Name _______________________________________ Your Science Instructor _________________________ Period ____ Date _________________

Review Test 7th grade for the Florida Comprehensive Assessment Test 2.0 Science

The benchmark for the question will be listed first and under the benchmark will be the question referring to that benchmark.

Scientific Thinking except SC.7.N.1 which can be found on the 8th

grade review test

SC.7.N.2.1 Identify an instance from the history of science in which scientific knowledge has changed when new evidence or new interpretations are encountered. Cognitive Complexity/Depth of Knowledge Rating: Low

1. Which theory changed over time with the discovery of new evidence?A. Theory of conservation of airB. Theory of plate tectonicsC. Theory of mass dispersalD. Theory of heat transference

SC.7.N.3.1 Recognize and explain the difference between theories and laws and give several examples of scientifictheories and the evidence that supports them. Cognitive Complexity/Depth of Knowledge Rating: High

2. Which of the following describes a pattern or an event in nature that is always true?

A scientific theory C scientific experimentB scientific law D scientific truth

3. Unlike a law, a scientific theory is an interpretation of a wide range of observations with a single explanation. Which of the following examples is a scientific theory rather than a law?

A. In layers of rock, the oldest layer is the bottom.B. All objects in the universe attract each other.C. Earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountain ranges are made from heat within the Earth.D. Mass cannot be created or destroyed in chemical reactions.

SC.7.N.3.2 Identify the benefits and limitations of the use of scientific models.Cognitive Complexity/Depth of Knowledge Rating: Moderate

4. Two types of models that can be used to show details of the structures of cells are shown below.

Which of the following describes a limitation of the drawing but NOT the clay model?a. It does not represent the main parts of a cell.b. It does not contain the correct number of nuclei.c. It cannot represent a living cell, since a true cell is three-dimensional.d. It cannot represent a living cell, since the cytoplasm should be in constant motion.

Earth ScienceB

SC.7.E.6.1 Describe the layers of the solid Earth, including the lithosphere, the hot convecting mantle, and the densemetallic liquid and solid cores. Cognitive Complexity/Depth of Knowledge Rating: Moderate

5. In which layer of Earth are the convection currents that directly result in tectonic plate motion found?

A. CrustB. Inner coreC. MantleD. Outer Core

6. As scientists explore deeper and deeper into Earth's crust, what have they noticed about temperature and pressure?

A. both temperature and pressure decrease

B. both temperature and pressure increase

C. pressure increases while temperature decreases

D. temperature increases while pressure decreases

SC.7.E.6.2 Identify the patterns within the rock cycle and relate them to surface events (weathering and erosion) andsub-surface events (plate tectonics and mountain building).Cognitive Complexity/Depth of Knowledge Rating: High

7. Which sample best shows the physical properties normally associated with regional metamorphism during mountain building?

a. Sample Ab. Sample Bc. Sample Cd. Sample D

8. As Franklin is walking to school, he notices a new neighborhood being built. The first thing the builders do is remove all of the trees. Which of the following effects would result from this action?

a. an increase in soil erosionb. a creation of new plant speciesc. a reduction in levels of pollutiond. a growth in the variety of animals

9. In the rock cycle, which rock type may be weathered to become sediment, and eventually sedimentary rock?

I. Igneous rockII. Sedimentary rockIII. Metamorphic rock

A. I and II onlyB. I and III onlyC. II and III onlyD. I, II, and III

10.Sinkholes can form in areas where water passes through rock beneath the surface of the land.

The formation of sinkholes from water is caused by

a. earthquakes.b. freezing.c. waves.d. weathering.

11.The crystals that form in slowly cooled magma produce ____ mineral grains.a. tiny c. fine-grainedb. invisible d. large

12.Sedimentary rocks are changed to sediments by ____.a. compaction c. cementationb. weathering and erosion d. heat and pressure

SC.7.E.6.3 Identify current methods for measuring the age of Earth and its parts, including the law of superpositionand radioactive dating. Cognitive Complexity/Depth of Knowledge Rating: Moderate

13. Base your answer to this question on the geologic cross section below. Overturning has not occurred. The dike and sills shown in the cross section are igneous intrusions.

Which rock type is the oldest?

a. b.

c. d.

14.The oldest rock formation identified on Earth is found on the shoreline of Hudson Bay in Canada. This rock formed 4.28 billion years ago. What information does a scientist need to more accurately determine the age of a rock?

a. the percentage of each mineral that makes up the rock b. the thickness of younger rock layers that cover the rock c. the amount of each radioactive element present in the rock. d. the amount of weathering present on the surface of the rock

SC.7.E.6.4 Explain and give examples of how physical evidence supports scientific theories that Earth has evolvedover geologic time due to natural processes. Cognitive Complexity/Depth of Knowledge Rating: High

15. What piece of evidence supports the theory that volcanic eruptions formed Earth’s early atmosphere?

a. Volcanoes expel gases with chemical compositions which closely match the ratios of gases in air not caused by photosynthesis.

b. Volcanoes are clustered near the equator, so their gas output spreads over Earth’s surface.

c. Volcanoes expel a mixture of gases consisting almost entirely of water vapor and oxygen.

d. Volcanic eruptions are inversely proportional to local atmospheric pressure.

16.Paul and Nancy learned about the factors that move soil. They studied a canyon, like the one shown in the drawing.

Based on the drawing, which factor MOST likely caused this canyon to form?

a. Water flowing along a river.b. Lava flowing out of a volcano.c. Wind blowing during a rainstorm.d. Ground moving during an earthquake.

SC.7.E.6.5 Explore the scientific theory of plate tectonics by describing how the movement of Earth's crustal platescauses both slow and rapid changes in Earth's surface, including volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, andmountain building. Cognitive Complexity/Depth of Knowledge Rating: Moderate

17.Which diagram best represents the type of plate movement that results in mountain building?

A. B. C. D.

18.The cross section below shows a portion of Earth’s crust and upper mantle near a mid-ocean ridge. The geological features of the ocean floor in this region resulted from:

A. Colliding plates in the lithosphere.B. Sinking iron and magnesium in the lithosphere.C. Cooler temperatures in the mantle.D. Rising convection currents in the mantle.

19. At a tectonic plate boundary, where the plates are moving towards each other, what is least likely to occur?

A. Earthquakes C. Volcanoes B. Sea-floor spreading D. Mountain building

SC.7.E.6.6 Identify the impact that humans have had on Earth, such as deforestation, urbanization, desertification,erosion, air and water quality, changing the flow of water. Cognitive Complexity/Depth of Knowledge Rating: Moderate

20.Deforestation occurs when large areas of trees are cut down. Which of the following impacts on the environment would result from deforestation?

A. increased erosion B. colder temperatures C. decreased carbon dioxide D. greater oxygen production

SC.7.E.6.7 Recognize that heat flow and movement of material within Earth causes earthquakes and volcaniceruptions, and creates mountains and ocean basins. Cognitive Complexity/Depth of Knowledge Rating: Moderate

21.Heat from deep in the Earth’s interior is transferred to its crust by which of the following?

A. Conduction in the ocean.B. Convection in the mantle.C. Radiation from the solid core.D. Evaporation at mid-ocean ridges.ea

22. Convection causes large masses of rock to rise from and sink into Earth’s mantle. The main heat source for this movement is

A. Earth’s mantle and core. C. Radiation from the sun.B. Friction produced by plate motions. D. Magma in Earth’s crust. 10: A. E in all physical processes and is arnal sources of energy have continuously

Physical ScienceSC.7.P.10.1 Illustrate that the sun's energy arrives as radiation with a wide range of wavelengths, including infrared,visible, and ultraviolet, and that white light is made up of a spectrum of many different colors.Cognitive Complexity/Depth of Knowledge Rating: Low

23.The electromagnetic waves with the highest frequencies are called:A. Radio wavesB. Gamma raysC. X-raysD. Visible light.

24.Emily’s younger sister Amy has just learned that radio waves, like X-rays, are a form of electromagnetic energy. Amy asks Emily why radio waves aren’t dangerous like X-rays. Which answer is MOST accurate?

a. Radio waves have a lower energy than X-rays.b. Radio waves have a lower velocity than X-rays.c. Radio waves have a greater amplitude than X-rays.d. Radio waves have a greater frequency than X-rays.

25.Sunlight is composed of energy that is visible to humans and energy that is not visible to humans. Which statement describes how the visible energy from the Sun is different from the non-visible energy?

a. It travels at a different speed.b. It travels a different distance.c. It has different wavelengths.d. It has different amplitudes.

SC.7.P.10.2 Observe and explain that light can be reflected, refracted, and/or absorbed.Cognitive Complexity/Depth of Knowledge Rating: High

26. In the figure shown below, the light waves change direction as a result of _____.

a. diffraction c. refraction

b. reflection d. Reverberation

27.The diagram below shows what can happen when light strikes a material.

Which diagram illustrates the refraction of light?A. Diagram AB. Diagram BC. Diagram CD. Diagram D

SC.7.P.10.3 Recognize that light waves, sound waves, and other waves move at different speeds in different materials. Cognitive Complexity/Depth of Knowledge Rating: Low

28.Electromagnetic radiation including light travels fastest in _____.a. empty space/vacuum c. solidsb. fresh water d. Seawater

29.The speed of sound in ____ is greater than the speed of sound in water.a. air c. corkb. steel d. water vapor

SC.7.P.11.1 Recognize that adding heat to or removing heat from a system may result in a temperature change andpossibly a change of state. Cognitive Complexity/Depth of Knowledge Rating: Low

30.Cassandra notices that when she breathes on a cool window, the water vapor in her breath forms liquid water. What happens to turn the water vapor in her breath into liquid water?

A. Heat is added to the water vapor from the surrounding air.B. The temperature of the water vapor increases as it leaves her body.C. The water molecules become more spread apart as they touch the window.D. Heat leaves the water vapor as it touches the cool window.

SC.7.P.11.2 Investigate and describe the transformation of energy from one form to another.Cognitive Complexity/Depth of Knowledge Rating: Moderate

31.Which sequence of energy transformations occurs after a battery-operated flashlight is turned on?

A. electrical → light → chemicalB. electrical → chemical → lightC. chemical → light → electricalD. chemical → electrical → light

32.An electrical generator in a science classroom makes a light bulb glow when a student turns a hand crank on the generator. During its operation, this generator performs which of the following energy transformations?

A mechanical energy to electrical energyB electrical energy to chemical energyC chemical energy to electrical energyD electrical energy to mechanical energy

33.The diagrams below show a model airplane.

Which energy transformation occurs in a rubber band powered model airplane when it is flown?

A. Thermal energy stored in the rubber band is transformed into chemical energy used by the propeller.B. Kinetic energy stored in the rubber band is transformed into thermal energy used by the propeller.C. Chemical energy stored in the rubber band is transformed into potential energy used by the propeller.D. Potential energy stored in the rubber band is transformed into mechanical energy used by the propeller.

SC.7.P.11.3 Cite evidence to explain that energy cannot be created nor destroyed, only changed from one form toanother. Cognitive Complexity/Depth of Knowledge Rating: High

34.The total energy of a ball before it is dropped must _________ after the ball is dropped and hits the ground.

a. increase c. decrease then increase after it hits the ground

b. decrease d. remain the same

35.When it reaches Position 5, it rolls back down the track.

Which description below is most consistent with what you can expect from the ball’s motion?A. The ball will roll as high as Position 1 since energy cannot be created or destroyed.B. The ball will roll past Position 1 since energy cannot be created or destroyed.C. The ball will roll as high as Position 2 since some of the energy will be transformed to heat.D. The ball will roll as high as Position 3 since that position has the least potential energy.

SC.7.P.11.4 Observe and describe that heat flows in predictable ways, moving from warmer objects to cooler onesuntil they reach the same temperature. Cognitive Complexity/Depth of Knowledge Rating: Moderate

36.Kirby leaves a small beaker of water at 80 ºC in a large room with an air temperature of 20 ºC. He measures the temperature of the water in the beaker every five minutes. At what temperature will the water temperature stop decreasing?

A. 0 °CB. 20 °CC. 50 °CD. 80 °C

Life ScienceSC.7.L.15.1 Recognize that fossil evidence is consistent with the scientific theory of evolution that living things evolved from earlier species. Cognitive Complexity/Depth of Knowledge Rating: Moderate

37.What is suggested by the figure?

A Horses appeared no more than a million years ago and had no ancestors before that time.

B There were no animals that would be considered to be related to horses 55-50 million years ago.

C The modern horse is related to other extinct species.D The hyracotherium is the same species as the modern horse.

38.When paleontologists study fossil, which is true of the fossil record that they find?

A. The fossil record shows that organisms have changed very little over time.B. The fossil record is inconsistent with the scientific theory of evolution.C. The fossil record is very limited and offers little knowledge about the history

of life.D. The fossil record shows how different groups of organisms have changed

over time.

SC.7.L.15.2 Explore the scientific theory of evolution by recognizing and explaining ways in which genetic variation and environmental factors contribute to evolution by natural selection and diversity of organisms.Cognitive Complexity/Depth of Knowledge Rating: High

39.According to the theory of natural selection, what would happen to a species of lizards when a new predator is introduced into the environment where the lizards live?

a. The lizards that already have the physical traits needed to avoid the newpredator would be more likely to survive and reproduce, and the ones that do notwould be less likely to survive and reproduce.b. All of the lizards would try to develop new physical traits to avoid the newpredator.c. Some of the lizards would try to develop new physical traits to avoid the newpredator, and the other lizards would die.d. Because all lizards of the same species have the same physical traits, one lizardwould not have an advantage over another lizard. They would either all survive orall die.

40.The drawings below represent three different birds. The beak shape makes it easy for each bird to obtain food in a different way.

The differences in beak shape are examples of

(A) camouflage (B) dynamic equilibrium(C) competition (D) biological adaptation

41. If the monarch butterfly lives in the Eastern states, usually east of the Rocky Mountains, it will migrate to Mexico and hibernate in oyamel fir trees. What is this type of behavior called?

a. structural

b. functional

c. behavioral

d. adaptive

SC.7.L.15.3 Explore the scientific theory of evolution by relating how the inability of a species to adapt within a changing environment may contribute to the extinction of that species. Cognitive Complexity/Depth of Knowledge Rating: High

42.A certain reptile species is a herbivore and exists only on an isolated island. Which of the following would most likely result in the extinction of the reptile species over a period of twenty thousand years?

a. The reptile species produces many offspring with many unique traits, and thevegetation remains constant.b. The reptile species produces few offspring with some unique traits, and thevegetation remains constant.c. The reptile species produces few offspring with no unique traits, and thevegetation changes quickly.d. The reptile species produces many offspring with some unique traits, and the vegetation changes slowly.

43.Moths are a type of insects similar to butterflies. A species of moth lived in a forest made up of a mixture of dark and light colored trees. Some of the moths were dark colored and some were light colored. The coloring of these moths is inherited from parent to offspring. The dark moths were hidden from predators on the dark trees, and the light moths were hidden on the light trees.

When the light colored trees were killed by a disease, the forest was suddenly made up almost entirely of dark colored trees. Generations later, almost all the moths had the dark coloring. Which of the following gives a correct explanation?

A. The light moths that survived did not mate and have offspring because they saw that their offspring would easily be seen and eaten by predators.

B. The light moths that survived had dark offspring because the change in the environment caused the parents to have offspring that would do better in the changed environment.

C. The light moths saw that the dark moths were less likely to be eaten by predator, so they made themselves dark as well.

D. The dark moths were better hidden from predators, so more of them survived. Because dark parents outnumbered light parents, there were many more dark offspring than light offspring in the next generation.

SC.7.L.16.1 Understand and explain that every organism requires a set of instructions that specifies its traits, that thishereditary information (DNA) contains genes located in the chromosomes of each cell, and that heredity isthe passage of these instructions from one generation to another. Cognitive Complexity/Depth of Knowledge Rating: High

44. Traits are transferred from generation to generation through the a. sperm onlyb. egg onlyc. sperm and the eggd. testes

45. Which diagram shows what happens to the number of chromosomes in the muscle cells of a chimpanzee when a single muscle cell divides to form two muscle cells?

Diagram – 1 Diagram -2

A. Diagram 1 shows what happens to the number of chromosomes in the muscle cells of a chimpanzee when one muscle cell divides to form two muscle cells.

B. Diagram 2 shows what happens to the number of chromosomes in the muscle cells of a chimpanzee when one muscle cell divides to form two muscle cells.

C. Diagram 1 shows what happens to the number of chromosomes in the muscle cells of a chimpanzee and Diagram 2 shows what happens to the number of chromosomes when all the other types of cells in the chimps body divide.

D. Neither diagram shows what happens to the number of chromosomes of the muscle cells of a chimpanzee when one muscle cell divides to form two muscle cells.

46.Which of the following contain genetic information?

A. Chromosomes and DNA moleculesB. Just DNA molecules C. DNA molecules and GenesD. Chromosomes, Genes, and DNA molecules

48 48

24 24 48 48

SC.7.L.16.2 Determine the probabilities for genotype and phenotype combinations using Punnett Squares andpedigrees. Cognitive Complexity/Depth of Knowledge Rating: Moderate

47. In pea plants the allele for smooth is S and wrinkled is s. In this cross between two pea plants, the offspring are:

-

a. 100% smooth. c. 75% wrinkled and 25% smooth.b. 50% smooth and 50% wrinkled. d. 75% smooth and 25% wrinkled.

48.A and B are the same kind of fish. A has a genotype for narrow fins (ww), and B has a genotype for wide fins (W-). Which of the following genotypes of parent fish will produce only offspring having wide fins?

a. Ww and Ww c. Ww and wwb. WW and ww d. ww and ww

SC.7.L.16.3 Compare and contrast the general processes of sexual reproduction requiring meiosis and asexualreproduction requiring mitosis. Cognitive Complexity/Depth of Knowledge Rating: Moderate

Use the table to answer the following questions.

49.How many chromosomes are in a fern’s egg?

a. 315 c. 945b. 630 d. 1260

50.Which type of cells form through meiosis?

a. sex cells c. zygote cellsb. body cells d. epithelial cells

51. Is there a genetic difference in the daughter cells produced during mitosis and meiosis?

A. No during mitosis and meiosis the daughter cells are genetically the same.B. No during mitosis and meiosis the daughter cells are genetically different.C. Yes during mitosis and meiosis the daughter cells are genetically different in

mitosis but genetically the same in meiosis.D. Yes during mitosis and meiosis the daughter cells are genetically different in

meiosis but genetically the same in mitosis.

SC.7.L.17.1 Explain and illustrate the roles of and relationships among producers, consumers, and decomposers in the process of energy transfer in a food web. Cognitive Complexity/Depth of Knowledge Rating: High

Use the below food web to answer the below questions.

52. In the food web above, which of the following organisms feeds on the largest variety of different producers?

A. B. C. D.

53. In a food web above if the snake population increased what would probably happen to the hawk populations and the frog population?

A. The hawk population will increase and the frog will decrease. B. The hawk population will decrease and the frog will increase. C. Both the hawk and frog populations will decrease.D. Both the hawk and frog populations will increase.

54. What would happen within a few months if all decomposers on Earth disappeared overnight?

A. There would be an overabundance of organic waste.B. Plants would grow out of controlC. Animals would grow out of controlD. There would be no visible impact

55. Why is an energy pyramid shaped the way it is?

A. because the available energy decreases at each stepB. because the available energy increases at each stepC. because the available energy stays the same at each stepD. because the available energy fluctuates from step to step

SC.7.L.17.2 Compare and contrast the relationships among organisms such as mutualism, predation, parasitism,competition, and commensalism. Cognitive Complexity/Depth of Knowledge Rating: Moderate

56.The gall insect lays eggs in an oak tree, causing a lump that isn’t harmful to the tree. The gall insect also gets shelter and food from the tree. This type of relationship is known as:

A. Commensalism B. Mutualism C. Parasitism D. Predation

57. The cowbird lays eggs in other birds’ nests and the cowbird chicks push out the host eggs and eat the parents’ food.

A. Commensalism B. Mutualism C. Parasitism D. Predation

SC.7.L.17.3 Describe and investigate various limiting factors in the local ecosystem and their impact on nativepopulations, including food, shelter, water, space, disease, parasitism, predation, and nesting sites.Cognitive Complexity/Depth of Knowledge Rating: High

58. In some parts of the country, the white tailed deer population grows to the point that it is a problem for the people in the area. They cause accidents when they wander into roadways. They destroy crops and other plants. Often in those areas, the government will allow hunters to take a greater number of deer than usual. This is an example of people introducing a _____ to the deer population.

A limiting factor C biotic potentialB capacity D parasitic relationship

59.Would the carrying capacity of an area for a species be effected by the other species that live in the same area?

A No, each species is separate.B Only if the species in question and the second species eat the same food.C Only in the winter when food and shelter are more scarce.D Yes, all the populations in a community effect each other.

60.Each organism has its own unique way to survive, obtain food and shelter, and avoid danger. This is called that organism’s _____.

A. habitat B symbioticC. niche D. community

61. In a pond, the primary producer is a green alga, Spirogyra; the primary consumer is the crustacean, Daphnia; the secondary consumer is a small fish, the bluegill; and the tertiary consumer is a larger fish, the smallmouth bass. What changes can be expected in the pond if the Daphnia are killed with pesticides?

A. The Spirogyra population will probably die.B. The bluegill population will probably increase.C. The Daphnia population will eat something else.D. The smallmouth bass population will decrease.

Benchmarks not assessed on the above test.

SC.7.L.16.4 Recognize and explore the impact of biotechnology (cloning, genetic engineering, artificial selection) onthe individual, society and the environment. Cognitive Complexity/Depth of Knowledge Rating: High