waste management germany - hamburg -...
TRANSCRIPT
Waste management
Germany - Hamburg
17 May 2018
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rüdiger Siechau
CEO Stadtreinigung Hamburg
Content
IFAT 2018 2
City of Hamburg
Stadtreinigung Hamburg
Waste management in Germany
Waste management in Hamburg
Waste treatment and recovery
17.05.2018
1. City of Hamburg
▪ Officially: Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg
▪ Size and population: 755 m2 / 1.8 Mio.
▪ 2. largest city, but 2. smallest of 16 federal states
▪ port city situated at the river Elbe
▪ main economic sectors: port, media, banking, tourism
▪ Livability: 18 (world ranking in 2016)
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schlandkarte-hamburg-1484726.png
http://www.clusterplattform.de/CLUSTE
R/Navigation/DE/Europa/europa.html
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1. City of Hamburg
HafenCity: inner-city extension (40% or 157ha); 6,000 apartments for approximately
14,000 residents additionally up to 45,000 workplaces
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http://www.azur.de/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Cnard_-
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2. Stadtreinigung Hamburg
▪ Public company (owner FHH) since 1994
▪ Tasks: According to SRH act / state law
▪ Waste management
▪ Energy production and distribution
▪ Cleaning (streets, sidewalks, parks …)
▪ Winter service and public toilettes
▪ Financing: ~ 380 Mio. € / a from fees, refunds
(FHH) and other charges
▪ Employees: ~ 3,100 (3,500 in SRH-group)
▪ Vehicles: ~ 900 (own truck service stations)
▪ 30 company sites (incl. subsidiaries)
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Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg
755 km² with 1.8 Mio. inhabitants in 930,000
households
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2. Stadtreinigung Hamburg
6
In the past
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2. Stadtreinigung Hamburg
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Today
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2. Stadtreinigung Hamburg
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Source: http://www.themountainherald.com/story/36554/cleaning-robots-
market-size-is-expected-to-grow-to-26-billion-by-2020-radiant-insights.html
Future
3. Waste management Developement
IFAT 2018 9
1999
X1972
Waste Disposal
Law
1996
Circular
Economy Act /
Waste Law
(KrW-/AbfG)
1991
Packaging
ordinance
(VerpackV)~ 50.000
landfills
1950er 2015 2018 ff.2012
Circular Economy Act
(Kreislaufwirtschafts-G)
1. Abfallvermeidung
2. Vorbereitung zur Wiederverwendung
3. Recycling
5. Beseitigung
4. Sonstige Verwertung z.B. energetisch; Verfüllung
1896 1973 1994 2011 2014
ZRE
2007
Paris
CEP
EU-waste framework directive 2008
Bützberg2008 / 2011
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3. Waste management EU and Germany
German legislation
▪ Closed Cycle Management Act
▪ 5-step waste hierarchy:
1. Prevention of waste
2. Preparing for re-use
3. Recycling
4. Other recovery, e.g. energy recovery
5. Disposal
▪ By 2015: Separate collection (biowaste, metals,
plastics, paper, glass)
▪ By 2020: Quotas for recycling (e.g. 65 %
recycling of MSW)
▪ Various ordinances (landfilling, biowaste, batteries, packaging, etc.)
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Circular Economy Act
(Kreislaufwirtschafts-G)
1. Prevention
2. Preparing for re-use
3. Recycling
4. Other recovery,
e.g. energy recovery
5. Disposal
EU recycling targets (CEP):
▪ 60% of municipal waste by
2030
▪ 75% of packaging waste by
2030
▪ reduce landfill to max. 10% of
all waste by 2035
German legislation is already
more stringent than current
European Waste Framework
Directive
3. Waste management Responsibilities in Germany
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municipality / public waste disposal facility
örE (öffentlich-rechtlicher Entsorgungsträger)
In competition: waste management
companies (private & public)
Waste from households Commercial waste
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3. Waste managementHamburg
12
Innovative, forward-thinking waste management
▪ Separate collection and recycling:
4-bin-system for all households:
bio, paper, packaging / plastics, residuals
▪ Bring system for various fractions:
13 receipt stations, 1,000 public sites containers,
marketing structure for valuable materials
▪ Reuse:
3 secondhand shops „Stilbruch“
(furniture, books, cloths, e-devices, …)
▪ Big industrial treatment plants:
▪ Incineration, fermentation, sorting, …
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▪ Collection per year:
✓720,000 t in total from 900,000 households
✓460,000 t residuals
✓ 65,000 t biowaste
✓ 60,000 t paper / carboard
✓ 16,000 t bulky
✓ 6,000 t recyclables
✓ 6,000 t leaves
▪ Bring system collection per year:
✓ 20,000 t used paper
✓100,000 t receipt stations, incl. 2,500 t hazardous waste
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3. Waste managementHamburg
3. Waste managementHamburg
▪ Electricity: 163 GWh
▪ Thermal energy: 1.3 TWh
▪ Biogas: 13 GWh
▪ Electricity: 85,000 households
▪ Heat: 141,000 households
▪ Reuse: 400,000 pieces
▪ Substantial recovery (incl. slags): 480,000 t (quota 99 %)
▪ CO2 savings ~ 710.000 t
MVB: 100 MW / 20 MWel (Line 3) MVR: steam + electricity ZRE: 60 MW / 15 MWel
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Figures from 2016
15
Fee structure:
▪ Basic fee + bin size fee + service / transport fee
▪ 4-bin system:
✓ residuals from households
✓ biowaste
✓ paper, no extra fee
✓ packaging and plastics, no extra fee
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3. Waste managementHamburg
Example:
Basic fee 6,76 €
Residual bin, 80 l (weekly) 14,20 €
Transport 3,40 €
Biowaste bin, 80 l (2 x / m) 1,61 €
Paper bin, 240 l 0,00 €
Total per month 25,97 €
4. Waste treatment and recovery
Different ways to recover energy – suitable process for each waste fraction
IFAT 2018 16
Processing
Pretreatment
Sorting
Mixing
Waste wood
Green waste
Biowaste („green bin“)
Waste from kitchen /
Food waste
Residual waste
Bulky waste
Residuals from sorting
plants (plastics etc.)
Leafs
…
Incineration Incineration process and plant technology
are adapted to input material e.g. waste
incineration, wood incineration,
RDF incineration, co-incineration or pellet
incineration
FermentationProcesses and plant technology are
adapted to input material e.g. wet
fermentation for kitchen / food waste or dry
fermentation for “normal” biowaste
Other technologies in progresse.g. gasification of leafs or wood
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4. Waste treatment and recovery
▪ Long-term guarantee of safe disposal and contribution to energy transition in Hamburg
▪ Waste treatment (thermal / biological) in large plants with climate-friendly energy
production and use of residual materials
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Waste treatment
plants
Borsigstraße
and
Rugenberger
Damm
Bützberg - plant for:
biogas and composting:
triple - strategy
(gas, storage-grid, compost)
Demolition of WtE plant.
ZRE (Centre of resources
and energy) comming up
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4. Waste treatment and recoveryCentre for Resource and Energy
▪ Processes: sorting, drying, fermentation, composting, energy production
▪ Area: ~ 40.000 m2
▪ Waste input in total: ~ 320.000 t/a
▪ Energy production: 60 MW thermal / 15 MW electrical
▪ Investment volume : 235 Mio. € (netto)
▪ New jobs: ~ 100
▪ Initial operation: end of 2022 expected
▪ Running time: more than 20 years
▪ Implementation: ZRE GmbH (SRH 100 %)
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Quelle: Gottlieb Paludan Architects
4. Waste treatment and recoveryCentre for Resource and Energy
5. Main challenges of waste management
▪ High waste volume despite separation successes (i.e. packaging waste)
▪ Throw-away society, take-away society
▪ Waste is often no priority, not for urban planners, not for architects, not for
citizens, not for producers
▪ Continued use of incinerator bottom
ashes after incineration (20%)
▪ Plastic recycling
closed Chinese market
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IFAT 2018 2117.05.2018