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Biomimicry Taxonomy仿生學分類

What is the biomimicry taxonomy? 什麼是仿生學的分類？

· Break down (87) 分解（87）

· Chemically break down (61) 化學分解（61）

· Catalyze chemical reactions (9) 化學催化反應（9）

· Enzyme quickly metabolizes alcohol: European starling 酒精代謝酶迅速：歐洲八哥

· Enzyme catalyzes many reactions: plants 許多酶催化反應：植物

· Producing energy from sugars: cells 從糖產生能量：細胞

· Creating energy from sunlight: plants 建立能源來自陽光：植物

· Larvae protect from cyanide: Sara longwing butterfly 幼蟲免受氰化物：薩拉longwing蝴蝶

· Gut:enhancing anaerobic digestion:earthworm 腸：加強厭氧消化：蚯蚓

· Increase biofuel yields: microorganism metabolic engineering 增加生物燃料產量：微生物代謝工程

· Tyrisonase enzymes aid crosslinking: organisms Tyrisonase酶援助交聯：有機體

· Cleave halogens from organic compounds (0) 從劈開鹵素有機化合物（0）

· Cleave heavy metals from organic compounds (3) 克奧夫重金屬有機物（3）

· Enzymes detoxify mercury compounds: bacteria 汞化合物解毒酶：細菌

· Mining metals: marine bacteria 金屬採礦：海洋細菌

· Other inorganic compounds (5) 其他無機化合物（5）

· CO2 breakdown used in organic compound manufacturing: plants 二氧化碳分解有機化合物用於生產：植物

· Enzyme degrades lignin: Trametes fungi 酶降解木質素：槐耳菌

· Digesting various substances: fungi 消化的物質：真菌

· Other organic compounds (38) 其他有機化合物（38）

· Multiple organisms interact: soil ecosystem 多種生物相互影響：土壤生態系統

· Multiple organisms strip nutrients: forests 多種生物帶營養素：森林

· Enzymes allow cellulose digestion: bacteria 纖維素酶消化允許：細菌

· Enzymatic liquid digests insects: green pitcher-plant 昆蟲消化酶液：綠色投手廠內

· Cellulose digested for fuel: protozoans 纖維素消化燃料：原生動物

· Enzyme oxidizes fat-soluble organic chemicals: animals 氧化酶脂溶性有機化工類：動物

· Organisms work together to decompose cellulose: earthworm 生物體的共同努力，分解纖維素：蚯蚓

· Toxin breaks down tissue: Mycobacterium ulcerans 組織分解毒素：潰瘍分枝桿菌

· VOCs used as carbon and energy source: fungus 揮發性有機物作為碳源和能源：木耳

· Enzymes help break down plant cell walls: Bacillus bacteria 酵素幫助分解植物細胞壁：芽孢桿菌

· Organism digests blood: hookworm 機體消化血液：鉤蟲

· Gut microbes digest cellulose: termites 腸道微生物消化纖維素：白蟻

· Special liquid softens hard cocoon: puss moth 特殊液體軟化硬繭：貓蛾

· Bacteria degrade petroleum hydrocarbons: Marinobacter 細菌降解石油碳氫化合物：Marinobacter

· Enzyme breaks down hydrocarbons: bacteria 酶分解碳氫化合物：細菌

· Chemicals used in defense: termites 化學品用於防禦：白蟻

· Microorganisms degrade crude oil: bacteria 微生物降解原油：細菌

· Enzyme degrades lignin: Trametes fungi 酶降解木質素：槐耳菌

· Extremophile converts fatty-acids into energy: bacteria Extremophile轉換脂肪酸脂肪酸轉化為能量：細菌

· Enzyme breaks down hydrogen peroxide: thermal pool microbes 過氧化氫酶分解：熱水池微生物

· Exoskeleton is dissolved: dragonfly 外骨骼溶解：蜻蜓

· Diversity increases efficiency: soil ecosystem 多樣性提高效率：土壤生態系統

· Breaking down crude oil: Archaea bacteria 打破原油：古細菌

· Breaking down crude oil: aerobic bacteria 打破原油：好氧菌

· Breaking down crude oil: fungi 打破原油：真菌

· Breaking down crude oil: yeast 打破原油：酵母

· Skin resists microorganisms: pilot whale 皮膚抵抗微生物：巨頭鯨

· Digestive solution removes excess algae: giant clam 消化過剩的解決方案消除藻：巨蚌

· Secretions break down algal walls: stony corals 分泌物分解藻類的牆上寫著：石珊瑚


· Breaking down cellulose: forest fungi 分解纖維素：森林真菌

· Food digested externally: houseflies 食物消化外部：家蠅

· Mixture waterproofs nests: paper wasps 混合雨衣巢：紙黃蜂

· Head bores through wood: shipworm 在木材孔頭：船蛆

· Bees collect DDT: orchid bees 蜜蜂採集滴滴涕：蘭花蜜蜂

· Symbiosis enhances pollutant breakdown: plants and microbes 共生提高污染物分解：植物和微生物

· Bacteria eating oil -oil killer 細菌吃油，油殺手

· Polymers (6) 聚合物（6）

· Bacteria reduce acetate, not methane: kangaroo 醋酸菌減少，而不是甲烷：袋鼠

· Enzymes break down cellulose, toxins: multicolor gill polypore 纖維素分解酶，毒素：多色鰓多孔菌

· Exoskeleton is dissolved: dragonfly 外骨骼溶解：蜻蜓


· Breaking down cellulose: forest fungi 分解纖維素：森林真菌

· Microbes make natural polyester: bacteria 微生物使天然聚酯：細菌

· Physically break down (26) 身體分解（26）

· Abiotic materials (5) 非生物材料（5）

· Teeth scrape and grind to break down coral: parrotfish 牙齒刮磨打破珊瑚：鸚哥

· Mineral crystals enhance rasping power: chitons 礦物晶體提高刺耳功率：石鱉

· Crystals of metal salts improve cutting ability: herbivorous insects 晶體金屬鹽類提高切割能力：植食性昆蟲

· Mineral crystals enhance cutting ability: limpet 礦物晶體提高切割能力：帽貝

· Biotic materials (21) 生物材料（21）



· Chewing through wood: harlequin beetle 通過咀嚼木：丑角甲蟲

· Teeth crush shells: walrus 彈牙粉碎：海象

· Jaws shear flesh: alligator snapping turtle 大白鯊剪肉：鱷魚鱷龜

· Tongue cuts through fish scales: lamprey 通過削減舌鱗魚：七鰓鰻

· Mouth cuts through chitin: velvet mite 口通過削減甲殼素：天鵝絨蟎

· Jaws cut leaves precisely: leaf cutting ants 大白鯊切葉精確地說：切葉蟻

· Teeth specialized to diet: macropods 牙專門用於飲食：macropods

· Mouth sorts and grinds food: platypus 口種類及研磨食物：鴨嘴獸

· Crystals of metal salts improve cutting ability: herbivorous insects 晶體金屬鹽類提高切割能力：植食性昆蟲

· Mineral crystals enhance cutting ability: limpet 礦物晶體提高切割能力：帽貝

· Mineral crystals enhance rasping power: chitons 礦物晶體提高刺耳功率：石鱉

· Specialized teeth wear down but remain effective: grazing animals 專業牙齒磨損，但仍然有效：草食動物

· Snout works as drill: acorn weevil 吻工程，鑽：橡實象鼻蟲

· Ovipositor drills through wood: parasitic wasps 通過產卵器鑽木：寄生蜂

· Beak cuts up food: trogons 比克削減了食物：trogons

· Head bores through wood: shipworm 在木材孔頭：船蛆

· Teeth adapted to changing environments: great apes 牙適應不斷變化的環境：類人猿

· Breaking down wood: galatheid crab 打破木材：galatheid蟹

· Get, store, or distribute resources (408) 獲取，存儲，或分配資源（408）

· Capture, absorb, or filter (239) 捕捉，吸收，或過濾器（239）

· Bulk solids (2) 散裝固體（2）

· Long roots grow in saline water: Tamarix tree 龍根生長在鹹水：檉柳樹

· Chemical entities (40) 化學實體（40）

· Structures absorb amino acids: potbelly airplant 結構吸收氨基酸：啤酒肚airplant

· Gills exchange oxygen efficiently: fish 吉爾斯氧氣交換效率：魚

· Intestines absorb glucose fast: hummingbird 腸道吸收葡萄糖快速：蜂鳥

· Membrane channel lets only some ions in: Streptomyces lividans 膜離子通道只讓一些在：鏈黴菌

· Nitrogen fixed for termites: spirochete bacteria 氮固定的白蟻：螺旋體細菌

· Diet compensates for mineral deficiencies: red deer 飲食補償礦物質缺乏：紅鹿

· Self-medicating prevents disease: rabbits 自我藥物治療預防疾病：兔子

· Gene transfers enhance photosynthesis: marine viruses 提高光合作用的基因轉移：海洋病毒

· Kidneys filter impurities: human 腎臟過濾雜質：人類

· Leaves capture water: bromeliads 葉捕捉水：鳳梨

· Mounds accumulate calcium carbonate: termites 丘積累碳酸鈣：白蟻

· Organs detect scent: reptiles 偵查機關氣味：爬行動物

· Membranes desalinate water: mangrove 膜淡化水：紅樹林

· Cells detect and sequester toxic copper: Mycobacterium tuberculosis 細胞毒性檢測和隔離銅：結核分枝桿菌

· Tissues absorb nitrogen: haircap moss 組織中吸收氮：haircap苔

· Mechanism concentrates inorganic carbon: diatoms 無機碳的機理集中：矽藻

· Siphon filters seawater: sea squirt 虹吸式過濾海水：海鞘

· Rootlets reabsorb nutrients: giant groundsel 根的重吸收營養成分：巨人格朗茲爾

· Roots absorb nutrients from dead leaves: cushion plants 根系吸收養分的枯葉：墊狀植物

· Dissolved gold is precipitated: bacteria 黃金溶解析出：細菌

· Proteins limit nanoparticle dispersal: sulfate-reducing bacteria 限制蛋白質納米分散：硫酸鹽還原菌

· Surviving low nutrient, low light conditions: peatland plants 倖存的低營養，低光照條件：泥炭地植物

· Photosynthesis with low CO2: peatland plants 光合作用的低二氧化碳：泥炭地植物


· Epiphytes capture nutrients: bromeliads 附生植物捕捉營養成分：鳳梨


· Antennae detect odors: dampwood termite 天線檢測氣味：dampwood白蟻

· Body surface gathers nutrients: tapeworms 體表聚集營養素：絛蟲

· Sensitivity to sweetness aids in food selection: honeybee 敏感性甜度艾滋病食物選擇：蜜蜂

· Underwater sensors detect odors: spiny lobster 水下傳感器探測到的氣味：龍蝦

· Symbiosis provides nutrients: cicadas 共生提供營養成分：蟬

· Relationship provides nutrients: pitcher plant 關係提供營養成分：豬籠草

· Bacterial symbionts provide nitrogen: leafcutter ants 共生細菌提供氮：切葉蟻

· Foraging aids revegetation: greater bilby 覓食艾滋病植被恢復：大比爾比

· Pores move water through membranes: cells 毛孔將水通過膜：細胞

· Vegetation captures nutrients: hedgerows 植被捕獲營養成分：植物籬

· Organisms concentrate carbon dioxide: green algae 生物體集中二氧化碳：綠藻


· Energy (39) 能源（39）

· Photosynthesis: Cooke's koki'o 光合作用：庫克的koki'o

· Leaves maximize sun exposure: plants 葉最大限度地曬太陽：植物

· Pigment enhances light absorption: tropical plants 提高光吸收色素：熱帶植物

· Organisms capture radiation: black fungus 生物體捕獲輻射：黑木耳

· Nest maximizes solar heat absorption: wood ants 鳥巢最大限度地吸收太陽能熱量：木螞蟻

· Collective body heat warms nest: wood ants 集體的體溫溫暖窩：木螞蟻

· Structures maximize light absorption: plants 結構最大限度地吸收光線：植物

· Pigment cells absorb incidental light: insects 色素細胞吸收附帶燈：昆蟲

· Leaves optimize internal state: mangrove 葉優化內部狀態：紅樹林

· Crystals draw sunlight into plant: window plants 水晶畫陽光進入植物：植物窗口

· Tendons store energy: bushbaby 腱儲存能量：bushbaby

· Leaves optimize photosynthesis: giant water-lily 葉片光合作用優化：巨水百合

· Achilles tendons enhance jumping: kangaroo 跟腱提高跳躍：袋鼠

· Creating energy from sunlight: plants 建立能源來自陽光：植物

· Surviving low nutrient, low light conditions: peatland plants 倖存的低營養，低光照條件：泥炭地植物

· Transparent patches of mantle focus light: giant clam 透明補丁地幔重點光：巨蚌


· Optimizing exposure to sunlight: stony corals 優化暴露在陽光下：石珊瑚


· Photosynthesis in low-light conditions: Taeniophyllum orchid 光合作用在光線不足的條件：Taeniophyllum蘭花

· Skeletal construction provides shock absorption: cats 骨骼肌建設提供減震：貓

· Surviving extended confinement: lungfish 倖存的擴展約束：肺魚

· Managing irregular food supplies: crossbills 不規則的糧食供應管理：crossbills

· Relationship provides nutrients, housing, protection: bull horn acacia and acacia ants 關係提供營養，住房，保護：牛角相思樹，相思螞蟻

· Herd finds fresh food: wildebeests 赫德找到新鮮的食物：角馬

· Leaves focus light: begonias 葉集中光線：秋海棠

· Ribbon-like roots absorb moisture: Taeniophyllum orchid 絲帶般的根吸收水分：Taeniophyllum蘭花

· Mutant gene flattens leaves: snapdragon 突變基因平展葉：金魚草

· Iridescent thin layer provides photoprotection: understory rainforest plants 五彩薄層提供光保護：林下雨林植物

· Leading edge of seed creates vortex lift: maple 前緣渦升力種子創建：楓木

· Algae produce oil: diatoms 藻類產生油：矽藻

· Tentacles help filter food: burrowing sea cucumber 觸角幫助過濾食物：海參穴居

· Light-gathering apparatus adjusts to conditions: purple bacteria 聚光器調整到條件：紫細菌

· Pelt is adapted for thermoregulation: numbat 佩爾特是改編體溫調節：numbat

· Blades balance light interception, drag: bull kelp 葉片平衡光截獲，拖動：公牛海帶

· Blubber absorbs heat: bottlenose dolphin 巴波吸收熱量：瓶鼻海豚

· Leaf fan optimizes cooling and wind resistance: fan palm tree 優化冷卻風扇葉片和抗風能力：風扇棕櫚樹


· Gases (11) 氣體（11）

· Nitrogen fixed for termites: spirochete bacteria 氮固定的白蟻：螺旋體細菌

· Bubble allows breathing underwater: Potamodytes beetle 水下氣泡使呼吸：Potamodytes甲蟲

· Skin acts as membrane: sea snake 皮膚作為膜：海蛇

· Spider creates underwater air tank: water spider 蜘蛛創造水下儲氣罐：水蜘蛛

· Underhairs provide insulation: Merino sheep Underhairs提供絕緣：美利奴羊

· Mechanism concentrates inorganic carbon: diatoms 無機碳的機理集中：矽藻

· Fine filaments absorb oxygen: newt 細纖維吸收氧氣：蠑螈

· Aerating device delivers oxygen: mangroves 曝氣裝置提供氧氣：紅樹林

· Leaves adjust to changing environment: Common arrowhead 葉適應不斷變化的環境：普通箭頭

· Leaves retain air films underwater: water fern 葉保留空氣薄膜水下：水蕨

· Liquids (43) 液體（43）

· Nasal surfaces remove water vapor: camel 鼻腔表面除去水蒸氣：駱駝

· Grooves gather water: thorny devil 水收集槽：棘手的魔鬼

· Water vapor harvesting: Namib desert beetle 水蒸汽收集：納米布沙漠甲蟲

· Electric current reduces friction: common earthworm 電流減少摩擦：普通蚯蚓

· Water absorbed from humid air: brown dog tick 從潮濕的空氣中吸收水分：黃狗蜱

· Roots maximize water uptake: plants 最大限度地提高水的吸收根：植物


· Leaf arrangement collects water: epiphytes 葉子的排列收集水：附生植物

· Pebbles aid dew condensation: Australian mouse 鵝卵石援助結露：澳大利亞鼠標

· Ice nucleation captures water: lichen 冰核捕捉水：地衣

· Silk protects from flooding, captures water: barking spider 絲綢免受洪水，捕捉水：咆哮蜘蛛

· Trees comb water from clouds: cloud forests 梳水樹雲：雲霧林

· Leaves survive desiccation: Spanish moss 葉生存乾燥：西班牙苔蘚

· Skin protects from dehydration: file snake 皮膚免受脫水：文件蛇

· Pressure forces blood from pores: grasshopper 壓力迫使血液從毛孔：蝗蟲

· Density moderates microclimate: alpine sandwort 溫和派密度小氣候：高山sandwort

· Proboscis forms a flexible, sealed cylinder: butterfly 長鼻形式靈活，密封缸：蝴蝶

· Pouch scoops and drains water: pink-backed pelican 袋鏟和水渠水：粉紅背鵜鶘

· Nasal turbinates reduce water loss: northern elephant seal 鼻甲骨減少水的損失：北象海豹

· Anus absorbs water: woodlice 肛門吸水：潮蟲

· Stance and skin channels harvest rainwater: Texas horned lizard 姿態和皮膚渠道收集雨水：德州長角的蜥蜴

· Setae draw water from mud: marsh crab 剛毛打水從泥：沼澤蟹

· Leaves channel dew as water source: Welwitschia 葉露通道作為水源：Welwitschia

· Wiry tangles capture fog: lichens 弦纏結捕捉霧：地衣

· Suckers steal water and nutrients: Australian Christmas tree 吸盤偷水和養分：澳大利亞聖誕樹

· Flexible stalk adjusts to flow forces: Styela sea squirt 柔性流動秸稈調整力量：海鞘海鞘

· Concentrated form reduces water requirements: frogs 濃縮的形式減少對水的需求：青蛙

· Hydration increases internal pressure: legumes 水化增加內部壓力：豆類


· Roots absorb moisture from humid air: orchids 根吸收水分，從潮濕的空氣：蘭花

· Pressure sucks moisture from soil: desert plants 從土壤水分吸壓力：荒漠植物

· Concentrating blood lightens weight: vampire bats 濃縮血減輕重量：吸血蝙蝠

· Ribbon-like roots absorb moisture: Taeniophyllum orchid 絲帶般的根吸收水分：Taeniophyllum蘭花

· Forelegs mop up plant oil: solitary bees 前肢掃蕩植物油：孤蜂

· Leaves have elasticity, shape memory: resurrection fern 葉片有彈性，形狀記憶：復活蕨

· Rosettes capture fog: Tillandsia 薔薇捕捉霧：鐵蘭

· Spores are self-propelled: wood ear mushroom 孢子是自走式：木木耳

· Skin regulates water absorption: tree frog 調節皮膚水分吸收：樹蛙

· Trenches gather water: flying saucer trench beetle 塹壕收集水：飛碟海溝甲蟲

· Tongue defeats gravity: cats 舌失敗的嚴重性：貓

· Pores move water through membranes: cells 毛孔將水通過膜：細胞

· Plants use osmosis to create an actuator. 植物利用滲透創造一個執行機構。

· Organisms (83) 生物體（83）

· Hairs cause loss of footing: marsh pitchers 毛髮造成損失的基礎上：沼澤投手

· Walls keep insect feet from sticking: pitcherplants 牆使昆蟲的腳粘：pitcherplants

· Filter feeding moves water: Venus flower basket 水濾食性動作：金星花籃

· Optical illusion may attract insects: titan arum 光學錯覺，可能會吸引昆蟲：泰坦魔芋花

· Silk tricks insects: spiders 絲綢花樣昆蟲：蜘蛛

· Pressure allows movement: echinoderms 壓力使運動：棘皮類動物

· Baleen plates filter food: blue whale 鯨須板過濾食物：藍鯨

· Noise stuns prey: spinner dolphin 噪音擊暈獵物：飛旋海豚

· Sound waves stun prey: bottlenose dolphin 聲波擊暈獵物：瓶鼻海豚

· Lure tricks prey: bolas spider 誘惑招數獵物：博拉斯蜘蛛

· Lamellae filter food of different sizes: flamingo 片層過濾大小不同的食品：火烈鳥

· Specialized gills filter plankton: basking shark 專業鰓過濾浮游生物：姥鯊

· Glue protects from insect bites: burrowing frog 膠免受昆蟲叮咬：穴居青蛙

· Fins funnel food: manta ray 鰭漏斗食物：曼塔射線

· Bristles and barbs capture minute foods: Calanoid copepods 豬鬃和倒鉤分鐘捕捉食物：Calanoid橈足類

· Net filters algae: salp 網過濾藻：salp


· Adhesive glues prey: velvet worms 膠粘劑膠水獵物：天鵝絨蟲

· Joint aids suspension feeding: sea pen 艾滋病聯合暫停餵養：海筆

· Electric organs generate volts: rajid skates 電動器官產生電壓：rajid冰鞋

· Electric organs generate volts: electric stargazers 器官產生伏特電：電天文學家

· Electric organs have many purposes: Amazon electric eel 電氣機關有很多用途：亞馬遜電鰻

· Electric organ stuns prey, deters attackers: electric catfish 電子琴擊暈獵物，阻嚇攻擊者：電鯰魚

· Detachable bristles immobilize ants: Polyxenid millipede 可拆刷毛固定螞蟻：Polyxenid千足蟲

· Special tongue captures soft prey: long-beaked echidna 特別柔軟的舌頭捕捉獵物：長喙針鼴

· Sensory mucous glands detect prey: platypus 粘液腺感官檢測獵物：鴨嘴獸

· Bird bill draws food into mouth: sandpiper 伯德法案提請食品放入嘴：磯鷂

· Extra jaws help hold, transport prey: moray eel 額外的下巴幫助持有，運輸獵物：鯙

· Bill used to filter: roseate spoonbill 比爾用於過濾：玫瑰色琵鷺

· Pouch scoops and drains water: pink-backed pelican 袋鏟和水渠水：粉紅背鵜鶘

· Poisonous tooth shoots into prey: cone shell 牙齒芽葉成有毒的獵物：錐殼

· Malaria vector chosen as preferred prey: jumping spider 瘧蚊選為首選獵物：跳蛛

· Fine filaments filter water: peacock worm 細纖維過濾水：孔雀蠕蟲

· Radiating filaments filter water: fanworms 輻射絲過濾水：fanworms

· Siphon filters seawater: sea squirt 虹吸式過濾海水：海鞘

· Hair-like structures filter fine materials: fiddler crab 毛髮狀結構精細過濾材料：招潮蟹

· Tiny capsules trap prey: bladderwort 微型膠囊陷阱的獵物：狸藻

· Vortex stirs up sediment: phalarope 渦激沙：菲勒羅普

· Flexible stalk adjusts to flow forces: Styela sea squirt 柔性流動秸稈調整力量：海鞘海鞘

· Body shape and position direct water current: black flies 身體形態和位置直接水流：黑色蒼蠅

· Snare captures prey: fungi 網羅捕獲獵物：真菌

· Probing for food: copperband butterfly fish 探測食物：copperband蝴蝶魚

· Tongue lures fish: alligator snapping turtle 舌魚誘餌：鱷魚鱷龜

· Venom target insects: Blue Mountains funnel-web spider 蛇毒目標昆蟲：藍山漏斗網蜘蛛

· Sensitivity captures insects: Venus flytrap 靈敏度捕捉昆蟲：捕蠅草

· Toxins protect from predators: jellyfish 毒素保護天敵：水母

· Eyes give 360˚ vision: chameleon 眼睛給360˚願景：變色龍

· Eyes see near and far: hawks 眼睛看近及遠：老鷹

· Eyes see details: hawks 眼睛看到的細節：老鷹

· Mouthparts manipulate food: insects 口器操縱的食物：昆蟲

· Beak holds squirming prey: eagles 比克持有扭動獵物：鷹

· Light attracts fish: skimmer birds 光吸引魚：撇水鳥

· Probing mud for prey: shoebill stork 探討泥獵物：鯨頭鸛鸛

· Chin used to hunt: elephantnose fish 下巴用於亨特：elephantnose魚

· Lure attracts prey: anglerfish 誘惑吸引獵物：琵琶魚

· Lunging after prey: dragonfly larvae 衝刺後的獵物：蜻蜓幼蟲

· Shooting snout snags prey: sling-jaw wrasse 拍攝吻碰壁獵物：吊照，瀨魚

· Jaws swallow eggs whole: egg-eating snakes 大白鯊吞下整個雞蛋：雞蛋吃蛇

· Jaw swallows large prey: pythons 顎燕子大獵物：蟒蛇

· Stalk structure improves feeding position: sea anemone 提高秸稈飼料結構的位置是：海葵

· Sand pit captures prey: ant lion larvae 沙坑捕獲獵物：蟻獅幼蟲

· Silk used for various functions: spiders 絲綢用於各種功能：蜘蛛

· Fins taste by touch: gurnards 鰭品嚐觸摸：gurnards

· Beak cuts up food: trogons 比克削減了食物：trogons

· Middle ear senses barometric pressure: Eastern pipistrelle bat 感官中耳氣壓：東方pipistrelle蝙蝠

· Antennae sense heat of prey: Rhodnius bug 觸角感熱獵物：Rhodnius錯誤

· Capturing prey above the water's surface: archer fish 捕捉獵物以上的水的表面：射手魚

· Hunting in murky water: goldfish 在陰暗的水中狩獵：金魚

· Hunting in the dark: piranha 在黑暗中狩獵：食人魚

· Thermal pits detect prey: snakes 熱坑發現獵物：蛇

· Receptors create thermal image: pit viper 受體創建熱圖像：毒蛇

· Whiskers sense prey movement: harbor seals 晶須的感覺獵物運動：斑海豹

· Toxic blooms aid predation: dinoflagellates 花朵的中毒急救捕食：甲藻

· Light helps capture insects: glow worms 光線能夠捕捉昆蟲：螢火蟲

· Flowers selectively attract pollinators: orchid-flower plants 有選擇地吸引授粉花：蘭花花卉植物

· Neurotoxins immobilize prey: scorpion 神經毒素固定獵物：蠍

· Light used for camouflage: velvet belly lantern shark 光用於偽裝：天鵝絨燈籠鯊魚肚

· Organs serve multiple adhesive functions: camel spider 服務於多個器官功能膠粘劑：駱駝蜘蛛

· Web glue is strong adhesive: golden orb weaving spider 網絡膠水是強力膠：金球蜘蛛織

· Structures catch prey: Portuguese man-of-war 捕捉獵物的結構：葡萄牙兵船

· Sticky hairs capture insects: Roridula plant 粘毛捕捉昆蟲：Roridula廠


· Solid particles (21) 固體顆粒（21）

· Calming coastal waters: red mangrove 鎮靜沿海水域：紅樹林

· Elaborate stigmas capture pollen grains: grasses 精心採集花粉柱頭：草

· Tongue gathers nectar and pollen: fruit bats 舌收集花蜜和花粉：果蝠

· Bristles and barbs capture minute foods: Calanoid copepods 豬鬃和倒鉤分鐘捕捉食物：Calanoid橈足類


· Hair-like structures filter fine materials: fiddler crab 毛髮狀結構精細過濾材料：招潮蟹

· Proteins limit nanoparticle dispersal: sulfate-reducing bacteria 限制蛋白質納米分散：硫酸鹽還原菌

· Appendages used for movement and filtering: Daphnia 附屬物用於移動和過濾：水蚤


· Tube feet assist locomotion, feeding: lined sea star 管尺協助運動，餵養：內襯海星

· Mouth sorts and grinds food: platypus 口種類及研磨食物：鴨嘴獸

· Wrinkly surface provides desert camouflage: Tamaulipas living rock cactus 皺面為沙漠迷彩：塔毛利帕斯州的生活岩石仙人掌

· Fins taste by touch: gurnards 鰭品嚐觸摸：gurnards

· Orchids capture pollen: bucket orchids 蘭花採集花粉：鬥蘭花

· Wingbeat vibrations cause pollen release: carpenter bee Wingbeat振動導致花粉釋放：木匠蜂


· Tentacles help filter food: burrowing sea cucumber 觸角幫助過濾食物：海參穴居

· Vegetation captures nutrients: hedgerows 植被捕獲營養成分：植物籬

· Microbes aggregate sediment: blue-green algae 總沉積物微生物：藍綠色藻類


· Distribute (89) 分發（89）


· Hole structure strengthens bone: horse 孔結構強化骨骼：馬

· Energy transfers in photosynthetic process: green sulphur bacteria 在光合作用過程中能量轉移：綠硫細菌

· Crystals draw sunlight into plant: window plants 水晶畫陽光進入植物：植物窗口

· Light-transmitting fibers: Venus flower basket 透光纖維：維納斯花籃

· Threads transfer movement to capsule: jumping bean moth caterpillar 主題轉移運動膠囊：跳豆蛾毛蟲


· Legs power high jumps: spittle bug 功率高腿跳：唾沫錯誤

· Scales create brilliant white: Cyphochilus beetles 秤共創輝煌白：Cyphochilus甲蟲


· Bill used as heat exchanger for thermoregulation: toco toucan 條例草案作為換熱器調溫：托哥大嘴鳥

· Transporting electrons extracellularly: sediment bacteria 運輸電子細胞外：泥沙細菌

· Legs synchronize during jumps: planthoppers 在同步腿跳躍：稻飛蝨

· Shell is tough armor: golden scale snail 殼牌是艱難的鎧甲：金色的鱗甲蝸牛



· Gases (25) 氣體（25）

· Ventilated nests remove heat and gas: mound-building termites 通風巢移除熱量和氣體：丘建設白蟻

· Nostril cone allows air passage: peregrine falcon 讓空氣通過鼻孔錐：遊隼

· Burrow shape creates ventilation: prairie dog 洞穴的形狀創建通風：草原犬

· Air scoops provide cooling: ants 提供冷卻空氣勺：螞蟻

· Tracheal system delivers oxygen efficiently: fly 氣管系統有效地輸送氧氣：飛

· Air flow system, sacs provide efficient gas exchange: birds 空氣流動系統，氣囊提供有效的氣體交換：鳥類

· Cells maximize flexibility, efficiency: vertebrates 細胞最大限度地提高靈活性，效率：脊椎動物

· Internal leaf surface increases gas exchange: plants 內部葉面增加了氣體交換：植物

· Increased surface area improves gas exchange: human 表面積增加改善氣體交換：人

· Lungs efficiently expel air: fin whale 有效地排出肺空氣：長鬚鯨

· Tubes help cool muscles, transport gases: insects 管有助於冷卻肌肉，運輸氣體：昆蟲

· Blood carries oxygen in varied conditions: human 血液輸送氧氣在不同條件：人類

· Breathing occurs even with full mouth: diamondback rattlesnake 即使出現呼吸全口：菱形斑紋響尾蛇

· Branching protects from blockages: blue whales 分支免受淤塞：藍鯨

· Radiating shape makes for efficient transport: sea urchin 輻射外形使得高效的運輸：海膽

· Large volumes move through small spaces: common earthworm 大量小的空間中移動：普通蚯蚓

· Pressure makes air move: black mangrove 壓力使空氣移動：黑紅樹林

· Aerating device delivers oxygen: mangroves 曝氣裝置提供氧氣：紅樹林

· Stems move air: Phragmites australis 莖移動空氣：蘆葦

· Body shape and position direct water current: black flies 身體形態和位置直接水流：黑色蒼蠅

· Augmenting soil ventilation: short-beaked echidna 充實土壤通氣：短喙針鼴

· Oxygenating soil: mangroves 補氧土壤：紅樹林


· Seedpod autorotates: sycamore Seedpod autorotates：錫卡莫爾


· Vascular systems transport fluids and solutes: plants 血管系統運輸流體和溶質：植物

· Valves handle high pressures: humans 高壓閥門手柄：人

· Pressure assists blood circulation: giraffe 壓力幫助血液循環：長頸鹿

· Xylem conduits transport water: plants 木質部導管輸送水：植物

· Branching pattern enhances exchange and transport: cypress 分枝格局增強了交流和運輸：柏樹

· Trees generate pressure: oaks 樹木產生壓力：奧克斯


· Rod-like reinforcements provide strength: plants 棒狀提供增援力量：植物

· Blood cells circulate in viscous blood: dromedary camel 血細胞在粘稠的血液循環：單峰駱駝

· Bird bill draws food into mouth: sandpiper 伯德法案提請食品放入嘴：磯鷂

· Body fluids help molt, extend wings: dragonfly 體液幫助換羽，延長翼：蜻蜓

· Mats uniformly distribute resources: black grama grass 墊均勻分佈的資源：黑格拉馬草

· Proboscis forms a flexible, sealed cylinder: butterfly 長鼻形式靈活，密封缸：蝴蝶

· Poisonous tooth shoots into prey: cone shell 牙齒芽葉成有毒的獵物：錐殼

· Branching protects from blockages: blue whales 分支免受淤塞：藍鯨

· Radiating shape makes for efficient transport: sea urchin 輻射外形使得高效的運輸：海膽

· Elastic blood vessels accommodate pumping: mammals 血管彈性容納抽水：哺乳動物

· Flexible cylinders siphon water: clams 靈活的氣瓶虹吸水：蛤蜊

· Large volumes move through small spaces: common earthworm 大量小的空間中移動：普通蚯蚓

· Leaves channel water: sacred fig 葉水通道：神聖的無花果

· Internal perforations transport nutrients: sphagnum moss 內部穿孔運輸營養素：泥炭蘚

· Vortex stirs up sediment: phalarope 渦激沙：菲勒羅普

· Reflex "bleeding" deters predators: ladybug 反射“出血”阻嚇天敵：瓢蟲

· Reflex "bleeding" deters predators: bloody-nosed beetle 反射“出血”能阻止掠食者：血腥鼻蟲

· Eyelids cleanse eyes: mammals 眼瞼清洗眼睛：哺乳動物

· Transport system prevents spread of embolisms: conifers 運輸系統，防止蔓延栓塞：針葉樹



· Vessels resist bubble formation: trees 船隻抵抗氣泡的形成：樹

· Body changes shape: sea anemone 身體改變形狀：海葵

· Tail used for reproductive advantage: damselfly 尾用於繁殖優勢：豆娘

· Ecosystem withstands attack: Kentucky bluegrass 生態系統承受的攻擊：草地早熟禾

· Capturing prey above the water's surface: archer fish 捕捉獵物以上的水的表面：射手魚

· Squirting filaments protect from predators: pussmoth caterpillar 噴射纖維保護天敵：pussmoth毛蟲

· Three-chambered heart reduces mixing of blood: frog 三腔心臟的血液減少混合：青蛙


· Colonies distribute food after famine: Temnothorax ants 後殖民地分發糧食飢荒：Temnothorax螞蟻

· Vein system resilient to damage: plants 靜脈系統的適應能力損害：植物

· Networks share water: fungi 網絡共享水：真菌

· Solids (9) 固體（9）

· Lower water content releases seeds: petunia 水分含量低排放的種子：矮牽牛

· Surface tension flings spores: fern 表面張力甩孢子：蕨類植物


· Water aids pollination: eelgrass 水輔助授粉：苦草

· Saucer-like structure aids spore dispersal: bird's nest fungus 飛碟狀結構孢子傳播艾滋病：鳥巢菌

· Spores are self-propelled: wood ear mushroom 孢子是自走式：木木耳


· Flowers increase pollen transfer: orchids 花卉增加花粉轉移：蘭花

· Hooks adhere to wooly coats: burdock 胡克斯堅持茸毛大衣：牛蒡

· Expel (26) 驅逐（26）

· Gases (4) 氣體（4）

· Lungs efficiently expel air: fin whale 有效地排出肺空氣：長鬚鯨


· Exoskeletons excrete nitrogen waste: woodlice 外骨骼排泄氮廢物：潮蟲



· Combustion chamber sprays scalding liquid: bombardier beetle 滾燙的液體噴射燃燒室：投彈手甲蟲


· Pores expel fluid: iguana 毛孔排出液：鬣蜥

· Toxins protect from predators: jellyfish 毒素保護天敵：水母

· Siphon directs underwater movement: octopus 虹吸式水下運動的指示：八達通

· Clapping used for underwater movement: rough fileclam 掌聲用於水下運動：粗糙fileclam

· Combustion chamber discharges efficiently: bombardier beetle 燃燒室放電效率：投彈手甲蟲

· Defense mechanism deters predators: wood snakes 防禦機制能阻止掠食者：蛇木

· Eyes squirt blood: horned lizard 眼睛噴出血：長角的蜥蜴


· Solids (12) 固體（12）

· Glands remove salt: penguins 腺除去鹽：企鵝

· Stretchy membrane aids oviposition: locust 伸縮膜艾滋病產卵：蝗蟲

· Glands excrete excess salt: mangrove 腺體排泄多餘的鹽：紅樹林

· Old leaves help remove excess salt: mangrove 老葉幫助清除多餘的鹽：紅樹林

· Juice launches seeds: squirting cucumber 果汁推出種子：黃瓜噴出


· Wings allow escape from spider webs: butterflies 翅膀允許逃離蜘蛛網：蝴蝶

· Pollen release triggered by bird landing: mistletoe 花粉釋放引發禽流登陸：槲寄生

· Body removes foreign objects: green tree frog 身體去除異物：綠色樹蛙

· Pollen catapults from flower: bunchberry 自花花粉彈射器：班奇貝里

· Seeds disperse by jet action: ice plants 種子噴射驅散行動：製冰廠

· Store (54) 商店（54）

· Bulk solids (1) 散裝固體（1）

· Pouch stores seed: Clark's nutcracker 種子袋店：克拉克的胡桃夾子

· Chemical entities (11) 化學實體（11）

· Mounds accumulate calcium carbonate: termites 丘積累碳酸鈣：白蟻

· Fecal pellets sink carbon: salp 糞粒碳匯：salp

· Storage of organic matter plugs carbon "leaks": riparian habitat 有機物質的貯存插頭碳“洩漏”：河岸棲息地

· Cells detect and sequester toxic copper: Mycobacterium tuberculosis 細胞毒性檢測和隔離銅：結核分枝桿菌

· Internal perforations transport nutrients: sphagnum moss 內部穿孔運輸營養素：泥炭蘚

· Habitat stores carbon: wetlands 人居店碳：濕地

· Underground storage enables regeneration: jarrah trees 地下儲存可再生：賈拉樹

· Storing carbon and energy: bacteria 儲存碳和能量：細菌

· Minerals conserved during moult: crustaceans 礦產保守，在換毛：甲殼類動物

· Silk assembled on demand: spiders 絲綢組裝需求：蜘蛛

· Fronds hyperaccumulate arsenic: ladder brake fern 複葉hyperaccumulate砷：階梯剎車蕨


· Blubber structure stores and releases energy: porpoise 巴波結構存儲和釋放能量：海豚

· Appendage strikes with force: mantis shrimp 依附與打擊力：蝦蛄

· Collagenous tendons store work: kangaroo 膠原筋商店的工作：袋鼠

· Legs propel insect far: flea 腿推動昆蟲遠：跳蚤

· Resilin gives wings flexibility: insects 肢彈性給翅膀的靈活性：昆蟲

· Fur provides insulation: polar bear 毛皮提供絕緣：北極熊


· Legs power high jumps: spittle bug 功率高腿跳：唾沫錯誤

· Neck swivels 270 degrees: three-toed sloth 頸部旋轉270度：三趾樹懶

· Wings generate lift: honeybee 翅膀產生升力：蜜蜂

· Storing carbon and energy: bacteria 儲存碳和能量：細菌

· Conserving energy: moths 節約能源：蛾

· Energy stored to amplify power: click beetle 存儲的能量放大功率：叩頭蟲

· Energy stored to amplify power: locusts 存儲的能量放大功率：蝗蟲

· Catapulting transports worms: nematode 彈射運輸蠕蟲：線蟲


· Pads cushion feet: mammals 墊墊腳：哺乳動物

· Silk used for various functions: spiders 絲綢用於各種功能：蜘蛛

· Conserving energy in times of scarcity: basking shark 節約能源短缺的時代：姥鯊

· Algae produce oil: diatoms 藻類產生油：矽藻

· Tendons store energy: tammar wallaby 腱儲存能量：tammar袋鼠

· Pelt is adapted for thermoregulation: numbat 佩爾特是改編體溫調節：numbat

· Nest temperature regulated: South American grass-cutting ant 巢溫度調節：南美剪草螞蟻


· Gases (4) 氣體（4）

· Spider creates underwater air tank: water spider 蜘蛛創造水下儲氣罐：水蜘蛛


· Leaves adjust to changing environment: Common arrowhead 葉適應不斷變化的環境：普通箭頭

· Swimbladder retains gases: ray-finned fish 鰾器官保留氣體：鰭魚


· Abdomens store nectar: honeypot ants 腹部商店花蜜：蜜罐螞蟻

· Thick leaves, pseudobulb resist fire: Victorian orchid 葉片厚，假球莖耐火：維多利亞蘭

· Surface cells store water: ice plant 表面細胞儲存水：冰廠

· Corky tuber stores water: Hottentot bread plant 科基塊莖蓄水：霍屯督麵包廠

· Leaves channel dew as water source: Welwitschia 葉露通道作為水源：Welwitschia


· Leaves have elasticity, shape memory: resurrection fern 葉片有彈性，形狀記憶：復活蕨

· Plant self-irrigates: desert rhubarb 工廠自灌水：沙漠大黃

· Plants use osmosis to create an actuator. 植物利用滲透創造一個執行機構。

· Solid particles (4) 固體顆粒（4）

· Beak holds fish: puffin 比克認為魚：海雀

· DNA densely packed without knots: humans 密密麻麻的DNA無節：人

· Maintain community (302) 維護社區（302）

· Cooperate and compete (53) 合作與競爭（53）

· Between (eco)systems (2) 之間（生態）系統（2）


· Between different species (19) 不同物種之間（19）

· Plants minimize water loss: desert 植物減少水損失：沙漠

· Interwoven trees gain structural support: tropical trees Interwoven的樹木獲得結構支持：熱帶樹木

· Maintaining genetic and species diversity: black mustard 保持遺傳多樣性和物種：黑芥末

· Relationship protects from predators: clownfish, anemones 從保護天敵的關係：小丑魚，海葵

· Relationship provides thermal protection: hot springs panic grass, fungus 提供熱保護的關係：溫泉恐慌草，真菌

· Increasing fire resistance: Arizona fescue 提高耐火：亞利桑那羊茅

· Collaboration benefits multiple participants: mangrove forests 多方參與合作的好處：紅樹林

· Fungus provides UV protection: lichens 真菌提供紫外線保護：地衣

· Relationship provides nutrients, stability: bracket fungi and trees 提供營養的關係，穩定：支架真菌和樹木

· Relationship provides nutrients, protection: ant-plants and ants 關係提供營養，保護：螞蟻植物和螞蟻

· Providing shelter for multiple organisms: English oak 為多種生物提供住所：英國橡木


· Relationship provides nutrients, housing, protection: bull horn acacia and acacia ants 關係提供營養，住房，保護：牛角相思樹，相思螞蟻

· Symbiosis provides nutrients: cicadas 共生提供營養成分：蟬

· Relationship provides nutrients: pitcher plant 關係提供營養成分：豬籠草

· Mutualistic relationship is maintained: fig tree and fig wasp 互惠關係是維護：無花果樹和無花果黃蜂

· Moth larvae manipulate host plant physiology: leaf-miner moth 蛾的幼蟲寄主植物生理學操作：葉蛾礦工

· Symbiosis enhances pollutant breakdown: plants and microbes 共生提高污染物分解：植物和微生物

· Within a (eco)system (18) 在一個（生態）系統（18）

· Collective body heat warms nest: wood ants 集體的體溫溫暖窩：木螞蟻

· Nurse shrubs help other plants: Mediterranean montane ecosystems 護士幫助其他灌木植物：地中海山地生態系統

· Tussocks enhance species diversity: upright sedges 草叢提高物種多樣性：直立莎草

· Communities recover from floods: riparian habitat 社區恢復洪水：河岸棲息地

· Ecosystems recover from disturbances: riparian habitat 生態系統恢復的干擾：河岸棲息地

· Selective strategies aid competitive success: mangrove forests 選擇性戰略援助競爭中獲得成功：紅樹林


· Plant requirements govern recovery from disturbances: English woodland 回收工廠的要求執政的干擾：英語林地


· Providing shelter for multiple organisms: English oak 為多種生物提供住所：英國橡木


· Fruiting tree holds key role in forest: Caesaria tree 出菇這棵樹上的關鍵作用，森林：Caesaria樹

· Relationships essential to pollination: Brazil nut tree 授粉的關係至關重要：巴西堅果的樹

· Leaves deter herbivory: birch trees 葉阻止取食：白樺樹

· Transporting electrons extracellularly: sediment bacteria 運輸電子細胞外：泥沙細菌

· Within the same species (14) 在同一物種（14）

· Groups vote on hive locations: honeybees 蜂巢團體投票地點：蜜蜂

· Varying response thresholds aid hive thermoregulation: honeybee 不同的響應閾值援助蜂巢體溫調節：蜜蜂

· Collaborating for group decisions: honeybees 合作團體決定：蜜蜂

· Optimizing size aids survival: sessile barnacles 優化大小艾滋病生存：固著的藤壺


· Group minimizes wind resistance: pelicans 集團最大限度地減少風的阻力：鵜鶘

· Individual actions benefit group: white-fronted bee-eater 個人訴訟利益集團：白額蜂類恐龍

· Communal 'slime-ways' used to glide: marine slime mold 公用'煤泥-辦法'使用滑行：海洋黏菌

· Group organization protects from the cold: emperor penguins 集團組織免受寒冷：皇帝企鵝

· Swarms act as intelligent organizations: ants and bees 群作為智能組織：螞蟻和蜜蜂


· Social networking aids housing search: hermit crabs 社交艾滋病房屋搜索：寄居蟹

· Colonies survive floods: fire ants 殖民地生存洪水：火蟻

· Mucus enhances mobility: polychaete worm 粘液增強流動性：多毛類蠕蟲

· Coordinate (43) 坐標（43）

· Activities (19) 活動（19）

· Signalling synchronizes bioluminescence: Vibrio fisheri bacteria 信號同步發光：細菌弧菌fisheri

· Skin is a multifunctional material: human 皮膚是一種多功能的材料：人


· Multitasking on the move: pseudoscorpions 多任務的移動：pseudoscorpions

· Sustainable use of lands: grazing animals 土地的可持續利用：放牧動物

· Chicks are fed equally: kingfisher 小雞餵同樣：翠鳥



· Wings work in unison: insects 翼工作異口同聲：昆蟲

· Periodic emergence synchronized: cicadas 週期出現同步：蟬

· Cyclical emergence optimizes reproduction: mayfly 週期性出現優化繁殖：蜉蝣

· Periodic swarming to find new resources: Norway lemmings 定期雲集尋找新的資源：挪威旅鼠

· Congregating and physical stimulation trigger swarming: desert locusts 聚集和物理刺激觸發蜂擁：沙漠蝗蟲

· Fins used to communicate: fish 鰭用來溝通：魚

· Mating flights associated with thunderstorms: moths 交配航班與雷暴：蛾

· Sensitivity encourages return to hive before storm: bees 敏感性鼓勵返回蜂巢前風暴：蜜蜂


· Communication molecules coordinate behavior: chronic wound bacteria 通訊分子協調行為：慢性創面細菌

· Social networking aids housing search: hermit crabs 社交艾滋病房屋搜索：寄居蟹

· Groups (self-organize) (21) 團體（自組織）（21）


· Multifunctional integration is remedy for architecture: ecosystems 多功能一體化是補救建築：生態系統

· Marking unrewarding routes: pharaoh ant 標記吃力不討好的路線：法老蟻

· Collaborating for group decisions: honeybees 合作團體決定：蜜蜂


· Groups move efficiently: army ants 集團移動高效：軍蟻

· Functioning with efficiency and innovation: ecosystems 正常運轉的效率和創新：生態系統

· Individual actions benefit group: white-fronted bee-eater 個人訴訟利益集團：白額蜂類恐龍


· Chicks are fed equally: kingfisher 小雞餵同樣：翠鳥

· Wood self-assembles: trees 木材自組裝：樹

· Colonies self-assemble: bacteria 殖民地的自組裝：細菌

· Communities develop and change: riparian habitat 社區發展和變化：河岸棲息地


· Communal 'slime-ways' used to glide: marine slime mold 公用'煤泥-辦法'使用滑行：海洋黏菌

· Congregating and physical stimulation trigger swarming: desert locusts 聚集和物理刺激觸發蜂擁：沙漠蝗蟲

· Group organization protects from the cold: emperor penguins 集團組織免受寒冷：皇帝企鵝


· Gut:enhancing anaerobic digestion:earthworm 腸：加強厭氧消化：蚯蚓

· Systems (3) 系統（3）

· Skin is a multifunctional material: human 皮膚是一種多功能的材料：人


· Sensory bristles organize with minimum communication: fruit flies 感覺刷毛組織與最低通訊：果蠅

· Provide ecosystem services (206) 提供生態系統服務（206）

· Biological control of populations, pests, diseases (16) 生物控制人口，蟲害，疾病（16）


· Disturbances maintain habitat: Scandinavian heath and beech forests 干擾維持棲息地：北歐健康和山毛櫸林


· Nature maintains biodiversity: ecosystems 自然保持生物多樣性：生態系統

· Surviving changing conditions: ecosystems 尚存不斷變化的條件：生態系統


· Predatory fish maintain ecosystem functions: lake ecosystem 捕食魚維持生態系統的功能：湖泊生態系統

· Resident insects protect nearby fields: hedgerows 駐地附近的昆蟲保護領域：植物籬

· Fungal root-rot renews forest: mountain hemlock forests 真菌性根腐更新森林：森林山鐵杉


· Leaves disorient beetles, prevent attack: cucumber 葉迷惑甲蟲，防止攻擊：黃瓜

· Leaves communicate pest damage: plants 葉溝通蟲害：植物

· Compounds control 'weeds': fine-leaf fescue 化合物控制'雜草'：細羊茅葉

· Pests kept in check: agro-systems 害蟲保存在檢查：農業系統

· Control erosion and sediment (13) 控制土壤侵蝕和沉積物（13）



· Root systems control erosion: vascular plants 根系控制土壤侵蝕：維管束植物

· Ecosystem demonstrates sustainability: prairie 生態示範可持續性：草原

· Reefs protect shorelines: sand tube 珊瑚礁保護海岸線：砂管

· Estuaries rely on ecosystem engineers: diatoms 河口生態系統依賴於工程師：矽藻

· Mounds increase diversity: mound-building termites 丘增加多樣性：土堆建設白蟻

· Fallen trees stabilize, enrich soil: Douglas fir forests 倒下的樹木穩定，豐富土壤：道格拉斯冷杉林

· Stream remodeling alters ecosystems: American beaver 流重塑改變生態系統：美國河狸

· Stabilizing loose sand: spiders 穩定鬆散砂：蜘蛛

· Excavating behavior increases ecosystem biodiversity: red grouper 挖掘行為會增加生態系統的生物多樣性：紅石斑魚


· Cycle nutrients (23) 循環營養物（23）


· Bacteria help volatilize and mineralize ammonia: termites 細菌可以幫助氨揮發和礦化：白蟻

· Mats uniformly distribute resources: black grama grass 墊均勻分佈的資源：黑格拉馬草


· Feeding behavior increases nitrogen availability: nematodes 攝食行為會增加氮的有效性：線蟲


· Nurse logs provide new habitat: western hemlock 護士日誌提供新的棲息地：西部鐵杉

· Insects digest fecal waste: dung beetles 昆蟲消化糞便廢棄物：糞甲蟲

· Insects cycle nutrients: periodic cicadas 昆蟲營養週期：週期蟬

· Exoskeletons excrete nitrogen waste: woodlice 外骨骼排泄氮廢物：潮蟲

· Stream community depends on ecosystem engineers: sediment-processing fish 流社會依賴於生態系統工程師：泥沙處理魚


· Relationship provides nutrients, stability: bracket fungi and trees 提供營養的關係，穩定：支架真菌和樹木




· Ecosystem manages poor soils: tropical rain forest 貧瘠的土地生態系統管理：熱帶雨林

· Minerals conserved during moult: crustaceans 礦產保守，在換毛：甲殼類動物

· Microbial biodiversity maintained: heather moorland 微生物的生物多樣性維護：希瑟穆爾蘭


· Networks share water: fungi 網絡共享水：真菌

· Detoxification/purification of air/water/waste (7) 排毒/淨化空氣/水/廢物（7）





· Fronds hyperaccumulate arsenic: ladder brake fern 複葉hyperaccumulate砷：階梯剎車蕨

· Communities prevent asbestos dispersion: plants and lichens 社區防止石棉擴散：植物和地衣

· Disperse seeds (29) 分散種子（29）

· Tension releases seeds: broom 張力釋放種子：掃帚

· Evaporation releases seeds: Brazilian hura trees 蒸發排放種子：巴西hura樹

· Structures facilitate pollen dispersal: pine trees 結構促進花粉傳播：松樹

· Spring directs spore dispersal in low humidity: horsetail 春天疏散指示孢子在低濕度：馬尾

· Spring directs spore dispersal in high humidity: horsetail 春天疏散指示孢子在高濕度：馬尾

· Lower water content releases seeds: petunia 水分含量低排放的種子：矮牽牛

· Fire opens seed capsules: banksia 消防打開種子膠囊：班克西亞

· Seedpod autorotates: sycamore Seedpod autorotates：錫卡莫爾

· Juice launches seeds: squirting cucumber 果汁推出種子：黃瓜噴出

· Lightweight structure aids dispersal: dandelions 結構輕巧艾滋病傳播：蒲公英

· Surface tension flings spores: fern 表面張力甩孢子：蕨類植物

· Seeds survive extreme falls: Brazil nut tree 種子生存的極端瀑布：巴西堅果的樹

· Native plants persist in changing conditions: wetland ecosystems 堅持以鄉土植物變化的條件：濕地生態系統

· Seed dispersal aids recovery from disturbance: tropical rain forests 種子傳播艾滋病的回收干擾：熱帶雨林

· Seeds survive various conditions: mangroves 種子生存的各種條件：紅樹林

· Capsules launch seeds: Namaqualand mesems 膠囊發射種子：Namaqualand mesems

· Seeds float to the best conditions: red mangrove 種子飄落到最佳條件：紅樹林

· Saucer-like structure aids spore dispersal: bird's nest fungus 飛碟狀結構孢子傳播艾滋病：鳥巢菌

· Double-layered ball assists spore dispersal: earthstar fungus 雙層球助攻孢子散佈：earthstar木耳


· Seeds dispersed over long distances: Anisoptera tree 種子分散在很長的距離：Anisoptera樹

· Seeds are dispersed long distances: South African grapple plant 種子是分散的長距離：南非格鬥廠

· Seeds dispersed across the sea: sea bean 種子分散在海：海豆

· Seeds survive long sea voyages: coconut palm 漫長的海上航行種子生存：椰子樹

· Single-winged seeds travel far: sycamore 單翅的種子遠行：懸鈴木

· Seeds disperse long distances: liana 種子分散長距離：藤本植物


· Seeds disperse by jet action: ice plants 種子噴射驅散行動：製冰廠

· Generate soil/renew fertility (14) 生成土壤/更新生育率（14）



· Nurse logs provide new habitat: western hemlock 護士日誌提供新的棲息地：西部鐵杉


· Insects cycle nutrients: periodic cicadas 昆蟲營養週期：週期蟬

· Diversity increases efficiency: soil ecosystem 多樣性提高效率：土壤生態系統


· Natural disturbances enhance heterogeneity: forest ecosystems 加強自然干擾的異質性：森林生態系統




· Mounds maximize ecosystem productivity: Odontotermes termites 丘生態系統生產力的最大化：黑翅土白蟻

· Maintain biodiversity (42) 維持生物多樣性（42）

· Elevated rings increase diversity: seaside arrowgrass 高架環增加多樣性：海濱阿羅格拉斯

· Pattern diversity: forest floor 格局多樣性：森林地板


· Shrub maintains biodiversity: Banksia 灌木保持生物多樣性：班克西亞

· Food web complexity increases along gradient: dune ecosystem 食物網的複雜性隨之增加梯度：沙丘生態系統



· Ecosystem has long-term sustainability: dehesa ecosystem 生態系統具有長期可持續性：德黑薩生態系統


· Enhancing species richness: beavers 加強物種豐富度：海狸

· Stream community depends on ecosystem engineers: sediment-processing fish 流社會依賴於生態系統工程師：泥沙處理魚

· Estuaries rely on ecosystem engineers: diatoms 河口生態系統依賴於工程師：矽藻

· Disturbances help maintain diversity: western hemlock-Sitka spruce forests 擾動幫助維持多樣性：西部鐵杉，雲杉林錫特卡


· Environmental disturbance promotes diversity: wet prairie ecosystem 環境干擾促進多樣性：濕草原生態系統



· Disturbances maintain heterogeneity: Great Plains mesic grasslands 擾動保持異質性：大平原草原梅西奇


· Ecosystems have stability and resiliency: savannas 生態系統穩定性和靈活性：稀樹草原

· Ecosystems have stability and biodiversity: savannas 生態系統的穩定性和生物多樣性：稀樹草原


· Microtopographic relief fosters diversity: wetland ecosystems 救援促進微地形的多樣性：濕地生態系統


· Pit-and-mound topography fosters biodiversity: Douglas fir forests 坑和丘地形促進生物多樣性：道格拉斯冷杉林


· Canopies enhance species diversity: wetland ecosystems 簷篷提高物種多樣性：濕地生態系統

· Species diversity maintains grasslands: Tanzania's Serengeti Plain 維持物種多樣性的草原：坦桑尼亞的塞倫蓋蒂平原


· Predatory fish maintain ecosystem functions: lake ecosystem 捕食魚維持生態系統的功能：湖泊生態系統

· Tree and grass savanna maintains equilibrium: Transvaal savanna 樹和草稀樹草原保持平衡：德蘭士瓦稀樹草原



· Diversity creates long-term stability: prairie grassland 多樣性創造長期穩定：草原草原

· Termites are ecosystem engineers: mound-building termites 白蟻是生態系統工程師：土堆建設白蟻

· Varied landscapes increase population stability: ecosystems 變人口穩定增加景觀：生態系統

· Excavating behavior increases ecosystem biodiversity: red grouper 挖掘行為會增加生態系統的生物多樣性：紅石斑魚


· Mounds maximize ecosystem productivity: Odontotermes termites 丘生態系統生產力的最大化：黑翅土白蟻

· Pollinate (8) 授粉（8）

· Water aids pollination: eelgrass 水輔助授粉：苦草

· Relationships essential to pollination: Brazil nut tree 授粉的關係至關重要：巴西堅果的樹

· Pollen release triggered by bird landing: mistletoe 花粉釋放引發禽流登陸：槲寄生

· Antennae detect individual orchid species: iridescent bees 天線檢測個別蘭花物種：虹彩蜜蜂

· Stigmas ensure pollination: angiosperms 柱頭確保授粉：被子植物

· Mutualistic relationship is maintained: fig tree and fig wasp 互惠關係是維護：無花果樹和無花果黃蜂

· Flowers selectively deter insects: acacia 選擇性地阻止花昆蟲：相思

· Pollen catapults from flower: bunchberry 自花花粉彈射器：班奇貝里

· Regulate atmospheric composition (2) 調節大氣成分（2）

· Organisms concentrate carbon dioxide: green algae 生物體集中二氧化碳：綠藻

· Regulate climate (5) 調節氣候（5）


· Nurse shrubs help other plants: Mediterranean montane ecosystems 護士幫助其他灌木植物：地中海山地生態系統


· Canopies enhance species diversity: wetland ecosystems 簷篷提高物種多樣性：濕地生態系統

· Regulate habitat response to disturbance (31) 對干擾的響應調節棲息地（31）

· Habitat mosaics stop fires: beaver 人居馬賽克停止火災：海狸


· Surviving disturbances: ecosystems 尚存障礙：生態系統

· Ecosystems recover from disturbance: forests 生態系統恢復的干擾：森林


· Surviving in fire-prone areas: tropical gallery forest 尚存在火災多發地區：熱帶森林畫廊



· Ecosystems recover after disturbance: forests 生態系統的干擾後恢復：森林

· Ecosystems recover from disturbance: coral reefs 生態系統恢復的干擾：珊瑚礁

· Disturbances maintain heterogeneity: Great Plains mesic grasslands 擾動保持異質性：大平原草原梅西奇

· Communities develop and change: riparian habitat 社區發展和變化：河岸棲息地



· Ecosystems have stability and resiliency: savannas 生態系統穩定性和靈活性：稀樹草原

· Ecosystems have stability and biodiversity: savannas 生態系統的穩定性和生物多樣性：稀樹草原


· Microtopographic relief fosters diversity: wetland ecosystems 救援促進微地形的多樣性：濕地生態系統

· Plant requirements govern recovery from disturbances: English woodland 回收工廠的要求執政的干擾：英語林地


· Surviving changing conditions: ecosystems 尚存不斷變化的條件：生態系統

· Species richness helps system respond to disturbance: ecosystems 物種豐富度可以幫助系統對干擾的響應：生態系統

· Pit-and-mound topography fosters biodiversity: Douglas fir forests 坑和丘地形促進生物多樣性：道格拉斯冷杉林

· Species diversity maintains grasslands: Tanzania's Serengeti Plain 維持物種多樣性的草原：坦桑尼亞的塞倫蓋蒂平原



· Diversity creates long-term stability: prairie grassland 多樣性創造長期穩定：草原草原


· Diversity increases survival: bacteria 多樣性增加生存：細菌

· Regulate hydrological flows (7) 水文調節流量（7）


· Hydrological regimes maintain organisms: streams 水文維持生物體：流

· Habitat regulates water flows: peatlands 生境調節水流量：泥炭地


· Ecosystem manages poor soils: tropical rain forest 貧瘠的土地生態系統管理：熱帶雨林

· Termites are ecosystem engineers: mound-building termites 白蟻是生態系統工程師：土堆建設白蟻

· Regulate water storage (9) 調節水儲存（9）


· Deciduous trees produce more soil water: oaks 落葉樹產生更多的土壤水分：奧克斯

· Interaction helps retain water: forests 互動有利於保水：森林


· Trees comb water from clouds: cloud forests 梳水樹雲：雲霧林

· Tree and grass savanna maintains equilibrium: Transvaal savanna 樹和草稀樹草原保持平衡：德蘭士瓦稀樹草原


· Maintain physical integrity (902) 保持身體的完整性（902）

· Manage structural forces (221) 管理結構的力量（221）

· Chemical wear (2) 化學磨損（2）

· Membranes tolerate high alkalinity: cyanobacteria 膜容忍高鹼度：藍藻

· Larvae survive in digestive liquids: flesh flies 幼蟲存活在消化液體：肉蠅

· Compression (55) 壓縮（55）

· Bones self-heal: vertebrates 骨骼自我修復：脊椎動物

· Hole structure strengthens bone: horse 孔結構強化骨骼：馬

· Lightweighting: Scots pine 輕量化：歐洲赤松

· Fibers keep tall spikes upright: titan arum 高纖維保持直立穗：泰坦魔芋

· Leaves given structural support: giant water-lily 葉片結構給予支持：巨水百合

· Nest cells support heavy weights: bees and wasps 巢細胞支持重物：蜜蜂和黃蜂

· Structural composition provides strength in changing conditions: plants 在組成結構變化的條件提供力量：植物

· Rod-like reinforcements provide strength: plants 棒狀提供增援力量：植物

· Reinforced fibers provide strength: plants 增強纖維強度為：植物

· Lignified parenchyma cells provide strength: plants 薄壁細胞提供木質化強度：植物

· Sclereid cells prevent soft tissue collapse: plants 石細胞防止細胞軟組織塌陷：植物

· Collenchyma cells provide strength, flexibility: plants 厚角細胞提供力量，靈活性：植物

· Thickness stabilizes tall trees: baobob 厚度穩定高大的樹木：baobob

· Fluid protects eggs: birds 流體保護雞蛋：鳥類

· Intricate silica architecture survives forces: diatoms 錯綜複雜的矽結構生存力：矽藻

· Interwoven trees gain structural support: tropical trees Interwoven的樹木獲得結構支持：熱帶樹木

· Cuticle provides protection: arthropods 角質層提供保護：節肢動物

· Spicules are rigid structural materials: sponges 骨針是剛性結構材料：海綿

· Matrix stiffens connective tissue: sponges 結締組織基質變硬：海綿

· Fibers reinforce hydrostatic skeletons: sunflowers 纖維增強靜水骨骼：向日葵

· Arches provide structural support: termites 拱門提供結構性支持：白蟻

· Crystals and fibers provide strength, flexibility: bones 晶體和纖維提供力量，靈活性：骨頭

· Circular, tapering beams stabilize: plants 圓形，錐形光束穩定：植物

· Shape distributes stress: sea urchin 形狀分佈應力：海膽

· Fluid pressure provides support: blue crab 流體壓力提供支持：藍蟹

· Pressure provides structural support: blackback land crab 壓力提供結構支持：blackback陸蟹

· Buttressing resists uprooting: English oak Buttressing抗拒剷除：英國橡木

· Trusses provide support: Cholla cactus 桁架提供支持：喬耶仙人掌

· Support cells resist compression: nasturtium 支持細胞抵抗壓縮：金蓮花

· Structure protects against compression loading: staghorn coral 結構可防止壓縮載荷：鹿角珊瑚

· Bones absorb compression shock: birds 吸收骨壓縮性休克：鳥類

· Leaves resist bending: trees 葉抗彎曲：樹

· Variable postures aid intertidal zone survival: sea palm 變姿勢援助潮間帶生存：海椰子

· Skeleton provides support: sponges 骨架提供支持：海綿

· Flexural, torsional stiffness with minimal material use: organisms 抗彎，抗扭剛度最小的材料的使用：有機體

· Systems allow changes in mechanical properties: organisms 系統允許變化的力學性能：有機體

· Thin "shells" resist impact loading: sea urchins 薄“砲彈”抵抗衝擊載荷：海膽

· Stems resist buckling: plants 莖抵抗屈曲：植物

· Leaves resist gravitational loading: broad-leaved trees 葉抵抗重力負荷：闊葉樹

· Supportive gel enables extreme shape change: sea anemone 支持凝膠形狀的變化使極端：海葵

· Teeth resist compression and tension: animals that chew 牙齒抵抗壓力和張力：動物咀嚼

· Jelly substance provides structural support: jellyfish 果凍物質提供結構支撐：水母

· Elastic ligament provides support, shock absorption: large grazing mammals 彈性韌帶提供支持，減震：大型草食哺乳動物

· Spines work as shock absorbers: West European hedgehog 棘工作減震器：西歐刺猬

· Tail prevents sinking: sturgeons 尾防止下沉：鱘魚

· Carrying heavy loads in flight: Eastern red bat 搬運重物飛行：東方紅蝙蝠

· Shell changes shape: pancake tortoise 殼牌改變形狀：煎餅龜

· Branches provide support: Russian thistle 分支提供支持：俄羅斯薊

· Teeth are resilient: sea otter 牙齒是彈性：海獺

· Shells are tough: red abalone 砲彈是艱難的：紅鮑

· Footpads manage increasing body mass: mammals 管理日益增加的體重足墊：哺乳動物

· Trachea enables deep dives: leatherback sea turtle 氣管使深海潛水：棱皮龜海

· Exoskeleton adjusts: insects 外骨骼調整：昆蟲

· Creep (0) 蠕變（0）

· Impact (50) 影響（50）

· Micro-tile Covered Foam 微瓦蓋泡沫

· Beak design absorbs high-energy impacts: toco toucan 比克設計吸收高能量的影響：托哥大嘴鳥


· Intricate silica architecture survives forces: diatoms 錯綜複雜的矽結構生存力：矽藻

· Web absorbs impacts: spiders 網絡吸收的影響：蜘蛛

· Footpads dampen shock: bush-cricket 足墊挫傷休克：布什板球

· Shell is tough armor: golden scale snail 殼牌是艱難的鎧甲：金色的鱗甲蝸牛

· Insect elytra resist shear and cracking: beetles 昆蟲鞘翅抵抗剪切和打擊：甲蟲

· Tissues resist bending under stress: giant green anemone 根據組織抵抗彎曲應力：大綠海葵

· Crystals and fibers provide strength, flexibility: bones 晶體和纖維提供力量，靈活性：骨頭

· Coating protects during impacts: fleas 時保護塗層的影響：跳蚤

· Shells resist external loading: birds 殼抵禦外部載荷：鳥類

· Spinal column has strength and flexibility: armored shrew 脊柱的力量和柔韌性：裝甲鼩

· Ctenoid scales form protective layer: bony fish 櫛鱗形成保護層：硬骨魚

· Scales form protective layer: bony fish 秤形成保護層：硬骨魚

· Fine strands stabilize bones: humans 細鏈穩定的骨頭：人類

· Acrobatics used to land: house fly 雜技用於土地：家蠅

· Rolling into a ball for protection: armadillo 擀成球的保護：犰狳

· Rolling into a ball for protection: pill millipede 擀成球的保護：千足蟲丸

· Rolling locomotion used for hilly terrain: Mount Lyell salamander 用於軋製運動丘陵地形：山萊爾蠑螈

· Organic cases provide protection: bagworm moths 有機案件提供保護：bagworm蛾

· Seeds survive extreme falls: Brazil nut tree 種子生存的極端瀑布：巴西堅果的樹

· Arrangement allows self-cushioning: spittle bug 安排允許自我緩衝：唾沫錯誤

· Feet used to slow landings: true frogs 腳用來緩慢降落：真青蛙

· Bones absorb compression shock: birds 吸收骨壓縮性休克：鳥類

· Structures minimize materials, maximize strength: organisms 盡量減少材料的結構，最大限度地提高強度：生物

· Pads cushion feet: mammals 墊墊腳：哺乳動物

· Thin "shells" resist impact loading: sea urchins 薄“砲彈”抵抗衝擊載荷：海膽

· Elastic ligament provides support, shock absorption: large grazing mammals 彈性韌帶提供支持，減震：大型草食哺乳動物

· Shell protects, supports, and allows for growth: shelled mollusks 外殼保護，支持和允許增長：帶殼軟體動物

· Skeletal construction provides shock absorption: cats 骨骼肌建設提供減震：貓

· Spines work as shock absorbers: West European hedgehog 棘工作減震器：西歐刺猬

· Structures optimize material use: plants 結構優化材料的使用：植物

· Eggs protected from scratches and impacts: rainbird 蛋的保護，划痕和影響：雷恩伯德

· Exoskeleton absorbs shock: dragonfly 外骨骼吸收衝擊：蜻蜓

· Design features aid efficient attachment: lice 高效的設計特點援助附件：蝨子

· Covering protects eye: pied kingfisher 覆蓋保護眼睛：斑點翠鳥

· Body protected from diving impact: brown pelican 身體的保護，跳水的影響：布朗佩利肯

· Head protected from minor impacts: cassowaries 頭部保護未成年人的影響：食火雞

· Eyes protected underwater: crocodile 眼睛保護水下：鱷魚

· Branches provide support: Russian thistle 分支提供支持：俄羅斯薊

· Body manages impact: woodpecker 機構管理的影響：啄木鳥

· Shells are tough: red abalone 砲彈是艱難的：紅鮑

· Footpads manage increasing body mass: mammals 管理日益增加的體重足墊：哺乳動物

· Granules prevent slippage: orb-weaver spiders 顆粒防止滑動：球，韋弗蜘蛛

· Larvae protected from predators: case-bearing leaf beetles 幼蟲免受天敵：個案軸承葉甲蟲

· Fibers contract and relax: spiders 纖維的收縮和放鬆：蜘蛛

· Hardened bubbles provide protection: foam-nesting frog 硬化泡沫提供保護：泡沫築巢的青蛙

· Mechanical wear (32) 機械磨損（32）

· Anchor has flexibility: bull kelp 錨桿靈活性：公牛海帶

· Macromolecules aid joint lubrication: humans 大分子援助關節潤滑：人

· Skin, mucus prevent abrasion: blennies 皮膚，黏液防止磨損：blennies

· Tongue moves fast: chameleons 動作快舌：變色龍

· Sticky berries adhere: European mistletoe 置頂漿果堅持：歐洲槲寄生

· Fluid lubricates joints: vertebrates 流體潤滑關節：脊椎動物

· Resin protects damage: conifer trees 樹脂保護損害：針葉樹

· Seed coat and enzymes protect seed: lotus 種皮及種子酶的保護：荷花

· Teeth self-sharpen: sea urchins 牙自我提升：海膽

· Skin exhibits low friction: sandfish skink 皮膚具有較低的摩擦：雷魚石龍子

· Teeth are self-sharpening: American beaver 牙齒是自銳：美國河狸

· Moving parts are lubricated: diatoms 運動部件潤滑：矽藻

· Employing frictional devices: tenebrionid beetles 用人摩擦裝置：tenebrionid甲蟲

· Scales protect skin: cartilaginous fish 具有保護皮膚：軟骨魚類

· Sharp teeth always available: nurse sharks 鋒利的牙齒始終可用：護士鯊

· Skin properties derive from arrangement of components: mammals 皮膚性質的成分來源於安排：哺乳動物

· Body sheds dirt particles: stonefly larvae 身體雞舍污垢粒子：StoneFly的幼蟲

· Teeth specialized to diet: macropods 牙專門用於飲食：macropods

· Specialized teeth wear down but remain effective: grazing animals 專業牙齒磨損，但仍然有效：草食動物

· Teeth resist compression and tension: animals that chew 牙齒抵抗壓力和張力：動物咀嚼

· Eggs protected from scratches and impacts: rainbird 蛋的保護，划痕和影響：雷恩伯德

· Teeth replace themselves: kangaroo 牙齒替換自己：袋鼠

· Skin protected when burrowing: platypus 當皮膚的保護穴居：鴨嘴獸

· Wings fold multiple times without wear: beetles 折翼多次無磨損：甲蟲

· Tongue protected from thorns: giraffe 舌的保護，荊棘：長頸鹿

· Seeds dispersed across the sea: sea bean 種子分散在海：海豆

· Seeds survive long sea voyages: coconut palm 漫長的海上航行種子生存：椰子樹

· Threads have hard flexible coating: mussel 靈活的線程都硬塗層：貽貝

· Teeth adapted to changing environments: great apes 牙適應不斷變化的環境：類人猿

· Mucus enhances mobility: polychaete worm 粘液增強流動性：多毛類蠕蟲

· Gills reduce drag: Atlantic surf clam 吉爾斯減少阻力：大西洋衝浪蛤蜊

· Matrix supports tissue engineering: organisms 支持矩陣組織工程：生物

· Shear (18) 剪切（18）

· Spiral fibers strengthen tree trunks: whitebark pine 螺旋纖維加強樹幹：懷特巴克松

· Stretchable architecture resists breakage: bull kelp 伸縮結構抗斷裂：公牛海帶


· Lightweighting: Scots pine 輕量化：歐洲赤松

· Insect elytra resist shear and cracking: beetles 昆蟲鞘翅抵抗剪切和打擊：甲蟲

· Tissues resist bending under stress: giant green anemone 根據組織抵抗彎曲應力：大綠海葵

· Pulled support stalks have low flow stress: algae 支持秸稈拉應力低流量：藻類

· Wood resists fractu

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