· web viewalmost every bulb planted for production, grows a tulip and develops several new...
TRANSCRIPT
PART ONE
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Cultivation of the tulip began in Persia, probably in the 10th century. Early cultivars must have emerged from hybridisation in gardens from wild
collected plants, which were then favoured, possibly due to flower size or growth vigour. The tulip is not mentioned by any writer from antiquity.
In the Ottoman Empire, numerous types of tulips were cultivated and bred, and today, 14 species can still be found in Turkey. Although it is unknown who first brought the tulip to Northwestern Europe, the most widely accepted story is that it was Oghier Ghislain de Busbecq,
an ambassador for Emperor Ferdinand I to Suleyman the Magnificent.
Carolus Clusius planted tulips at the Vienna Imperial Botanical Gardens in 1573. After he was appointed director of the Leiden University's newly established Hortus Botanicus, he planted some of his tulip bulbs here in late 1593. Thus, 1594 is considered
the date of the tulip's first flowering in the Netherlands, despite reports of the cultivation of tulips in private gardens in Antwerp and Amsterdam two or three decades earlier. These tulips at Leiden would eventually lead to both the Tulip mania and the tulip industry in the Netherlands. (1,2)1
Carolus Clusius is largely responsible for the spread of tulip bulbs in the final years of the sixteenth century. He finished the first major work on tulips in 1592, and made note of the variations in colour. While a faculty member in the school of medicine at the University of Leiden, Clusius planted both a teaching garden and his private garden with tulips. In 1596 and 1598, over a hundred bulbs were stolen from his garden in a single
1 Tulip from Istanbul's palace gardens • miniature painting by Abdullah Buhari • 16th CenturyAvailable at: www.pinterest.com/pin/316096467571000291/?from_navigate=true Made in Turkey, 1621. Ink on paper. Ottoman School Ottoman DynastyAvailable at: https://www.pinterest.com/pin/516436282240344906/?from_navigate=true=
raid. Between 1634 and 1637, the enthusiasm for the new flowers triggered a speculative frenzy now known as the tulip mania.
Tulip mania or tulipomania was a period in the Dutch Golden Age during which contract prices for bulbs of the recently introduced tulip reached extraordinarily high levels and then suddenly collapsed.
At the peak of tulip mania, in March 1637, some single tulip bulbs were sold for more than 10 times the annual income of a skilled craftsman. It is generally considered the first recorded speculative bubble (or economic bubble). The term “tulip mania” is now often used metaphorically to refer to any large economic bubble (wh en asset prices deviate from intrinsic values).Source: http://onfurn.com/tulip-mania-gorden-
gekko-wall-street-painting
Source: http://www.smithsdaily.com/finance-history-market-crashes-part-i-tulip-mania-1636-7/
Flora's Malle-wagen van Hendrik Pot 1640
Allegory of the Tulip Mania. The goddess of flowers is riding along with three drinking and money weighing men and two women on a car. Weavers from Haarlem have thrown away their equipment and are following the car. The destiny of the car is shown in the background: it will disappear in the sea.
Source:
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Flora%27s_Malle-wagen_van_Hendrik_Pot_1640.jpg
Anonymous 17th-century watercolor of the Semper Augustus, famous for being the most
expensive tulip sold during tulipmania.
Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Semper_Augustus_Tulip_17th_century.jpg
PART TWO
Tulip Mania: The First Bubble [Debt & Doubt - Animation 6] | RADAR (AVROTROS)
Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w6MeB5uLflo
Historiotix Bites - Tulip Mania
Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Cwyc-rP7zM
PART THREE
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Source: https://www.learner.org/jnorth/images/graphics/t/tulip_bulb_xsec.gif
TASK 1
Tulip Bulbs: The Inside Story Dissect and Discover
Available at: https://www.learner.org/jnorth/tm/tulips/jr/bulbtools2_0.html
THE CULTIVATION OF TULIPS IN HOLLAND
Most of the tulip bulbs sold around the world are grown in Holland. These bulbs are the result of many years of tulip bulb production. Every year tulips are grown in Holland to gain more bulbs to sell. Almost every bulb planted for production, grows a tulip and develops several new bulbs depending on the species.
In Holland the tulip bulbs are planted from half October till half December depending on the weather conditions. The tulip growers start planting the tulip bulbs when the soil temperature has gone down to +/- 12oC. When the soil temperature is higher there is a risk for diseases like Augusta sick and Fusarium.
After the bulbs are planted, they start rooting in the soil. From November till February the tulips stay below the surface because the temperature is low during this period (-10oC/ 5oC). This period
of low temperature is necessary for the tulips to get their length later on. When around the end of March the temperature starts rising in Holland, the tulips start growing out of the ground. When the leafs of the tulip plants start spreading, the tulip growers start
TASK 2
selecting the tulip plants for viruses by looking for differentials on the leafs. Virus selection is taking out the sick plants which show differentials from the healthy plants. Around the end of April the tulips flower on the fields. During the flowering period the tulip growers select the tulip plants for viruses by looking for differentials on the flowers.
After the tulips are "cleaned" from the viruses, the tulip growers cut the flowers from the tulip plants so the tulip plants can use all their energy to produce bigger bulbs. Half July the tulip plants have grown big bulbs and the tulip plants die. After the tulip plants have died the bulbs are ready for harvesting. After the bulbs are harvested they will be prepared for sale. The bulbs are being dried, cleaned and divided into different sizes.
The Story of the Tulips | Planting to Harvest | One year at Maliepaard Bloembollen
Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z_CYJO2rbsg
LITERATURE2
http://www.dictionary.com/wordoftheday/2016/05/01/tulipomania
http://focusplanninggroup.net/2015/06/18/tulip-mania/
https://www.amazon.com/Tulipomania-Poster-Wall-Street-2/dp/B004HYXLNS
https://www.pinterest.com/pin/262545853251897945/
https://www.pinterest.com/pin/262545853250532485/
https://www.pinterest.com/pin/262545853249353584/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulip
https://thebellinicard.wordpress.com/2012/03/09/tulipomania-almost-too-beautiful-for-words/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulip_mania
https://www.google.hr/search?q=tulipomania&espv=2&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj2k-7ItqzNAhVBXBQKHZjcAogQ_AUICCgB&biw=1920&bih=947#imgrc=jrgjX2M0WWCWsM%3A
https://mariathermann.wordpress.com/2015/10/09/tulipomania-part-2/
http://www.thebubblebubble.com/tulip-mania/
https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio/timeline-dutch-history/1637-tulipmania
http://www.munsterflowerbulbs.com/tulipforcing.htmlVIDEO CLIPS3
Tulip Mania: The First Bubble [Debt & Doubt - Animation 6] | RADAR (AVROTROS) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w6MeB5uLflo
Historiotix Bites - Tulip Mania https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Cwyc-rP7zM
The Story of the Tulips | Planting to Harvest | One year at Maliepaard Bloembollenhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z_CYJO2rbsg
2 Last accessed on November 4th, 20163 Last accessed on November 4th, 2016