what is the best indicator of work performed in agriculture? iacs-4 beijing 22-24 october 2007 pál...
TRANSCRIPT
What is the Best Indicator of Work Performed in Agriculture?
IACS-4Beijing
22-24 October 2007
Pál Bóday - Éva Laczka
Outline
• World’s agriculture
• Hungarian agriculture
• Needs for labour statistics
• Differences in methodologies
• A few data
• Conclusions
Agriculture
• Producer of food, provider of employment, source of foreign trade…..
• 3-4 percent in total value added
• 2 percent increase annually
– in some region prime engine of growth
• Agricultural population
– 40 percent of total population
• Economically active agricultural population
– 21 percent of total population
A few data on the Hungarian Agriculture
• 3-4 percent in the GDP
• 2-3 percent in export
• 1-2 percent in import
• 2-3 percent in investments
Types of holdings
Number of agricultural enterprises Number of private holdings
Crop farmingLivestock farmingMixed
0
200
400
600
800
1 000
1 200
2000 2003 2005
(thousands)
01 000
2 0003 0004 000
5 0006 0007 000
8 0009 000
2000 2003 2005
(number)
Main characteristics of private holdings
Number of private holdings by type of farming
0
100 000
200 000
300 000
400 000
Crop farming Livestockfarming
Mixed farming
for family consumption surplus is sold for market
Why do we need information on agricultural work?
• Basis of the measurement of structural and employment effects of the CAP
• Employment is important component of development in rural areas
• Useful tool for policy makers, researchers, holders, for national and international comparisons
Differences in methodologies
• Definition of agricultural activities
• Agricultural population
• Farm concept
• Item coverage
• Survey coverage
Agricultural labour force
• FAO: all persons economically active in agriculture
• Population census / LFS: all household member who’s main occupation is agriculture
• Farm Structure Survey: all persons having reached school leaving age and carried out work on the holding
Farm Concept
• FAO: setting the threshold to the lowest possible level is suggested
• EU FSS: Member States must fix the threshold at the level excluding only the smallest units which together contribute 1 percent or less to the total SGM
Thresholds in Hungary
Denomination1972 1981 1991 1994 2000
year of the census
Total productive land area, hectare
0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15
Orchard, vineyard, garden, hectare
0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08
Cattle, heads 1 1 1 1 1
Pigs, heads 1 1 1 1 1
Horses, heads 1 1 1 1 1
Sheep, heads 1 1 1 1 1
Poultry, heads 50 50 50 50 50
Bee hives, pcs 20 20 25 25 5
Rabbit, heads 20 20 25 25 25
Other small animals, heads – – 25 25 25
Annual Working Unit
Equivalent to full time employment
• Agricultural labour statistics: 1 AWU=1 800 hours
• Labour Force Statistics: 1 AWU=1 900 hours
• FADN: 1 AWU=2200 hours
Item coverage
• Population census: number of person and days worked in agriculture by age and sex
• LFS: employed in agriculture defined by the main activity of the employer; individual businesses or private farms; hours worked during reference week; full-time, part-time work; other gainful activity
• Institutional labour Statistics: number of full-time, part-time and other employees; average gross / net earnings
• FSS: status of the household members (holder, spouse, other member); sex; age; days worked; economic activity; training and other gainful activity. For employees in full-time/part-time breakdown; sex and days worked
Coverage of different data collectionsEnterprises Private holdings
Employees (other than agricultural) of enterprises in ISIC/NACE 01 under 5 employees
Agricultural employees of enterprises in ISIC/NACE 01 under 5 employees
Full-time, part-time employees (as main occupation) of private holdings
Farm-members producing for marketingEmployees (other
than agricultural) of enterprises in ISIC/NACE 01 over 4 employees
Agricultural employees of enterprises in ISIC/NACE 01 over 4 employees
Employees of enterprises other than ISIC/NACE 01 having agricultural activity
Part-time employees (non main occupation) of the private holding
Farm-members producing only for own consumption
Institutional labour statistics
Labour Force Survey
Farm Structure Survey
A few data
Institutional labour statistics
Labour Force Survey
Agricultural labour input statistics
employees employed agricultural labour
full-time part-time salaried non salaried
thousand persons
thousand persons thousand
persons thousand
AWU thousand persons
thousand AWU
90,8 7,5 194,0 139,5 89,5 1 338,9 392,6
Conclusions
• different needs require different approaches
• objective of survey determine use of data
• FSS covers all of agricultural labour