Water waves change direction when they move from shallow water to deep water.

What is the name of this effect?A diffractionB dispersionC reflectionD refractionA vertical stick is dipped up and down in water at P. In two seconds, three wave crests are produced on the surface of the water.

Which statement is true?A Distance X is the amplitude of the waves.B Distance Y is the wavelength of the waves.C Each circle represents a wavefront.D The frequency of the waves is 3 Hz.

An engineer standing at P hears the sound of an explosion at X.

After the explosion, she hears two bangs. One bang is heard a fraction of a second after the other.The second bang is an echo fromA XY.B PV.C ZY.D WX.The drawing shows a wave.Which labelled distance is the wavelength?

21 Radio waves are received at a house at the bottom of a hill.

The waves reach the house because the hill has caused them to beA diffracted.B radiated.C reflected.D refracted.To estimate the width of a valley, a climber starts a stopwatch as he shouts. He hears an echofrom the opposite side of the valley after 1.0 s.

The sound travels at 340 m / s.What is the width of the valley?A 85 m B 170 m C 340 m D 680 mWhich is the best description of the speed of a water wave?A the distance between one wave crest and the nextB the distance between the crest of a wave and a troughC the distance that a particle of water moves up and down in one secondD the distance that a wavefront moves along the surface in one secondWater waves travel more slowly in shallow water than in deep water.Which diagram shows what will happen to plane waves in deep water when they enter shallow water?

The diagram shows a man standing at X who shouts to a man standing at Y.

The man’s voice will be heard sooner and more clearly if the wind is blowing towards the

A north.B south.C east.D west.25 Sounds are made by vibrating objects. A certain object vibrates but a person nearby cannot hearany sound.Which statement might explain why nothing is heard?A The amplitude of the sound waves is too large.B The frequency of the vibration is too high.C The sound waves are transverse.D The speed of the sound waves is too high.Plane water waves travel from a shallow region into a deeper region. They travel more quickly inthe deeper water.

Which diagram shows the wave pattern in the deeper water?

Music is produced by the loudspeaker of a radio.Which property of the sound wave increases when the music is made louder?A amplitudeB frequencyC speedD wavelength24 A starting pistol is fired 640 m away from a spectator.

The spectator hears the sound of the starting pistol two seconds after seeing the flash from the gun.What is the speed of sound in air?A 160 m / s B 320 m / s C 640 m / s D 1280 m / sThe diagram represents water waves about to move into shallow water from deep

Which property of the waves remains the same after the waves move into shallow water?A frequencyB speedC wavefront directionD wavelengthA battery-operated bell is surrounded by a box with double walls.

The bell is ringing but no sound at all is heard outside the box.What is in the gap?A a solidB a liquidC a gasD a vacuumTwo sets of water waves overlap as shown in the diagram.

From which two points are the sets of waves coming?A P and S B T and R C Q and T D U and QThe diagrams show water waves that move more slowly after passing into shallow water at the broken line.Which diagram shows what happens to the waves?

The diagrams show examples of wave motion.

Which are longitudinal waves?A 1 onlyB 1, 2 and 4C 2 and 3 onlyD 2 and 4 only

A small boat in a harbour is protected from waves on the sea by harbour walls.

Some waves can curve round the harbour walls and reach the boat.What is the name for this effect?A diffractionB dispersionC reflectionD refractionWhich waves are longitudinal?

21 A navigation buoy floating on the sea oscillates up and down as a wave passes.

In exactly two minutes, six complete wavelengths pass the buoy.What is the frequency of the waves?A 0.050 Hz B 0.33 Hz C 3.0 Hz D 20 HzA police car siren emits two different sounds P and Q. These are produced alternately. Thediagram represents the sounds emitted.

Which sound is the louder and which has the lower pitch?

Sound travels by wave motion.Which property of waves causes echoes?

A diffractionB dispersionC reflectionD refraction24 A student listens to a machine that makes sounds of different frequencies. He can only hear one of the sounds.Which frequency of sound is the student able to hear?A 2 Hz B 10 Hz C 2 kHz D 30 kHzWhich row correctly describes light waves and radio waves?

The diagram shows water waves passing through a gap in a harbour wall. The waves curveround the wall and reach a small boat in the harbour.

What is the name of this curving effect, and how can the gap be changed so that the waves are less likely to reach the boat?

The diagrams represent the waves produced by four sources of sound. The scales are the same for all the diagrams.Which sound has the highest frequency?

Which change will lower the pitch of a sound?

A decreasing its amplitude

B decreasing its frequency

C increasing its amplitude

D increasing its frequency

25 Astronaut 1 uses a hammer to mend a satellite in space. Astronaut 2 is nearby.

There is no atmosphere in space.

Compared with the sound heard if they were working on Earth, what does astronaut

2 hear?

A no sound at all

B a quieter sound

C a sound of the same loudness

D a louder sound

Waves move from deep water to shallow water where they are slower.Which diagram shows what happens to the waves?

A 100 metre race is started by firing a gun. The gun makes a bang and a puff of smoke comes out of the gun as shown.

When does the finishing judge see the smoke and hear the bang?

The sounds produced by two musical instruments are directed towards a microphone

connected to an oscilloscope (cro). The waveforms produced on the screen are

shown.

The waveforms show that the sounds produced have a different property.

What is the property?

A frequency

B speed

C timbre (quality)

In an experiment using a ripple tank, plane wavefronts arrive at a plane surface.

Which of the following correctly describes the waves after they are reflected from the surface?

Waves pass from deep water to shallow water and refraction occurs.

What is the speed of the waves in the shallow water?A 0.2 m / s B 0.8 m / s C 2.0 m / s D 5.0 m / sA boy strikes a rigid metal fence with a stick to create a sound along the fence. A girl listens withher ear against the fence. One second after the fence is struck, the girl hears a sound through the air.

How long will it take for the sound to reach the girl through the fence?A 0 second

B less than 1 secondC 1 secondD more than 1 secondWhich of the following is an example of a transverse and a longitudinal wave?

The diagram shows a water wave in a ripple tank.

The wave has a speed of 12 cm/s at R.

The wave crosses a boundary PQ where the distance between crests changes from

3.0 cm to 1.5 cm.

What is the velocity of the wave at point S?

A 3.0 cm/s

B 6.0 cm/s

C 12 cm/s

D 24 cm/s

The sounds produced by two musical instruments are directed towards a microphone

connected to an oscilloscope (cro). The waveforms produced on the screen are

shown.

The waveforms show that the sounds produced have a different property.

What is the property?

A frequency

B speed

C timbre (quality)

D wavelength

The diagram shows a wave moving into shallower water.

The wavelength of the waves is reduced becauseA both the frequency and the speed decrease.B both the frequency and the speed increase.C only the frequency increases.D only the speed decreases.The diagram shows a loudspeaker that is producing a continuous sound wave of frequency 200 Hz in air.

Which diagram best shows how the sound causes a molecule at P to move during 1/200 s ?

Which diagram shows an example of a longitudinal wave?A light travelling from a lamp to a screen

B a spring pushed backwards and forwards

C a spring pushed up and down

D a water ripple caused by a dipper moving up and down

20 The diagram shows part of a spring that is shaken from side to side to produce a wave.

The distance between successive peaks is 0.60 m and the frequency is 2.5 Hz.How long does it take for a wave to travel 3.0 m along the spring?

A 0.20 s B 0.50 s C 2.0 s D 5.0 sIn an experiment using a ripple tank, plane wavefronts arrive at a plane surface.plane surface

Which of the following correctly describes the waves after they are reflected from the surface?

speed of waves wavelength λA faster shorterB slower longerC slower shorterD the same the same22 Waves pass from deep water to shallow water and refraction occurs.

What is the speed of the waves in the shallow water?A 0.2 m / s B 0.8 m / s C 2.0 m / s D 5.0 m / s