 days Shelter Cluster,

IOM, UN

HABITA ,

DDRCs WASH

Cluster

Define and agree on standard latrine

design, cost estimate and drawing in

advance

Standard WASH design

Technical Option manual

available

2 Construction of temporary toilets at camps by assigned

NGOs, taking into account needs for disabled people,

women and children.

Will need to use pit latrines, in first instance (not pour flush)

due to lack of water.

7 days Oxfam,

UNICEF,

NRCS (with

agreement

from cluster)

All WASH

cluster

WASH Cluster

1. Develop standard design of latrines,

urinals, bathing facilities, garbage pits,

Incinerator and cost of each items in

advance and agree between GON and

agencies working in Nepal. Get

partners/community opinion to ensure

these are people friendly and appropriate

2. Pre-position slabs, frames, tarpulins

3. Assessment of essential supplies in

the local market and establish alternate

mechanism to receive from outside Ktm

4. Identify potential supplies and

transporters and establish

procurement/transportation procedures.

NRCS has its central

warehouse in Kathmandu

and has tarpaulin and

plastic sheeting preposition

and 40 plastic squatting

plates and 4 rapid toilets

ENPHO can also provide

some technical input in

design of trench latrines

from experience gained

from working at brick kilns

3 Construction of bathing facilities with drainage at camps by

assigned NGOs

Develop standard design of latrines,

urinals, garbage pits, Incinerator and

cost of each items in advance and agree

between GON and humanitarian

agencies working in Nepal

Technical option manual

available

19

4 Ensure toilets and bathing spaces to designated families in

conjunction with hygiene promotion and provision of toilet

cleaning kits (1 per toilet)

15 days WCC, MoUD,

DWSS INGOs

Cluster to agree on toilet cleaning kit

contents.

July 2013

5 Regular repair and maintenance of installed latrines, bathing

facilities

15 days Regular repair

by users and

monitoring by

WASH Cluster

Cluster members to recognize needs to

incorporate ongoing activities in budgets

Regular Maintenance

budget

6 Establish strong monitoring team to monitor ongoing facility

installation work and ongoing repair, maintenance, and

upgrading needs.

15 days Users and

WASH cluster

Develop assessment and monitoring

tools and guidelines in advance and get

agreement among the GON/WASH

cluster and maintain electronic copy at

EOC and UN HQ and INGO/HQ

Develop

monitoring

check

tools/guideline

at end of July

2013

Provision of Sanitation Facilities for Partially Damaged

Households, Medical Facilities

1 After assessment, WASH cluster to target partially damaged

households and affected neighborhoods (at risk of disease

outbreak) where people are living in homes or with host

family

15 days Shelter and

WASH Cluster

Develop/update indicators for level of

damage structures coordinating with

MoUD

December

2013

2 Construction of shared sanitation facilities by responding

NGO/ agency. Standard to be determined. For instance,

agency should determine with community on location of

latrine and how many families will be allocated. Due to

space and planning restrictions it may not be possible to

allocate 1 toilet/20 people.

15 days WASH

cluster/WCC,

NGO

responsible,

WSSDO

1. Develop standard design of latrines,

urinals, garbage pits, Incinerator and

cost of each items in advance and agree

between GON and agencies working in

Nepal. Get partners/community opinion

to ensure these are people friendly and

appropriate

2. Pre-position slabs, frames, tarpulins

3. Identify designated defecation sites

within the evacuation sites

Until end of

July

Technical option manual

available.

Long Term agreement with

potential suppliers are

practice in UNICEF,

Oxfam, NRCS

20

4. Assessment of essential supplies in

the local market and establish alternate

mechanism to receive from outside Ktm

5. Identify potential supplies and

transporters and establish

procurement/transportation procedures

and Long term Agreement.

3 Regular repair and maintenance of installed latrines, bathing

facilities

15 days Users, ,

MoUD, I/NGO

providing

facilities

Cluster members to recognize needs to

incorporate ongoing activities in budgets

Establishing

Emergency

WASH fund in

government

level (MoUD,

Health,

Education,

MLD)

Ongoing

4 Establish strong monitoring team to oversight ongoing facility

installation work and ongoing repair, maintenance, and

upgrading needs

15 days WCC/UNICEF

and WASH

cluster

Develop assessment and monitoring

tools and guidelines in advance and get

agreement among the GON/WASH

cluster and maintain electronic copy at

EOC and UN HQ and INGO/HQ

July 2013 by

WASH cluster

for monitoring

of shared

facilities

21

8.3 Hygiene Promotion

Responsibility: DWSS/WSSDO/WCC/DOLIDAR, all WASH cluster members and Humanitarian WASH agencies

Overall Objectives: To promote healthy hygiene behavior and practices of disaster affected people and maintain personal, domestic and environmental hygiene to minimize the risk of communicable disease outbreak. Specific objectives of hygiene promotion includes:

● To build the capacity of the affected people to make them able and accountable to use and care the facilities/ services provided ● Ensure that camps are sufficiently clean so that the breeding of vector and spreading of the vector borne disease could be controlled. ● Raise hygiene awareness in close coordination with the health cluster and prevent, minimize and control the incidence of WASH related

diseases in the vulnerable areas

WASH Cluster Strategy:

● Capacity Building ● Use/mobilization of volunteers ● Use of local resources ● Coordination and networking ● Community mobilization ● Gender and social inclusion ● Information sharing and communication

Activity/Steps to be taken Timeframe Responsibility Preparedness Action Preparedness

timeline

Status

Assessment and Planning

1 Prepare one month hygiene promotion plan

based on the IRA (start in high health risk

areas)

7 days DWSS and

WASH cluster

members

Agree and prepare standard hygiene

promotion messages, materials and

approaches/methodology ( considering

local context in advance in support the

activities

Before Chaitra NRCS has 3 hygiene promotion boxes to

use in emergencies,

22

Immediate Hygiene Promotion in camps

1 Recruit staff and volunteer (1250 volunteers:

120HH/vol.) using roster, headhunt

Hygiene promoters: 250

7 days WASH cluster

members

Prepare rosters of PHP staff and

volunteers

Before Baisakh Oxfam and NRCS has updated roster

of trained volunteers that can be head

hunted in emergency- 200 in Ktm and

3000 in districts

2 Orient staff and volunteers (25 sessions/50

volunteer per sessions) through meeting

7 days WASH cluster

members

Orientation packages designed and

agreed

Before Baisakh Volunteers are ready. By giving rapid

orientation with available module, can

deploy more volunteers

3 Distribute hygiene NFRI kits including water

treatment agents, buckets, 150000 kits

(1/family)

7 days UNICEF/GoN/NG

Os

Standardize and stock pile hygiene kits

for initial response

3 W mapping and identification of gap

Preposition the items

Before

Baisakh

UNICEF has revised hygiene kit for 5000

HH/ 100,000 population and LTA

process for 15000 HH

NRCS has WASH items with water

treatment plants for 20000 people

OXFAM has prepositioned hygiene kits

for 100000 population Kathmandu valley

EQ

4 Disseminate hygiene messages using modern

and traditional medias, mobilize volunteers

(individual and group meeting and health

education) using Pre designed hygiene

messages) such as: posters, miking, street

dramas Posters: 50000 pieces, Leaf lets:

200000

7 days NGOs/DPHO/UNI

CEF/GoN

Discuss and develop hygiene

messages and IECs for emergency

based on the culture and context

By September

2013

WASH Cluster has HiE manual,

Flipchart, chlorination poster that could

be used by all cluster members. Other

materials are also in process of

development

5 Aware affected people on possible risk of

vector borne diseases and encourage them to

manage household refuse through mobilization

of volunteer

Mass campaign (media and society)

7 days NGOs Identify local media and groups

Women and youth under disaster

management committees can be

mobilized for mass campaign

23

6 Coordinate with municipality and DPHO for

proper disposal of waste and other vector

control measures through SOP and MOU

(spraying)

10 days DWSS/NGOs/Mu

nicipality, Health

Cluster

SOP and MOU for spraying and vector

control

Before Baisakh DWSS- HR available for coordination

NRCS - has 4 sets vector tool kits for

4000 HHs

7 Monitoring (whether hygiene accessories are

reached/used to/by the beneficiaries through

Information sharing/observation, key informant

interview, discussion with beneficiaries

15 days UN/DWSS/NGOs Monitoring matrix, forms and process to

be finalized beforehand

DWSS- HR 75

NRCS has response and monitoring

manual

Intermediate hygiene promotion plan for three months (90 days)

1 KAP survey: orient staff and volunteers on KAP

and mobilize them using available survey and

other tool/ checklist

30 days

onwards

Humanitarian

NGOs+ DWSS+

UNICEF+ UN

HABITAT

Orientation package for enumerator During regular

time

DWSS- HR for orientation

NRCS- KAP survey tools developed

2 Redesign/revise hygiene promotion plan and

process Based on the KAP survey

30 days

onwards

Humanitarian

NGOs+ DWSS+

UNICEF+ UN

HABITAT

Orientation package for enumerators During regular

time

NRCS has Hygiene promotion boxes

and updated KAP survey

3 Requisition/procurement and distribution of

additional hygiene NFRI including water

treatment agents, sanitary napkins, soaps and

tooth etc for 150000 Targeting and distribution

will be made based on the Sphere standard

30 days Humanitarian

NGOs+DWSS+

UNICEF+ UN

HABiTAT+MoPP

W

Identify possible vendors and means of

transport

Identify potential donors

Stand by MoU

before Baisakh

NRCS has 500 hygiene kits in

Kathmandu warehouse

4 Aware IDPs on possible risk of vector borne

diseases and encourage them to manage

household refuse ; Mobilize volunteer ;Mass

campaign (media and social)

30 days Humanitarian

NGOs+DWSS+

UNICEF+ UN

HABiTAT

Discuss and develop messages and

IECs for vector control

During regular

time

NRCS has Vector control kits with

manual

24

5 Form hygiene promotion (HP) groups at camp

level, train and mobilize them .Involve all group

of community in HP group and give them the

responsibility

45 days Humanitaria

NGOs+DWSS+

UNICEF+ UN

HABITAT+

WSSDOs+

Volunteers

Group formation and mobilization

guideline

During regular

time

Oxfam and its partners formed WASH

groups in the community ( pre disaster)

6 Coordinate with municipality for required waste

disposal accessories at HH level and ensure

communal level waste disposal)

30 days MoUD, /WASH

cluster

Agree on HH level waste disposal

accessories

During regular

time

Discussion on going

7 Monitoring (Whether hygiene accessories are

reached/used to/by the beneficiaries

Change in hygiene practices including hand

washing, use of latrines, water

handling/treatment

Information sharing/observation, key informant

interview, discussion with beneficiaries

60 days /DWSS/MoUD/N

GOs

Monitoring matrix, forms and process to

be finalized beforehand

Pre disaster Monitoring matrix used in Koshi flood are

available with Oxfam

25

8.4 Drainage , Solid Waste Management and Vector Control

Responsibility: All Cluster members including DWSS/WSSDO in coordination with Municipalities and national NGOs e.g. ENPHO

Objective: To provide adequate sanitation facilities and safe disposal of solid and liquid wastes for personal hygiene and vector control

Standards: Waste water disposal and solid waste management in camps

Vector control (flies and mosquitoes) in coordination with health cluster

No dwelling more than 100 m away from refuse container or pit

Activity/Steps to be taken Timeframe Responsibility Preparedness Action Preparedness

timeline

Status

Provision of Waste Management Facilities in Partially Affected Neighborhoods

1 Based on assessment of needs,

develop plans for garbage collection.

This would include:

I. identify location of areas to place community garbage receptacles in partially damaged areas/areas of spontaneous settlement

II. identify garbage collection routes III. identify location for garbage dumping

(approved by authorities in appropriate location)

IV. identify means of collection, such as through municipal trucks/tractors, informal rickshaw collection

V. provision of fuel for trucks/tractors VI. mobilization of municipal sweepers

30 days WASH Cluster (need for

waste focal point)

WSSDO/DWSS,

Municipality, vector

control and medical

waste management

should be coordinated

with health cluster

Work with municipality to identify

garbage dumping area and

infrastructure available for collection,

and garbage receptacles available.

Develop LTA with trucks and tractors

etc.

Capacity building on solid and liquid

waste management in Emergencies

September 2013 Planned under the cluster

capacity building

26

VII. medical waste management

2 In order to enable service staff and

municipal workers to undertake repairs,

facilities would need to be provided to

workers if they have been personally

affected by earthquake.

30 days Shelter cluster, WASH

cluster

WASH Cluster members who have

emergency kits and tents to consider

prioritize immediate distribution to

municipal workers who would be

undertaking garbage collection.

3 Implement strategy for garbage

collection based on above, mobilizing

trucks, garbage receptacles. Facilitate

transportation of garbage and design

schedule to ensure regular pick up

30 days MoUD, WASH Cluster

4 Involve household /user committee for

solid and liquid waste management

WSSDO in coordination

with Municipalities

preparation of waste water/ sewerage

management policy in process

August 2013

5 Incinerator needed for disposing

household disposal and medical waste

30 days WASH cluster /health

cluster with Municipality

Identification/installation of incinerator

6 Continuous monitoring of garbage

servicing (pick up) and identification of

gaps. Monitoring to ensure collection is

regular

30 days MoUD/DWSS/WASH

cluster, CCCM,

Basic Monitoring indicators to be

identified

Provision of Waste Management Facilities in Camps

1 Provision of household garbage

receptacle (1 per 4 families) at

appropriate locations in camps.

30 days WASH cluster, UNICEF/

Municipalities

Design of 4-household waste

receptacle including materials used

(BOQ). Stockpile large garbage

receptacles

LTA with receptacle

venders together with

bucket producers

27

2 On site pit to be located for waste that is

burn-able (or for all waste to be covered

by soil) in coordination with shelter

cluster for all waste, until landfill is

identified and garbage collection system

in place and running

30 days WASH cluster Design of refuse pit

3 Facilitate disposal of 4-household

receptacles to a central location for

garbage pick up

Alternate

day

WASH cluster Identify/develop the site for safe

disposal of solid waste

4 Work with authorities to ensure garbage

pick up (regular schedule) and assign

responsibilities

Alternate

day

WASH cluster Identity the supplier for waster bins( to

be procured)

5 Integrate waste reduction messages

into hygiene promotion

30 days WASH cluster and

hygiene focal points

Identify and agree on the message( in

consultation with solid waste

management and resource mobilization

center) under MLD

6 Continuous monitoring of waste

disposal, by hygiene promotion

volunteers to identify gaps

Everyday

after

deployment

WASH cluster and

hygiene focal points

Storm drainage and wastewater drainage (in camps)

1 Before (or during depending on timing

of earthquake) monsoon, assess with

camp members potential areas for

stagnant water. If during monsoon, go

to the site to confirm stagnant water

locations

30 days CCCM/logistic +WASH Develop evacuation sites in advance

with minimum facilities

End of 2013 83 IDP site registered by

the government; tentative

usability plan made

2 Draw network of drainage system with

flow channels, culverts, outlet and

30 days KUKL/MoUD/municipaliti Draw network of drainage system with

flow channels, culverts, outlet and

28

discharge point es discharge point

3 Present the system and responsibilities

to the community

30days KUKL/MoUD/municipaliti

es/CCCM

Community awareness for solid and

liquid waste management

4 Provision of materials for drain

maintenance to community and

construction of drainage with machines

(if necessary) or labor from community

30days KUKL/ MoUD/ WSSDO/

Municipalities

Have minimum stockpiles of tools used

of drainage maintenance/construction

End pf 2013 DWSS stockpiling basic

tools together with water

supply tools

5 Handover of drainage system to camp

members, and continuous monitoring.

45 days KUKL/DWSS/MoUD+WA

SH Cluster

Vector Control

1 Integrate vector control and means to

protect from vector borne diseases in

the hygiene promotion activities at

household /camps with health cluster.

Mobilize volunteer ;Mass campaign

(media and social)

Together

with

Hygiene

promotion

campaign

DWSS/WSSDO/Municipa

lity/WASH Cluster

Develop environmental health

promotion materials together with

health cluster for wider dissemination

End of 2013 Hygiene promotion manual

already developed

NRCS has Vector control

kits with manual

UNICEF has radio

message for vector control

and environmental hygiene

2 Work with CCCM and health cluster to

help affected population to avoid

exposure to mosquitoes and other

vectors through – repellents, bednets

etc, lime/chlorine powder for

15 days DWSS/ Municipalities/

WASH cluster members/

CCM and Health Cluster

Have minimum stocks available for

vector control- bed nets, repellents,

chlorine/lime powder

End of 2013 400- bednets in stock with

UNICEF

29

disinfection

3 Work with CCCM and Health cluster to

disinfect solid waste and liquid waste pit

to avoid vector growth

30 days DWSS/ Municipalities/

WASH cluster members/

CCM and Health Cluster

5 Form hygiene promotion (HP) groups at

camp level, train and mobilize them

.Involve all group of community in HP

group and give them the responsibility

45 days Humanitaria

NGOs+DWSS+

UNICEF+ UN HABITAT+

WSSDOs+ Volunteers

Group formation and mobilization

guideline

30

8.5 Coordination, advocacy and information-sharing

Responsibility: All Cluster members led by WCC (UNICEF, MoUD)

Objective: To ensure maximum efficient and efficacy of the WASH cluster and that all interventions under WASH are coordinated.

Activity Time Frame Responsibility Preparedness Action Preparedness

timeline

Status

1 WASH Cluster as part of the DDRC team

will provide basic information and decision

taken for immediate response; work with

other clusters and other sector and carry

out detailed damage assessment of latrine

and other sanitation facilities in the valley

7 days WASH Cluster Collect secondary data from

EOC/OCHA/NDRC;

Define assessment teams and

awareness of Rapid

Assessment Tool (RAT) through

training.

Continuous

2 Based on information collected from the

rapid assessment and detailed damaged

assessment, WASH Cluster to meet and

define response modalities, for instance

divide responsibilities into i) response in

camps; ii) response in partially damaged

areas, medical facilities and informal camps

7 days WASH Cluster NRCS is developing RAT capacity in

HQs and districts

3 Assign agency responsibility by determined

geographic area depending on level of

damage and need

7 days WASH cluster NRCS can support in need

assessment

4 Collect basic information related with

hygiene promotion and vector control/

participate in IRA team: 5 teams for KTM, 3

for Lalitpur and 2 for Bhaktapur

7 days WASH cluster

members

Agree on format for assessment NRCS can support for data collection

5 Hold emergency meeting: coordinate with

other WASH cluster members (GoN, UN

Every week WCC,WASH NRCS Participate in emergency

31

agencies, I/NGOs) cluster members meetings

6 Coordination, communication and

information sharing with other WASH

members to ensure that water and

sanitation facilities are in place with

minimum standard

WASH meeting/email/internet/phone calls

and other possible means

15 days All WASH

members

Stakeholders mapping

7 Ensure safety of self, family and

dependents

72 hours Individual

agencies

Prepare the contact details of

staff and families

NRCS is in communication circle and

have institutional communication

channel. NRCS VHF communication

licence

8 Ensure availability of staff and volunteers of

concern agencies

72 hours Individual

agencies

Prepare the contact details of

staff and volunteers

NRCS has sectoral technical team and

contact list of team members

9 Asses the status of communication facilities

and communicate with cluster leads and

focal persons

72 hours MoUD,

Communication

focal point

Together with communication

cluster identity the available

communication facilities( Sat

phone)

NRCS- Team heads have VHF codes

and sets

10 In first instance, UNICEF will assign a top

level WASH Cluster coordinator, and link

will be made with MoUD DWSS to join

forces and Chair the National WASH

Cluster Meeting

72 hours UNICEF/DWSS/

MoUD

DWSS to identify WASH cluster

coordinator

11 MoUD (Ministry of Urban Development

and works) will also assign a WASH Focal

point to liaise with the WASH Cluster (i.e.

joint secretary)

72 hours MoUD MoUD to identify WASH

emergency focal point/person

32

12 This Top level WASH cluster group must

agree to meet daily at the beginning of the

crisis (physically or telephone)

72 hours

13 These 3 top people should have sat phone

(wireless) and link with UN radio

72 hours DWSS and MPW to find way to

get a sat phone or radio

14 TOR to be agreed for national WASH

group: meet and agree on scale of damage

and decide on resources needed;

communicate this information to

IASC/OCHA/Head of UN/Top government

72 hours-7

days??

WASH Cluster Generic TOR already

developed by global cluster

(need to adapt?)

15 Needs assessment to be completed by the

top Cluster team: top cluster team to do the

assessment and ensure all relevant people

are involved

72 hours WASH Cluster Possible training to

DWSS/MPPW on

assessments/format of CAT

16 Team must collect information from

affected people, VDC workers, ward level

people, municipalities, national NGOs that

are located in the area for the general

assessment

7 days MoUD, WCC

and

Cluster

members

17 Tools for WASH rapid assessment to be

decided, CAT should be used

72 hours WASH cluster

coordinator with

WASH cluster

members

Look at CAT (global level) and

adapt for Nepal. UNICEF to do

this.

18 At the same time, 3 WASH Cluster groups

to be assembled: Kathmandu district,

Lalitpur and Bhaktapur (if surrounding

villages are also affected, than each of

those districts will also start a district

WASH Cluster)

72 hours MoUD, UNICEF,

Cluster

members

Oxfam will decide about leading

cluster at district (decision made

but not finalized)

UNICEF to see if there is

By June, it

need to be

share

NRCS-This need to be discussed in

depth

33

Each district WASH cluster will be chaired

by NGO + gov’t (WSSDO – DE). UNICEF

must ensure chair of the 3 district groups,

but Oxfam will consider Lalitpur, UNICEF

will consider Kathmandu, and Bhaktapur

can be another large WASH NGO or

UNICEF for Bhaktapur. A special WASH

coordinator will be in charge of coordination

in each of these districts and work

alongside the DE/WSSDO and DE’s team

another leading emergency

WASH NGO that would take a

significant coordination role

UNICEF to contact DE at

WSSDO in districts and provide

contingency plan and brief on

the cluster system

19 These 3 WASH cluster coordinators, need

to find the other NGOs, national NGOs and

local NGOs working or planning to work in

the district and get them to join the cluster.

KUKL focal point will need to be identified

to join the group.

72 hours-7

days

WASH

Cluster/WSSDO

Get a list of NGOs working in

WASH in the districts at field

level

20 At the beginning, meeting can be as

decided (e.g. daily in beginning at 8.30 am

at WSSDO office, weekly…), the daily

meeting will be the information sharing

mechanism for the beginning, until emails

start working

72 hours WSSDO/WCC

21 The 3 WASH cluster groups (leaders) will

decide in the first few days on sub-zoning

based on the damage. For instance, it

could be 2-3 wards per zone. This must be

done with CDO and OCHA.

72 hours-7

days

WCC,

OCHA,CCCM

UNICEF to talk to OCHA about

idea of sub-zoning to see if they

have data sets available and

further ideas/ and talk to

WSSDO on idea of sub-zoning

to see if there are logical ways

of sub-zoning (i.e. based on

water source?)

22 This sub-zoning will form the basic for

further assigning of responsibilities to the

WASH cluster. Other NGOs can take

7 days WC,CCCM,OCH

A/MOHA

34

responsibility for “lead actor” in this sub-

zoning system.

23 The information at these 3 groups must be

shared with the top level group daily or

several times a day through sat-phone and

radio if necessary. All Cluster leads must

have laptop as well so they can start using

IM formats.

7 days WCC

24 The 3 district groups, will also decide on

the response modalities based on the

capacity available. However, one key

strategy is to ensure that sanitation actors

will also do hygiene at the same location.

For instance, if there is an NGO that wants

to commit construction of 200 toilets, the

cluster lead will ensure that they will do

hygiene promotion at those toilets and at

that site.

7days

25 Another NGO (such as World Vision) will

take responsibility for overall coordination

of site waste management at camp level.

They will develop standards and modalities

for response, and overall coordination.

They will ensure models are defined for

other actors.

7 days WASH Cluster

members

NGO has to work with

municipality and look at

disposal sites etc.

26 Ensure that there is a focal point for

gender, HIV, handicap.

Lead WASH coordinators will work with

protection cluster on gender, health cluster

for HIV and with an disability NGO (like

Handicap) to think of ways for advocacy for

cross cutting issues. Also how to

7 days-15

days

UNICEF,

Protection

Cluster

Link with other clusters (e.g.

protection, AIN/HIV working

group) to be clear on overlap

and see if there can be

guidelines.

NRCS has also Gender and social

inclusion department

35

practically incorporate into design

considerations for toilets and water points.

Contact Handicap International

to brief them and tell them

about expectations. UNICEF to

do this.

27 After the CAT, the cluster group comes

together to discuss how to incorporate

cross-cutting issues into design. The

district coordinators can work with the

shelter/CCCM coordinators when designing

site layout and planning the response to

ensure cross-cutting issues are

incorporated in design

7 days Meet with CCCM person to

discuss site plans and cross

cutting design issues.

28 Need to work with CCCM to identify

potential evacuation sites for Kathmandu

and Bhaktapur. CDO should be involved in

site selection.

72 hours- 7

days

UNICEF,CCCM NSET/EMI/KMC looking at

evacuation sites, UNICEF to get

info to update WASH cluster.

Cluster has to also look

Bhaktapur.

83 sites registered for IDP sites

29 Cluster must ensure cultural consideration,

and community participation in design and

before construction. All WASH cluster

members must consult with the community

before construction and design (example of

toilets for muslim communities in Sunsari of

toilets facing east)

7 days UNICEF Hygiene guidelines are

potentially being developed.

These should include cultural

considerations for this issue.

HIE promotion manual developed

Update capacity mapping and

see if NGOs in the 3 districts

are represented and get more

details on their WASH work

36

8.6 Information Management

Responsibility: UNICEF (as cluster lead), MoUD, DWSS

Objective: To ensure maximum efficient and efficacy of the WASH cluster and that all interventions under WASH are coordinated.

Activity Timeframe Responsibility Preparedness

Action

Preparedness

timeline

Status

1 Coordination, Communication and information sharing

with other WASH members to ensure that water and

sanitation facilities are in place through CCCM and

WASH meeting/email/internet/phone calls and other

possible means

72 hours All clusters Maintain updated

list of WASH and

other cluster

roster

Continuous WC has developed Communication tree for

accountability of cluster members/focal person

2 In first instance, hire of dedicated IM focal point (based

centrally)

7 days WCC/UNICEF+

Humanitarian

NGOs

3 WASH to participate in inter-agency rapid assessment

(IRA), as well as WASH comprehensive assessment

(CAT). All cluster members to be involved in

assessments, coordinated through WCC.

7days UNICEF, All

cluster

Send CAT to

cluster members

to familiarize with

formats.

MIRA, Detailed Assessment tool of WASH in process of

finalization

4 Dissemination and compilation of assessment info

through email and cluster meeting, dissemination of

gap analysis and needs

7 days WCC/IM focal

point

Development of

gap

analysis/agency

reporting matrix

5 Organize regular data collection system and posting of

information through a HIC. Identify clear IM focal

points (i.e. 1 per district which could be WASH cluster

lead) and frequently of updating formats.

7 days WCC/IM focal

point

37

6 IM central focal point to develop mapping of needs

based on monitoring using CAT. Preferred that

monitoring is dedicated in key areas depending on

level of destruction.

7 days WCC/IM focal

point

7 Based on gaps to ensure that technical practice

guidelines are available to implementing agencies

7 days WCC/IM focal

point

8.7 Monitoring and Evaluation

Responsibility: All Cluster members including DWSS/WSSDO in coordination with WASH Cluster Members

Objective: To ensure standard and quality service delivery by cluster member for WASH response

WASH Cluster will use the following basic information/ indicators for monitoring of the clusters performance while conducting the response. This will further

ensure to have a standardized and quality response among the cluster members.

WASH

Proposed indicator Disaggregation Source/method Guidance Notes

# and % of population with access to 15 L of clean water per person per day (camp setting, need separate for partially damaged setting )

Geographic Implementing partners/ cluster member reports, routine monitoring

Numerator = # of affected people accessing quantified amount of clean water (as per SPHERE guidance note and standards) Denominator = # of people affected and displaced by an act of emergency

# and % of people [disaggregated by sex and children) with access to appropriately designed gender, disabled and child friendly toilets (camp setting, need separate for partially damaged setting)

Geographic, sex Implementing partners/ cluster member reports

Numerator = # of affected people accessing appropriately designed toilets separate for men and women (as per SPHERE guidance note and standards) Denominator = # of people affected and displaced by an act of emergency

# and % of children in school/learning programs with access to 1-2 L of water per child per day (for drinking and hand washing)

Geographic Implementing partners/ cluster member reports, routine monitoring, education response report

Numerator = # of children accessing quantified amount of clean water in the learning space Denominator = # of children affected by an act of emergency attending a temporary learning programme

# and % of children (male and female) with access to appropriately designed toilets at s chools/learning

Geographic, sex Implementing partners/ cluster member reports, routine monitoring, education response report

Numerator = # of children (disaggregated by sex) accessing appropriately designed toilet in the learning space Denominator = # of children affected by an act of emergency attending a temporary learning programme

# and % of children (male and female) with access to hand Geographic, sex Numerator = # of children (disaggregated by sex) accessing hand

38

washing facilities with soap at schools/learning spaces washing facilities with soap in learning spaces Denominator = # of children affected by an act of emergency attending a temporary learning programme

# and % of camps and partially damaged area with solid waste management plan and facilities in place

Geographic Implementing partners/ cluster member reports

Numerator = # of camps/partially damaged areas with SWM facilities Denominator = # of camps/ partially damaged areas

# and % of camps and partially damaged area with drinking water facilities in institutions like hospitals/ health camps

Geographic, sex Implementing partners/ cluster member reports, routine monitoring

Numerator = # of affected people accessing quantified amount of clean water (as per SPHERE guidance note and standards) Denominator = # of people affected and displaced by an act of emergency and coming to the institutions

# and % of camps and partially damaged area with sanitation and hygiene facilities in institutions like hospitals/ health camps

Geographic, sex Implementing partners/ cluster member reports, routine monitoring

Numerator = # of affected people accessing quantified amount of sanitation facilities (as per SPHERE guidance note and standards) Denominator = # of people affected and displaced by an act of emergency and coming to the institutions

39

WASH Cluster- Agency Capacity Outline- 2013

Agency Capacity ( No of staffs for emergency,

resources, fund that could be immediately

mobilized) and Activities

Surge arrangements Planned Activities Stockpiles District presence (Name of

districts)

MoUD Has Disaster management Unit; Cluster

Coordinator of WASH is under the Joint

Secretary of Water and Sanitation Division who

is also the focal person for WASH response for

MoUD; No MoUD fund however could request

for national fund allocation for WASH

response; 4 MoUD staffs trained on WASH in

emergencies

MoUD works with its

implementation divisions like

DWSS, KUKL, KVWSMB for

response; as the lead Govt

agency it could request for surge

capacity through donors/partners

in WASH

Capacity building of currents

staffs on WASH in

emergencies; CCA/DRM

program section in formation

under DWSS

None; only through

DWSS at the moment

It is the central Govt. for WASH

response and policy level

decision making; present

through its 75 WSSDOs under

DWSS

KVWSMB 2 staff are allocated for the WASH activities.

NRs 5 lakh is allocated for emergency. It will

be increase after approve by Board .

KVWSMB works with its operator (

KUKL,) for emergency response

Will be involved in all

emergency aspects for

Wash Component.

Not yet but have 17

tankers that can be

mobilized during

emergencies.

Kathmandu Valley ( Lalitpur,

Bhaktapur, Kathmandu)

KUKL No person specially assigned for WASH

response however all branch managers and

takers sections are ready to work during

emergency. We have 6 tanker filling stations at

Mahankalchaur,Bansbari, Shaibu, Minbhawan,

Sundarighat and Sallaghari Bhaktapur.

Currently limited capacity Capacity building of currents

staffs on WASH in

Emergencies

Kathmandu Valley

DWSS 30 trained staff on different disciplines of

WASH in emergencies, 56 district DEs trained

on DRM ; all 75 district WSSDO have

emergency focal person; NRS-200000

current limited capacity Will be involved in all aspects near future in this FY Kathmandu

DWSS-

WSSDOs

All 75 district WSSDO have emergency focal

person; No response fund, but could mobilize

from central DWSS fund; 36 high risk district

have seed fund to initiate immediate or conduct

current limited capacity; WSSDO

team of 75 districts could be

mobilized for response

36 high risk district reviewing

DPRP

Emergency hub defined

in 5 regions and have

basic stockpiles for

water supply repair and

All 75 districts

40

preparedness activities maintenance (Dhangadi,

Nepalgunj, Kathmandu,

Ithari, Bardibas)- these

include pipe fittings,

water tanks and water

purification solutions

UNICEF WASH section has 2 staff (WASH Cluster

Coordinator and WASH Officer) currently

addressing emergency WASH ; There are 2

senior staff directly working at central and field

level who come on board immediately in

emergencies. UNICEF has $ 250,000 as

immediate response fund that could channeled

by Country Representative; 3 regional WASH

officers and 3 emergency focal persons in

Nepalgunj, Biratnagar and Bharatpur; it also

has a separate Emergency unit that could

support in immediate response ; Program

Cooperation Agreement (PCA) with NRCS has

special commitment on WASH in emergencies

Will ensure WASH Cluster

Coordinator coverage and bring in

additional WASH staff as

necessary through the regional

and global team;

Will be involved in all aspects

; currently involved in

capacity building of cluster

members and government

line agencies; MoU with other

partners for emergency

response; LTA with stockpile

suppliers

15,000 families in

country (stockpiles for

5,000 families in

Kathmandu -2000,

Biratnagar-1000,

Bharatpur-1000 and

Nepalgunj-1000)

available at all times.

This includes Hygiene

kits, water purification

tablets, sanitation

facilities and hygiene

promotion items; LTAs

with vendors of HK and

hygiene items; water

purification solutions

21 WASH focus districts but

mandated for all districts under

Core Commitment for Children

Save the

Children

SC has Emergency theme work for

preparedness and response of any disaster

including WASH. It has well trained response

national team of 100 person including WASH. It

has also international response team in case of

larger scale disaster.

It has ready to deploy emergency

response fund (USD 4,000,000) in

headquarter that can be deployed

in any declared emergency.

Standby team in Singapore with

30 experts

SC currently has a sub office in

each five regions with stand by

logistic team for response.

Increase stock pile to 5000

family.

3200 hygiene kit

including plastic bucket

and mug

Present in 56 districts.

Regional offices- Biratnagar,

Kathmandu, Rupandehi,

Banke and Kailali. Response

deployment possible in all 75

districts

41

NRCS +

IFRC

Had preliminary meeting with IFRC to address

response plans and currently building capacity

for early response. Normal programme is in

hygiene promotion (preventive aspect) through

community development department and youth

department, could potentially could work on the

hygiene department.

Will cover some early emergency phase of

water, would involve in distribution of WASH

NFRIs (e.g. chlorine, tablets etc.) but at the

moment no large stockpiles

NRCS and IFRC present

No programme in Kathmandu

valley, but building human

resources, a training programme

is planned. Under the

humanitarian ground NRCS will be

first responder even for

Kathmandu valley

Potentially would work in all

areas

10,000 families capacity

centrally in Kathmandu

available at all times

includes hygiene kit and

buckets; stock includes

Water purification

equipment-4; Tap

stand=18;PH tester : 9;

Conductivity tester = 6;

Pool tester=9; Del Aqua

testing kit=6;Potakit

chemical testing= 4;Low

flow water

;dispenser=4000;Bladde

r tank 10 cum=4;Bladder

tank 5 cum= 6; CGI tank

10 cum= 1;Squatting

plate with pan= 200

Present in all 75 districts

10,000 families in outside

Kathmandu in eastern and

mid-western regions. Other

regions are in priority for

capacity building

DOLIDAR DOLIDAR has its District office/District

Technical Office in all 75 districts that could

be deployed together with District team for

immediate WASH response

WHO One NPO is working for Emergency and one

NPO for WASH activities. Capacity for water

borne Disease surveillance and provides

support to Department of Health Services to

conduct such surveillances WHO has $

350,000 as immediate response fund that

could channelled by Country office for any

kind disaster ; 15 surveillance medical officers

(SMOs) and vehicle at field

Can provide technical support

related to water quality. Can

Mobilised regional or Headquarter

support for WASH experts if

needed

WASH at emergency will be

incorporated in water safety

plan (WSP), the activity that

is being developed with WHO

support

Chlorine Tablet for

5200000 L Water;

Support through Department of

Health services to all districts

as per need .Can be mobilize 4

SMOs/vehicle from national

level in any emergencies

Oxfam

- Trained human resources: Oxfam (PHEs-4, PHPs-2 )and HR from Partners – 31

- - - In the case of mega-disaster,

Oxfam will divert its human resources (72 central office and

)

- WASH facilities and WASH plan development in TU and NARC IDP sites

- - - - TU and NARC- Water

storage and

42

- Availability of GBP 10,000 from the CAT fund which need to be authorized by CPM/CD and up to 50K by RHCs within 48 hours of Cat 3 disaster

- Experiences on emergency WASH, Planning and Managing Humanitarian response, health and hygiene promotion in emergencies, water quality testing, KAP survey/need assessment

field staff) for emergency response.

- In a total 600 trained volunteers can be mobilized in Kathmandu Valley for disaster response

- Oxfam has identified ENPHO as a strategic partner for WASH response

Surge will be provided by both

regional center and HQ for Cat 1

and 2 disaster

(completed)

- GIS based mapping of WASH vendors, water sources, stockpiling materials (completed)

- Long term stand- by

agreement with WASH service providers in KTM valley (study completed and potential vendors identified)

- Development of E-WASH

plan of 9 health facilities ( HP & SHP) and 2 hospitals in Kathmandu Valley including stockpiling of WASH items

- Development of

emergency heath and WASH plan in Imadole VDC and Kirtipur Municipality

Training to 107 volunteers in

Imadole and Kirtipur on

EWASH and 118 volunteers

on managing mass casualty

incident (MCI)

distribution equipments for 100,000 population, WASH items for 25,000 population

- Teku / Pulchowk- Bladder storage tanks, tap stand parts etc for 76,000 populations, latrine slabs with tarpaulin sheets/tools for 20,000 population

- Teaching hospital – Establishment of independent secure water supply system with emergency water supply response plan and fuel back up with stockpile of water supply materials for 15,000 population

Hygiene kit for 1,200

HHs in Dhanusa,

Sarlahi, Rautahat,

Saptari, Kailali,

Kanchanpur,

Dadeldhura

Through partners: Darchula,

Baitadi, Dadeldhura,

kanchanpur, kailali, Dailekh,

Surkhet, Bardiya, Banke,

Arghakhachi, Kapilbastu,

Nawalparasi, Kathmandu,

Lalitpur, Rautahat, Sarlahi,

Dhanusha, Udayapur and

Saptari.

Oxfam Offices: Surkhet,

Dadeldhura, Kailali,

Kathmandu

Care

NGO

Forum

Developmental NGO, rather than emergency.

Capacity across members not ascertained.

Active in cholera response in 2007

It has wide level of volunteers who

could be mobilized of WASH

promotion

Kathmandu , Lalitpur,

Bhaktapur

43

NEWAH 4 offices, 115 staff, work in 9 districts

Limited emergency experience but have been

involved in floods, fire and diarrhoeal

outbreak response work

None- however, the current staffs

could be mobilized in any part of

the country for support/ response

Doti, Surkhet, Baglung,

Gorkha, Chitwan , Sindhuli,

Siraha, Udyapur and Morang

WVI Presence across Nepal. Have distributed

WASH NFIs in flood . WVIN has allocated

budget of USD 250,000 for immediate relief

response (be it WASH or other sector) as per

need.

Regional relief office in Singapore,

along with regional redeployment

mechanism from other countries

and global capacity from US. DM

plan has provision for mobilization

of 30 people within the country

Water distribution, sanitation(

toilet) and hygiene

No stockpile at present

but has roaster of

supplies

Udayapur,Morang,Sunsari,

Sindhuli, Kathmandu

valley,Kaski, Butwal, Lamjung,

Kailai, Doti, Accham, Jumla

KIRDARC

ENPHO Currently 7 technical staffs and 10 trainers (

17) 12 staffs are working in sector of UDRM,

working on IDP campsite at NARC and 11

Health Institutions in Kathmandu, Lalitpur and

Bhaktapur

None- but working with Oxfam on

UDRM and DIPECHO

EWASH Plan at Health

institutions; working on 14

school , 7 wards and 11

health facilities on WASH

preparedness including

stockpiles

10000 units of chlorine solution in form of PIYUSH, FRC Test kit ,Arsenic Test Kit ,Coliform P/A vial ,Water Quality Test kit to test 10 parameters

Kathmandu Valley, Surkhet

Valley

DEPROSC Currently 19 staffs around Kathmandu for

emergency, has its own network in 17 districts

Working out, also working with

Oxfam

Capacity building taking

place

Not available Kathmandu, Nuwakot,

Rasuwa, Dhading, Lalitpur,

Bhaktapur, Makwanpur, Bara,

Parsa, Rauthat, Sarlahi,

Dhanusha, Jhapa, Morang,

Sunsari, Rukum, Dolpa

44

UN Habitat Mandated for early recovery phase and

resettlement phase but requires involvement

during rapid response to reduce the gap

between these phases and can mobilize pool

of volunteers during rapid response and

experts for initial assessment

Coordinate to mobilize pool of

volunteers and expert support

Would potentially support

through purchase and

distribution of household

water treatment (POU)

options, building of temporary

toilets provide technical

support for planning and

arrangement

Not available Bajura, Bardiya, Arghkhanchi,

Sindhupalchowk, Bhaktapur,

Bara, Parsa,Sarlahi,Dhanusa,

Mahottari, rautahat, Siraha,

Saptari,Dolakha,and Sunsari

Plan Nepal Have 5 WASH staff beside other more than

100 district based, frontline staff and GO Team

members that can be deployed during

emergencies. Out of these 35 Plan staff can be

deployed in WASH situation assessment and

as volunteers for hygiene promotion. About 30

staff from partner NGOs/CBOs can also be

deployed as volunteers for hygiene promotion.

Emergency fund (25,000 Euro) at Country

Office, 1 million Euro at Asia regional office,

Bangkok and 3 million Euro at International

Headquarter, Woking, UK are available that

could be mobilized immediately. Activities are

child centred and community based DRR and

preparedness.

Asia regional office in Bangkok,

International Head Quarter in UK

and other Plan countries in Asia

including Plan India and other

regions can deploy members from

the GO Team immediately during

mega disasters

Will work mainly in working

districts but can go to any

district depending upon the

scale and needs. Will work

mainly on health, WASH,

shelter, education and

protection and ready to eat

food items.

Currently very limited

stockpiles in Hetauda,

Biratnagar and

Nepalgunj mainly of

hygiene, education and

shelter kits. The hygiene

kits in stock are enough

for 400 families. Has

plan to scale-up in other

districts including

Kathmandu and the

increase the volume of

stockpiles.

LTA is under process

with suppliers in India

and Nepal for supply

and delivery of hygiene,

education and shelter

kits during emergencies.

Stockpiling the kits in

Kathmandu considering

earthquake disaster is

also under process.

Core program districts are

Bardiya, Banke, Makwanpur,

Sindhuli, Rautahat, Sunsari

and Morang. Other project

districts are Kailali,

Kanchanpur, Dang, Baglung,

Parbat and Myagdi.

LWF Some preparedness in Terai and far west

(floods) including public health training, pre-

positioning of handpumps, training of VIP toilet

to CBOs. WatSan support to Bhutanese

Regional emergency team ( Asia)

rapid support team ( International)

can be mobilized in case of mega

All areas: Sanitation, hygiene

promotion (including WASH

NFI distribution, Water

Keeps very small

contingency stock until

procurement starts after

an emergency. NFRI kit

Jhapa, Morang, Saptari,

Sunsari, Lalitpur, Rasuwa,

Dailekh, Bardiya, Kailali,

Kanchanpur, Doti, Baitadi,

45

refugees in east. disaster Guard, hygiene kits) stockpiled: 260 families

centrally, 130 in east,

130 in west)

Dadeldhura, Darchula,

Bhajang, Bajura

46

Focal Person and Second Person in Contact

Organization Name Contact

Address

Office Phone Mobile Email Second person in contact

MoUD- Joint

Secretary

Ram Chandra Devkota MoUD 01-4211651 9851195044

DWSS- DG Ram Deep Shah DWSS 01-4413744 9851056632 dgdwss@gmail.com

ishworipaudyal@hotmail.com

DDG Jyoti K shrestha

(4417609,9741083766)

Chief DRm

Program

Rajit Ojha DWSS 01-4006634 9851144920 itsmerahit@gmail.com

DOLIDAR Lok Nath Regmi DOLIDAR 9846156597 Lok.reg@gmail.com

KVWSMB Bal Bahadur Thakurathi KVWSMB

,Jwagal

9849124056 thakurathi.bal@gmail.com

KVWSMB Shivaraj Pathak KVWSMB

,Jwagal

9851106149 Shivaraj_pathak@hotmail.com

NWSC Dr. Bhupendra Prasad 9841331675

KUKL Bijaya Man Shrestha 9851121523 bijayams@hotmail.com

KUKL Kishore Shakya 9840093107

47

Oxfam Biju Dangol Hyumat-12,

Kathmandu

5530574,

5542881

9851148012 bdangol@oxfam.org.uk

Vijay raj Pant vpant@oxfam.org.uk 9851147952

Save the

Children

Dhruba Devkota 4468128 9851007816 Dhruba.Devkota@savethechildre

n.org

LWF GopalDahal GPO Box 3330

House No

217, Chundevi

Marg-

4, Maharajgu

nj

Kathmandu,

Nepal

Tel: 4720217,

4720152,

4721271

Fax: +977-1-

4720225, E-

mail: mail@lwf.

org.np

9851016527 tl@lwf.org.np , dahalg@

gmail.com

Suvash Gurung

(Email- sldc@lwf.org.np

(Cell no- 9841351172)

Plan Nabin Pradhan 9841226807 Nabin.pradhan@plan-

international.orgmailto:Nabin.pra

dhan@plan-international.org

mailto:Nabin.pradhan@plan-

international.org

World Vision Surendra Dhakal 9841774353 bshresth9@hotmail.com Bimal Ghimire ( 9841-151089 ,

5541877)

WHO Dr Sudan Raj Panthi 9801010016 panthis@searo.who.int

WHO Damodar Adhikari 9851100192 AdhikariD@searo.who.int

UNICEF Arinita M Shrestha Sanepa

Lalitpur; Office

Un house

Pulchowk

01-5523200 9841-410991 amaskeyshrestha@unicef.org

Madhav Pahari

mpahari@unicef.org ; 9851010970

48

UNICEF Anu GautamPaudyal Un- House,

Pulchowk

01-5523200 9851121767 apgautam@unicef.org Arinita Maskey Shrestha

UN/HC-

RC/OCHA

Ram P Luitel Un- House,

Pulchowk

01-5523200 9851072938 Ram Luetel <luetel@un.org>

UN Habitat Sudha Shrestha Off: Pulchowk

Lalitpur

Res: Sanepa,

Lalitput

5542816 9851064284 sudha.shrestha@unhabitat.org.n

p

Rajesh Manandhar (9851035762 /

rajesh.manandhar@unhabitat.org.n

p)

NEWAH Himalaya Panthi Office: Lohasal

Kathmandu

Res: Dhapasi 9,

kathmandu

01- 4015707 9851117825 himalaya@newah.org.np Santosh Basnet

santosh@newah.org.np

9849422800

Nepal Red

Cross Society

Amar Mani Poudyal Soaltee Road 9841397189 amar.poudel@nrcs.org

Nepal Red

Cross Society

Pitamber Aryal ( Disaster

Mgt Section)

Soaltee Road 4272761 9851105681 pitambar.aryal@nrcs.org,

NGO Forum Prajwol Shrestha 4216606 9841-523689 info@ngoforum.net

DEPROSC Rajendra Shrestha 9741230820 rshrestha.deprosc@gmail.com

SAPROSC

49

ENPHO Bipin Dongol 4468641 /

4493188

9841-251573

prajwal.shrestha@enpho.org Dr. Suman Shakya

suman.shakya@enpho.org

9851144360

Annex. 2 WASH Cluster Communication Tree

In case of large scale disaster where communication system is shut down, the cluster will

use the following mechanism of communication to account for their cluster member and to

start the coordination and response role. Each agency under each group will communicate

with each and the top agencies in the group e.g ENPHO will communicate with UNICEF.

Similary for Government agencies it (DWSS and DOLIDAR) will communicate with MoUD.

Cluster lead and UNCIEF Co-lead will with each to account for the member agencies focal

persons. This is to reduce the communication traffic but also to use it as a medium to have

physical accountability to cluster members.

WASH Cluster Communication Tree

Multi-Cluster Initial Rapid Assessment (MIRA) -Nepal

for Multi-Hazards Scenarios as of December 2013

(This assessment should be carried out and led by the District Disaster Relief Committee. The questionnaires from one to four should be filled at district HQ in consultation with DDRC including key stakeholders. These information are supposed to be mentioned in the District Disaster Preparedness and Response Plan).

1. Assessment Team Information

1.1 Organizations participating: 1.2 Date of assessment

From: To:

1.3 Name of Team Leader: 1.4 Contact Details:

2. Geographic Information (following preliminary information is to be filled in consultation with DDRC/key stakeholders before going to

assessment at district HQ level. Randomly select most affected ward for focus group discussion. Note that one MIRA questionnaire represents one

ward).

2.1 Name of the District visited: 2.2 Name of the VDC/Municipality being assessed:

2.3 Ward number being assessed: 2.4 GPS or P-Code of the sampled VDC:

2.5 Altitude of the ward assessed:

2.6 Latitude of the ward

assessed:

2.7 Longitude of the ward

assessed:

2.8.Type of Hazard/Disasters (Tick appropriate only) :

2.8.1 Flood 2.8.2 Epidemic 2.8.3 Drought 2.8.4 Earthquake

2.8.5 Landslide 2.8.6 Fire 2.8.7 Hailstorm 2.8.8 Others

2.9 Mark the VDC that is being assessed by the assessment team using following categories in the district map which is

the perception of DDRC including key stakeholders at District HQ level before going to the actual field assessment:

2.9.1 Worst affected VDC/Municipality (Highest impact) 2.9.2 Highly affected VDC/Municipality (High impact) 2.9.3 Moderately affected VDC/Municipality (Moderate impact) 2.9.4 Lightly affected VDC/Municipality (Light impact) 2.9.5 Not affected VDC/Municipality (No impact)

2.10 On the same map, indicate which of the affected VDCs/wards cannot be reached by vehicle:

2.11 On the same map, indicate major concentrations of the Internally displaced persons

2.12 On the same map, indicate critical transportation infrastructural damage (roads, bridges, airports)

2.13 On the same map, indicate potential security threats (dacoit, other groups, …)

2.15 Distance of the most affected VDCs/wards from the DHQs (walking hours: ……………. Driving hours ……………….)

1

3. District Level data to be considered (Collect Information from DPHO)

3.1 Functioning health facilities in the DISTRICT

Type of facility

Buildings Adequate staff Accessibility

Total # of

health facilities

Total # of affected health

facilities

Yes No Yes No

3.1.1 Sub Health Post

3.1.2 Health Post

3.1.3 Primary Health Care

3.1.4 Hospital

Note: The questionnaires from four to fifteen are about cluster specific information and should be filled from affected wards

through focused group discussion and interview with key relevant stakeholders.

4. Population Data (Ward Level Information collected at the time of field assessment)

4.1 Total population of the assessed ward

4.2 Total number of people affected in general

4.3 Total Number of household with no shelter due to disasters

4.4 Number of female headed households

4.5 Number of Pregnant women / Lactating mother

4.6 Number of people highly affected Female Male Children < 5 yrs Total

4.6.1 # of people dead due to the disaster

4.6.2 # of people Injured due to the disaster

4.6.3 # of people missing due to the disaster

4.7 Affected groups or Vulnerable groups Female Male Total

4.7.1 Unaccompanied elders >60 years of age

4.7.2 Unaccompanied minors ( < 18 years of age)

4.7.3 Severely ill / Disabled

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5. Shelter and NFI

5.1 Total number of houses in the assessed ward:

5.2 What is the level of housing damage (HH number)?

5.2.1 Total number of houses destroyed (no further use)

5.2.2 Total number of house severely damaged (unsafe for immediate settlement)

5.2.3 Total number of houses moderately damaged (safe for settlement with minor

repair)

5.3 Are community shelter facilities with water and sanitation provisions available?

5.3.1 Yes 5.3.2 No

5.4 If yes, available public buildings within or around the affected wards with the capacity

to accommodate the affected people (for shelter purpose):

Number of

people can be

accommodated

5.4.1 Public buildings (capacity to accommodate number of people)

5.4.2 Host families (capacity to accommodate number of people)

5.4.3 Other (capacity to accommodate number of people)

5.5 What are the most likely immediate NFI needs of the affected people (with estimated quantity at ward

level):

Items Estimated Quantity

5.5.1 Tarpaulin

5.5.2 Blankets

5.4.1 Cooking Utensils

5.4.2 Clothing/mattress

5.4.3 NFRI Kit

5.4.4 Emergency Shelter kit

5.4.5 Others (specify):

5.6 Availability of shelter framing materials locally? 5.6.1 Bamboo Yes /No 5.6.2 Wood Yes /No 5.6.3 Others (specify):

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Narrative:

6. Household Food Security

6.1 What percentage of households lost percentage of their food stocks? (e.g. 40% of households lost 100%)

Percentage of food stock lost Corresponding percentage of the Households

6.1.1 Up to 25% loss of food stock

6.1.2 Up to 50% loss of food stock

6.1.3 Up to 75% loss of food stock

6.1.4 Up to 100% loss of food stock

6.2 Does the community have access to fuel for cooking purposes?

6.2.1 Yes , if yes what type of fuel used

6.2.1.1 Firewood

6.2.1.2 Charcoal

6.2.1.3 Kerosene

6.2.1.4 Gas

6.2.1.5 Others

6.2.2 No

6.3 Who are the most vulnerable group of people

to food insecurity?

6.3.1 Children

6.3.2 Female headed households

6.3.3 Elderly headed households

6.3.4 The disabled/severely ill

6.3.5 Others (Specify)………………

6.4 Are markets/nearby markets accessible and functioning?

6.4.1 Yes 6.4.2 No

If yes, what is the distance/ If no, what is the reason (describe)?

6.5 What is the loss related to livestock? Estimated Number

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6.5.1 Cattle:

6.5.2 Buffalo:

6.5.3 Goats/sheep:

6.5.4 Pigs:

6.5.5 Poultry:

6.5.6 Animal shelter:

6.6 Possibility of any disease outbreak? 6.6.1 Yes 6.6.2 No

7. WASH

7.1 Water Supply

7.1.1 What percentage of the affected people has access to clean drinking water?

(15 liters/person/day)

……..%age

7.1.2 Primary water sources (Tick applicable only):

7.1.2.1 Open Well/Dug well

7.1.2.2 Tube Well/Hand pump

7.1.2.3 Spring

7.1.2.4 Pond

7.1.2.5 Stream/river

7.1.2.6 Supplied by Tankers

7.1.2.7 Piped water system

7.1.2.8 Other

7.1.3 Condition of the Water Sources:

7.1.3.1 Working

7.1.3.2 Damaged (Repair required for minimum supply)

7.1.3.3 Contaminated

7.1.3.4 Destroyed

7.1.3.5 Turbid

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7.1.4 Alternate water source available?

7.1.4.1 Yes

7.1.4.2 No,

If yes,

7.1.4.1.1 Distance from affected communities……………….

7.1.4.1.2 Water Quality (clear/turbid, (cloudy)/contaminated) ………………..

7.1.4.1.3 Additional Facilities required to supply minimum quality drinking water ……………

7.1.5 Do affected families have water container with lid available at household level used for drinking water storage?

7.1.5.1 Yes 7.1.5.2 No

7.2 Sanitary and Hygiene facilities

7.2.1 What percentage of affected population has access to functioning sanitary facilities (e.g. Latrines) in

percentage (%)………………..

(Means of Verification: Interview with local government, health dept etc. Verify with community if possible

and through observation)

7.2.2 Number of family needing hygiene supplies (eg. hygiene kit required):……

8. Protection

8.1 Estimated number of displaced population?

8.2 Concentration points of displaced population (locations)

8.2.1 Number of separated or unaccompanied children 8.2.1.1 Number of Girls:……. 8.2.1.2 Number of Boys:……

8.3 Is there a registration or family tracing system in

place?

8.3.1 Yes If yes, who is doing this?

8.3.2 No

8.4 What are the primary concerns of the most vulnerable groups at present (post disaster situation)? Most vulnerable groups

Shelter/Security

Food/ water

Health/ education

Physical safety / violence including SGBV

Psychosocial support

Child labour/ trafficking

Other (e.g.) dacoits, loot, SGBV

8.4.1 Children 0-5 years 8.4.2 Children less than 6-18 yrs 8.4.3 Adolescents (19-24 yrs) 8.4.4 Older persons (above 60 yrs) 8.4.5 Persons with disabilities 8.4.6 Pregnant/lactating women 8.4.7 Other vulnerable groups

8.5 Name of the existing supporting agencies on the above protection concerns

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9. Nutrition (If possible ask Female Community Health Volunteers (FCHVs) or local Health Worker)

9.1 Number of pregnant and lactating mothers in the affected ward (copy from above)……..

9.2 Number of trained counselor on Nutrition in the affected ward ……

9.3 Number of malnourished children in the affected area/ward…………..

9.4 Is there sufficient management capacity at the local level? 9.4.2.1 Yes 9.4.2.2 No

9.5 What types and frequencies of foods are fed to infants and children under five years of age (most common first)?

Age groups Before disasters After Disasters

Types Frequencies Types Frequencies

6-11 months

12-59 months

9.6 Is there any indication of decreased/interrupted breastfeeding? Yes No

9.6.1 If yes, what are the reasons?

9.7 What are the food items fed in place of breastfeeding?

9.7.1 For the children below six months

9.7.2 For the Children between 6-24 months:

10. Health (Ask at health facilities and local communities)

10.1 Main health concerns

10.1.1 Diarrhoea

10.1.2 Eye Infections

10.1.3 Vomiting

10.1.4 Dehydration

10.1.5 Snake Bites

10.1.6 Fever

10.1.7 Cough and Fever (ARI)

10.1.8 Skin disease

10.1.9 Injuries/Trauma

10.1.10 Death of Mother and/or children following delivery

10.1.11 Psychosocial illness

10.1.12 Communicable diseases (specify)

10.1.13 Non-communicable diseases (specify)

10.2 Availability of medicines/medical supplies

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10.2.1 Medicines 10.2.2 Equipments and supplies (including stretchers): 10.2.1.1 Adequate 10.2.2.1 Adequate 10.2.1.2 Inadequate 10.2.2.2 Inadequate Specify needs: Specify needs: ___________________ ____________________

10.3 Functioning of the nearest health facilities (collected during field assessment):

Type of facility Damaged Availability of staff Accessible Power Supply Water Supply

Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No

10.3.1 Sub Health Post / Health Post

10.3.2 Primary Health Care

10.3.3 Hospital

10.3.4 Private Clinic/Nursing Home

10.4 Who provides health care in that facility (tick all applicable)?

10.4.1 Nurse

10.4.2 Doctor

10.4.3 Midwife

10.4.4 Para-medics

10.4.5 Others (specify)

10.5 Have there been any reports or rumors of any outbreaks or unusual increase in illness?

10.5.1 No ,

10.6.2 Yes (Specify)…………………………………..

10.6 Have there been reports of non-infectious agents (such biological, chemical, nuclear, radiation, poisons or toxins)?

10.6.1 No ,

10.6.2 Yes (Specify)………………………………………

11. Education

11.1: Schools affected in the ward level

Levels Number 11.2 Number of WASH Facilities affected in the school

11.2.1 Drinking water 11.2.2 Toilet

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11.1.1 ECD center

11.1.2 Basic Education (1-8 grade)

11.1.3 Higher Education ( 9-12 grade)

11.3 No. of children/ teachers affected (disaggregate by gender)

Level Children Teacher

Boys Girls Male Female

11.3.1 ECD

11.3.2 Basic (1-8 grade)

11.3.3 Higher Education (9-12 grade)

11.4 What is the condition of the affected schools in the community?

11.4.1 Number of schools destroyed (no further use)

11.4.2 Number of schools severely damaged (unsafe for immediate use)

11.4.3 Number of schools moderately damaged (safe with minor repair)

11.4.4 Number of schools Water logged but can be used sometimes later

11.5 Are schools being used for shelter or other purpose? 11.5.1 Yes 11.5.2 No

11.5.1.1 If yes, number of schools used for temporary shelter:

12. Emergency Telecommunications

12.1 What means of security telecoms and data services are available in the affected area?

Means of Communication Service Status (Yes/No) Comments

12.1.1 Radio Room Coverage 24 x 7

12.1.2 HF / VHF Radio / HAM radio

12.1.3 Satellite phone

12.1.4 Internet

12.2 What means of public communication are available?

Means of Public Communication Service Status (Yes/No) Comments

12.2.1 FM/AM Radio

12.2.2 Television

12.2.3 Mobile Phone (GSM, CDMA etc.)

12.2.4 Landline Phone

13. Logistics

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13.1 Are all affected areas accessible for humanitarian agencies? (please tick as appropriate) 13.1.1 No 13.1.2 Don’t know 13.1.3 Partially 13.1.4 Fully

Remarks: Please describe in short if affected area partially or fully accessible and attach map as appropriate

13.2 Are logistics basic services functioning immediate after disaster in the affected wards? (please tick as appropriate)

Logistics services No Don’t know Partially operational Fully operational Remarks

13.2.1 Fuel stations

13.2.2 Electricity

13.2.3 Alternative power supply

13.2.4 Road service

13.2.5 Transportation means

13.2.6 Air service

13.2.7 Others

Remarks: Please specify the possibility of emergency helicopter landing and other details if needed at separate sheet attached.

13.3 Since the disaster, what is the biggest logistics concern to the community? (please tick as appropriate)

13.3.1 Debris/rubble 13.3.2 Stagnant water

13.3.3 Landslide 13.3.4 Bridge damage/collapses

13.3.5 Non functionality of roads

13.3.6 Unavailability of fuel

13.3.7 Damage of airport runway

13.3.8 River crossing

13.3.9 Others:

Remarks: Please attach separate sheet in detail as appropriate,

13.4 What is the severity of infrastructure damage in the area? (please tick as appropriate)

Infrastructure used for service delivery Fully destroyed (no further

use)

Severely damaged

(unsafe for immediate

use)

Moderately damaged (safe

with minor repair)

No damage at all

Remarks

13.4.1 Warehouses

13.4.2 Government Buildings

13.4.3 Custom office

13.4.4 Private buildings

13.4.5 Business houses

13.4.6 Fuel stations

13.4.7 Power stations and its transmission

13.4.8 Airport

13.4.9 Helipads

13.4.10 Others…

Remark: for detail please attach separate sheet

14. Displaced Population and Camp Coordination and Camp Management (CCCM)

14.1 Estimated number of displaced people in the ward 14.1.1 Male: ...... 14.1.2 Female: .....

14.2 Disaster Affected groups or Vulnerable groups (Copy from Population Section -4) Female Male Total

14.2.1 Children under 5

14.2.2 Elderly >60 years of age

14.2.3 Person with Disability:

14.2.4 Unaccompanied minors ( < 18 years of age)

14.2.5 Severely ill / Disabled people

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14.3 Location of IDP site

14.3.1 Name of the IDP site: 14.3.2 Latitude: 14.3.3 Longitude:

14.3.4 Altitude: 14.3.5 Distance from nearest security forces (Km):

14.2 Type IDP Sites: 14.2.1 Spontaneous 14.2.2 Planned 14.2.3 Collective centre

14.3 Ownership of IDP sites: 14.3.1 Private , 14.3.2 Public , 14.3.3 Other (Specify)

14.4 Registration of Displaced Population: 14.4.1Yes 14.4.2 No

15. Existing Relief supports in the affected sites

15.1 Has the affected people received any assistance? 15.1.1 Yes 15.1.2 No

15.1.1.1 If Yes, who is providing what? 15.1.2.1 If No, are there any current plans to provide assistance?

15.2 Have all affected people informed (regularly) about the disaster and assistance/response?

15.2.1 Yes , 15.2.2 No

14.2.6 Lactating/Pregnant Mother