water.sampling

8/3/2019 Water.sampling

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Table of Contents

I. BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................................3

A. Objective ................................................................................................................................ 3

B. Well Identification ................................................................................................................ 3

II. SAMPLING........................................................................................................................................3 A. Sampling Time Frames......................................................................................................... 3

B. Sampling and Analysis Plan................................................................................................. 3 C. Chain-of-Custody Procedure ............................................................................................... 4

D. Sample Identification............................................................................................................ 4

E. Sample Labeling.................................................................................................................... 5

F. Sample Collection and Handling ......................................................................................... 5

G. Sample Storage and Preservation....................................................................................... 5

H. Documentation ..................................................................................................................... 6

I. Chain-of-Custody Form ....................................................................................................... 6

J. Sample Analysis Request Form ........................................................................................... 6

III. LABORATORY AND REPORTING..............................................................................................8

A. Laboratory Quality Control (QC) Samples........................................................................ 8

B. Laboratory Reporting Requirements ................................................................................. 8

C. Field Documentation............................................................................................................. 8

D. Data Management................................................................................................................. 9

IV. SAFETY..............................................................................................................................................9

A. Site Safety .............................................................................................................................. 9

APPENDIX 1: Eligible parcels for LRI Residential Drinking Water Well Sampling .....................10

APPENDIX 2: Field Sampling Data Sheet ...........................................................................................11

APPENDIX 3: Chain of Custody...........................................................................................................12

APPENDIX 4: Cover Letter to Area Residents ...................................................................................13

APPENDIX 5: Response Form..............................................................................................................14

APPENDIX 6: VOC Sample Collection Guidelines ............................................................................15

APPENDIX 7: VOC LIST......................................................................................................................17

APPENDIX 8: - Sample Results Correspondence ................................................................................18



Rev. 8/07 of 20

I. BACKGROUND

This Residential Drinking Water Sampling Program Work Plan (Work Plan) has been developed

to direct a residential drinking water well sampling program for residents in the vicinity of theLRI Landfill. The LRI Landfill is located at 30919 Meridian Street East, Graham, Washington.

The Tacoma-Pierce County Health Department (Health Department) has elected to implementthis program for area residents in response to ground water contamination concerns voiced by

community members. The Health Department has chosen to implement a program that provides

annual sampling and water quality analysis for residential drinking water wells that are locatedon properties within ½ mile of the landfill. The sampling program will be implemented by the

Health Department’s Water Resources Program.

A. Objective

The objective of this sampling and analysis program is to provide water quality information

to residents within the sampling area.

B. Well Identification

The Health Department will identify all parcels of property that are located within ½ mile of

the LRI Landfill site utilizing Pierce County’s Geographical Information System (GIS). The

Health Department will then send a notice (letter & background information) to all of the

identified property owners explaining the concerns and soliciting involvement in thesampling program.

It is anticipated that some properties within the ½ mile radius (border properties) will havewells that are physically outside the ½ mile radius from the landfill property. Although the

well locations fall outside of the ½ mile radius, these wells will be eligible for inclusion inthe monitoring program.

II. SAMPLING

A. Sampling Time Frames

Sampling & analysis will be completed during two sampling periods (“windows”) each

calendar year (spring and fall sampling events). Each sampling event will be approximatelyone (1) week in length. The Health Department will identify those sampling windows or

weeks for the residents during the initial notification process and allow the residents to select

their preferred sampling period.

B. Sampling and Analysis PlanAll drinking water samples will be analyzed by a Washington State accredited laboratory,

using approved EPA methods. The Method Detection Limits (MDL) and Method ReportingLimits (MRL)1 shall not exceed State of Washington Drinking Water Standards (where

applicable).

1 The Method Detection Limit (MDL) is the sample concentration of each compound that can be detected above zero and with a99% confidence, when a particular analytical method is properly employed .



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Quality Control (QC) samples will also be collected. When QC samples are collected, they

will be treated in a manner similar to the routine samples, and transported to the laboratory

for analysis. Where QC samples are required for water samples collected, they will consistof:

•1 Field duplicate per 20 water samples (5%) or per sampling event (which ever is morefrequent)

• 1 Trip blank per 20 water samples (5%) or per sampling event (only for volatile organic

compound samples)

Table 1 delineates the analytes and analytical methods. Table 2 delineates the type of container, preservation, and holding time for the various analytes.

Analysis of water samples for volatile organic compounds will be conducted once every fiveyear period for pariticpating wells. All other parameters listed in Table 1 will be analyzed

annually.

C. Chain-of-Custody Procedure

The chain-of-custody procedure tracks the possession and handling of individual samples

from the time of field collection through laboratory analysis. The chain-of-custody

procedure will consist of:

• Individual sample identification

• Sample labeling

• Sample preservation and storage

• Documentation

• Chain-of-custody record

• Sample analysis request form

D. Sample Identification

Unique sample numbers will be assigned to identify and describe each water sample.

Drinking water samples will be identified and tracked by parcel number where the sampleoriginated and the date the sample was collected. For example, for a sample collected from

parcel 0221327027 on September 21, 2010 would be identified as 0221227027-09212010.

Blank and duplicate samples will be identified by false dummy parcel numbers pre-selected

by the field staff performing the sampling, followed by the date the sample was collected (for

blanks, the date the sampling event occurred).

The Method Reporting Limit (MRL) is the lowest reported concentration, provided on the sample-analysis data report, aftercorrections have been made for sample dilution, sample weight, and (for soils and sediments) the amount of moisture in thesample. MRLs can be as low as the Method Detection Limit or exceed the Practical Quantitation Limit, depending on the matrix

effects encountered during the analysis.

A Practical Quantitation Limit (PQL) is a “guide” for the “expected” concentration that can be reliably achieved within specifiedlimits of precision and accurancy during routine sample analyses. The PQL is generally 5 to 10 times the MDL, but is extremely

maxtrix dependent.



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E. Sample Labeling

Each sample container will be clearly labeled using an indelible ink pen on durable adhesive

labels. The following information will be noted on each label:

• Project name

• Unique sample number (parcel number & date (MMDDYYYY)

• Date and time of collection• Name of the sampler

• Analysis to be performed

F. Sample Collection and Handling

All water samples will be collected using the following procedures:

1. Select a sample tap that best represents the water in the distribution system. Avoid poor

sample sites such as swivel faucets, hot and cold mixing faucets (with a single lever),leaky or spraying faucets, drinking fountains, janitorial sinks, frost-free hose bibs, and

faucets below or near ground level.

2. Remove any attachments from the faucet, including aerators, screens, washers, hoses, andwater filters. Disinfect the faucet by spraying it with a chlorine:water solution of 50%

chlorine and 50% water.

3. Turn on the cold water only and let it run in a steady stream for at least five minutes.Before collecting the sample, don nitrile or similar disposable gloves and turn the water

down to a thin stream (about the width of a pencil), then let the water run for one minute.

4. If some liquid or powder is present in the sample bottle, DO NOT rinse it out. Thematerial is to neutralize any chlorine that may be present.

5. To avoid contamination while taking the sample, hold the bottle near the bottom with one

hand, hold the top of the cap with the other, and then unscrew the cap. DO NOT set thecap face down, touch any part of the cap that touches the bottle, or let anything touch the

rim or inside of the cap. Hold the bottle under the stream of water, being careful not to letthe bottle touch the sample tap. Fill the bottle to the neck or indicated fill line, but do notallow it to overflow. Remove the bottle from the water flow and replace the cap.

6. For Volatile Organic Compounds sample collection, follow the sampling procedures

described in Appendix 6.

7. Complete the sample label and chain of custody form (if not done in advance).8. Place the sample in the insulated cooler and pack with ice to cool the samples to

approximately 4°C.

G. Sample Storage and Preservation

Sample bottles will be supplied by the laboratory for each sampling event and will include

the appropriate preservatives, as required. Sample containers will be kept closed until each isto be filled. Sample containers will be filled in accordance with prescribed methods and

capped immediately thereafter. Immediately following collection, samples will be labeled as

described above and placed into an insulated cooler and packed with ice to cool them to

approximately 4°C. The samples will be kept stored on ice until transported to the

laboratory. Samples will be delivered to the laboratory within 24 hours of collection.



Rev. 8/07 of 20

H. Documentation

The same information noted on the sample labels will be recorded on field forms or in the

field book along with sampling method, sample conditions and observations. A site map will

be annotated to clearly depict the location of each sample. Documentation will include thechain-of-custody and sample analysis request forms.

I. Chain-of-Custody Form

A chain-of-custody form will be completed by the field staff and will accompany everysample. Upon transfer of sample possession to subsequent custodians (the analytical

laboratory), the chain-of-custody form will be signed by the persons transferring and

accepting custody of the samples. The condition of the samples will be recorded by the

receiver. Chain-of-custody records will be included in the analytical report prepared by thelaboratory. The chain-of-custody form will contain the following information:

• Sample number

• Date and time of sample collection

•Sample type/media

• Number of containers

• Parameters requested for analysis

• Signature of sample collector

• Signature of persons involved in the chain of possession

J. Sample Analysis Request Form

The sample analysis request form will serve as the official communication to the laboratory

of the particular analyses required for each sample. This form will be incorporated onto the

chain-of-custody form (see above.)



Rev. 8/07 of 20

TABLE – 1 Analyses and Analytical Methods

Description MethodAmmonia as N 350.1

Chloride (Cl) 325.1 / 325.2

Nitrate (NO3) 353.2 / 353.3

Nitrite (NO2) 353.2 / 353.3

Sulfate (SO4) 375.4

Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) 160.1

Dissolved Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mg, K, Na, V, Zn, As 200.7 / 200.8

Total Iron & Manganese 200.7 / 200.8

Total Coliform SM 9221 or 9222

Volatile Organic Compounds (See Appendix 7 for list) 8260

pH 150.1 (field tested)

Conductivity 120.1 (field tested)

TABLE – 2 Sample Containers, Preservation Methods and Holding Times

Description Container___ Preservation Holding Time_

Ammonia as N One 250-mL HDPE Cool to 4o

C 28 daysH2SO4 to pH<2

Chloride (Cl) One 250-mL HDPE Cool to 4oC 28 days

Nitrate (NO3) One 250-mL HDPE Cool to 4oC 48 hours

Nitrite (NO2) One 250-mL HDPE Cool to 4oC 48 hours

Sulfate (SO4) One 250-mL HDPE Cool to 4oC 28 days

Total Dissolved Solids One 250-mL HDPE Cool to 4oC 7 days

Dissolved Metals One 250-mL HDPE 6 months

Cool to 4oC

Total Iron & Manganese One 500-mL HDPE Cool to 4oC 6 months

HNO3 to pH<2

Total Coliform One 250-mL HDPE Cool to 4o

C 24 hoursVolatile Organics (VOC) Three 40-mL VOC Viles HCL to pH<2 14 days

Cool to 4oC



Rev. 8/07 of 20

III. LABORATORY AND REPORTING

A. Laboratory Quality Control (QC) Samples

Laboratory quality control samples consisting of method blanks, matrix spikes/matrix spike

duplicates, surrogate spikes, and duplicate samples will be analyzed during each sampling

event at the following frequencies as defined in USEPA document SW 846.

• Duplicate (replicate) analyses. Five percent of the samples will be analyzed asduplicates. Metals and inorganic parameters will be analyzed as laboratory duplicates.

• Matrix Spikes. Five percent of the samples will be spiked with selected target analytes

and analyzed.

• Method Blank. One method blank will be analyzed for every 20 samples analyzed, and

for each sample batch.

• Laboratory control samples. A laboratory control sample will be included with eachsample batch.

B. Laboratory Reporting Requirements

The laboratory will be required to submit the following summary data and QC information:

• Cover letter for each sample batch that includes a summary of any quality control sample,shipment or analytical problems, as well as documentation of internal decisions.

Problems will be outlined and final solutions documented.

• A copy of the signed chain-of-custody forma for each batch of samples.

• Sample concentrations reported on standard data sheets in proper units and to theappropriate number of significant figures. For undetected values, the lower limit of detection for each compound will be reported separately for each sample.

• Dates of sample extraction and analysis.• Method blank results (at least 5% of samples analyzed and at least one per batch).

• Matrix spike results for inorganic and metals, including percent recoveries, spike levels,and relative percent differences (5% of samples analyzed).

• Laboratory duplicate results for inorganic and metals analysis (5% of samples analyzed).

C. Field Documentation

Accurate documentation of field activities (e.g. sampling location, wellhead condition, use

and general condition of property, measurements of pH and conductivity) will be maintainedusing field logbooks, field data forms, correspondence records, and photographs. Entries will

be made in sufficient detail to provide an accurate record of field activities without relianceon memory. Field log entries will include a chronological description of task activities,names of individuals present during sampling event, and weather conditions, etc. Entries will

be legibly entered in ink, dated and initialed. When photographs are taken, the picture

number, parcel number and a description of the photograph will be entered into the field

logbook.



Rev. 8/07 of 20

D. Data Management

Field measurements and laboratory data will be entered into a computerized database, and

verified for consistency and correctness. A cover letter and report explaining the analyticalresults will be provided directly to the property owner (and tenant if applicable) of each

property sampled. An annual report will be developed and placed on the Health

Department’s website for the general public following the completion of the fall/wintersampling event.

IV. SAFETY

A. Site Safety

Tacoma Pierce County Health Department staff shall adhere to the Health Department’sEnvironmental Health Field Safety Manual in completion of all field activities.



Rev. 8/07 of 20

APPENDIX 1: Eligible parcels for LRI Residential Drinking Water Well Sampling

The map features are approximate and are intended only to provide an indication of said feature. Additional areas that have not been mapped may be present. This is not a survey. TheCounty/Health Department assumes no liability for variations ascertained by actual survey. ALL DATA IS EXPRESSLY PROVIDED ‘AS IS’ AND ‘WITH FAULTS’. The

County/Health Department makes no warranty of fitness for a particular purpose.



Rev. 8/07 of 20

APPENDIX 2: Field Sampling Data Sheet

Field Sampling Data Sheet3629 So. D Street

Tacoma, WA 98418

Phone: 253 798-6470

Property Owner: ANDERSON HARRY E & BARBARA Parcel #: 0417112018 _______

Site Address: 11925 311TH ST E ID #: 0417112018 -

Site Contact: Phone #:

____________________________________ (Who was on-site during the sampling event?)

Photo(s) Taken? Y N Handed Out FAQ Sheet? Y N

Where was the Sample Taken? __________________________________________________ (Outside Tap, Well House, Kitchen Tap, etc.)

Weather: Sunny Cloudy Rain Calm Windy

Water Quality Field Parameters:Sample

# pH Conductivity Color/Appearance Other Comments?

1.

2.

3.(Color: Cloudy, Turbid, Yellow, etc.)

NOTES: ____________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________ (Contaminant Sources, Condition of Well, Treatment, etc)

TPCHD Rep. ________________________________ Date: ________________________ (Print)

___________________________________________ (Signature)



Rev. 8/07 of 20

APPENDIX 3: Chain of Custody



Rev. 8/07 of 20

APPENDIX 4: Cover Letter to Area Residents

July 26, 2006

«TAX_PAYER_NAME»«DELIVERY_ADDRESS»

«CITY_ST» «ZIPCODE»

RE: Drinking Water Quality Testing Program for Residents in the Vicinity of the LRI Landfill

Parcel Number: «TAX_PARCEL_NUM»

Dear Sir or Madam:

The Tacoma-Pierce County Health Department (Health Department) is offering free yearly testing of drinking water

quality for residents in the vicinity of the LRI Landfill. The LRI Landfill, commonly known as the 304th

Street

Landfill, is located at 30919 Meridian Street East (304th

Street East and State Route 161).

To be eligible, your property must be located within ½ mile of the landfill and have a functioning drinking water well.

Your property, located at 29606 MERIDIAN E, is eligible for this water quality testing.

This new water quality testing program is being offered in response to concerns expressed by area residents during

the recent solid waste permit process for the LRI Landfill. As a condition of the landfill’s new 10-year permit, the

Health Department has required Pierce County Recycling, Composting & Disposal dba LRI to fund this program.

The Health Department’s Water Resources Program staff will perform sampling and report the results to you.

Water samples will be analyzed by a Washington State certified laboratory under contract with the Health

Department. Results of the water quality testing will be sent to the property owner (and tenant if applicable)

approximately 4-6 weeks following the sampling event.

In order to participate in the sampling program, we ask that you fill out the enclosed response form and returnit to the Health Department in the enclosed, pre-paid envelope by Friday, August 18, 2006. Please identify on

the response form which sampling period you would prefer. The Health Department will perform sampling during a

two-week window in the fall and spring of each year.

If you have any questions or would like additional information, please contact Gary Porter, Environmental Health

Specialist III, Tacoma Pierce County Health Department, at (253) 798-6569 or [email protected].

Sincerely,

Brad Harp, LHG, Environmental Health Liaison

Environmental Health Program /Water Resources

BH:AC:llj

Enclosures



Rev. 8/07 of 20

Well Sampling Response Form

Please return by August 18, 2006

Name: «TAX_PAYER_NAME»

Address: «SITE_ADDRESS_2» ___________________________________________

Parcel No.: «TAX_PARCEL_NUM» ___________________________________

Daytime Ph: Evening Ph:

Cell Ph: E-mail: ____________________________________

1. Do you have a well on this parcel? Yes / No Is the well in use? Yes / No

2. If yes, is the well used for? Drinking water / Irrigation only / Both / Other (Please explain)

3. Do you want to have your well(s) water quality tested by the Health Department? Yes / No

4. Do you want your well tested annually? Yes / No

5. The Health Department will perform sampling during a two-week period in the fall and again in the

spring (anticipated to be September & March of each year).Would you prefer to have your water tested in the spring or fall? Spring / Fall / No preference

6. Is the well accessible? Yes / No Are there locked gates to control access? Yes / No

7. Do you have dogs present on the property? Yes / No

8. Is an outside tap available for water sampling? Yes / No

9. Would you like to be present during the sampling? Yes / No

10. If known: Well Depth? _________ Well Diameter? ________ Well Age? ________

11. Is a well log available? Yes / No

12. Has a water sample ever been collected and analyzed from this well? Yes / No / Don’t Know If yes, please provide any information available regarding the date(s), tests performed and results.

13. Do you apply fertilizer on your property? Yes / No If yes, do you apply fertilizer within 250 feet of your well? Yes / No

14. Do you have livestock on your property? Yes / No

If yes, are the livestock kept within 250 feet of the well? Yes / No

15. Is the property a rental property? Yes / No

16. Other Comments or Questions?

APPENDIX 5: Response Form



Rev. 8/07 of 20

APPENDIX 6: VOC Sample Collection Guidelines

Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Sample Collection,

Preservation and Storage Guidelines

Please take the time to read this instruction sheet prior to initiating sampling for volatile

organic compound analysis. Samples shall be collected in 40-mL glass vials provided by

our contract laboratory. Please note that these vials contain a preservative (hydrochloricacid or HCL) when received from the laboratory.

1. When collecting samples for VOC analysis, you must collect the samples in

triplicate using the properly prepared 40-mL vials.

2. If collecting the samples from a tap or faucet, remove any aerator or other

apparatus associated with the tap or faucet.

3. Let the water run for a period of 10-15 minutes until the waters temperature hasstabilized to assure that you are collecting water from the ground water source

and not stagnant water within the pipes (if practical).

4. Reduce the flow to a thin steady stream (1 pint per minute or ¼” in diameter).5. Fill each of the three prepared 40-mL vials by holding the vials at an angle just

below the tap or faucet to reduce aeration (avoid agitation of the sample while

filling). Fill the container to just overflowing until there is a curved surface(meniscus) of water at the top of the container.

6. Very carefully place the cap back on the vial in a manner that will not trap any air

in the sample. Tighten the cap down securely.

7. Check for trapped air by inverting the vial and looking to see if any air bubblesare present. If air bubbles are present, take another sample in a new container.

8. If no bubbles appear, the sample is acceptable for analysis by the laboratory.

9. Ensure containers are properly labeled in accordance with this Work Plan.10. Place containers in a chilled cooler for transport to the laboratory.



Rev. 8/07 of 20



Rev. 8/07 of 20

APPENDIX 7: VOC LIST

Volatile Orgranic Compounds

Acetone

Acrylonitrile

BenzeneBromochloromethane

Bromodichloromethane

Bromoform; Tribromomethane

Carbon disulfide

Carbon tetrachloride

Chlorobenzene

Chloroethane; Ethyl chloride.

Chloroform; Trichloromethane

Dibromochloromethane;

Chlorodibromomethane 1

1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane; DBCP

1,2-Dibromoethane; Ethylene dibromide; EDB.o-Dichlorobenzene;

1,2-Dichlorobenzene

p-Dichlorobenzene; 1,4-Dichlorobenzene

trans-1,4-Dichloro-2- 1,1-Dichloroethane; Ethylidene chloride1,2-Dichloroethane; Ethylene dichloride

1,1-Dichloroethylene; 1,1-Dichloroethene; Vinylidene chloride

cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene; cis-1,2-Dichloroethene

trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene; trans-1,2-Dichloroethene

1,2-Dichloropropane; Propylene dichloride

cis-1,3-Dichloropropene

trans-1,3-Dichloropropene

Ethylbenzene2-Hexanone; Methyl butyl ketone

Methyl bromide; Bromomethane

Methyl chloride; Chloromethane

Methylene bromide; Dibromomethane

Methylene chloride; Dichloromethane

Methyl ethyl ketone; MEK; 2-Butanone

Methyl iodide; lodomethane

4-Methyl-2-pentanone; Methyl isobutyl ketone

Styrene

1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane

1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane

Tetrachloroethylene; Tetrachloroethene; Perchloroethylene

Toluene

1,1,1-Trichloroethane; Methyl chloroform

1,1,2-Trichloroethane

Trichloroethylene; Trichloroethene

Trichlorofluoromethane; CFC-11

1,2,3-Trichloropropane

Vinyl acetate

vinyl chloride

Xylenes



Rev. 8/07 of 20

APPENDIX 8: - Sample Results Correspondence

John Smith 1234 Main Street

Any Town, WA 12345

September 2007

Re: Residential Well Water Sampling Project

Site Address: 1234 Main Street, Any Town

Dear John Smith:

Enclosed with this letter please find test results for the water sample taken from your well in September.Along with your water sample test results we have provided a "Water Sample Abbreviation and Notes" pageto help you understand the Water Quality Sample Results page.

Although all of the chemical test results are well within the normal range for groundwater in Pierce County,the levels of Iron and/or Manganese have been found to be above the Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL)

in your water. Even though the levels are high, they are not a health risk. High Iron and Manganese levelsin well water are very common throughout Pierce County. The MCL established for Iron and Manganeseare for aesthetic purposes only (staining porcelain fixtures and clothes, smell, etc.).

Thank you for participating in this round of water well sampling. We will be contacting you again next fall forthe 2007 round of water samples for this project. If you have any questions regarding your results, ormethods of treatment, please contact Michelle Cox at 253 798-7683, or send an email to: [email protected].

Sincerely,

Brad D. Harp, LHG, Environmental Health Liaison Environmental Health Drinking Water Program

cc: File enclosure s :IRON MANGANESE



Rev. 8/07 of 20

WATER QUALITY SAMPLE RESULTSFall 2006

NAME:

SITE ADDRESS: PARCEL:

SAMPLE NUMBER: SAMPLE DATE:

John Smith

1234 Main Street, Any Town

0123456789

0123456789-09112006 09/11/2006

Analyte Result Unit MCL *

Total Metals

Iron 0.68 mg/L 0.3

Manganese 0.16 mg/L 0.05 Dissolved Metals

Arsenic ND mg/L 0.05

Barium 0.0068 mg/L 2.0

Calcium 24 mg/L ---

Copper ND mg/L 1.3

Magnesium 9.5 mg/L ---

Potassium ND mg/L ---

Sodium 9 mg/L ---

Vanadium ND mg/L --- Zinc ND mg/L 5.0

General Chemistry

Ammonia ND mg/L ---

Chloride 2.3 mg/L 250

Nitrogen, Nitrate ND mg/L 10.0

Nitrogen, Nitrite ND mg/L 1.0

Sulfate 4.2 mg/L 250

Total Dissolved Solids 160 mg/L 500

Bacteriological

Total Coliform 0 #/100 ml 0.00

Field Parameters

uS/cm 750 Conductivity 213

pH 7.4 *see enclosed Water Quality Abreviations and Notes



P 20 f 20

Water Quality Abbreviations and Notes:

Analyte: The chemical or metal that is being tested for in the water sample.

Result: The level of the chemical or mineral detected by the laboratory in this water sample.

ND: Non-Detect, the chemical or metal was not detected in this water sample.

Unit: The unit of measure reported by the laboratory.

mg/l : milligrams per liter, or 1 part per million.

MCL: “Maximum Contaminant Level”. The water quality standard established by state orfederal regulation.

#/100ml: The number of bacteria colonies detected in 100 milliliters of water.Note: An MCL of “0.00” means that there should be no bacteria detected in the watersample.

uS/cm: microSiemens per centimeter, a measurement of the ability of the water to conduct an

electrical charge. Used to help determine the presence of some chemical ions.

pH: A numerical measure of the level of acidity or alkalinity of the water. See the table below

(---): The EPA and/or the CDC have not established a health risk MCL or RL for this chemical ometal.

* Note: The MCL listed on the sample results table for Iron, Manganese, Chloride, and Zinc arenot based on health risk, they are based on aesthetics (staining of sinks, tubs, smell, etc.). Analyteswithout an MCL or RL listed are being tested to provide the TPCHD with a general picture of groundwater parameters and are used to assess changes in the groundwater chemistry.

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