welcome first aid training emergency. preserve life prevent worsening promote recovery the aims of...
TRANSCRIPT
Remove Danger
YES
Resuscitation
Give 30 chest compressions, then 2 rescue breaths. Continue giving cycles of 30 compressions to 2 rescue breaths. Only stop to recheck the casualty if they start to wake up AND start breathing normally. If there is more than one rescuer, change over every 1 - 2 minutes to prevent fatigue.
30 to 2
Resuscitation flow chart3
Open AirwayA
Normal Breathing?
Call 999/112 Now(If not already done)
NO
B
Danger?D
Response?
NO
NO
Help!
R
WARNING:
“In the first few minutes after cardiac arrest, a casualty may be barely
breathing, or taking infrequent, noisy gasps. These are known as ‘agonal’
gasps, and should not be confused with normal breathing.”
If you are in doubt, start CPR.
Resuscitation4-8
First Aiders can use the adult sequence of resuscitation on a
child or baby who is unresponsive and not breathing.
Child and baby CPR7 Child and baby CPR7
For a babyunder 1 year, use two fingers
For a child over 1 year,use one or two handsto achieve an adequate depth
The following minor modifications to the adult sequence will, however, make it even more suitable for use in children:
If you are on your own, perform resuscitation for about 1 minute before going for help
Give five initial rescue breaths before starting chest compressions
Compress the chest by about one-third of its depth:
Child and baby CPR7
Secondary survey9
Primary Survey First – DRABC
Recovery Position?
History, Signs and Symptoms
Head and Neck
Shoulders and Chest
Abdomen and Pelvis
Legs and Arms
Pockets and Clues
Pain
Loss of power
Unnatural movement
Swelling or bruising
Deformity
Irregularity
Crepitus
Tenderness
Broken bones – signs and symptoms20
Factors giving relief
Other signs and symptoms
Pulse
Skin
Duration
Location of Pain
Pain
OnsetSudden, usually during exertion, stress or extreme weather.
Sudden, can occur at rest.
Vice-like squashing pain.‘Dull’, ‘tightness’ or ‘pressure’.Can be mistaken for indigestion.
Central chest. Can radiate intoarms, neck, jaw, back, shoulders.
Vice-like squashing pain.‘Dull’, ‘tightness’ or ‘pressure’.Can be mistaken for indigestion.
Central chest. Can radiate into arms, neck, jaw, back, shoulders.
3 – 8 Minutes, rarely longer. Usually longer than 30 minutes.
Pale, may be sweaty. Pale, grey colour. May sweat profusely.
Variable. Often becomesirregular, missing beats.
Variable. Often becomesirregular, missing beats.
Shortness of breath,weakness, anxiety.
Shortness of breath, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, sense of ‘impending doom’.
Resting, reducing stress,taking ‘GTN’ medication.
GTN medication may give partial or no relief.
Angina Heart Attack
Angina and heart attack22
Diabetes24
insulin
Fixed amount injected:
Burns up sugar! To balance the insulin taken.
Eaten:
sugar
Diabetes – low blood sugar24
sugar
insulin
Overdosedon insulin
Or not eaten enough food;
Or over exercised.
Oxygen + Food = Energy = LIFEOxygen + Food = Energy = LIFE
Why is low blood sugar so dangerous?
Brain cells can only use glucoseglucose (sugar) for energy.
Diabetes – low blood sugar24
High Blood Sugar Low Blood Sugar
Onset Slow Fast
Levels of response
Deteriorate slowly Deteriorate rapidly
Skin Dry and Warm Pale, cold, sweaty
Breathing Deep sighing breaths Shallow and rapid
Pulse Rapid Rapid
Other symptoms
Excessive urinationVery thirsty
HungerFruity smell on breath
May be confused for drunkenness
Diabetes24