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The history of transportation in the United States is the spatialization of white supremacy to speak of transportation is to speak of race. From the original transportation policy ofthe Middle Passage to separate ut e!ual" to the white flight" of su ur anization# thecondition of possi ility for the freedom and mo ility associated with transportation is thesu $ugation of raced odies.%renman &' [Marc, executive director of the Washington State Human Rights Commission and was formerly senior policy advisor for civilrights at the U S !epartment of "ransportation, "ransportation #ne$uality in the United States% & Historical 'verview, Human Rights Maga(ine )ol

*+ o *, http%--www american.ar org-pu.lications-human/rights/maga(ine/home-human/rights/vol*+/0112 html3"hree ma4or 5inds of infrastructure in the United States contri.ute to the separation of races% housing, education, and transportation

&frican &mericans have made progress in the United States, .ut only from actual shac5les on slave ships to the economic shac5les of high gasoline prices, predatorylending, foreclosure, poor inner city schools, continuing 4o. discrimination, and regressive taxes

(i)il Society is founded upon a Master*Sla)e relationship that e+ploits and alienates the%lack %ody. Modernity is deri)ed from the middle passage# creating an ontologicalcondition of lackness that is systematically e+posed to gratuitous )iolence,ilderson - / 67ran5 8 , 9rofessor of !rama : UC #rvine; ;??; S@A

The polemic animating this research stems from (1) my reading of Native and Black American metacommentaries on Indian and Black subject positions ritten over the past t enty!three years and ( ) a sense of ho much that ork appears out of joint ith intellectual protocols and political ethics hichunder rite political pra"is and socially engaged popular cinema in this epoch of multiculturalism and globali#ation$

The oman at the gates of %olumbia &niversity a aits an ans er$

The affirmati)e0s call for institutional action is ased out of the 1rammar of the Settlerthat upholds current antagonisms of anti2 lackness. The modernity of 3merica is definedy )iolence to sla)e# and theft of the sa)age0s land. Their call to action forecloses thepossi ility of ethical analysis and crowds out !uestions of %lack and 4ed suffering.

,ilderson - / 67ran5 8 , 9rofessor of !rama : UC #rvine;

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The alternati)e is to re$ect the affirmati)e as an act of urning down the structure ofhierarchy that produces )iolence against the sla)e. Freedom is an illusion created y theshackles of ci)il society# and a andoning the pursuit for e!uality is the only way to reakdown the way that whiteness maintains itself.Farley 0 5 6&nthony 9aul, 9rofessor of Eaw : 8oston College, ?, %ritical 0esistance/ Beyond the 6rison Industrial %omple", a national conference and strategy!session, reposed the @uestion of the relations bet een hite supremacy and state violence$

The language in hich e articulate our analyses doesn3t seem to allo for alternatives in practice$ ven those ho take seriously the second possibility(violence as a rule) find that the language of alternatives and the terms of relevance are constantly dragged into the political discourse they seek tooppose, namely, that the system orks and is capable of reform$

http://lawdigitalcommons.bc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1028&context=lsfp%20-http://www.ocf.berkeley.edu/~marto/avantguard.htm//MGDhttp://lawdigitalcommons.bc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1028&context=lsfp%20-http://www.ocf.berkeley.edu/~marto/avantguard.htm//MGD