welcome to… nervous system central nervous system peripheral nervous system parasympathetic...
TRANSCRIPT
Welcome to…
Nervous Nervous SystemSystem
Central Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System
Parasympathetic
Somatic Nerves
Autonomic Nerves
Spinal Cord
BrainMotorSensory Sympathetic
HindbrainMidbrainForebrain
Cerebellum
Medulla Oblongata
Pons
Hypothalamus
ThalamusOlfactory
Lobes
Corpus Callosum
Cerebrum
The Four
Lobes…
Text, p.241
CNS & PNS
• CNS – coordinating centre for information coming in and going out (brain and spinal cord)
• PNS – carries information between organs of the body and the CNS
http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/complications_nerves/index.htm
First, the Peripheral Nervous System…
Somatic Nerves voluntaryvoluntary
• Control muscles that are connected to the skeleton and skin
• Sensory nerves – Relay information about the environment
• Motor nerves– Initiate an appropriate response
Think of a pin pricking your
finger…
Autonomic Nerves involuntaryinvoluntary
• Special nerves to control the internal organs of the body
• Sympathetic– “on” switch to prepare for stress
• Parasympathetic– “off” switch to return to normal resting levels
What do lie detector tests and erectile dysfunction have in common??
Nervous Nervous SystemSystem
Central Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System
Parasympathetic
Somatic Nerves
Autonomic Nerves
Spinal Cord
BrainMotorSensory Sympathetic
Text, p.241
And now, the Central Nervous System…
Spinal Cord
• Carries sensory nerve messages from receptors to the brain
• Relays motor nerve messages from the brain to muscles and glands
• Like the brain, it is made up of grey and white matter
http://www.accessexcellence.org/RC/AB/IWT/superman/cutawaycord.html
Nervous Nervous SystemSystem
Central Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System
Parasympathetic
Somatic Nerves
Autonomic Nerves
Spinal Cord
BrainMotorSensory Sympathetic
Text, p.241
THE BRAIN
http://www.simpsonstrivia.com.ar/wallpapers/homer-simpson-wallpaper-brain.htm
Oops! That’s better…
http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/hottopics/intelligence/
The Brain
• Meninges – protective membranes that surround the brain inside the skull– dura mater – outer membrane (“tough
mother”)– arachnoid mater – middle layer (spiderweb-
like)– pia mater – inner layer (“tender mother”)
p. 257
The Brain
• Major user of glucose (can’t use any other source of energy)
How does glucose enter the body???
So, how does this make you feel about the
“no-carb” craze??
Regions of the brain
• Forebrain– Contains olfactory lobes, cerebrum & corpus
callosum
• Midbrain– Less developed; four spheres of grey matter;
relay centre for some eye and ear reflexes
• Hindbrain– Behind midbrain, joins the spinal cord– Cerebellum, pons, medulla oblongata
http://web.lemoyne.edu/~hevern/psy340/lectures/psy340.04.2.ns.structure.html
Forebrain
• Olfactory lobes (2) – smell
• Cerebrum– 2 giant hemispheres; major coordination
centres of sensory info & motor reaction– Speech, reasoning, memory & personality
• Cerebral cortex– The surface of the cerebrum– Composed of grey matter with many fissures
Forebrain continued
• Corpus callosum– A bundle of nerves that connects the 2
hemispheres
• Hemispheres are divided into lobes– Frontal lobe– Temporal lobe– Parietal lobe– Occipital lobe
Lobes of the Cerebrum
http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/lobe.html
Page 260 in your text lists the functions of the lobesPage 260 in your text lists the functions of the lobes
Forebrain or Midbrain
• Thalamus– Below the cerebrum– Coordinates and interprets
sensory info
• Hypothalamus (below)– Connected to pituitary– Connects the nervous and
endocrinal systems
http://web.lemoyne.edu/~hevern/psy340/lectures/psy340.04.2.ns.structure.html
Nervous Nervous SystemSystem
Central Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System
Parasympathetic
Somatic Nerves
Autonomic Nerves
Spinal Cord
BrainMotorSensory Sympathetic
HindbrainMidbrainForebrain
Cerebellum
Medulla Oblongata
Pons
Hypothalamus
ThalamusOlfactory
Lobes
Corpus Callosum
Cerebrum
The Four
Lobes…
Text, p.241
Hindbrain
• Cerebellum– Controls limbs, balance,
muscle tone
• Pons (“bridge”)– Relay station between the 2 parts of the
cerebellum and between the cerebellum and the medulla
• Medulla Oblongata– Connector between spine and brain; regulates
involuntary muscles
http://web.lemoyne.edu/~hevern/psy340/lectures/psy340.04.2.ns.structure.html
Page 259 in the text
• Look at the differences in brains of different organisms
• Cerebellum – muscle tone, movements
• Forebrain – reason, intellect, memory, language, personality
• Medulla oblongata – autonomic nerve control
Sheep Brain…
…see you tomorrow!
http://www.gwc.maricopa.edu/class/bio201/brain/brshpx.htm