welcome to the miami/dade schools bullying & violence prevention committee coordinator training...
TRANSCRIPT
WELCOME To The Miami/Dade Schools
BULLYING & VIOLENCE PREVENTION
Committee Coordinator Training
Presented by: Judith Barnaskey and Jeanette Jofre
Creating a Safer ClimateCreating a Safer Climate
Cafeteria
Office
School Bus
HallwayEVERYWHERE!
Classroom
FACTS ABOUT BULLYINGFACTS ABOUT BULLYING 160,000 students miss school each day 160,000 students miss school each day
Slee, 1995Slee, 1995
10% of school dropouts 10% of school dropouts Center for Disease and Center for Disease and
PreventionPrevention
90% of victims suffer prolonged90% of victims suffer prolonged social and emotional problemssocial and emotional problems
Center for Disease and Center for Disease and PreventionPrevention
60% convicted of a crime by age 24 60% convicted of a crime by age 24
Olweus, 1993Olweus, 1993
99% of school shooters felt bullied99% of school shooters felt bullied
U.S. Department of JusticeU.S. Department of Justice
96% of bullying is uninterrupted by adults96% of bullying is uninterrupted by adults
Dohn & Canter, 2002Dohn & Canter, 2002
MORE FACTS . . .MORE FACTS . . . Students say the worst harassment in school is being Students say the worst harassment in school is being
called called ?? Heterosexual youth 5 times more likely to attempt Heterosexual youth 5 times more likely to attempt
suicide if they are harassed because someone suicide if they are harassed because someone thinksthinks they are gay.they are gay.
Gay Youth:Gay Youth: 33% of all teen suicides33% of all teen suicides 50% of all male youth suicides50% of all male youth suicides 42% of all homeless and/or throwaway youth42% of all homeless and/or throwaway youth
All Students:All Students: 97% report regularly hearing homophobic remarks from peers97% report regularly hearing homophobic remarks from peers 53% report hearing homophobic comments from school staff53% report hearing homophobic comments from school staff
GLSEN of FloridaGLSEN of Florida
Over 81% of youth reported Over 81% of youth reported that faculty or staff either that faculty or staff either never or rarely intervened never or rarely intervened
when homophobic remarks when homophobic remarks were made at school.were made at school.
Use of putdowns about sexual Use of putdowns about sexual orientation is so common that orientation is so common that many parents don’t even think many parents don’t even think about telling their children that about telling their children that
this is hurtful. this is hurtful. National Education Association, 2003National Education Association, 2003
More than 40% of bullied More than 40% of bullied boys (grades 6-10) carry a boys (grades 6-10) carry a
weapon to schoolweapon to school
National Institute of Child Health and Human DevelopmentNational Institute of Child Health and Human Development
How Bullying Effects a Child’s How Bullying Effects a Child’s Educational Environment!Educational Environment!
Interferes with learningInterferes with learning
Promotes a climate of fearPromotes a climate of fear
Promotes disrespectPromotes disrespect
Emphasizes a lack of caringEmphasizes a lack of caring
Gives students the impression there is a Gives students the impression there is a lack of control lack of control
National Education Association, National Education Association, 20032003
National Education Association National Education Association Today, 1999Today, 1999
Effects on Effects on OurOur Community? Community?
Increase in:Increase in:
ViolenceViolence Property damageProperty damage TheftTheft Drug & alcohol useDrug & alcohol use TruancyTruancy WeaponsWeapons
Nansel et al., 2003; Olweus, 1993Nansel et al., 2003; Olweus, 1993
IMPACT ON COMMUNITY cont.IMPACT ON COMMUNITY cont.
Anti-socialAnti-social
behaviorsbehaviors
continue in continue in adulthoodadulthood
Olweus, Olweus, 19931993
A student is being bullied A student is being bullied when he or she is exposed, when he or she is exposed, repeatedly and over time, repeatedly and over time, to negative actions on the to negative actions on the
part of one or more part of one or more students.students.
Dan Olweus
Bullying…
Bullying implies an Bullying implies an imbalanceimbalance of power or of power or
strength.strength.
The student who is bullied The student who is bullied has difficulty defending has difficulty defending
himself/herself.himself/herself.
““Rule of Thumb”Rule of Thumb”
It’s Bullying When:It’s Bullying When:
It’s repeated
It’s intentional harm doing
There’s an imbalance of power
Direct BullyingDirect Bullying
PhysicalPhysical
VerbalVerbal
Non-verbalNon-verbal
Hitting, kicking, Hitting, kicking, shoving, spitting…shoving, spitting…
Taunting, teasing, Taunting, teasing, racial slurs, verbal racial slurs, verbal sexual harassmentsexual harassment
Threatening, Threatening, obscene gesturesobscene gestures
Indirect BullyingIndirect Bullying Getting another Getting another
person to assault person to assault someonesomeone
Spreading rumorsSpreading rumors
Deliberate Deliberate exclusion from a exclusion from a group or activitygroup or activity
Relational Relational bullyingbullying
Cyber bullyingCyber bullying
PhysicalPhysical
VerbalVerbal
Non-verbalNon-verbal
Relational BullyingRelational Bullying
Targets relationships,and social status to cause harm to peers.
Combines direct &indirect bullyingstrategies.
Who Does Bullying Affect?Who Does Bullying Affect?
Those who are bulliedThose who are bullied Those who bullyThose who bully Those who witness bullyingThose who witness bullying
E v e r y o n e E v e r y o n e ::
Oprah
Effects on VictimsEffects on Victimsof Bullyingof Bullying
Lower self-esteemLower self-esteem IllnessIllness AbsenteeismAbsenteeism Depression & anxietyDepression & anxiety Thoughts of suicideThoughts of suicide
Limber, 2002; Olweus, Limber, 2002; Olweus, 19931993
““Passive Victims” Tend To...Passive Victims” Tend To...
Be quiet, cautious, Be quiet, cautious, and sensitiveand sensitive
Be insecure, have Be insecure, have little confidencelittle confidence
Be physically Be physically weaker than peers weaker than peers (boys)(boys)
““Passive Victims” Passive Victims” Often...Often...
Are afraid of getting hurt or Are afraid of getting hurt or hurting themselves.hurting themselves.
Find it easier to associate with Find it easier to associate with adults than their peers.adults than their peers.
Possible Warning Signs Possible Warning Signs of Being Bulliedof Being Bullied
Damaged belongingsDamaged belongings Unexplained signs of injuryUnexplained signs of injury Few or no friendsFew or no friends Afraid to go to schoolAfraid to go to school Changes route to schoolChanges route to school Loses interest in school Loses interest in school
workwork Appears sad or depressedAppears sad or depressed Frequently complains of Frequently complains of
physical ailmentsphysical ailments Trouble sleepingTrouble sleeping Loss of appetiteLoss of appetite Appears anxiousAppears anxious
The Bully/Victim or “Provocative The Bully/Victim or “Provocative Victim” Tends to Be...Victim” Tends to Be...
Hyperactive, restless, have Hyperactive, restless, have difficulty concentratingdifficulty concentrating
Hot-tempered, attempt to Hot-tempered, attempt to fight or answer back when fight or answer back when they feel attacked or they feel attacked or insultedinsulted
Clumsy and immatureClumsy and immature
The Bully/Victim or The Bully/Victim or “Provocative Victim”“Provocative Victim”
Has difficulty reading social Has difficulty reading social signals.signals.
Often is actively disliked by Often is actively disliked by adults, including their teacher.adults, including their teacher.
May have reading/writing May have reading/writing problems.problems.
May try to bully weaker students.May try to bully weaker students.
Effects on BystandersEffects on Bystanders
Feel afraidFeel afraid
Feel powerless Feel powerless to change to change thingsthings
Feel guiltyFeel guilty
Feel diminished Feel diminished empathy for empathy for victimsvictims
Children/Youth Who Bully Children/Youth Who Bully are more likely to . . .are more likely to . . .
Get into frequent fightsGet into frequent fights Be injured in a fightBe injured in a fight Vandalize propertyVandalize property Drink alcohol or use other drugsDrink alcohol or use other drugs SmokeSmoke Be truant from schoolBe truant from school Drop out of schoolDrop out of school Carry a weaponCarry a weapon Be involved in crime as adultsBe involved in crime as adults
Children Who Bully Tend To...Children Who Bully Tend To...
Show little compassion for Show little compassion for victimsvictims
Be aggressive to adultsBe aggressive to adults Be good at talking Be good at talking
themselves out of situations themselves out of situations Have more positive attitudes Have more positive attitudes
toward violence than peerstoward violence than peers
Children Who Bully Tend To...Children Who Bully Tend To...
Have good or average self-Have good or average self-esteemesteem
Not be anxious and Not be anxious and uncertainuncertain
Vary in popularity; Vary in popularity; popularity decreases in popularity decreases in higher gradeshigher grades
What Motivates What Motivates Children Who Bully?Children Who Bully?
Like to dominate others in a Like to dominate others in a negative waynegative way
Gain satisfaction from inflicting Gain satisfaction from inflicting injury and sufferinginjury and suffering
Receive “rewards” by bullying Receive “rewards” by bullying others (prestige, possessions)others (prestige, possessions)
96% of 96% of all bullyingall bullying goes uninterrupted goes uninterrupted
by adultsby adultsCenter for Disease Control and PreventionCenter for Disease Control and Prevention
Why Adults Why Adults Don’tDon’t Always Intervene:Always Intervene:
Difficulty recognizing Difficulty recognizing bullyingbullying
Failure to recognize the Failure to recognize the importance of interveningimportance of intervening
Uncertainty regarding Uncertainty regarding howhow best to intervenebest to intervene
Supervision?Diane Sawyer
Rough Play vs. BullyingRough Play vs. Bullying
Relationship among partiesRelationship among parties Facial expressions and general Facial expressions and general
atmosphereatmosphere Balance of powerBalance of power IntentionIntention
Real Fighting . . .Real Fighting . . . Usually not repeatedUsually not repeated Power relatively equalPower relatively equal
TeasingTeasing
Relationship
Balance of power
Intent
What Do We DoWhat Do We DoWhen We . . .When We . . .
. . . See, Hear or
Suspect
Bullying Behavior?
COURAGECOURAGE
1 . . . 1 . . . 22 . . . . . . 33 . . . 4 . . . 4
LEASTLEAST MOSTMOST (EASIEST)(EASIEST) (HARDEST)(HARDEST)
On-the-Spot InterventionsOn-the-Spot Interventions
Stop the bullyingStop the bullying Support the victimSupport the victim Name the bullying behaviorName the bullying behavior Refer to the school rulesRefer to the school rules Impose immediate consequences Impose immediate consequences
(as appropriate) as per discipline code(as appropriate) as per discipline code Empower the bystanderEmpower the bystander
Follow-Up InterventionsFollow-Up Interventions Report the incident, increase Report the incident, increase
vigilance, document, and vigilance, document, and communicate.communicate.
Identify staff person to talk with the Identify staff person to talk with the parties.parties.
Talk separately with the child who is Talk separately with the child who is bullied, and the children who bully.bullied, and the children who bully.
Begin by talking with the child who is Begin by talking with the child who is bullied, then with the children who bullied, then with the children who bully.bully.
Impose consequences for the children Impose consequences for the children who bully.who bully.
Talk with the students’ parents.Talk with the students’ parents. Follow-up with the parties later.Follow-up with the parties later.
Meetings with Meetings with Victims of BullyingVictims of Bullying
Try to put the child at easeTry to put the child at ease Collect information about Collect information about
the incidentthe incident Encourage the child to Encourage the child to
express his or her emotionsexpress his or her emotions Provide support & Provide support &
encouragementencouragement
Meetings with Meetings with Victims of Bullying (cont.)Victims of Bullying (cont.)
Discuss a safety plan-find out what the Discuss a safety plan-find out what the student needs to help them feel safe student needs to help them feel safe (include adults)(include adults)
Inform the child of your intended Inform the child of your intended actions with the bully/bulliesactions with the bully/bullies
Have the child agree to report future Have the child agree to report future bullyingbullying
Gauge the child’s distress and refer to Gauge the child’s distress and refer to a counselor if necessarya counselor if necessary
Plan a follow-up meetingPlan a follow-up meeting
Meetings with Meetings with Children Who BullyChildren Who Bully
Ask another adult to be present, Ask another adult to be present, if necessaryif necessary
Talk with the children who bully Talk with the children who bully separately, in rapid sequenceseparately, in rapid sequence
Begin with the “leader”Begin with the “leader”
Plan a follow-up meetingPlan a follow-up meeting
Misdirections in Bullying Misdirections in Bullying Prevention and InterventionPrevention and Intervention
Mediation/conflict resolution to resolve Mediation/conflict resolution to resolve bullying issues bullying issues
Zero tolerance policies for bullyingZero tolerance policies for bullying Group treatment for children who bullyGroup treatment for children who bully Self-esteem enhancement for Self-esteem enhancement for
children who bullychildren who bully Simple, short-term solutionsSimple, short-term solutions ““Program du jour approaches”Program du jour approaches”
Cyber BullyingCyber Bullying
Bullying in the Digital Bullying in the Digital AgeAge
Online Bullying
Cyber Bullying:“A public health concern.”
Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Cyber Bullying is when a child, preteen or teen is tormented, threatened, harassed,
humiliated, embarrassed or otherwise targeted by another child, preteen or
teen using the Internet, interactive and digital technologies or cell phones.
Once adults become involved it is called:
Cyber-harassment or cyber-stalking.
______Adults___________Children________Use the internet as a
tool
•Mapquest
•Research
•Banking
Use the internet as
a place to hangout
MySpace.com
Zanga.com
Friendster.com
Facebook.com
Juicycampus.com
Blackplanet.com
Hi5.com
Classmates.com
AutoAdmit.com
Net Lingo Quiz1. 1. A/S/L/P
2. BF
3. DHYB
4. EOD
5. EWI
6. F2F
7. IWSN
8. LOL
9. MMA
10. MOS
11. PIR
12. TTFN
Netlingo.comNetlingo.com
Facts and FiguresFacts and Figures
As of 2005, there were more than 300 As of 2005, there were more than 300 known social networking sites.known social networking sites.
wikipedia.orgwikipedia.org
One in five child Internet users has received One in five child Internet users has received unwanted sexual solicitations and only one unwanted sexual solicitations and only one in four has told his or her parents. in four has told his or her parents.
U.S. Department of JusticeU.S. Department of Justice
One in 17 children reported being One in 17 children reported being threatened or harassed while using the threatened or harassed while using the Internet.Internet.
U.S. Department of JusticeU.S. Department of Justice
Facts and Figures Facts and Figures continuedcontinued
94 percent of young people access the Internet from 94 percent of young people access the Internet from home.home.
Young Canadians in a Wired World research projectYoung Canadians in a Wired World research project
Millions of teenagers own their own blogs. Over half Millions of teenagers own their own blogs. Over half of all blogs are maintained by people ages 13-19of all blogs are maintained by people ages 13-19
Georgetown UniversityGeorgetown University
26 percent of teens say the surf the net 26 percent of teens say the surf the net unsupervised.unsupervised.
LA TimesLA Times
31 percent say their parents check their social 31 percent say their parents check their social networking sites.networking sites.
LA TimesLA Times
Facts and Figures Facts and Figures continuedcontinued
About 45,000,000 American children About 45,000,000 American children ages 10 to 17 are currently ages 10 to 17 are currently estimated to be online, spending estimated to be online, spending hours everyday at their computers. hours everyday at their computers.
At any given time, there are 3.4 At any given time, there are 3.4 million chat room users.million chat room users. Pew Internet ProjectPew Internet Project
How does cyber bullying differ from traditional bullying?
Cyber bullying can occur any time of the day or night.
Cyber bullying messages and images can be distributed quickly to a very wide audience.
Attacks are often anonymous.
Who Does the Cyberbullying?Who Does the Cyberbullying?
Of those who had been cyber bullied:Of those who had been cyber bullied:
-46% were bullied by another student -46% were bullied by another student at at
school.school.
-38% didn’t know who bullied them.-38% didn’t know who bullied them.
-34% were bullied by a friend.-34% were bullied by a friend.
-32% were bullied by a “stranger.”-32% were bullied by a “stranger.”
-16% were bullied by a sibling-16% were bullied by a sibling - Kowalski & Limber (2005)- Kowalski & Limber (2005)
Why Do Children Cyberbully?
On-line Social Norms “Everybody does it.”
“Life on-line is just a game.”
“It’s not me – it’s my online personality.”
“What happens online, stays online.”
“I have the free speech right to post anything I want regardless of the harm it might cause to another.”
You can be anonymous and You can be anonymous and notnot responsible for your actions responsible for your actions
The consequences seem removedThe consequences seem removed
When there is When there is nono visual or immediate verbal visual or immediate verbal feedbackfeedback
Disinhibition
Cyber-InvisibilityI can’t see you and you can’t see me.
Almost 60% of youth reported that they Almost 60% of youth reported that they have said things they normally would have said things they normally would
notnot say in real life when they were say in real life when they were chatting using instant messaging or chatting using instant messaging or participating in chat rooms and news participating in chat rooms and news
groups. groups. 2001 National Survey Secondary Schools2001 National Survey Secondary Schools
Media Awareness Network, 2001
Most Common Form of
Cyber Bullying Online
Instant Messaging53% of kids under 12 use IM’s
Why Children Don’t ReportWhy Children Don’t ReportCyber BullyingCyber Bullying
Emotionally traumatizedEmotionally traumatizedThink it’s their faultThink it’s their faultFear greater retributionFear greater retributionFear the use of their cell phone or Fear the use of their cell phone or computer willcomputer will
be restricted or taken awaybe restricted or taken away
Warning SignsWarning Signs
Signs of emotional upset-depression, Signs of emotional upset-depression, anger, fear, especially if upset after anger, fear, especially if upset after using the internet or a cell phoneusing the internet or a cell phone
Avoidance of friends, school or other Avoidance of friends, school or other activitiesactivities
Decline in grades or other Decline in grades or other performanceperformance
Cyber Bullying ResourcesCyber Bullying Resources
Ikeepsafe.orgIkeepsafe.org
Resources Resources continuedcontinued
• • www.cyberwise.ca • www.cyberbullying.ca • www.cybertip.ca • www.transl8it.com • www.safekids.com- on-line safety quiz • www.stopcyberbullying.com • www.wiredkids.org on-line quiz • www.bullying.org
Resources continued
Stopbullyingnow.hrsa.gov
cyberbully.org
netsmartz.org
wiredkids.org
isafe.org
mindohfoundation.org
Obstacles?Obstacles?
How do you get from buy in to a positive
change in school climate?
www.StopBullyingNow.hrsa.gov