Inside Earth (pp. 144 – 149)Section 5.1

Definitions

Rock

Texture

Grain

Igneous rock

Sedimentary rock

Metamorphic rock

Inside Earth (pp. 144 – 149)Section 5.1

Label each photograph with the two terms that describe their grain shape. If the rock is fine-grained it will also be either no visible grain, banded, or non-banded. If the rock is coarse grained it will also be one of the following terms: rounded, jagged, non-banded, or banded.

Inside Earth (pp. 144 – 149)Section 5.1

USE COMPLETE SENTENCES for this Discussion question

A geologist wants to figure out what a rock is composed of. What observations will the geologist make?

Inside Earth (pp. 150 – 153)Section 5.2

Definitions

Extrusive

Intrusive

Porphyritic Texture

Determine if each term or photograph describes extrusive rock or intrusive rock. Write the word “extrusive” and the word “intrusive” to the right of each word or illustration.

Lava

Coarse Grain

Basalt

Most of the ocean crust

Glassy

Shield volcano

Porphyritic

Large Crystals

Fine-grain

Most of the continental crust

Lava plateau

Batholith

Inside Earth (pp. 150 – 153)Section 5.2

What does “ignus” mean?

What three things are used to classify igneous rocks?

USE COMPLETE SENTENCES. Why are some igneous rocks dark and other igneous rocks light in color?

USE COMPLETE SENTENCES. What causes some igneous rocks to have fine-grained texture and others to have coarse texture?

Inside Earth (pp. 154 – 158)Section 5.3

Definitions

Sediment

Erosion

Weathering

deposition

Compaction

Cementation

Inside Earth (pp. 154 – 158)Section 5.3

Clastic rocks

Organic rocks

Chemical rocks

Draw a diagram showing the process of sedimentary rock formation. Include an illustration and label for all four steps. Make sure that all the steps are in the correct order.

Inside Earth (pp. 154 – 158)Section 5.3

Label each of the photographs with the name of the clastic rock.

Label each of the photographs with the name of the organic rock.

Label each photograph with the name of the chemical rock.

Inside Earth (pp. 159 – 161)Section 5.4

Definitions:

Coral reef

Atoll

What conditions do coral animals need to survive?

Match each photograph with the coral structure.(All types have at least 2 answers)

____________________ Fringing reef

_____________________Barrier reef _________________________ Atoll

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

Inside Earth (pp. 162 – 164)

Section 5.5

Metamorphic Rock ClassificationMetamorphic rock is classified by texture and composition. The texture can be foliated or nonfoliated.

Nonfoliated:

Nonfoliated metamorphic rock contains only one mineral and is uniform in texture

Foliated:

Foliated metamorphic rocks appeared banded or layered. Foliated rocks can be ordered in terms of increasing metamorphism. Each change takes more heat and more pressure.

DIRECTIONS:

Use this information and the table on the next page to identify metamorphic rocks from their photographs and determine which rock was the parent (start) rock and which rock was the produced rock (end product)

Inside Earth (pp. 162 – 164)Section 5.5

CLASSIFICATION OF METAMORPHIC ROCKS

Parent Rock(The starting rock)

Rock that is Produced (after pressure and heat)

Texture of the resulting rock

Grain size of the resulting rock

Other characteristics of the resulting rock

ShaleMudstoneSiltstone

Slate

Foliated

Very fineSmooth, dull surfacesShale burns

Slate PhylliteFine Glossy

Phyllite Schist

Medium toCoarse

White with dark specks

Schist Gneiss Medium toCoarse

Bands

Limestone MarbleNonfoliated

Medium toCoarse

Visible grain in bands

QuartzSandstone

Quartzite Medium to Coarse

Fused grainsIn layers(the grains are stuck together)

Coal Anthracite Fine Black, shiny

Inside Earth (pp. 162 – 164)Section 5.5

Write the name of each rock underneath every picture. Then circle the arrow that shows which direction the rock changes when it undergoes heat and pressure stress. The arrow tip should

point to the resulting rock and away from the parent rock.

Inside Earth (pp. 162 – 164)Section 5.5

What properties of rock may change as the rock becomes metamorphic?

Why are you less likely to find fossils in metamorphic rocks than in sedimentary rocks?

Place the following phrases into the diagram:Sediments build up Igneous rock wears away Sedimentary rock formsIgneous rock forms Lava erupts

Magma forms from subducted rock and oceanic crust

S

Inside Earth (pp. 166 – 160)Section 5.6

Discussion

How can plate movements move rocks through the rock cycle?

The sedimentary rocks limestone and sandstone are used as building materials. However, they wear away more rapidly than marble and quartzite the metamorphic rocks that are formed from them. Why do you think this is so?