United States Department of AgricultureNational Agricultural Statistics Service

American Indian Farm and Ranch Data

2012 Census of Agriculture Statistics

Prepared for Intertribal Agriculture Council

May 2014

Ginger Harris and Michelle RadiceNational Agricultural Statistics Service

Who Is NASS?• Agency in U.S. Department of Agriculture with data

collection responsibilities.

• Provides official statistics for production, inventory, value, demographics

● 120 crops annually● 45 livestock annually● Publishes more than 400 reports annually

• Conducts 5-year agricultural census

What Is An Ag Census?• A complete count, taken every five years, of America’s

farms and ranches.

• The most complete ag data resource available, providing the only source for comprehensive information for every county in the United States.

• Includes information on land use, production practices, income & expenses and other topics.

How Do You Get Counted?

Farm Definition

Any place from which $1,000 of agricultural products were produced and sold, or normally would have been sold, during the census year. Government payments are included.

20122007200219971992198719820

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

3,000,000

2,109,3632,204,792

2,128,9822,215,8762,180,655

2,337,393

2,484,452

Number of Farms, 1982 to 2012

2.1 million farms & ranches in 2012

6

1982 1987 1992 1997 2002 2007 20120

100,000,000

200,000,000

300,000,000

400,000,000

500,000,000

600,000,000

700,000,000

800,000,000

900,000,000

1,000,000,000 986,796,579964,470,625

945,531,506 954,752,502 938,279,056 922,095,840 914,603,026

Land in Farms, 1982 to 2012

2012 American Indian Farms/Ranches

U.S.

2012 2007

Total American Indian Principal Operators (race as American Indian only)

37,851 34,706

American Indian only Operators (up to three operators identified as American Indian only)

58,475 55,889

Total American Indian Operators (up to three operators)

72,196 79,703

8

Spanish, Hispanic or Latino origin*

American Indian or Alaska Native

Asian

Black or African American

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander

0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000

Farms by Race and Ethnic Origin of Principal Operator, 2007 and 2012

2012 Census

2007 Census

Number of farms * Indicates significant change

Under 25 years

25 to 34 years

35 to 44 years

45 to 54 years

55 to 64 years

65 to 74 years

75 years and over

0 5,000 10,000 15,000

2012 Census2007 Census

Number of farms

Age

Average age: 58.1

Farming

Other

Less than 10 years

10 years or more*

Occ

upati

onYe

ars o

n Pr

esen

t Far

m

0 10,000 20,000 30,000

Number of farms

American Indian Principal Operators, Selected Characteristics, 2007 and 2012

* Indicates significant change

2012 American Indian Farms/RanchesU.S.

2012 2007

Total Farms/Ranches with Indian operators (farms)

56,092 61,472

Acres operated 57.2 million 58.1 millionAverage acres per operation 1,020 946

American Indian or Alaska Native Operators

All Farms

Market Value of Products Sold

$3.3 billion (2007 = $3.2 billion)

$395 billion(2007 = $297 billion)

Crop Sales $1.4 billion $212 billion Livestock Sales $1.8 billion $182 billion Average Per Farm $59,398 $187,097

2012 American Indian and Alaska NativeFarms and Ranches

Total Value of Production

2007 Sales of Top Commodities on American Indian Farms and Ranches

2012 Sales of Top Commodities on American Indian Farms and Ranches

Cattle and Calves

Grains, oilseeds, dry beans, and dry peas

Poultry and eggs

Fruits, tree nuts, and berries

Milk

Other Crops and hay

Vegetables, melons, potatoes and sweet potatoes

Nursery, greenhouse, floriculture, and sod

0 100,000 200,000 300,000 400,000 500,000 600,000 700,000 800,000 900,000 1,000,000

Top Commodities(Millions of dollars sold)

Farms Acres

Forage 18,882 1.5 million

Wheat for grain, all 1,557 600,386

Corn for grain 1,968 412,425

Soybeans for beans 1,613 305,062

Cotton, all 206 116,366

2007 Top Crop Items, Ranked by Acres, On American Indian Farms and Ranches

Farms Acres

Forage 15,514 1.2 million

Winter wheat for grain 1,141 371,074

Corn for grain 1,968 305,398

Soybeans for beans 1,613 257,909

Spring wheat for grain 206 148,393

2012 Top Crop Items, Ranked by Acres, On American Indian Farms and Ranches

2007 Top Livestock Items (Ranked by Numbers in Inventory)

Farms Inventory

Broilers and other meat-type chickens

857 33 million

Layers 5,828 2.8 millionCattle and calves 31,235 1.8 millionPullets for laying flock replacement

938 1.2 million

Turkeys 742 1.2 million

2012 Top Livestock Items (Ranked by Numbers in Inventory)

Farms Inventory

Broilers and other meat-type chickens

1,179 23 million

Cattle and calves 27,566 1.6 millionLayers 6,809 1.2 millionCattle and calves 31,235 1.8 millionPullets for laying flock replacement

1,491 0.7 million

Turkeys 882 0.3 million

Sales of Crops and Livestock by Commodity Groups on American Indian Operations, 2007

Grains and oilseeds

Tobacco

Cotton

Vegetables

Fruits, tree nuts, and berries

Nursery and greenhouse

Cut Christmas trees

Other crops and hay

Poultry and eggs

Cattle and calves

Milk

Hogs and pigs

Sheep and goats

Horses

Aquaculture

Other animals

0.00% 5.00% 10.00% 15.00% 20.00% 25.00% 30.00% 35.00% 40.00%

% of Sales

% of Farms

19

Cattle and Calves

Poultry and eggs

Milk

Vegetables, melons, potatoes and sweet potatoes

Cotton

Horses, Ponies, and Mules

Sheep, goats, wool, mohair, milk

Tobacco

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%

Sales of Crops and Livestock by Commodity Group on American Indian Operations, 2012

% of sales % of farms

All Farms vs American Indian Principal Operated Farms by Value of Sales, 2012

American Indian All farms

# of farms % of total

# of farms % of total

Less than $2,500

21,200(2007=19,371) 56%

665,311(2007=770,592) 32%

$2,500 to $49,999

13,583(2007=12,653) 36%

913,454(2007=938,917) 43%

$50,000 or more

3,068(2007=2,682) 8%

530,538(2007=495,283) 25%

21

Less than $1,000

$1,000 to $2,499

$2,500 to $4,999

$5,000 to $9,999

$10,000 to $49,999

$50,000 to $99,999

$100,000 to $249,999

$250,000 to $499,999

$500,000 or more

0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000

2007 American Indian Farms and Ranches by Value of Sales Groups

22

Less than $1,000

$1,000 to $2,499

$2,500 to $4,999

$5,000 to $9,999

$10,000 to $49,999

$50,000 to $99,999

$100,000 to $249,999

$250,000 to $499,999

$500,000 or more

0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000

2012 American Indian Farms and Ranches by Value of Sales Groups

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%

1 to 9 acres

10 to 49 acres

50 to 179 acres

180 to 499 acres

500 acres or more

2007 Percent of US and American Indian Percent of Farms by Size in Acres

American Indian 2007

All Farms 2007

24

1 to 9 acres

10 to 49 acres

50 to 179 acres

180 to 499 acres

500 acres or more

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%

2012 US and American Indian Percent of Farms by Size in Acres

All Farms 2012 American Indian 2012

American Indian or Alaska Native Operators

Market Value of Products Sold $3.242 billion Government Payments Received $90 million

Total Production Expenses $3.161 billion

Net Cash Farm Income $371 millionAverage Net Cash Income per Farm $6,623

2012 American Indian Farms and Ranches Balance Sheet(xx – data available in September 2014)

American Indian or Alaska Native Operators

Market Value of Products Sold $3.2 billion Government Payments Received $90 million

Total Production Expenses $2.9 billion

Net Cash Farm Income $513 millionAverage Net Cash Income per Farm $8,351

2007 American Indian Farms and Ranches Balance Sheet

Top States - All U.S. Farms, 2012

# of Farms1. Texas 2. Missouri3. Iowa4. Oklahoma5. Kentucky

Value of Production1. California2. Texas3. Iowa4. Nebraska5. Kansas

Top States – American Indian Farms and Ranches, 2012

# of Farms1. Oklahoma2. Arizona3. New Mexico4. Texas5. California 6. Montana

Value of Production1. Oklahoma2. California3. Texas4. South Dakota5. New Mexico6. North Carolina

29

Map – 2012 American Indian Farmers

www.agcensus.usda.gov