wireless in edu

8/7/2019 wireless in edu

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Wireless In Education

Mark CiampaWestern Kentucky University


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Wireless Is Changing

Travel Boeing Installing wireless networks on

airplanes for passenger use during flights

70+ US Airports Provide wireless Internetaccess in lounge & waiting areas

Marriott, Four Seasons, Wyndham Hotels,

Motel 6 Provide lobby, check in, meetingroom, public area access

Trains Montreal to Toronto route


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Work Business conference rooms - Access to data

during meetings gives 100+ minutes daily

Radio Frequency ID Transponders used asbarcode alternatives

Video Pill Wireless camera in capsule for

endoscopy used at268 US hospitals

e-Suds Students check for empty washer,add softener, receive e-mail when finished


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Recreation Starbucks, Borders, McDonalds, Schlotzkys

Wireless networks for customers

3Com Stadium Access statistics, viewinstant replays, order concessions

Golf US Open Walking scorers submitted

immediate results KOA Provides wireless access

Linksys Stream pictures & MP3 to TV/stereo


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Public Hotspots2002 2003

Retail 11,109 50,287

Hotels2,27

411,687Other 1,369 9,105

TOTAL 14,752 71,079


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2007 155M units sold annually (2002-22.5M,

2003-41.3M) with revenue $700M

98% all notebooks wireless (2003-42%)

31M frequent and 35M infrequenthotspot users with revenue $9B

25,000 hotels wireless access


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Wireless Is Changing All

Sectors Finance Receive stock quotes realtime

Health Care Hospitals comply2006FDA regulation drug dispersal

Manufacturing Forklifts send & receivedata (saved 1 plant $1M annually)

Retail Radio Frequency ID

Transportation Communicate drivers


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Wireless Is Changing All

Sectors Logistics FedEx handles 3.5M

packages daily, wireless handhelds save

10 seconds each stop Government Police send and receive

data to patrol cars

Military Send repair information Construction Supervisors see number

workers on project, instant costing


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Campuses Massachusetts Task Force Wireless

technology on all campuses

Wake Forest Wireless adapterincluded in tuition

Michigan Wireless on all high schoolcampuses

University of Tennessee Wirelesscampus (1,500 access points)


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Education Changing when and where

students access data Changing how students learn

Changing how teach students in

wireless setting Changing what teach students


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Wireless In EducationDefine wireless

Explain how it worksTypes of wireless

networksHow impacts education


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Outcome Statements List2 wireless technologies

Explain what an access pointdoes

List3 basic wireless securitytools

Tell how wireless impacts

higher education


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What Wireless Is andHow It Works


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WirelessGenerically used of any

device without wiresMore precisely 2-way data

transmission without wires


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Wireless Devices

Pocket PC Running Windows CE Handheld PC Running Windows CE Notebook Running Windows XP

High agility/mobility factorHigh agility/mobility factor

Lowest student per deviceLowest student per devicecost ratiocost ratio

Stronger ApplicationStronger Application

Development opportunityDevelopment opportunity

than Palm OSthan Palm OS

Simple document creationSimple document creation

High agility/mobility factorHigh agility/mobility factor

Lower student per device costLower student per device costratioratio

Improved form factor forImproved form factor for

student usestudent use

Maximized integrationMaximized integration

requires MS infrastructurerequires MS infrastructure

Complete 1:1 computingComplete 1:1 computing

solutionsolution

Anytime/Anywhere LearningAnytime/Anywhere Learning

Full document creation toolFull document creation tool

Opportunity for greatestOpportunity for greatest

impact on learningimpact on learning

Highest 1:1 cost ratioHighest 1:1 cost ratio


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Wireless TechnologiesInfrared (IR)

Radio frequency (RF)


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Infrared (IR)Uses infrared light (similar

characteristics visible light)Objects can obstructtransmission

Limited distance

Line of sight transmission


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Line of Sight


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Radio Frequency (RF) Uses radio waves (similar to

commercial radio) Unlicensed spectrum

Radio waves travel long

distances with less obstruction Provides true mobility


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Radio Waves


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Types of WirelessNetworks


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Scope


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WirelessPersonal Area Networks


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Wireless

Personal Area Networks1-to-1 or small group

transmissionsLimited distance


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IrDA Wireless data connection usinginfrared light

Found on notebook computers,printers, digital cameras, PDAs

Functions like serial port

Range 3 feet

Bandwidth 115 Kbps - 16 Mbps


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IrDA Limitations Limited range

Must align devices Objects can obstruct

transmission

Moderate speed Only between 2 devices


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Bluetooth Uses RF instead of IR

Radio transceivers built intomicroprocessor

Automatically creates piconet whendevices come in range each other

Range 30 feet

Bandwidth 1 Mbps


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Radio Frequency ID (RFID) Unpowered microchips transmit

data using RFActive, semi-passive, or passive

Read-only or read-write

Wal-Mart, McCarran Airport, USDept Defense, Michelin


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RFID Size


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WirelessWide Area Networks


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Wide Area Network Fixed baseband wireless last

mile connection alternative toDSL, cable modem or ISDN

Fixed broadband wireless long

distance connection alternativeto T1 or fiber optic connection


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Wide Area Network

ExamplesDigital Cellular Telephony

Free Space Optics Local/Multichannel Multipoint

Distribution ServiceWiMax (802.16)


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WirelessLocal Area Networks


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Wireless LANs Same function of standard LAN

but without wires Based on IEEE standards

Also called Wi-Fi

Range 150-375 feet Bandwidth 11-108 Mbps


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Components of WLANWireless NIC

Access Point (AP)

Integrated software

support in Windows XP &Windows Mobile 2003


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WLAN ModesPeer-to-peer/Ad hoc

Infrastructure


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Peer-to-PeerCreates private network

No connection to othernetworks

Only requires wireless NIC


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InfrastructureCreates public network

Connects to othernetworks

Requires wireless NIC andAP


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Infrastructure


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Wireless LAN CellsCreate cells of coverage

similar to cellulartelephones

Cells overlap to provideautomatic roaming


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Wireless LAN Cells


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IEEE WLAN Standards802.11 (1997) 2 Mbps

802.11b (1999) 11 Mbps

802.11a (2001) 54 Mbps

802.11g (2003) 24 Mbps


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802.11b 11 Mbps

DSSS 3 non-overlapping channels

2.4 GHzRange 375 feet


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802.11a 54 Mbps (108 Mbps proprietary)

OFDM 8 non-overlapping channels

5GHz

Range 150 feet


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802.11g 22 Mbps (54 Mbps proprietary)

OFDM 3 non-overlapping channels

2.4GHz

Range 200 feet


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Comparison 802.11b Wider area but

slower speed 802.11a Faster speed butsmaller area

802.11g Good balance ofarea and speed


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Recent Developments Dual band AP and wireless NICs

Wireless access port dumb APconnected to wireless switch

Wireless bridge makes any devicewith standard NIC wireless (Xbox)

Device hop through other WLANdevices to reach AP


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Recent Developments Intel Centrino - Pentium-M

mobile processor with802.11b miniPCI wirelessNIC

VoIP on WLAN


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Home Wireless Connect all home computer equipment

without cables

Share broadband Internet connection

Combination AP, router, networkaddress translation and firewall

Microsoft selling hardware

2003 Cisco purchased Linksys $500M


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WLAN Security


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Unique ChallengesUnauthorized users intercept

signal and use networkHackers view transmitted

dataEmployees install rogueaccess points


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Security LevelsBasic Security

Intermediate Security

Advanced Security


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Basic SecurityActive scanning SSID

MAC address filtering

WEP encryption &authentication


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AssociationAssociation Establishes link between

wireless devices and AP

Based on Service Set Identifier (SSID) network name all devices use

SSID serves as network password

SSID can be sent by AP or manuallyinstalled on each wireless device


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Active Scanning SSID manually installed on each

wireless device in advance Device sends SSID to AP

Heres the SSID, let me in!


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Passive ScanningAP freely sends SSID to all

devices Device listens for SSID

Will you give me the SSID to

join this wireless network?


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Active Scanning SSIDAP should be set for active

scanningDefault on most systems ispassive scanning

BUT: May limit roaming


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MAC Address Filter MAC address of each authorized

device is manually entered into AP

Also called Access Control List

Only devices on AP list are

permitted association BUT: MAC address can be spoofed


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WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP)

Data encrypted with up to 4 shared

keys Provides both encryption and

authentication

BUT: Flaws in WEP and can bebroken by sniffing packets


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Intermediate SecurityDeploy outside firewall

Use virtual private network(VPN) solution

Wi-Fi Protected Access

(WPA) software &firmware upgrade


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WPA EncryptionTemporal Key Integrity

Protocol (TKIP) 2 keys

Per-packet basis


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WPA Access Control Uses 802.1x

Port-based authentication Traffic blocked until client

authenticated by back-end

server Optional Pre-Sharked Key (PSK)


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Advanced Security 802.11i New IEEE security

standardUses advanced AES blockcipher encryption

Due released early 2004


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Wireless TechnologyIn Education

Wi l T h l i


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Wireless Technology in

EducationKindergarten 12

Higher education

Libraries

Curriculum


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K-12

Uses Computers-on-wheels (COWs)

Extend network with minimal costs Use with outdoor projects

Administrators in hallways

determine where student should be Bus drivers record who boarded


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K-12

Pedagogy Used to deliver curriculum in classroom

Better supports constructing knowledge

from experience, interpretation, structuredinteractions with peers and teachers

Teachers direct students in project-orientedactivities vs. lecturing (Individualized active

learning)

Helps students apply critical thinking skills


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K-12

Pedagogy K-12 learning proceeds most

rapidly when learners havefrequent opportunitiesto applyideasthey are learning andwhen feedback onsuccess orfailure of anidea comes almostimmediately


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Higher Education Uses Provide access outside computer lab:

classroom, dining hall, quad, dorms

Create coverage where wiringprohibited because building design,asbestos, portable classrooms

Mobile VoIP telephones in classrooms


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Higher Education Uses Create wireless networked labs in

regular classrooms

Make temporary networked classroom Faculty can bring in own notebook

computer and instantly be connected

Reduces number of open accesscomputer labs

Planet3 & CompTIA WLAN certifications


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Higher Education Uses Make latest research data

immediately available duringexperiments for comparison

Increase student computer use

across disciplines


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Higher Education Pedagogy Used to extend class time

Allows studying to take placeoutside traditional learning areas

Students communicate andresearch topics outside class while

devoting class time to discussionand analysis


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Wireless In EducationWhen each student got their

own pencil, teaching changed.When each student got theirown book, teaching changed.When each studenthas awireless notebook, teaching willchange again!


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Library Uses Provide access in the stacks:

perform catalog search withoutreturning to catalog computer

Determine status of a book

Used with RFID for inventory


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Curriculum Ubiquity of wireless requires part of

curriculum

Student interest based on 25%homes with computers havemultiple computers and networks

Need instruction on wirelessdeployment and security


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Curriculum Several schools now adding

Wireless Networking course ortrack

Some schools adding wireless

coverage to traditionalnetworking course


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Outcome Statements List2 wireless technologies

Explain what an access pointdoes

List3 basic wireless security

tools

Tell how wireless impacts

higher education


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Wireless In Education

Mark CiampaWestern Kentucky University

[email protected]

wireless in edu

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