what breed is best? -...

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CHOOSING A RABBIT

M. Fakhrul Ulum, DVM

http://mokhamadf10.student.ipb.ac.idDiv. Vet. Surgery & Radiology, FVM, IPB

What Breed is Best?

• ARBA (American Rabbit Breeders Association)• ARBA (American Rabbit Breeders Association)

• 45 rabbit breeds

• Wherever you end up finding your rabbit chances are it will be one of these breeds.

• 4 Purposes—meat pelt wool or fancy4 Purposes meat, pelt, wool, or fancy (show), but any of them can make a good pet.


Given that any breed of rabbit can make a good pet

• 2 factors:Th i f th bbit–The size of the rabbit • Larger rabbits: larger cages, more room to exercise, and more feed.

• Very large breeds: difficult to handle and may be prone sore feet.

• Wool breeds: daily grooming• Wool breeds: daily grooming.

• The smallest breeds: rather high strung.

–The amount of care it requireshttp://mokhamadf10.student.ipb.ac.idDiv. Vet. Surgery & Radiology, FVM, IPB

Smallest Rabbit Breeds(mature weight usually less than four pounds)

1. American Fuzzy Lop*2. Britannia Petite3 Dwarf Hotot

7. Lionhead*8. Mini Plush Lop9 Mini Rex3. Dwarf Hotot

4. Himalayan5. Holland Lop6. Jersey Wooly*

9. Mini Rex10.Mini Satin11.Netherland Dwarf12.Polish*




Small Rabbit Breeds(mature weight of bucks and does usually between four and seven pounds)

1. Dutch*2. English Angora

4. Havana*5. Mini Lop

7. Standard Chinchilla8. Tan*2. English Angora

3. Florida White5. Mini Lop6. Silver

8. Tan9. Velveteen Lop*


Medium Rabbit Breeds(mature weight usually between six and 101⁄ 2 pounds)

1. American Sable*2. Belgian Hare*3 Californian

6. Giant Angora7. Harlequin*8 Hotot

11. Rex12. Rhinelander13 Satin3. Californian

4. English Spot5. French Angora

8. Hotot9. Lilac10. Palomino*

13. Satin14. Satin Angora15. Silver Marten


Large Rabbit Breeds(mature weight usually nine to 12 pounds)

1. American 4. Champagne 7. English Lop2. American

Chinchilla3. Beveren*

D’Argent*5. Cinnamon6. Creme D’Argent

8. French Lop9. New Zealand10. Silver Fox*


Giant Rabbit Breeds(mature weight frequently above 12 pounds)

1. Checkered Giant 2. Flemish Giant 3. Giant Chinchilla




BEFORE BRINGING BUNNY HOME



Cages, Feed, and Supplies• Rabbit Cages• Litter BoxesLitter Boxes• Litter• Food and Water Dishes• Feed• Toys

l h b f• Telephone Number of a Rabbit‐Savvy Veterinarian

• Vinegarhttp://mokhamadf10.student.ipb.ac.idDiv. Vet. Surgery & Radiology, FVM, IPB

Rabbit feedbaby 3 weeks 4 weeks 7 weeks 3 mo

ASI Sayuran

Rumput Legum

7 mo 1 Yr 5 Yr 6 YrSayuran

Rumput legum

Pelet

Hay

Pelet Buah

Hay





Results of owner questionnaire: food preference of pet rabbits.

some rabbits would eat the entire mixture and a i it ld l tminority would select

the pellets.


The activity of the digestive system during excretion of hard and soft faeceshard and soft faeces

• Mucous encapsulated pellets of ‘caecotrophs’ are ingested from the anus and subsequently digested to supply ofdigested to supply of nutrients.

• This process is known as caecotrophy soft faeces

hard faeces


Rabbit‐Proofing

1. Electric cords2 C bi t d2. Cabinet doors3. Carpet4. Books5. Wallpaper6 Furniture6. Furniture7. Houseplants8. Cat and dog food






Reproduksi

• Dewasa : 4‐10 bln• Kawin : 6‐12 bln• Kawin stlh beranak : 1 mgg stlh anaknyadisapih

• Siklus birahi : 2 mgggg


• Menolak pejantan

Ciri Bunting ‐melahirkan

• Perut membesar simetris• Nafsu makan/minum bertambah• Kadang‐kadang prilaku agresif• Mengumpulkan jerami‐jerami/sobekan kertasjerami/sobekan kertas

• merontokkan bulu untukmembuat sarang


Perkembangan Bayi

Bayi Kelinci umur 1 hari Bayi kelinci umur 3 hari

Bayi kelinci umur 4 hari Bayi kelinci umur 12 hari




Health risks



Health risks from keeping rabbits• Cheyletiella parasitovorax

causes erythematous pruritic. Ringworm is occasionally encountered in pet rabbitsencountered in pet rabbits (Vangeel et al., 2000).

• Protozoal infections such as giardia (Johnson‐Delaney, 1996)

• Toxoplasma gondii only transmitted by eating undercooked rabbit meat.

• Encephalitozoon cuniculi has caused illness in humans but only immunocompromised individuals such as AIDS patients.


Health risks from keeping rabbits

• Salmonella or Bordetellabronchiseptica after contact with infected domestic rabbits (Gueirarddomestic rabbits (Gueirardet al., 1995).

• Obscure zoonoticinfections occur in wild rabbits such as tularaemia(Gill and Cunha, 1997),

• Plague (Yersinia pestis) (Cleri et al., 1997),

• Listeriosis (Broderson and Gluckstein, 1994)


Vaccination in Rabbit





Vaccination

Myxomatosis vaccination• a common disease in wild rabbits • caused by the myxoma virus• caused by the myxoma virus• Uruguay 1896• insect vectors (Spilopsylluscuniculi)

• Those rabbits that are kept in gardens visited by wild rabbits are most at risk.

• available in the UK (NobivacMyxo, Intervet).


Vaccination

Viral haemorrhagic disease• a highly infectious lethal disease of rabbits.

• a host‐specific calicivirus.• VHD virus is spread by oral, nasal and parenteraltransmission and is present in urine and faeces from infected rabbits.t itt d di tl f• transmitted directly from contact with wild rabbits.

• available in the UK (Cylap, Fort Dodge).


Dental disease



Metabolic bone disease

• Fowler (1986) as ‘a disease caused by dietary and husbandry mismanagementand husbandry mismanagement characterised by metabolic defects affecting the morphology and functioning of bones. The clinical, radiographic and pathological manifestations vary with the age of the animal, species of the animal, degree ofanimal, species of the animal, degree of deficiency, duration of the deficiency and presence of concurrent diseases’.




Grading the progression of acquired dental disease in rabbits

• Grade 1: Normal11

• Grade 2: Root elongation and deterioration in tooth quality

• Grade 3: Acquired malocclusion

22

44• Grade 4: Cessation of tooth growth

44


Grading the progression of acquired dental disease in rabbits

• Grade 5: Endstage dental5a5a Grade 5: Endstage dental disease– Grade 5a: Osteomyelitis and abscess formation

– Grade 5b: Calcification of the teeth and surrounding

5b5bthe teeth and surrounding bone


Progression of acquired dental diseaseA. A hemi‐mandible and

cheek teeth (Grade 1)

B. The initial stages of acquired dental disease

C. Early dental disease (Grade 2)

D. Acquired malocclusions (Grade 3)

E. Advanced dental disease (Grade 5)

F. Developed an abscess on the cheek (Grade 5)


Skin Disease





Physiology

Moulting

• a seasonal pattern .

• 2 complete coat changes per year.

• various stages of growth throughout the body.

• starts on the head and works down the neck and back with the stomach being the last area to shed the coat. the last area to shed the coat.

• Environmental stimuli, hormones and nutrition affect the moulting process.


Alopecia

• Physiological.– Regrowth is usually rapid with areas g y pof dense new hair appearing within 7–10 days.

• Poor nutrition.• Traumatized, e.g. by injection reactions or fight wounds.

• Repetitive trauma and contact d titi t t ith fl idermatitis contact with flooring, especially the hocks the skin is thickened, inflamed, hyperaemicand pruritic.


Ulcerative pododermatitis• A rabbit was found in a dumpster in appalling

diticondition. • Its foot pads exhibited severe dermatitis due to poor hygiene and contact with feces and urine.

• Deep tissues and tendons phad been affected, and the prognosis was very poor.


Parasitic Skin Disease

Sarcoptic Mange• For rabbits, it is more

difficult to clip its coat.difficult to clip its coat.

• The problem was caused by skin mites.

• The rabbit's crustedskin will drop off from the face, ears and paws and recovery should beand recovery should be seen around 30 days after the veterinary injection.




Parasitic Skin Disease

Psoroptic Mange• Rabbit ear mites (Psoroptes cuniculi

species).species).

• in layman's terms, as rabbit ear canker

• severe crusting and thick scale build‐up on the inside of the ear flap.

• This mite‐induced ear crust causes the rabbit's ear to become intensely itchy, such that the rabbit often developssuch that the rabbit often develops secondary sores and scabs and infections of the ear as a result of the animal's scratching and self‐trauma activities.


References

• Harcourt‐Brown, Frances. 2002. Textbook of rabbit medicine 1st ed London: Reed Educational andmedicine. 1st ed. London: Reed Educational and Professional Publishing Ltd.

• Moore LC. 2005. House Rabbit Primer‐Understanding and Caring for Your Companion Rabbit. USA: Santa Monica Press LLC.

• Sharp JM Doss SD Vanderford DA 2010 Exotic• Sharp JM, Doss SD, Vanderford DA. 2010. Exotic Small Mammal Care and Husbandry. 1st ed. USA: A John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Publication.


what breed is best? -...

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