what do you know about cells? q: how many cells are in the human body?
TRANSCRIPT
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What do you know about cells?
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What do you know about cells?Q: How many cells are in the human
body?
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What do you know about cells?Q: How many cells are in the human
body?A: About 100 trillion
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What do you know about cells?Q: How many cells are in the human
body?A: About 100 trillion
Q: How many different types of cell are there in the human body?
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What do you know about cells?Q: How many cells are in the human
body?A: About 100 trillion
Q: How many different types of cell are there in the human body?
A: About 210
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What do you know about cells?Q: How many of your cells die each
minute?
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What do you know about cells?Q: How many of your cells die each
minute?A: About 300 million
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What do you know about cells?Q: How many of your cells die each
minute?A: About 300 million
Q: What are the largest and smallest cells in the human body?
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What do you know about cells?Q: How many of your cells die each
minute?A: About 300 million
Q: What are the largest and smallest cells in the human body?
A: The largest is the female egg (oocyte), the smallest is the male sperm. (it take about
175 000 to weigh as much as one egg)
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What do cells need to do?
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What do cells need to do? Intake and store nutrients Grow Respond to stimuli Exchange gases Remove waste material Reproduce
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What do cells need to do? Intake and store nutrients Grow Respond to stimuli Exchange gases Remove waste material ReproduceEach cell must do all these things to
survive. We wouldn’t survive if they didn’t
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Cell Theory
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Cell Theory
Term “cell” was coined in 1665 by Robert Hooke when he looked at a slice of dried cork.
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Cell Theory
Term “cell” was coined in 1665 by Robert Hooke when he looked at a slice of dried cork. He also observed that:
1. All living things are comprised of cells.2. Cells are the smallest “living” unit in an
organisms.3. Cells come from previously existing cells
This is called the Cell Theory
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Cell Diversity
Lots of shapes and sizes
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Typical Cell
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Cell Organization
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Cell Organization
The cell includes two basic parts:
1. Cell Membrane (outer covering of cell)
2. Cytoplasm Cytosol (fluid portion of the
cytoplasm) Organelles (cell “organs” or
functional parts)
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Cell Membrane
Outer boundary of cell Comprised of two layers of lipid (fat) Regulates what goes in and out of
cell Proteins give the cell its unique
“personality” or function
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Cell Membrane
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Cytoplasm
Is comprised of:
1. Cytosol (fluid portion of the
cytoplasm)
2. Organelles (cell “organs” or
functional parts)
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Organelles
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Organelles
1. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) A network of membrane-bound
tunnels throughout the cytoplasm
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ER
Rough ER
Smooth ER
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Ribosomes
Particles attached to ER are ribosomes.
Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis within every cell.
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Golgi Apparatus
Flattened membranes Involved in packaging and secretion
of proteins
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Golgi Apparatus
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Mitochondria
Bean shaped organelle where cellular respiration takes place.
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Mitochondria
Bean shaped organelle where cellular respiration takes place.
Glucose + Oxygen > CO2 + Water + Energy
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Nucleus
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Nucleus
Control center of cell Contains DNA/chromosomes Genetic repository for ~ 35,000
genes Genes control the synthesis of
proteins in each cell. Red blood cells don’t have a nucleus. Skeletal muscle cells have multiple
nuclei.
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Vacuole
Storage areas in cells Really big in plant cells, much
smaller in animal cells Usually called “vesicles” in animal
cells
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Vacuole – plant cell
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Vacuole – animal cell
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Plant and Animal Cells
Organelles found in both plant and animal cells.
Cell membrane Cytoplasm Nucleus Vacuole E.R. Golgi bodies
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Plant and Animal Cells
Organelles found in both plant and animal cells.
Centioles Mitochondrion Ribosomes Nucleolus
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Plant cells ONLY
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Plant cells ONLY
Chloroplast – where photosynthesis takes place.
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Plant cells ONLY
Chloroplast – where photosynthesis takes place.
CO2 + water + sunlight > glucose + O2
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Plant cells ONLY
Chloroplast – where photosynthesis takes place.
CO2 + water + sunlight > glucose + O2
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Plant cells ONLY
Cell Wall – The structure that surrounds the cell membrane. It protects the cell and maintains shape
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Plant cells ONLY
Cell Wall – The structure that surrounds the cell membrane. It protects the cell and maintains shape
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The End