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Who is Chris Wahl?• VMware Certified Design Expert (VCDX) #104▫ Data Center and Network Virtualization
• Tech, Lab, Certs, Reviews, Videos▫ WahlNetwork.com
• CCNA Data Center & vCloud Courses▫ Pluralsight.com
• Virtualization User Podcast as a Service▫ VUPaaS.com
Networking for VMware AdministratorsPaperback, Kindle, eBook, EPUB, MOBI, PDF100% of my profits go to Alzheimer’s Association
vSphere Switching ChoicesAdding racing stripes makes frames go faster
Different Choices• Standard vSwitch• Distributed vSwitch• 3rd Party Virtual Switches▫ Cisco Nexus 1000v▫ IBM 5000v
• Bender Bending Rodríguez
Who’s Using the Distributed vSwitch?
Control Plane Differences
Control Plane
ESXi Host
Control Plane
ESXi Host
Control Plane
ESXi Host
Control Plane (vCenter)
dvsdata.db dvsdata.db dvsdata.db
Local VDS Database Backup
Data Plane Differences
ESXi Host ESXi Host ESXi Host
Data Path Data Path Data Path
Control Plane
Data Network
Virtual Switching Tips
Trunk 802.1Q Tags
(VLANs)
Minimum 2 Uplinks (vmnics)
Descriptive Naming
Networking JargonThe Layer 8 Problem
Trunks, Trunks, or Trunks?
Vendor Confusion• Link Aggregation Terms▫ HP’s Port Trunking▫ Avaya’s Multi-Link Trunking (many flavors)▫ Huawei’s Eth-Trunk▫ AIX Ethernet Trunking▫ Generic “NIC Trunking”
VLAN ID Tagging
NoVLAN ID
NoVLAN ID
Virtual Switch
Physical Switch
Virtual Machine (VM)
ExternalSwitchTagging
Access PortRemoves Tags
VirtualSwitchTagging
vSwitch Adds / Removes
VLAN ID Tags
VLANID
VLANID Virtual
GuestTagging
Guest Responsible for VLAN Tags
Example vSwitch Design
VLAN Tagging Tips• Trunk Your Interfaces• Avoid VLAN 1• Black Hole Native VLANs
Switching, Routing, and TablesOh, my!
Forwarding Walk
vSwitches Can’t Form Loops
Routing Choices
10.10.10.10 /24 20.20.20.20 /24 30.30.30.30 /24
vmk0 vmk1 vmk2
Routing Table
Data Network
10.10.10.50?20.20.20.50?40.40.40.50?
vMotion and MAC Learning
ESXi Host ESXi Host ESXi Host
VMMAC“A”
Physical Switch
E1/1MAC“A”
E1/2MAC“A”
The Notify Switch RARP Frame
Troubleshooting Tips
esxcli network ip route ipv4 list
esxcli network ip neighbor list
esxcfg-route -l
IP Storage NetworksWhat could possibly go wrong?
Building an IP Storage Network
IP Storage Port GroupActive / Active Uplinks
vmnic1 vmnic2
IP Storage Network30.30.30.0 /24
vmk130.30.30.50 /24
Building an IP Storage Network
IP Storage Port GroupActive / Active Uplinks
vmnic1 vmnic2
IP Storage Network30.30.30.0 /24
vmk130.30.30.50 /24
Building an IP Storage Network
IP Storage Port GroupActive / Active Uplinks
vmnic1 vmnic2
IP Storage Network30.30.30.0 /24
vmk130.30.30.50 /24
Hash Algorithm• Source and Destination Variation▫ MAC Address (Layer 2)▫ IP Address (Layer 3)▫ Port (Layer 4)▫ VLAN ID
Hash Results• Changes?▫ IP Address▫ MAC Address▫ Port Number▫ VLAN ID
• Nope▫ Same hash results
vmnic1 vmnic2
Storage Target30.30.30.60 /24
vmk130.30.30.50 /24
Least Significant Bit (Not Magic)2 Uplinks
– Last bit
– 0,1
3 to 4 Uplinks
– Last 2 bits
– 00, 01, 10, 11
5 to 8 Uplinks
– Last 3 bits
– 000,001,010,etc
IP Storage Tips• Dedicated VMK(s)• Dedicated VLAN(s)• Avoid Routing• iSCSI VMK Binding
Fibre Channel SAN• Unique VSAN IDs per Fabric• Don’t use VSAN 1• Single Initiator Zoning▫ Edge SAN: Multiple Target▫ Core-Edge SAN: Single Target
• Don’t use Multiple Initiator Zoning▫ Never!▫ Registered State Change Notifications (RSCN)
The End?
Let’s connect
@ChrisWahlWahlNetwork.comPluralsight.comYouTube.com/WahlNetwork