AP Gilded Age Exam part II study guide

“Under our system of railroad ownership, an excessive competition exists for the business of all competing points, while the local business of the various competing lines in an absolute monopoly. This has naturally resulted in compelling the corporations to do through business at rates often ruinously unremunerative, which again has compelled those companies to recoup themselves for their losses and secure their profits by excessive charges on the local traffic.” This passage explains which problem that farmers faced in the late nineteenth century?

a) prices charged by grain-elevator operatorsb) agricultural overproductionc) high protective tariffsd) long versus short haulse) heavy debt

Open-range ranching came to an end due toa) overproduction of beef and declining pricesb) federal support for irrigated agriculturec) the range wars between cattlemen and sheepherdersd) fencing of the plains with barbed wiree) increase in cattle production in the Midwest and East

Which of the following best illustrates government support for the construction of the first transcontinental railroad?

a) open immigration from Chinab) the exchange of Union Pacific stock for federal bondsc) creation of the Credit Mobilier construction companyd) the grant of thousands of acres of public lands to the railroadse) preference in hiring to Union Army veterans

A major factor in the drastic decline of the Plains Indians in the nineteenth century wasa) their placement on reservationsb) the escalation of intertribal wars aided by modern weaponsc) the hunting of the buffalo to near extinctiond) the loss of military leadership when important chiefs were killed or imprisonede) their failure to live up to treaty obligations

The Chautauqua movement wasa) an early form of adult educationb) an effort to prevent the teaching of evolutionc) a late nineteenth-century religious revivald) a literary movement of expatriate American authorse) a school of fiction based in the Midwest

Which of the following was a principal target of Thomas Nast’s political cartoons?a) slaveryb) President Andrew Jacksonc) new immigrantsd) Boss Tweede) the trusts

The Interstate Commerce Act included all of the following EXCEPTa) publication of railroad rate schedulesb) creation of a commission to hear problems of shippersc) prohibition of railroad ratesd) declaration of short-haul differences as unlawfule) establishment of fixed rate schedules for railroads to charge shippers

Which of the planks from the 1892 Populist party platform showed a concern with issues raised by organized labor?

a) graduated income taxb) restrictions on immigrationc) government ownership of railroadsd) unlimited coinage of silvere) direct election of Senators

The 1892 Populist platform did NOT includea) government operation of the railroadsb) the initiativec) the referendumd) the subtreasury plane) high tariffs

Jacob Coxey’s 1894 march on Washington, D.C., called for a) tougher immigration restrictionsb) a government takeover of the railroadsc) an increase in the supply of paper moneyd) recognition of the legitimacy of labor unionse) generosity in granting pensions to Civil War veterans

“If the gold delegates dare to defend the gold standard as a good thing, we will fight them to the uppermost.” Bryan’s famous “cross of gold” speech called for

a) the unlimited coinage of silverb) lower tariffsc) a revival of greenback paper currencyd) renewed religious commitment for all Americanse) federal and social welfare programs to deal with the Panic of 1893

The injunction as a court order was often used in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century to a) break up trustsb) help farmers in danger of losing their farmsc) stop strikebreakingd) prevent labor unions from strikinge) protect blacks from civil rights abuses

The image above most directly reflects which of the following?a) Big business’s inability to control public policyb) The amount of influence that corporate leaders had on public policyc) The need for more civil service and immigration reformd) Fair representation of both labor and management within Congress

The political cartoon reflects concern over a similar topic during which of the following time periods?a) 1790-1800b) 1950-1960c) 1980-1990d) 1940-1950

Which of the following would the author of this cartoon most likely have agreed with?a) Weaker central governmentb) Corporate tax cutsc) Direct election of senatorsd) Repeal of anti-trust legislation

The Pendleton Act was enacted in response toa) efforts to raise tariffs on imported clothb) the assassination of President James Garfieldc) protests against civil service examinationsd) complaints about currency deflatione) the loss of public support for both political parties

The Gilded Age received its nickname from thea) improvement in the average American’s standard of livingb) corruption, greed, and superficial appearance of wealthc) success of mineral strikes in California and the western territoriesd) growth of cities and their attractionse) monetary gold standard

During the Gilded Age, the nation’s two major political partiesa) offered basically the same programsb) differed in the quality of their party leadersc) had similar bases of party membershipd) suffered from excessive argument and internal differencese) tried with success to avoid political scandals

Which of the following was the main issue in Munn v. Illinois?a) suppression of a major strike by the federal governmentb) monopolistic practices of the Standard Oil Companyc) state regulation of labor unionsd) state regulation of grain elevator operators and railroad ratese) state prosecution of a federal official

The first federal agency established to regulate business was the a) Pure Food and Drug Administrationb) Federal Power Commissionc) Federal Reserve Systemd) Interstate Commerce Commissione) Securities and Exchange Commission

Which of the following was the most broadly based labor organization in the late nineteenth century?a) American Federation of Laborb) Knights of Laborc) the Granged) Congress of Industrial Organizationse) Industrial Workers of the World

During the 1894 Pullman strike, President Grover Clevelanda) took the side of management in the disputeb) did nothing to stop the disputec) took the side of labor in the disputed) called on Congress to give the Interstate Commerce Commission enforcement powerse) invited management and labor representatives to the White House to settle the strike

(W)e seek to restore the government of the Republic to the hands of “the plain people,” with which class it originated. . . .

Our country finds itself confronted by conditions for which there is no precedent in the history of the world; . . . We pledge ourselves that if given power we will labor to correct these evils by wise and reasonable legislation, in accordance with the terms of our platform. We believe that the power of government – in other words, of the people – should be expanded (as in the case of the postal service) as rapidly and as far as the good sense of an intelligent people and the teaching of experience shall justify, to the end that oppression, injustice, and poverty shall eventually cease in the land.Omaha PlatformThe excerpt most directly reflects which of the following goals for the People’s Party?

a) Increase the federal government’s influence in the U.S. economyb) Encourage the organization of labor in major citiesc) Increased restrictions on immigration to protect small farmersd) Promote agricultural trade with European nations

The goals presented in the People’s Party platform have the most in common with which of the following?a) The sentiments of the leaders of the Seneca Falls Conventionb) Republican policies of the 1800sc) Free trade policies of the 1990sd) New Deal era reforms

The first federal law to restrict immigration, passed in 1882, was aimed ata) stopping Mexicans from crossing the border without first obtaining a visab) excluding Chinese immigrantsc) stopping immigration from eastern Europed) restricting the number of people coming into the United Statese) preventing smuggling of illegal aliens over the Canadian border

The first nationality excluded from immigrating to the United States was thea. Japaneseb. Mexicansc. Chinesed. Haitianse. Ottoman Turks

The chart above best serves as evidence of which of the following?a. Increased unionization of workers during the late 1800s and early 1900sb. Increased industrialization and immigration to major citiesc. The effect of the activities of militant civil rights activistsd. Rural areas becoming more politically relevant between 1860 and 1930