Welcome to Week 3Welcome to Week 3Beginning and EndingBeginning and Ending

VisualsVisuals

Demonstrative SpeechDemonstrative Speech

ObjectivesObjectives

How to Introduce (begin) your How to Introduce (begin) your speechspeech

How to Conclude (end) your How to Conclude (end) your speechspeech

How to use visuals wiselyHow to use visuals wisely

How to make a Demonstrative How to make a Demonstrative speechspeech

Duties of Introduction Duties of Introduction

Capture audience attentionCapture audience attention

Reveal the topicReveal the topic

Establish your credibilityEstablish your credibility

Preview your contentPreview your content

Ways to Capture Attention (1)Ways to Capture Attention (1)

Ask a rhetorical questionAsk a rhetorical question

Tell a storyTell a story

Give a quizGive a quiz

Ask for a show of handsAsk for a show of hands

Show a pictureShow a picture

Play an audio clipPlay an audio clip

Ways to Capture Attention (2)Ways to Capture Attention (2)

State a startling statisticState a startling statistic

Relate to your audienceRelate to your audience

Create curiosityCreate curiosity

State the importance of the topicState the importance of the topic

Show another type of visualShow another type of visual

Show a videoShow a video

Ways to Capture Attention (3)Ways to Capture Attention (3)

Refer to the occasionRefer to the occasion

Mention a related historical eventMention a related historical event

Use humorUse humor

Tell a related joke Tell a related joke

Ask audience to answer to a Ask audience to answer to a questionquestion

Credibility and GoodwillCredibility and Goodwill

Credibility: Credibility:

– are you qualified to speak on the are you qualified to speak on the topic?topic?

Goodwill: Goodwill:

– do you care about the topic and the do you care about the topic and the audience?audience?

Preview Your ContentPreview Your Content

Make this the last part of your Make this the last part of your introductionintroduction

State your main pointsState your main points

Tips for IntroductionsTips for Introductions

Avoid, Avoid, “Today I want to talk about”“Today I want to talk about”

Avoid, Avoid, “My speech is about . . .”“My speech is about . . .”

Avoid, Avoid, “I’d like to tell you about”“I’d like to tell you about”

Keep briefKeep brief

Prepare it lastPrepare it last

Consider memorizingConsider memorizing

Duties of ConclusionsDuties of Conclusions

Signal you are endingSignal you are ending

Restate your core messageRestate your core message

– Summarize your main points Summarize your main points

Ways to ConcludeWays to Conclude

Use words like Use words like In conclusionIn conclusion, , FinallyFinally, , Let me recapLet me recap, , To To summarizesummarize, , In closingIn closing

End with a quotationEnd with a quotation

Ask a questionAsk a question

Go back to the introductionGo back to the introduction

Say “Thank you”Say “Thank you”

Avoid saying . . .Avoid saying . . .

““That’s it.”That’s it.”

““That’s all I have to say.”That’s all I have to say.”

““That’s the end.”That’s the end.”

““I don’t know what else to say.”I don’t know what else to say.”

““That’s about it.”That’s about it.”

““Any questions?”Any questions?”

Exercise: Introduction 1Exercise: Introduction 1

What tiny crystal fortified the coffers of many What tiny crystal fortified the coffers of many ancient empires and laid waste to others? What ancient empires and laid waste to others? What mineral has the power to create and the power to mineral has the power to create and the power to destroy? What is “good as gold” when scarce and destroy? What is “good as gold” when scarce and “cheap as dirt” when abundant?“cheap as dirt” when abundant?

The answer to all of these questions is salt, the The answer to all of these questions is salt, the spice of life. Today I would like to look at the spice of life. Today I would like to look at the importance of salt in history, at how we spice up importance of salt in history, at how we spice up our lives with salt today, and at the role salt will our lives with salt today, and at the role salt will probably play in the future.probably play in the future.

Introduction 1 FlawsIntroduction 1 Flaws

This introduction uses a series of This introduction uses a series of questions to get attention, introduces questions to get attention, introduces the topic clearly, and has a concise the topic clearly, and has a concise preview statement. Its most obvious preview statement. Its most obvious flaw is a lack of material establishing flaw is a lack of material establishing the speaker’s credibility. It might the speaker’s credibility. It might also be improved by relating the also be improved by relating the topic of salt directly to the audience topic of salt directly to the audience at the outset.at the outset.

Introduction 2Introduction 2

We have so much unused human potential. By We have so much unused human potential. By improving the use of your time, you can have improving the use of your time, you can have much more time for social activities. You can use much more time for social activities. You can use your mental processes more fully, thereby your mental processes more fully, thereby improving your grades. You can also increase improving your grades. You can also increase your physical stamina and improve your health. your physical stamina and improve your health. We must learn to know our bodies.We must learn to know our bodies.

Introduction 2 FlawsIntroduction 2 Flaws

By relating to the audience, this introduction does By relating to the audience, this introduction does a fair job of capturing attention—but that is all. It a fair job of capturing attention—but that is all. It does not reveal the topic of the speech, establish does not reveal the topic of the speech, establish the credibility of the speaker, or preview the main the credibility of the speaker, or preview the main points of the speech.points of the speech.

Introduction 3Introduction 3

A six-year-old collie lay battered and helpless by the A six-year-old collie lay battered and helpless by the side of the road. The car that hit her had broken her side of the road. The car that hit her had broken her pelvis, dislocated her hip, and smashed her jaw. It pelvis, dislocated her hip, and smashed her jaw. It had also blinded her, and she whimpered in pain and had also blinded her, and she whimpered in pain and fear.fear.

Unfortunately, this true story happens much too Unfortunately, this true story happens much too frequently because of the growing problem of pet frequently because of the growing problem of pet overpopulation. Having grown up on a farm with overpopulation. Having grown up on a farm with animals of all kinds, I care deeply about their welfare, animals of all kinds, I care deeply about their welfare, and I have become aware through my veterinary and I have become aware through my veterinary courses of how serious the problem of pet courses of how serious the problem of pet overpopulation is.overpopulation is.

Introduction 3 FlawsIntroduction 3 Flaws

This introduction does an excellent job of gaining This introduction does an excellent job of gaining attention, of introducing the topic of pet attention, of introducing the topic of pet overpopulation, and of establishing the speaker’s overpopulation, and of establishing the speaker’s credibility. It is flawed, however, by its lack of a credibility. It is flawed, however, by its lack of a preview statement. As with the introduction on preview statement. As with the introduction on salt, it also could be strengthened if it related the salt, it also could be strengthened if it related the topic directly to the audience.topic directly to the audience.

Introduction 4Introduction 4

Every problem has at least two sides. When one side Every problem has at least two sides. When one side is right, and the other side is wrong, the problem is is right, and the other side is wrong, the problem is easy to solve. But what if both sides have merit in easy to solve. But what if both sides have merit in their arguments? How do you solve these problems?their arguments? How do you solve these problems?

Balancing the rights of everyone in an adoption is Balancing the rights of everyone in an adoption is one of these problems. The parents who give up the one of these problems. The parents who give up the child have a right that all the information they child have a right that all the information they disclose be kept confidential, while the adopted child disclose be kept confidential, while the adopted child has a right to know about the identity of his or her has a right to know about the identity of his or her natural parents.natural parents.

Today I’d like to explore this problem with you and Today I’d like to explore this problem with you and look at one approach to solving it.look at one approach to solving it.

Introduction 4 FlawsIntroduction 4 Flaws

This introduction does a good job of revealing the This introduction does a good job of revealing the topic and previewing the main points of the topic and previewing the main points of the speech. It does nothing to establish the speaker’s speech. It does nothing to establish the speaker’s credibility, and it is weak as an attention-getter.credibility, and it is weak as an attention-getter.

VisualsVisuals

ObjectsObjects

ModelsModels

PhotographsPhotographs

DrawingsDrawings

GraphsGraphs

ChartsCharts

VideoVideo

TransparenciesTransparencies

Multimedia Multimedia presentationspresentations

The speakerThe speaker

Visuals: ContentVisuals: Content

Remember the six-pack ruleRemember the six-pack rule

Include a titleInclude a title

Check for accuracyCheck for accuracy

SpellingSpelling

DataData

Parallel wordingParallel wording

Visuals: ReadabilityVisuals: Readability

Highlight with colorHighlight with color

Use a minimum 24-point fontUse a minimum 24-point font

Use a sans-serif fontUse a sans-serif font

Balance contentBalance content

EAZY LOAD SOFTWAREEAZY LOAD SOFTWARE

Eazy Load SoftwareEazy Load Software has these has these qualifications:qualifications:

– Eazy Load SoftwareEazy Load Software is easy to use is easy to use– Eazy Load SoftwareEazy Load Software loads easily loads easily– Eazy Load SoftwareEazy Load Software is Windows is Windows

compatiblecompatible

EAZY LOAD SOFTWAREEAZY LOAD SOFTWARE

Eazy Load SoftwareEazy Load Software is is

– Easy to useEasy to use

– Loads easilyLoads easily

– Compatible with WindowsCompatible with Windows

Font Style and SizeFont Style and Size

This is 24 san-serifThis is 24 san-serif

This is 24 serifThis is 24 serif

This is 32 san-serifThis is 32 san-serif

This is 32 serifThis is 32 serif

Balance ContentBalance Content

Highlight with colorHighlight with color Use a minimum 24-point fontUse a minimum 24-point font

Use a sans-serif fontUse a sans-serif font

Balance contentBalance content

BalancedBalanced

Highlight with colorHighlight with color

Use a minimum 24-point fontUse a minimum 24-point font

Use a sans-serif fontUse a sans-serif font

Balance contentBalance content

Be Savvy With Visuals cont.Be Savvy With Visuals cont.

Do Not Create Your Own Do Not Create Your Own CompetitionCompetition

Begin and end without the Begin and end without the projectorprojector

Talk to your audience, not the Talk to your audience, not the visualvisual

Don’t block the visualDon’t block the visual

Example: Motor Drive Example: Motor Drive

Motor Drive Assembly Motor Drive Assembly

1

2

34

56

7

8

9

10

11

12

Phrases to AvoidPhrases to Avoid

““If we had more time . . .”If we had more time . . .”

““If this equipment worked . . .”If this equipment worked . . .”

““If I had a visual to show you . . .”If I had a visual to show you . . .”

““If you could see this”If you could see this”

““I’m sorry . . .”I’m sorry . . .”

““I hope . . .”I hope . . .”

Using Note CardsUsing Note Cards

Use note cards: 3 x 5, 4 x 6Use note cards: 3 x 5, 4 x 6

Number the cardsNumber the cards

Use key words or phrasesUse key words or phrases

Use deliver prompts: EYE Use deliver prompts: EYE CONTACT, SPEAK LOUDER HERECONTACT, SPEAK LOUDER HERE

Using Note Cards continuedUsing Note Cards continued

Use sparinglyUse sparingly

Use openlyUse openly

Hold in one handHold in one hand

Avoid gesturing with the cardsAvoid gesturing with the cards