WASTED FOOD IN THE US: SOURCES, AMOUNTS AND

ESTIMATION METHODOLOGIES Presented by:

Pradeep Jain, Shrawan Singh, James Wally, Tim Townsend Innovative Waste Consulting Services, LLC

Overview

• Current Estimates

• Wasted Food Generation Sectors

• Data Sources

• Methodologies

• Results

Recycling Rates of Materials in Florida

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Rec

yclin

g R

ate

(%)

Discarded MSW Composition

Glass 5% Metals

9%

Plastics 18%

Rubber and Leather

4% Textiles

8% Wood

8%

Yard Trimmings 8%

Paper and Paperboard

15%

Food 21%

Miscellaneous 4%

US EPA (2015). Advancing Sustainable Materials Management: 2013 Fact Sheet. http://www3.epa.gov/epawaste/nonhaz/municipal/pubs/2013_advncng_smm_fs.pdf. Accessed 13 October 2015

Generation Rate (million tons per year)

Discarded (million tons per year)

US 37 35

Florida 2.2 2

Wasted Food Sources

112320 Broilers and Other Meat Type Chicken Production

112330 Turkey Production

112930 Fur-Bearing Animal and Rabbit Production

311111 Dog and Cat Food Manufacturing

311119 Other Animal Food Manufacturing

311221 Wet Corn Milling

311224 Soybean and Other Oilseed Processing

311225 Fats and Oils Refining and Blending

311230 Breakfast Cereal Manufacturing

424410 General Line Grocery Merchant Wholesalers

424420 Packaged Frozen Food Merchant Wholesalers

424430 Dairy Product (except Dried or Canned) Merchant Wholesalers

424440 Poultry and Poultry Product Merchant Wholesalers

424450 Confectionery Merchant Wholesalers

Industrial/commercial establishments from 84 unique NAICS codes were identified as sources of wasted food

Waste Food Generation Sectors 1. Food manufacturers and processors (e.g., bakeries, cereal

manufacturing)

2. Food wholesalers and distributors (e.g., grocery stores, supermarkets)

3. Educational institutions (e.g., universities, colleges, public/private schools)

4. Hospitality industry (e.g., hotels, casinos)

5. Correctional facilities

6. Healthcare industry (e.g., hospitals, nursing homes)

7. Food services sector (e.g., full-service restaurants, caterers)

Establishment-Specific Data Needs

• Name

• Address

• Contact number

• Location (latitude/longitude)

• Number of Employee

• Total Revenue

• Others (number of students of educational institutions, number of beds for hospitals)

Data Sources Sector Data Source Number of

Establishments in Florida

Food manufacturers and processors

Hoovers-Dun and Bradstreet 3,434

Food wholesalers and distributors

Hoovers-Dun and Bradstreet 20,784

Educational institutions National Center for Education Statistics 6,497

Hospitality industry Hoovers-Dun and Bradstreet 6,945

Correctional facilities Hoovers-Dun and Bradstreet 426

Healthcare industry Hoovers-Dun and Bradstreet 1,150

Food services sector US Census (2012) 33,419

Wasted Food Estimation Parameters

Sector Variable Parameter Generation Factor

Food Manufacturers and Processors $ Revenue 0.053 lbs/ $ Revenue

Food Wholesalers and Distributors

Supermarkets and Grocery Stores # of Employees 3,000 lbs/employee/year

Other Food Wholesalers and Distributors $ Revenue

0.01 lbs/ $ Revenue

Wasted Food Estimation Parameters

Sector Variable Parameter Generation Factor

Educational Institutions

Private Schools

# of Students

63 lbs/student/year

Public Schools 20 to 28.8 lbs/student/year

Colleges and Universities 141.8 lbs/residential student/year 37.8 lbs/non-residential student/year

Wasted Food Estimation Parameters

Sector Variable Parameter Generation Factor

Hospitality Industry # of Employees 1,168.3 to 1,984 lbs/employee/year

Correctional Facilities # of Employees 1,368.8 to 1,927.2 lbs/employee/year

Healthcare Facilities Revenue ($ million) 147.3 to 335.8 lbs/revenue ($ million)/year

Food Services Sector # of Employees 3,000 lbs/employee/year

Example Alternative Parameter

Annual Hospital Revenue (billion $)

0 100 200 300

Num

ber

of

Bed

s (i

n t

housa

nds)

0

20

40

60

80

100

y=0.269x

R2=0.9467

Based on staffed beds and hospital revenue data reported by the American Hospital Directory (https://www.ahd.com/state_statistics.html)

Wasted Food Density Map – Total, Nationwide

Wasted Food Density Map – Total

Wasted Food Density Map – Wholesale Food Distributors

Wasted Food Density Map – Educational Institutions

Wasted Food Density Map – Hospitality Institutions

Sector-wide Wasted Food Generation Sector Data Source Number of

Establishments in Florida

Wasted Food Estimate (tons per year)

Food manufacturers and processors

Hoovers-Dun and Bradstreet 3,434 107,800

Food wholesalers and distributors

Hoovers-Dun and Bradstreet 20,784 78,500

Educational institutions National Center for Education Statistics 6,497 55,500 - 79,300

Hospitality industry Hoovers-Dun and Bradstreet 6,945 113,200 - 192,300

Correctional facilities Hoovers-Dun and Bradstreet 426 34,500 - 48,600

Healthcare industry Hoovers-Dun and Bradstreet 1,150 3,800 - 8,700

Food services sector US Census (2012) 33,419 932,200

Sector-wide Wasted Food Generation Rate

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

700,000

800,000

900,000

1,000,000

Food manufacturers and processors

Food wholesalers

and distributors

Educational institutions

Hospitality industry

Correctional facilities

Healthcare industry

Food services sector

1,150

Was

ted

Fo

od

(to

ns

per

yea

r)

34,419

3,434 20,784 6,497

6,945

426

Sector-wide Wasted Food Generation Rate

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

700,000

800,000

900,000

1,000,000

Food manufacturers and processors

Food wholesalers

and distributors

Educational institutions

Hospitality industry

Correctional facilities

Healthcare industry

Food services sector

1,150

Was

ted

Fo

od

(to

ns

per

yea

r)

34,419

3,434 20,784 6,497

6,945

426

As point of comparison, assuming 0.357 lbs/person/day, over 8 million households in Florida generate 1.27 million tons of wasted food

Name Rozen Plaza, Inc.

Address 9840 International Dr Orlando, FL 32819

Contact # 407-996-9840

Wasted Food Generation (tons/yr)

238-405

Wasted Food Characteristics

Complex Carbohydrates, Proteins

Waste Food Management Hierarchy

Feeding Hungry People – Food Banks

Feeding Animals– Animal Farms

Energy Recovery– Anaerobic Digesters

Composting Facilities

Infrastructure Gap

Anaerobic Decomposition of Wasted Food - Greenhouse Gas Generation

Time (years)

0 5 10 15 20 25

Meth

an

e G

en

era

tion R

ate

(scfm

)

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

k=0.2 year-1

k=0.3 year-1

Approximately 2 million tons of wasted food was disposed of in landfills in Florida in 2014

Anaerobic Decomposition of Wasted Food - Greenhouse Gas Generation

Time (years)

0 5 10 15 20 25

Cu

mu

ma

tive

Me

tha

ne

Ge

ne

rate

d (

%)

0

20

40

60

80

100

Gre

en

ho

use

Ga

s E

mis

sio

n (

mill

ion

MT

CO

2 e

q)

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

k=0.2 year-1

k=0.3 year-1

Acknowledgements

• Steve Rock, EPA ORD, Cincinnati

• Amanda Hong, EPA-Region 9, San Francisco

• Charlotte Ely, EPA-Region 9, San Francisco

Questions

• Pradeep Jain – pjain@iwcs.biz