3.0 - 3.5 Optics Review PackageNAME:

Section 3.0: Human Eye

Vocabulary: What do each of these structure do?1. Cornea2. Pupil3. Lens4. Iris5. Ciliary muscles6. Vitreous humour7. Aqueous humour8. Retina9. Optic nerve10. Sclera

Check your understanding:1. Why do we have a blind spot?2. Why do our pupils shrink in bright light, and expand in low light?3. Why do images appear upside down at the back of our eye?4. What organ interprets the light signals received by the retina?5. Can you identify each part of the eye from the diagram below?

6. What structure in the eye is similar to the aperture in a camera?7. What structure in the eye is similar to the camera shell in a camera?8. What structure in the eye is similar to film in a camera?9. What would happen to your vision if the vitreous humour was a cloudy substance

instead of a clear substance?10. What would happen to your vision if your retina was wrinkly?11. What would happen to your vision if your lens became really rigid?

Section 3.1 - 3.2: Properties of Electromagnetic Radiation

Vocabulary:1. Light ray2. Wave3. Wavelength4. Amplitude5. Frequency6. Crest7. Trough8. Photon 9. Photoelectric effect10. Wave-particle duality11. Electromagnetic spectrum

a. Radio wavesb. Microwavesc. Infraredd. Visible lighte. Ultraviolet f. X-rayg. Gamma ray

Key Concepts:1. Light travels in straight paths2. Light scatters3. Light has both wave and particle properties4. Electromagnetic radiation is a form of energy5. Visible light is a very narrow region on the electromagnetic spectrum that we can see

Check Your Understanding:1. Can you label the wave below with wavelength, crest, trough, amplitude?

2. What happens to frequency if the wavelength increases?3. What happens to the energy of a wave if the frequency increases?4. Which colour has the longer wavelength, red or violet?5. How does the double slit experiment show that light travels as waves?6. Identify two natural sources of electromagnetic radiation and two artificial (human made)

sources.

7. Describe two ways in which electromagnetic radiation can cause harm to living things.8. A criminal investigator testifies in court that traces of blood were found at the scene of a

crime, even after the suspect tried to clean it up.9. Describe a way that electromagnetic radiation helps us to communicate.

Section 3.3 - How does light behave when it encounters different materials and surfaces?

Vocabulary:● Reflection● Absorption● Transmission● Refraction● Transparent● Translucent● Opaque● incident ray

Key Concepts:1. Light can be reflected, absorbed, transmitted or refracted2. Light behaves differently when it encounters transparent, translucent or opaque

materials

Check Your Understanding:1. What materials do you know that reflect light? Give three examples.2. What materials do you know that absorb light? Give three examples.3. What materials do you know that transmit light? Give three examples.4. Use the concepts of transmission, scattering, absorption and reflection to explain what

happens to visible light when it strikes each surface below:a. A transparent glass windowb. A window covered by sheer curtainsc. A window covered by blackout blinds

5. Explain why you can see your face reflected in a smooth glass mirror but not in a sheet of smooth white paper

6. What would the world look like if the following situations existed on Earth? Justify your responses.

a. Objects no longer reflect lightb. Materials cannot transmit lightc. All wavelengths of visible light are either reflected or absorbed (there is no in

between)d. All objects transmit light

Section 3.4 - How does light behave when it is reflected?

Vocabulary:● laws of reflection● incident ray● angle of reflection● angle of incidence● plane mirror● reflected ray● concave mirror● normal● convex mirror

Key Concepts:1. Light is reflected in predictable patterns2. Light reflected by a plane mirror produces an image that is nearly identical to the object3. Light reflected by curved mirrors behaves in unique ways4. Many technologies take advantage of light’s behaviour when it strikes a surface

Check Your Understanding:1. Make or find a simple, accurate drawing in which the following are labelled: An incident

ray, a reflected ray, the normal, angle of incidence, angle of reflection2. Makeup mirrors usually have two sides. On one side, the mirror is flat, and on the other

side the mirror is slightly curved inward.a. Draw or find (through google) a diagram of a makeup mirror that shows both

mirrors and put belowb. What are the correct terms to describe the two types of mirrors?c. How do the images that you see in the two mirrors differ from each other?d. Explain why the curved mirror is helpful for applying makeup.

3. Examine the diagram below. Predict how you could use mirrors to make a light ray that

travels along Line A reflect back along Line B. How could you test your prediction?

4. You are looking in an amusement park mirror. Your image appears smaller than you and closer to the mirror than you are. Your image is upright and looks like it is behind the mirror.

a. What type of mirror are you looking at?b. Explain how you decided on your answer.

5. Describe all the ways an image in a mirror can differ from the original object.6. In large warehouses where forklifts are used to transport large crates, you often see

convex mirrors like the one below hanging from the ceiling.

a. What do you think is the purpose of these mirrors?b. Why are convex mirrors used instead of plane mirrors?

Section 3.4 Part 2: How does light behave when it moves from one medium to another?

Vocabulary:● lens● converging lens● diverging lens

Key Concepts:1. Light changes direction and speed when it moves from one medium to another.2. Light refracts as it passes through lenses3. Refraction plays a role in human vision.4. Many technologies take advantage of light’s behaviour when it moves from one medium

to another.

Check Your Understanding:1. Draw or find a labelled diagram to show how the human eye sense light from a source2. Explain how vision depends on reflection, refraction, absorption and transmission of

light.

3. The diagram below shows a beaker of cooking oil and water with a light ray about to enter the oil. The speed of light for the three media are shown beside the beaker.

a. Use the information on the speed of light to rank the three media in terms of density. Explain why you ranked each medium as you did.

b. Based on your answers to part a), explain how the path of light changes as it moves from one medium to the next.

4. Is the statement below true or false? Justify your response. Light can travel across the boundary between two media without refracting if both media have the same density.

Section 3.5: Applications

Vocabulary:1. Nearsighted2. Farsighted3.

Check your understanding:1. Describe the vision of someone who is nearsighted.2. Describe the vision of someone who is farsighted.3. What causes someone to be nearsighted?4. What causes someone to be farsighted?5. What structure of the eye does laser eye surgery work on?6. How do contact lenses and glasses work?