The Challenges of Integrating Renewable and Distributed Energy Resources –

what we can learn from smart grid research and demonstrations

Lisa Dignard-Bailey, Program Director

Natural Resources Canada

Outline

§  Introduction § Federal research CanmetENERGY §  Integration of renewable energy in

distribution networks in Canada § Research and demonstration § Summary

Source: www.Canwea.ca

Solar Photovoltaic reached 196MW in 2010

Cumulative PV Capacity installed in Canada from 1992 - 2009

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

1992

1994

1996

1998

2000

2002

2004

2006

2008

Year

Cum

ulat

ive

PV C

apac

ity (M

W)

Centralized (MW)Grid-connected (MW)Off-grid (MW)

A wide ranging effort have been initiated by the provinces targeting renewable energy development

§  Ontario Green Energy and Green Economy Act, 2009 – Wind, biomenergy, solar, hydro focus on job creation

§  Québec released its Energy Strategy in 2006. Jointly with its Plan Nord objectives, more than 7 500 MW of hydroelectric power and 4 300 MW of wind power will be implemented before 2035

§  Northern territories (Yukon, NWT, Nunavut): Ø  Creating a Brighter Future Ø  Reducing dependence on diesel

power in remote communities Ø  Geothermal, Solar, Wind

§  British Columbia -Clean energy Act, 2010

§  Alberta – Bioenergy, wind energy and transmission

§  Manitoba wind-hydro generation and synchrophasor

§  New Brunswick power shift project – wind integration

§  Nova Scotia Renewable Electricity Plan - Wind and Tidal

§  Newfoundland Labrador Hydro power and transmission

§  Prince Edward Island wind energy strategy

§  Saskatchewan, wind

CanmetENERGY: Who are we?

§  Goal: To ensure that Canada is at the leading edge of clean energy technologies to reduce air and greenhouse gas emissions and improve the health of Canadians.

§  Research and development arm of department of Natural Resources Canada

§  Over 450 scientists, engineers, and technicians spread over three research centres (Ottawa, Devon, and Varennes).

Research Program Objective:

To support national S&T efforts that will contribute to the

modernization of the electricity grid network, enhance the

benefits of renewable and clean distributed energy

resources, increase diversity and reliability of supply, and

facilitate recovery after disruptions.

Study Electricity System Planning and Operation with Variable Generation Mix

Real time Energy

Management

Customer Load

Variable Sources

Current value

Forecast kW Electricity

kW Heat +

Current value

Forecast

Dispatchable Sources

Fast acting Controls

Optimal operation

Electricity Market

$

Step Into

DG Protection and Safety Study Group

New Brunswick (CYMDIST model)

Distribution Systems Research Study for Multiple Generation – protection & coordination : §  Goal is to have national interconnection standards across the country as opposed to each province or utility

having unique requirements which would drive costs up and discourage adoption of alternate energy technologies.

§  Planning to report findings with conclusions and recommendations for application of smart grid technologies

Ontario (MATLAB&SIMULINK

equivalent model)

British Columbia (CYMDIST model)

Research Plan to Study High Penetration Photovoltaic Power (2010-2015)

www.iea-pvps.org

Research Highlight

Source: Dave Turcotte Canadian overhead residential feeder Benchmark

X 9 X 9 X 9 X 9

X 9 X 9 X 9

A

C

X 9 X 9 X 9

X 9 X 9 X 9

X 9

X 9

X 9 X 9 X 9

X 9 X 9 X 9

X 9

X 9

B

20 m

20 m

20 m

20 m

20 m

20 m

20 m

20 m

20 m

2 km

20 m

20 m

20 m

Substation

250 m 250 m 250 m 250 m

1 km

1 km

A B

C

1 km

0 AWG ASC

336

kcm

il A

SC

20 m

3 MVA PF 0.90

3 MVA PF 0.90

2 MVA PF 0.95

2 MVA PF 0.95

2 MVA PF 0.95

Sub-Network A

0 AWG ASC

1/0 AWG, Aluminum, XLPE

4/0 AWG, Aluminum, XLPE

75 kVA14.4 kV/120 V/240 V

94 MVA120 kV/25 kV

60 MVA PF 0.95

3 MVA PF 0.9 3 MVA PF 0.92 MVA PF 0.9

2 MVA PF 0.9

2 MVA PF 0.9

216 PV Houses

PSCAD model

§  Special study to address impact of high PV penetration on voltage profiles in Residential Neighbourhoods Ø  A model using PSCAD/EMTDC has been developed for

a Canadian overhead residential benchmark. Ø  Addresses key question raised by utilities

“Rural  electricity  coopera.ve”  -­‐  saving  remain  in  the  community  Ø AMI  for  66  residences  and  18  buildings  Hartley  Bay,  BC  -­‐  first  smart  grid  of  its  kind  in  North  America.  Ø   2010-­‐11  -­‐  Research  on  demand  responsive  load  and  validate  op.mal  smart  grid  opera.on.  Ø   Knowledge  base  will  improve  our    understanding  of  cost-­‐benefit  of  advanced  metering  infrastructure  Ø Target  fuel  cost  reduc.on:  $50,000-­‐100,000  per  year.  

Band Office

Resident

Research Highlight Smart Remote Microgrid

Source: Pulse Energy

International research cooperation

§  Publicly available R&D results

§  To share lesson learned from Strategic Research Programs in North America, Europe and Asia

www.4thintegrationconference.com

14

Smart Grid Applications

Real-time Simulation and Contingency Analysis

Distributed Generation and Renewable Energy Sources

Self-Healing Wide-Area Protection and Islanding

Asset Management and On-Line Equipment Monitoring

Demand Response and Dynamic Pricing

Participation in Energy Markets

Source: Electric Power Research Institute – EPRI IntelliGrid

Smart Grid Redefines Industry Boundaries

Building industry (Automation Systems, Lighting, HVAC)

Electrical power industry (Generators, Transformers, Wires)

Telecommunication industry (Router, Fiber, Internet, Phone)

Manufacturers (Electronic, Appliance, Car)

Smart Grid products &

services

Source: David Beauvais

Clean Energy Fund Demonstration Project Zone de réseau interactif, Hydro-Québec

-­‐ Demonstra+on  of  DMS/VVO,  AMI,  PHEV  charging,  distributed  genera+on  integra+on  

Updates:  -­‐  The  Volt-­‐VAR  program  (CATVAR)  is    deployed  and  opera+onal  in  the  Smart  Grid  Zone.  More  have  been  added  outside  of  the  Smart  Grid  Zone.    -­‐ 3000  of  the  planned  5800  AMI  meters  have  been  installed.    -­‐ 35  of  50  planned  Electric  Vehicle  (EV)  charging  sta+ons  planned  for  2011  have  been  installed  and  are  opera+onal.  -­‐ 25  special  equipped  EVs  are  on  the  road  with  on-­‐board  data  acquisi+on  to  track  data  such  as  usage  parameters  and  charging  requirements.  

-­‐ Project  update  :  hYp://bit.ly/qdn4K4  

Hydro-Québec Smart Zone

Source : EPRI EPRI Smart Grid Demonstration Update (August 15th 2011)

Clean Energy Fund Demonstration Project Golden & Field Project, BC Hydro

Golden  &  Field  –  Two  1  MW  baYery  storage  systems  –  To  support  substa+on  and  transmission  constraints  (2  MW  with  DR)  –  Peaking  support  and  islanding  support  for  remote  community  (500  kW)    Updates  :    -­‐  BaYery  RFP  •  Spec  based  on  func+onal  requirements:  Peak  shaving  &  Islanding  •    NAS  baYeries  (NGK)  selected  •  Integrator  RFP  :  S&C  Electric  company  §   Commission  planned  spring  2012  

Press  release  &  video  :  hYp://bit.ly/qJRj9h  

Source : Jaime Peralta & Helen Whittaker, BC Hydro

Clean Energy Fund Demonstration Project Power Measurement Ltd (Schneider) The  Project  will  demonstrate  what  is  called  an  Energy  Management  Business  Intelligence  Plaeorm  (EMBIP)  system  § GHG  monitoring  § Peak  shaving    § Voluntary  load  curtailment      3  sites:      § Suncor  Tower  (Calgary)    § Brookfield  Place  (Toronto)  § Bri+sh  Columbia  Ins+tute  of  Technology  (BCIT)  campus      Updates  :    § Consump+on  Repor+ng  and  Load  Factor  U+liza+on  soiware  demonstra+ons  at  the  Suncor  Towers  and  BCIT  Campus  sites.  § When  fully  implemented,  the  total  GHG  emissions  calcula+ons  will  be  available  to  tenants  and  building  operators  

Source : Schneider, BCIT Campus showing locations on the campus map of the current meters

Clean Energy fund Project Powershift Atlantic, Maritimes

Development  of  a  Virtual  Power  Plant  Ancillary  Service  :  Load  following  variable  genera+on    Project  Objec+ves  :  1.    Evaluate  if  load  control  is  a  cost  effec+ve  and  reliable  ancillary  service  to  dispatch  net  requirements.  2.    Evaluate  load  control  performance  in  response  to  measured  and  forecasted  wind  power.  3.    Evaluate  the  customers’  role  and  their  acceptance  of  u+lity  control  for  the  purposes  of  renewable  energy  integra+on.    

Updates  :    -­‐   Posi+ve  feedback  from  popula+on  -­‐   Tests  with  Tantalus  (Sharkfin  technology)  -­‐   Tests  with  Sequentrix  -­‐   VPP  provider  to  be  known  end  of  2011    Web  site  :    www.powershiiatlan+c.com  

Source : PowerShift Atlantic, Michel Losier

Collaboration Site - EPRI Smart Grid Resource Center www.smartgrid.epri.com

Menu Use Case Repository

Calendar

Smart Grid Demo

Related Links

News

Newsletters

National & International Collaboration

Ø   Ontario  Smart  Grid  Forum  Ø   Interna.onal  Smart  Grid  Ac.on  Network  (ISGAN)    

Ø  IEA  Smart  Grid  Roadmap  (Published  in  2011)  

Ø  Grid  Integra.on  of  Variable  Renewable  (GIVAR)    Studies  +  Tool  for  flexibility  assessment  

Ø   Major  Economies  Forum  Technology  Ac.on  Plan  

Ø   Clean  Energy  Dialogue  (Canada-­‐US)  

Ø  Standards  Task  Force  

International Smart Grid Action Plan www.iea-isgan.org

•  “Global Smart Grid Inventory” of smart grid-enabling programs and policies 1

•  Case Studies using a common framework and metrics 2

•  Benefit/Cost Methodologies (bottom-up & top-down) and related Policy Toolkits to assess smart grid investments 3

•  Synthesis for High-level Decision Makers (e.g., CEM Ministers ) of insights from ISGAN and related projects

4

Smart Grid Technology and Standards Task Force

Transmission & Distribution

Consumer

Security & Privacy

Ontario Smart Home Roadmap

Ontario Smart Home Roadmap - Independent System Operator, “Modernizing Ontario’s Electricity System: Next Steps - Second Report of the Ontario Smart Grid Forum”, May 2011

Smart Microgrid Research Network (Funding from NSERC: 2010-2015)

http://www.smart-microgrid.ca/

•  Brings together researchers in the telecommunication and power system field to develop innovative solutions for

smart grid applications and microgrids.

Smart Grid/Microgrid Research Effort

Renewable Generation

Demand Response

Conventional/���Traditional Grids

Smart Microgrid

Smart Microgrid

Smart Microgrid

Smart ���Zone

Smart ���Zone

Smart Grid

Applications ���remote, ���grid connected, renewables, etc.

Smart Microgrid Network – Theme 1

§  Operation, Control, and Protection of Intelligent Microgrids Ø  Control, Operation, and Renewables

for Remote Microgrids (Univ. of Toronto)

Ø  Distributed Control, Hybrid Control, and Power Management (Univ. of Toronto)

Ø  Status Monitoring, Disturbance Detection, Diagnostics, and Protection (Univ. of Alberta)

Ø  Operational Strategies and Storage Technologies to Address Barrier for Very High Penetration of DG Units (McGill)

Smart Microgrids Network – Theme 2

§  Intelligent Microgrid Planning, Optimization and Regulatory Issues Ø  Cost-benefits Framework - Secondary Benefits

and Ancillary Services (McGill)

Ø  Energy and Supply Security Considerations (Univ. of Toronto)

Ø  Demand Response Technologies and Strategies - Energy Management and Metering (Univ. of Waterloo)

Ø  Integration Design Guidelines and Performance Metrics - Study Cases (Univ. of Manitoba)

Smart Microgrid Network – Theme 3

§  Intelligent Microgrid Communication and Information Technologies Ø  Universal Communication Infrastructure

(UBC)

Ø  Grid Integration Requirements, Standards, Codes and Regulatory Considerations (McGill)

Ø  Distribution Automation Communications: Sensors, Condition Monitoring and Fault Detection (Univ. of New Brunswick)

Ø  Integrated Data Management and Portals (BCIT)

Summary

§  Support the establishment of a reliable and efficient electricity distribution infrastructure able to integrate renewable and distributed energy resources;

§  Support and influence the development and harmonization of standards;

§  Establish a consortium of leading industry/utility research centers, national laboratories, and universities and increase the pool of specialists that this industry needs to bring their products and services to the market place;

§  Facilitate the market acceptance of renewable energy that will contribute to meeting Canada's policy goals.

1615, Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec, Canada

http://canmetenergy.nrcan.gc.ca

CanmetENERGY

ecoENERGY Innovation Initiative

§  The ecoENERGY Innovation Initiative (ecoEII) is a new program that received $97 million in funding in Budget 2011, the Next Phase of Canada’s Economic Action Plan

§  Research and development (R&D) and demonstration projects on energy technology innovation

§  Up to 50 % funding from the federal government.

§  Call for Letters of Interest