week 4 apa referencing[2]norita&fozia_pp [compatibility mode]
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REPORTING SOURCES FORREPORTING SOURCES FOR
LITERATURE REVIEWLITERATURE REVIEW
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References :References :
The Purdue University Writing LabThe Purdue University Writing Lab
Postgraduate Thesis Dissertation Manual, International Islamic University MalaysiaPostgraduate Thesis Dissertation Manual, International Islamic University Malaysia
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What is APA ?What is APA ?
American Psychological Association.American Psychological Association.(2001).(2001). Publication Manual of thePublication Manual of the
American Psychological Association (6thAmerican Psychological Association (6th
ed.). Washington,ed.). Washington, DC: Author.DC: Author.
For the latest and officialFor the latest and official
APA Electronic ReferenceAPA Electronic Reference
Formats" document :Formats" document :
Go toGo to
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. .. .
OWL website:OWL website:
owl.english.purdue.eduowl.english.purdue.edu
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In your research academic writing,In your research academic writing,
proper documentationproper documentation should be ashould be a
priority!priority!
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Warning :Warning :
This part takes an eyeThis part takes an eye
for detail.for detail.
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APA Style: Two Main ConcernsAPA Style: Two Main Concerns
The ReferenceThe ReferencePage /ListPage /List
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ParentheticalParentheticalCitationsCitations
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Why Use APA Format?1. Allows readers to
cross-reference yoursources easily
2. Provides consistent
discipline
3. Gives you credibilityas a writer
4. Protects yourself fromplagiarism
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2.2. Using a Consistent FormatUsing a Consistent Format
Using a consistentUsing a consistentformat helps yourformat helps yourreader understandreader understand
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and the sourcesand the sourcestheyre built on.theyre built on.
It also helps youIt also helps you
keep track of yourkeep track of yoursources as yousources as youbuild yourbuild your
arguments.arguments.
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3.3. Establishing CredibilityEstablishing Credibility
The proper use ofThe proper use ofAPA style showsAPA style showsthe credibility ofthe credibility of
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wr ers; sucwr ers; sucwriters showwriters showaccountability toaccountability to
their sourcetheir sourcematerial.material.
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4.4.Avoiding PlagiarismAvoiding Plagiarism
Proper citation of yourProper citation of yoursources in APA stylesources in APA stylecan help you avoidcan help you avoid
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p ag ar sm, w c s ap ag ar sm, w c s aserious offense. Itserious offense. Itmay result in anythingmay result in anythingfrom failure of thefrom failure of the
assignment toassignment toexpulsion from theexpulsion from theuniversity.university.
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The Reference Page /ListThe Reference Page /List Your reference list should appear on a
new page, at the end of your paper. It is a list of every source that you make
reference to in your essay (eachretrievable source cited in the essay must
,
versa).
It provides the information necessary fora reader to locate and retrieve anysources cited in your essay.
All texts should be double-spaced just likethe essay.
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The Reference Page /ListThe Reference Page /List
Most citations should contain the followingMost citations should contain the followingbasic information:basic information:
Title of workTitle of work
Publication informationPublication information
1111
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A sample of a referenceA sample of a reference
page/listpage/listReferencesReferences
Bowlby, J. (1973).Attachment and loss. New York, NY: Basic
Book.
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est nger, ., ec en, ., c ac er, . . en
prophecy fails. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota
Press.
Johnson, J.E., & Yule, A. (1994). Play and early childhood
development. New York, NY: Addison Wesley
Longman, Inc.
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A sample of a referenceA sample of a referencepage/listpage/list
References
Klein, J. (1998, October 5). Dizzy days. The New Yorker,
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- .
Shay, J. (1994). Achilles in Vietnam: Combat trauma and
the undoing of character. New York, NY:
Touchstone.
Shaykh Abd. Rahman Ibn Abd. Latif. (1972).Masahi ulama
najd. Al-Riyad: Dar-al-Yamamah.
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The reference list (APA STYLE)POINTS TO REMEMBER:
Entries must be arranged in alphabetical order. Typing must be double-spaced.
Entries should have a hanging indent after the first line
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one- a nc rom e t marg n . Entries must not be categorized.
Entries must not be numbered.
Only the first word of the title of the book, the word
after a colon and proper names should be capitalized. Titles of books and names of journals, magazines and
newspapers should be typed in italics. Dont underline.
Use colon to separate the place of publication and thepublisher.
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The reference list (APA STYLE) Use full stop at the end of every entry and after every
part of the entry for example after year, after title, etc.
Write the surnames in full but use only the initials forfirst and middle names.
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Write muslim names in full.
Alphabetize group authors, such as associations orgovernment agencies, by the first significant word of
the name.
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Cont.
If the work is signed anonymous the entry beginswith the word anonymous spelled out, and the entryis alphabetized as if anonymous were a true name.
,position, and the entry is alphabetized by the firstsignificant word of the title.
Treat legal reference like entries with no author; thatis, alphabetize legal references by the firstsignificant item in the entry.
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The reference list (APA STYLE)
NOW, PLEASE FOCUS
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ON THE SPECIFICRULES INVOLVED.
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BOOKS SINGLE (1) AUTHOR
Last name first, followed by authors initial. For location,
always list the city and the state using the 2 letter postalabbreviation without periods (New York, NY:)
Bowlby, J. (1973).Attachment and loss. New
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York, NY: Basic Book.
Shaykh Abd. Rahman Ibn Abd. Latif. (1972).
Masahi ulama najd. Al-Riyad: Dar-al-
Yamamah.
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BOOKS - 2 AUTHORS
List by their last names and initials, use the symbol (&)
instead of and.
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, . ., , . .
early childhood development. New
York, NY: Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.
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BOOKS - 3 to 7 AUTHORS
List by last names and initials; commas to separate author
names, while the last author name is preceded againby the symbol.
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Kernis, M. H., Cornell, D. P., Sun, C. R.,Berry, A., & Harlow, T. (1993). There'smore to self-esteem than whether it is high
or low: The importance of stability of self-esteem.Journal of Personality and SocialPsychology, 65, 1190-1204.
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BOOKS MORE THAN 7AUTHORS
Harris, M., Karper, E., Stacks, G., Hoffman,
D., DeNiro, R., Cruz, P., Thomas, S.T., Rubin,
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. . . r ng a s an e o ywoo
connection. Journal of Film and Writing,44(3),
213-245.
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BOOKS - EDITED COLLECTION
Higgins, J. (Ed). (1989). Psychology. New
York, NY: Norton.
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Duncan, G.J., & Brooks-Gunn, J. (Eds.).
(1997). Consequences of growing uppoor. New York, NY: McGraw Hill.
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BOOKS A SPECIFIC EDITION
Brocket, O. (1967).History of the theatre (5th
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ed. . Boston: A yn and Bacon.
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BOOKS- SECOND WORK BY THESAME AUTHOR
Brown, R. (1985). Words and things. NewYork, NY: Macmillan.
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Brown, R. (1997). Social psychology. NewYork, NY: Macmillan.
Note:
list the entries by the year
(earliest comes first).
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BOOKS- SECOND WORK BY THESAME AUTHOR IN THE SAME YEAR
Berndt, T. J. (1981a). Age changes andchanges over time in prosocial intentions and
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e av or etween r en s. eve opmentaPsychology, 17, 408-416.
Berndt, T. J. (1981b). Effects of friendship on
prosocial intentions and behavior. ChildDevelopment, 52, 636-643.
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BOOKS - UNKNOWN AUTHOR
Experimental psychology. (1988). New
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or , : o t u cat on.
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CORPORATE AND GOVERNMENTAUTHORSHIP
International Islamic University Malaysia.(1992).Islamization of knowledge. Malaysia:
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.
National Institute of Mental Health. (1990).
Clinical training in serious mental
illness. Washington, DC: U.S. GovernmentPrinting Office.
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RELIGIOUS SOURCES
Al-Quran, Surah Al-Ba arah: 152-153.
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THESIS
Ahmad Zaini Zahid. (1991).A study of sleep ofsleep deprivation and its effects on teenagers.
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,
Nebraska).
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ELECTRONIC SOURCES (WEBPUBLICATIONS)
Author, A.A. (Date of publication). Title of article. Titleof online periodical, volume number. Retrievedfrom http://www.someaddress.com/
ho L 1 Te hno o and
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education. Retrieved fromhttp://www.ilt.columbia.html.
New child vaccine gets funding boost.
(2000). Retrieved fromhttp://news/health
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JOURNAL, E-JOURNAL AND
NEWSPAPER ARTICLES
Faisal Othman. ( 1996, October 6). Islam and development.The Star, p. 12.
Parker-Po e T. 2008 . Ps chiatr handbook linked
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to drug industry. The New York Times. Retrieved fromhttp://www.nytimes.com
Sawyer, J. (1996). Measurement and prediction. PsychologicalBulletin (3), p. 178-200.
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JOURNAL, E-JOURNAL ANDNEWSPAPER ARTICLES -
NO AUTHOR
Clinton puts human face on health-care plan.1993 Se tember 16 . The New York
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Times, p. 11.Cultivation of positive emotions to optimize
health and well-being. (2000). Prevention
and treatment(3), 2000. Retrieved from
http://www.apa.com
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LEGAL CASESLEGAL CASES
Faridah Dato Talib v Mohd Habibullah.(1990). 1 MLJ 74.
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Ngieng Shiat Yen v Phang Wai Ann. (1995). 3
MLJ 130.
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ACTSACTS
Mental Health System Act, (1988)Mental Health System Act, (1988)
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Rubenstein, J.P. (1997). The effects oftelevision violence on small children. In
ITEMS IN ANTHOLOGY
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. . .
psychological development. New York:
American Psychological Society.
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TELEVISION AND RADIOTELEVISION AND RADIOPROGRAMMESPROGRAMMES
Keillor, G. (Producer), & Smith, L.
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rec or . c ., . pra r e
home companion (Radio Program). St.
Louis: KMOX
ONLINE LECTURE NOTES ANDONLINE LECTURE NOTES AND
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ONLINE LECTURE NOTES ANDONLINE LECTURE NOTES AND
PRESENTATION SLIDESPRESENTATION SLIDESProvide the file format in brackets after the lectureProvide the file format in brackets after the lecture
title.title.
HallamHallam, A., A. Duality in consumer theoryDuality in consumer theory(PDF(PDF
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document). Retrieved from lecture notesdocument). Retrieved from lecture notesonline web site:online web site:
http://www.econ.istate/classes/hallamhttp://www.econ.istate/classes/hallam
Roberts, K.F. (1998).Roberts, K.F. (1998). Federal regulations inFederal regulations inthe environmentthe environment(Power Point slides).(Power Point slides).
Retrieved from http://siri.uvm.edu/ppt/Retrieved from http://siri.uvm.edu/ppt/
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COMPREHENSIONCOMPREHENSIONUESTIONSUESTIONS
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