work package descriptions

1SILVESTRO IT Session Alpha – Block 5 – Question 5.29

Barcelona 12-15 May 2003

ELECTRICAL ENERGY DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS: ACTUAL SITUATION AND

PERSPECTIVES FOR DISTRIBUTED GENERATION

Alessandro BERTANI CESI – Milano, I

Claudio BOSSI CESI – Milano, I

Bruno DELFINO University of Genoa, I

Norbert LEWALD Stadtwerke Karlsruhe, D

Stefano MASSUCCO University of Genoa, I

Elmar METTEN MVV Energie AG, D

Tim MEYER Fraunhofer ISE, D

Federico SILVESTRO University of Genoa, I

Irena WASIAK Technical University of Lodz, PL



DISPOWER:Distributed Generation with high penetration

of renewable energy sources project n° NNE5-2001-00075



Work package descriptions• WP 1: Grid stability and control • WP 2: Power quality and safety • WP 3: Socio-economic issues• WP 4: Planning, training and operation tools for regional supply systems• WP 5: Information, communication and electricity trading• WP 6: Test facilities for grid stability and control• WP 7: Implementation of RE technology for regional supply systems • WP 8: Test facilities for power quality in DG grids• WP 9: Operation and quality management tools in low voltage grids• WP 10: Pilot installations and monitoring of distributed power generators in low

voltage grids

• WP 11:Overall assessment of DG in local power supply systems



Work Package 1 & 2

• Work Package 1 (Grid stability and control) is intended to develop equipment and system models capable of ensuring effective and economical operation of electrical networks with high penetration of distributed renewable energy sources.

• Work Package 2 (Power quality and safety) will identify new standard requirements for grid connection of decentralized power generators with particular attention to islanding operation problems and the development of innovative protection methodologies and systems.



Work Package 3 & 4 & 5

• Work Package 3 (Socio-economic issues) is oriented to evaluate the influence of new communication technologies and distributed networks on the development of supply, consumption and distribution of electricity.

• Work Package 4 (Planning, training and operational tools for regional supply systems) aims at adapting existing tools for planning, design, operation of distributed generation systems.

• Work Package 5 (Information, communication and electricity trading) will develop an internet-based information network for fast and secure data exchange and management.



Work Package 6 & 7

• Work Package 6 (Test facilities for stability and control) The new concepts developed in the previous work packages need to be tested in the partners’ laboratories. Test sites will include distributed generators and communication facilities.

• Work Package 7 (Implementation of renewable energy technology for regional supply systems) will elaborate scenarios of long term perspectives for distributed generation in Europe. Both interconnected grids and weak and/or isolated networks will be considered.



Work Package 8 & 9

• Work Package 8 (Test facilities for power quality in DG grids) will realize a flexible low voltage grid structure. The scope is to evaluate different scenarios for the implementation of distributed energy sources and energy storage devices. A test facility with over 200 kW of installed power is already under development at CESI (Milano, Italy).

• Work Package 9 (Operation and quality management tools in low voltage grids) will develop a “Power Operation and Power Quality management system” which will be used to control energy flows and power quality in low voltage grids with concepts allowing for use of low cost equipment.



Work Package 10 & 11

• Work Package 10 (Pilot installations and monitoring of distributed power generators in low voltage grids) Experimental sites will be realized for the testing of distributed generators at low voltage level. Actually installed pilot sites are expected to be used at MVV (Dannenberg, Germany), at Iberdrola (San Agustin del Guadalix, Spain), at Stadtwerke (Karlsruhe, Germany).

• Work Package 11 (Overall assessment of DG in local supply systems) will coordinate the presentation and dissemination of results through publications and workshops.



Power Quality Operation and Management system:POMS

• PoMS is a communication infrastructure and optimisation tool for low voltage grids which is expected to perform power quality monitoring and control and to optimize grid operation through distributed generation control and demand side load management

• A PoMS system implementation consists of a central PoMS unit and a communication infrastructure, which connects DG and measurement units to PoMS.



Power Quality Operation and Management system:POMS

PV

CHP Storage

PV

BiomassCHP FC

Turbine/Generator

HeatElectricity

Industry

Central powerstations

Transport

Distribution

PoMS

• collect information about topology situation and power quality

• provide local strategies for power quality and security improvement;

• generates schedules for economically (cost) and technically (power quality) optimised operation of controllable generators and loads;



National Grid Structures

• Within the first activities of WP 2 and WP 9 in DISPOWER, an overview of different network structures (Italy, Spain, UK, Germany, Poland) and a preliminary classification has been performed.

• The aim is to find solutions and concepts that can be applied easily to a certain class of systems.

• Thus, a detailed description of the Low Voltage grids has been started by collecting the following information/ parameters.



National Grid Structure



Operating criteria



Equipment and automation



Load types and characteristics



LV network classification

LV network classification

Structure

Operation

Radial Link

Ring Meshable

Radial

Meshed

Area type rural

urban

Network type (%)

overhead

underground

Radial operation Ring operation Link operation Meshed operation

1 transformers X X 2 transformers X X X =>3 transformers X X X X



Possible networks for the DISPOWER goals: 7Main classes Subclass Subclass Description Classification

dundergrounoverhead

overhead

> 50 % Radial 1 Rural

dundergrounoverhead

overhead

<= 50 % Not common Not classified

dundergrounoverhead

overhead

> 50 % Not common Not classified

Radial

urban

dundergrounoverhead

overhead

<= 50 % Radial 2

dundergrounoverhead

overhead

> 50 % Link 1 Rural

dundergrounoverhead

overhead


dundergrounoverhead

overhead


link arrangement

urban

dundergrounoverhead

overhead

<= 50 % Link 2

dundergrounoverhead

overhead

> 50 % Not common Ring 1 Rural

dundergrounoverhead

overhead


dundergrounoverhead

overhead


ring

urban

dundergrounoverhead

overhead

<= 50 % Ring 2

dundergrounoverhead

overhead

> 50 % Not common Not classified Rural

dundergrounoverhead

overhead


dundergrounoverhead

overhead


meshed

urban

dundergrounoverhead

overhead

<= 50 % * Meshed



Test sites

• Within DISPOWER, four test sites will be set up in order to evaluate the performances of active networks and the POMS strategies.– A test Facility will be installed at CESI, Milan

– MVV Energie AG will build up a solar settlement at the location “Querdeich”, Dannenberg, Germany

– The IBERDROLA Technology Demonstration Centre (TDC) near Madrid

– As a fourth test site, Stadtwerke Karlsruhe Germany, SWK



CESI test site


Barcelona 12-15 May 2003Test facility: structureTest facility: structure

The topology grid and distributed resources configuration can be changed using control command to the transfer switches interconnection board.

Meters

Synchronism unit

LOADS FIELD

BIOMASS

DISH STIRLING

Hybrid PV system MCFC+

TT 1 T 2 PEM REDOX

VARIABLE LOAD

BUS-BAR 2

BUS-BAR 1

LOAD BUS-BAR

Der. 1 Der. 2 Der. 3

VARIABLE LOAD

LV Transfer switches board

TELE-CONTROLLED SWITCHES + INTERFACE PROTECTIONS

FLY WHEEL

PoMS

800 kVA 800 kVA


Barcelona 12-15 May 2003Test facility: Solar Dish Stirling (1)Test facility: Solar Dish Stirling (1)

CESI Eurodish:

European Dish Stirling solar generator system (3rd prototype in the world)

based on the SOLO 161 Stirling motor

parabolic concentrator, 8.5 m diameter, 56 m²

2000 suns, temperature 800°C

Two axis tracking: azimuth & elevation

10 kWe 400 Vac 3 phase

Asynchronous alternator grid connected



Test facility: Test facility: Vanadium Redox Battery (1) Vanadium Redox Battery (1)

42 kW 84 kWh42 kW 84 kWh

Electrolyte tanks

Stack

Nominal Voltage 125 V

Maximum Current 500 A

Operative Voltage 100 ÷ 155 V

Number of cells 100

Manufacturer SUMITOMO



CESI Test facility: CESI Test facility: Wireless communication communicationWireless bridge AIRONET from Cisco: up to 20 km with special antenna, data connection speed from 1 to 11 Mb/s.

Protocol is IEEE 802.11 (named Wi-Fi)Units must be provided with PCMCIA or PCI cardsAlready used to interface PV hybrid system and Solar Dish Stirling with their remote control sites.

antenna



Pilot Installation MVV: Pilot Installation MVV: Solar Settlement Querdeich Solar Settlement Querdeich

6.64 kWp thin film PV systemFirst office building inaugurated in July 2002

Integrated energy concept: Biomass district heating & distributed generation

Goals of pilot installation:

• Demonstrate high (premium) power quality in LV grids with high penetration of decentralised generation

• Develop measuring concepts for pilot installations, having future massive distributed generation in mind

• Demonstrate remote monitoring and control of representative pilot installation sites

Foto: Pohlmann & Partner



• LV grid: - 400 kVA-Transformer station: 20/0,4kV- open-ring/ closed ring operation

• Loads:- private houses - office building - assisted living- nursing home

• DG-Generators: - PV-Generator: 121kWp- CHP (BHKW): approx. 50kW- Battery storage: 50kW/20min.

• PQ Monitoring: - SimeasQ (Siemens) or Mavolog (GM)- Topas 1000 (LEM)

Pilot Installation MVV: Current Pilot Installation MVV: Current Concept Concept

Source: Architektenbüro Pohlmann



Transformer: 400kVA; 20 / 0,4 kV

Communication

Central energy and power quality management: PoMS

30 kWp PV

Combined Heat and

Power Unit

50 kW

Battery Storage50 kW/20min.

kWh

kWh

kWh

PV120 kWp

CHP

MVV Pilot Installation: MVV Pilot Installation: Configuration DesignConfiguration Design

18 x 5 kWp PV

kWh

PQ - Recorder

Electricity meter

DC/AC Inverter

PQ

PQ

kWh

(optional) Distributionbox

PQ

PQ

PQ

kWh



End

Thank you for your attention



Radial 1 and radial 2

• LV Network in radial configuration:– radial 1 (rural )

– radial 2 (urban)



Link 1 and 2

• LV Network in link configuration:– Link 1 (rural )

– Link 2 (urban)



Ring 1 and 2

• LV Network in ring configuration:– ring 1 (rural )

– ring 2 (urban)



Mesheable configuration

work package descriptions

Documents