wind turbine lightning protection
DESCRIPTION
Presentation of protecting wind turbines from lightning and over-voltages as presented at the ISA Power Industry Division (POWID) / EPRI Conference in 2010.TRANSCRIPT
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53rd ISA Power Industry Division Symposium20th Annual Joint ISA POWID/EPRI
Controls & Instrumentation Conference7-10 June, 2010, Summerlin, Nevada 1
Mike Nager, Phoenix Contact
LIGHTING PROTECTION FOR WIND TURBINES – FINAL PRESENTATION
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Who are Industry Leaders in Wind?
…
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Lightning Locations in USA
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Wind Turbine Locations in USA
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Lightning Strikes meet Wind Turbines
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Lightning Strikes meet Wind Turbines
Fire at a wind turbine near Paderborn /Germany. Total loss 1.5 million Euro
Source: GDV
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Lightning Strikes meet Wind Turbines
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Principle of Over-Voltage Suppression
A
B
S2 S3
S1
A
B
S2 S3
S1
A
B
S2 S3
S1
TT 0570 D 12.02.09
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Surge Suppression Components
Speed
Energy
Suppressor Diode Metal Oxide Varistor Gas Tube Spark Gap
TT 1669 D 10.03.09
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Standard Waveforms
10/350 µs (IEC 62305-1)
8/20 µs (IEC 60060-1)
810 20 t
µs
iî
1,0
0,5
0,0
0 100 200 300 350
TT 0168 D 16.02.09
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Lightning Protection Zones according to IEC 62305-1
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
C.Wagener
LPZ 0B
LPZ 1 or
LPZ 0B
LPZ 2
LPZ 2
LPZ 2
LPZ 0A
LPZ 0ALPZ 1
LPZ 0A
LPZ 0B
LPZ 0A
LPZ 0A
LPZ 0A
Lightning protection zones
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Positioning of air-termination systems
receptor plate
air-termination rod
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Lightning current distribution paths
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Surge protection inside the nacelle
SPD for signals: (Anemometer,
communication to the hub)
Generator
SPDfor 230/400V
control power supply
SPDfor stator windings and
rotor windings
SPD for the obstruction lighting
SPD for the controller,powersupply 230V or 24V,
bus interface
SPDfor rotor blade shifting
M
M
6
Gear box
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Zone protection requirements Selection and installation in acc. to IEC 61400-24
CLASS II
CLASS I/II
HV/MV MOV arrester
CLASS II
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Class 1 arrester
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Challenges caused by rotating equipment
Lightning protection systeme.g. coal brushes or spark gaps
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Down tower panels (LVDP, MCP)
RDY
BSA
FAIL
PF
RUN
FAILINLINE CONTROL
ILC 370 ETH 2TX-IBOrd. No. 2876999
RESETRUN/PROG
PRG
10/100
LINK
ACT100
ULUSUM
I4I2I3
I1I8I6I7
I5I12I10I11
I9Q4Q2Q3
Q1 E
LINK
ACT
100
10/100R
CBARDTA
REMOTE
IN
OUT
FU
I > I > I >
3
690V/400V-
230V 3L,N
Bus interfacesignalling
power supply
Generator(stator)
400/230V
Generator(rotor)
3L,N
I > I > I >
MODEM
RDY
BSA
FAIL
PF
RUN
FAILINLINE CONTROL
ILC 370 ETH 2TX-IBOrd. No. 2876999
RESETRUN/PROG
PRG
10/100
LINK
ACT100
ULUSUM
I4I2I3
I1I8I6I7
I5I12I10I11
I9Q4Q2Q3
Q1 E
LINK
ACT
100
10/100R
CBARDTA
REMOTE
IN
OUT
RDY
BSA
FAIL
PF
RUN
FAILINLINE CONTROL
ILC 370 ETH 2TX-IBOrd. No. 2876999
RESETRUN/PROG
PRG
10/100
LINK
ACT100
ULUSUM
I4I2I3
I1I8I6I7
I5I12I10I11
I9Q4Q2Q3
Q1 E
LINK
ACT
100
10/100R
CBARDTA
REMOTE
IN
OUT
QUINT POWER
RDY
BSA
FAIL
PF
RUN
FAILINLINE CONTROL
ILC 370 ETH 2TX-IBOrd. No. 2876999
RESETRUN/PROG
PRG
10/100
LINK
ACT
100
ULUSUM
I4I2I3
I1I8I6I7
I5I12I10I11
I9Q4Q2Q3
Q1 E
LINK
ACT
100
10/100R
CBARDTA
REMOTE
IN
OUT
LNK/ACT
100
X3
LNK/ACT
100
X1
LNK/ACT
100
X5
LNK/ACT
100
X7
LNK/ACT
100
X6
LNK/ACT
100
X4
LNK/ACT
100
X2
US1
US2
FL SWITCH SF 7 TX/FXOrd. No.2832577T
DRD
LNK/ACT
100
X8
S1S2S3S4
CP 312
S5S6
ABC
SYS
S8
S7
S9S
10S11S12S13S14S16
S15
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
MOV VALVETRAB ™Arc Gap FLASHTRAB™
Protection inside LVDP
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Protection inside LVDP and MCP
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Switch cabinet for FAA lights
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Other Standards of Interest
IEC 61024 Protection of Structures against Lightning
IEC 61312 Protection against lightning electromagnetic impulse
IEC 61643 Surge protective devices connected to low-voltage power distribution systems
IEC 61662 Assessment of the risk of damage due to lightning
NREL(National Renewable Energy Laboratory)
Wind Turbine Lightning Protection Project 1999-2001
UL 1449 Third Ed.
Requirements for Surge Protection Devices
NFPA 780(National Fire Protection Association)
Standard for the Installation of Lightning Protection Systems