welcome to engrd 2190 - chemical process design & analysis
TRANSCRIPT
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Welcome to EngrD 2190 -Chemical Process Design & Analysis
Professor T. M. Duncan
The Robert Frederick Smith Schoolof Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering
Today:Course Content
Course ObjectivesCourse Organization
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Chemical EngineeringCore Concepts
Mass, Energy, and Economic Balances
Transport Phenomena - Heat & Mass Transfer
Chemical Thermodynamics
Chemical Kinetics
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The Chemical Engineering Curriculum
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The Progression of Topicsin the Chemical Engineering Core Curriculum
Mathematics & ScienceCalculusPhysicsChemistryBiology
FundamentalsFreshman and
Sophomore Years
Engineering SciencesMass & Energy BalancesFluid MechanicsChemical Thermodynamics Chemical Kinetics
Engineering ToolsSophomore and
Junior Years
Chemical Process UnitsHeat & Mass TransferSeparation ProcessesChemical Reactor DesignUnit Operations Laboratory
Building Blocksof Chemical Processes
Junior Year
Chemical ProcessesProcess DesignOptimization & Control
Chemical ProcessesSenior Year
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EngrD 2190 Prerequisites• Freshman Engineering Curriculum: an EngrI,
Math 1910, Math 1920, Phys 1112, Intro to CS,and a year of general chemistry.
• EngrD 2190 cannot be taken concurrentlywith EngrI 1120.
• If you intend to major in chemical engineering, you should also be enrolled in Chem 3890.
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“The scientist describes what is.The engineer creates what never was.”
Theordore von Karman (1881-1963)
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Engineering
“Where noble, semi-skilled laborersexecute the visions
of those who think and dream.”
“Hello Oompah-Loompahs of Science.”
Sheldon Cooper, PhD.
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Chemical Engineersdesign and analyze
processesbased on chemical change
Chemical and Biomolecular Engineersdesign and analyze
processes based on chemical and biomolecular change
Chemical and Biomolecular Engineersdesign and analyze
processes and productsbased on chemical and biomolecular change
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Traditional Chemical Engineeringbulk chemicals and processes
• Petroleum products - fuels, oils, chemicals
• Polymers - plastics, synthetic elastics, synthetic fibers
• Fertilizers - ammonia, phosphates, nitrates
• Energy - power plants
• Antibiotics - penicillin, polio vaccine
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The World’s EnergyEnergy Reserves Energy Resources
95% of the world’s coal is inaccessible
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Half the World’s Coal is in the U.S.
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Underground Coal Gasificationcoal (C2nHn) + H2O(g) CO +
45 H2
kJ/mol90
kJ/mol100
0rxn
0rxn
G
H
Must burn some coal to drive the reaction.
coal + O2 CO2 + H2O
kJ/mol400
kJ/mol400
0rxn
0rxn
G
H
endothermic
not spontaneous
exothermic
spontaneous
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Underground Coal Gasification
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building blocksbuilding blocks crystalscrystals
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Contemporary Chemical Engineeringspecialty chemicals and processes
• Electronics - semiconductors, photolithographiccoatings, device encapsulation
• Biochemical - therapeutic proteins, diagnostic enzymes,monoclonal antibodies
• Biomedical - artificial organs, diagnostics, drug delivery• Nanochemical Systems – chemical analysis and detection,
chemical screening, power sources • Pollution Control - catalytic converters, waste minimization
• Sustainable Engineering - life cycle design and analysis, recycling, energy - new sources and new carriers
• Energy - fuel cells
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Chemical EngineeringCore Concepts
Mass, Energy, and Economic Balances
Transport Phenomena - Heat & Mass Transfer
Chemical Thermodynamics
Chemical Kinetics
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EngrD 2190 - Chemical Process Design & Analysis - Course Objectives
OverallTo introduce chemical process design and analysis.
Engineering SkillsTo design a chemical or biomolecular process by the following steps:
define the real problemgenerate ideascreate a designanalyze the design.
To analyze a chemical or biomolecular process with three methods:
mathematical modelinggraphical modelingdimensional analysis / dynamic scaling.
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Analyzing Designs
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Mathematical Modeling“To subordinate the phenomena of nature
to the laws of mathematics” Isaac Newton
Si
HCl (gas)
H2 SiHCl3 (liquid)
gases: SiH4 SiH3Cl SiH2Cl2
reactor(Sieman's process)
condenser35°C
condenser30°C
miscellaneouschlorides
reactor(chlorinator)
reactor(electric arc furnace)
2000°C
coalsandO2mixer
Si (liquid)coal
sand
O2 COH2O (gas)
gases: SiH4 SiH3Cl SiH2Cl2 SiHCl3
liquids: SiCl4 AlCl3 FeCl2 FeCl3
HCl
Rate of Silicon Production = ...
Energy Consumption = ...
Return on Investment = ...
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Graphical AnalysisExample: Mixtures of Water and Ammonia
0
0.5
1
0 0.5 1
0
0.5
1
0 0.5 1
1
2
3
45
67
8 9
ammonia fractionin the vapor
ammonia fraction in the liquid
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Dynamic Scaling(Dimensional Analysis)
largeproposed system
smallworking model
scale-up
microproposed system
smallworking model
scale-down
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EngrD 2190 - Chemical Process Design & Analysis - Course Objectives
OverallTo introduce chemical process design and analysis.
Engineering SkillsTo design a chemical or biomolecular process by the following steps:
define the real problemgenerate ideascreate a designanalyze the design.
To analyze a chemical or biomolecular process with three methods:
mathematical modelinggraphical modelingdimensional analysis / dynamic scaling.
Learning SkillsTo know your natural learning style, to recognize the learning style of apresentation or document, and to translate into your preferred learning style.For example, visual vs. verbal, active vs. reflective.
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3 x 5 Card
David Caughey
DAY-vid KOY
Dave
ChemE
Professor Bland
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ChemESeniors
KAH-dan-awH-wong
SIR-oh-tuhleh-VEEN
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First 5 minutes are key!
Late? Use back door.
Homework protocols to be announced later.
In the hallway on the first floor,directly across from 120 Olin Hall,the ChemE Business Office.
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4 weeks hence!6 weeks later!2 weeks later!
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NOT Canvas
Read “Frequently Asked Questions” and “Advice from EngrD 2190 Sophomores - Fall 2016” “Advice from EngrD 2190 Sophomores - Fall 2017” “Advice from EngrD 2190 Sophomores - Fall 2018” and “Advice from EngrD 2190 Sophomores - Fall 2019”
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Course Organization
Lectures MWF 9:05 - 9:55 a.m.
Material to complement the textbook. Example applicationsof the textbook concepts.
Calculation Sessions Wednesday 2:40 - 4:35 p.m.
Work exercises in ad hoc teams of four. Exercises are typicallydesign and will be similar to the current homework assignment.Solutions will be presented in class and posted at the course homepage.
Weekly Homework
Work exercises in assigned in teams of three.Submit one solution per team.
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If you donot submit
a questionnaire,you will workindependently
Due nextWednesdaySeptember 1
afterCalculation
Session
Potentialteammates
must submityour name.
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Updates postedat course homepage
Reading forMonday’slecture
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“I have had the privilege of being a Cornell graduate with a degree in engineering. I credit much to my career success to being an engineer by training. Engineers solve problems and fix things.”
“Chemical Engineers are just like regular people … only smarter.”