World War IIWorld War II

Who was president Who was president during World War II?during World War II?

• Franklin D. RooseveltFranklin D. Roosevelt

What event started What event started World War II ?World War II ?

•Hitler invaded Hitler invaded Poland.Poland.

What did the Soviet Union do What did the Soviet Union do when Hitler invaded Poland?when Hitler invaded Poland?

• Invaded Poland and the Invaded Poland and the Baltic countries from the eastBaltic countries from the east

What were the Axis What were the Axis nations during World nations during World

War II?War II?

• GermanyGermany

• ItalyItaly

• JapanJapan

What happened to France in What happened to France in the first two years of the first two years of

World War II?World War II?

• France was overrun by France was overrun by Germany.Germany.

What was the Battle of Britain?What was the Battle of Britain?

• Hitler’s air attack on Great Hitler’s air attack on Great BritainBritain

What country did Hitler invade What country did Hitler invade in mid-1941?in mid-1941?

• The Soviet UnionThe Soviet Union

What was the position of the What was the position of the United States during the first United States during the first two years of World War II?two years of World War II?

• NeutralNeutral

What foreign policy had What foreign policy had strong support in the United strong support in the United

States during the first two States during the first two years of World War II?years of World War II?

• IsolationismIsolationism

Despite its official position of Despite its official position of neutrality, how did the United neutrality, how did the United

States increasingly States increasingly help Great Britain?help Great Britain?

• Gave Great Britain war Gave Great Britain war supplies and old naval supplies and old naval warships in exchange for warships in exchange for military bases in Bermuda military bases in Bermuda and the Caribbean Seaand the Caribbean Sea

What caused America’s What caused America’s gradual abandonment of its gradual abandonment of its

policy of neutrality?policy of neutrality?

• Between 1939 and mid-1941, Between 1939 and mid-1941, Germany overran France and Germany overran France and most of Europe, pounded most of Europe, pounded Great Britain by air in the Great Britain by air in the Battle of Britain, and invaded Battle of Britain, and invaded the Soviet Union.the Soviet Union.

Identify the Lend-Lease Act.Identify the Lend-Lease Act.

• A law that gave the President A law that gave the President authority to sell, lease, or lend authority to sell, lease, or lend military equipment to military equipment to countries to defend countries to defend themselves against the Axis themselves against the Axis powerspowers

Who compared the Lend-Lease Who compared the Lend-Lease Act to “lending a garden hose Act to “lending a garden hose to a next-door neighbor whose to a next-door neighbor whose

house is on fire”?house is on fire”?

• President Franklin RooseveltPresident Franklin Roosevelt

How did America’s policy How did America’s policy towards Japan change after towards Japan change after

the Japanese invaded the Japanese invaded Manchuria and China during Manchuria and China during

the thirties?the thirties?

• U.S. refused to recognize U.S. refused to recognize Japanese conquests in Asia.Japanese conquests in Asia.

• U.S. imposed an embargo on U.S. imposed an embargo on exports of oil and steel to exports of oil and steel to Japan.Japan.

What event brought What event brought the U.S. into World the U.S. into World

War II?War II?

•Japanese attack Japanese attack on Pearl Harboron Pearl Harbor

Who called the Japanese attack Who called the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941 “a date that will live in 7, 1941 “a date that will live in

infamy”?infamy”?

• President Franklin D. President Franklin D. RooseveltRoosevelt

Who was the leader of Who was the leader of Germany during World Germany during World

War II?War II?

• Adolf HitlerAdolf Hitler

Who were the Allies in Who were the Allies in World War II?World War II?

• Great BritainGreat Britain

• the Soviet Unionthe Soviet Union

• the United Statesthe United States

Who was the leader of Who was the leader of Great Britain during Great Britain during

World War II?World War II?

•Winston ChurchillWinston Churchill

Who was the leader of Who was the leader of the Soviet Union during the Soviet Union during

World War II?World War II?

•Joseph StalinJoseph Stalin

What strategy did the What strategy did the Allies follow?Allies follow?

•Defeat Hitler FirstDefeat Hitler First

In what battle in North In what battle in North Africa did the British defeat Africa did the British defeat

German forces, thereby German forces, thereby denying Hitler control over denying Hitler control over the Middle Eastern oil fields the Middle Eastern oil fields and preventing Hitler from and preventing Hitler from attacking the Soviet Union attacking the Soviet Union

from the south?from the south?

•El AlameinEl Alamein

What happened at the What happened at the Battle of Stalingrad?Battle of Stalingrad?

• Soviet army defeated the GermansSoviet army defeated the Germans

• Prevented the Germans from seizing Prevented the Germans from seizing the Soviet oil fieldsthe Soviet oil fields

• Turned the tide against the Germans Turned the tide against the Germans on the eastern fronton the eastern front

What happened at the What happened at the Normandy landings (D-Day)?Normandy landings (D-Day)?

• American and Allied troops American and Allied troops landed in France.landed in France.

• Liberation of Western Liberation of Western Europe had begun.Europe had begun.

• It was the turning point of the It was the turning point of the war on the western front.war on the western front.

Who was the commander of Who was the commander of the Allied forces at the D-the Allied forces at the D-

Day invasion?Day invasion?

• Dwight D. EisenhowerDwight D. Eisenhower

What was the turning What was the turning point of the war in the point of the war in the

Pacific?Pacific?

•The Battle of The Battle of MidwayMidway

What was the Allied What was the Allied strategy in the Pacific?strategy in the Pacific?

•Island hoppingIsland hopping

The invasions of what two The invasions of what two Pacific islands brought Pacific islands brought

American forces closer to American forces closer to Japan?Japan?

•Iwo JimaIwo Jima

•OkinawaOkinawa

How did the United How did the United States end the war in the States end the war in the

Pacific?Pacific?

• Dropped atomic Dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasakiand Nagasaki

During World War II, During World War II, when men left the factories when men left the factories

to serve in to serve in the armed forces, the armed forces,

who often took their jobs? who often took their jobs?

•WomenWomen

What image represented What image represented American women who worked American women who worked

in factories during in factories during World War II?World War II?

• Rosie the RiveterRosie the Riveter

What became the slogan of What became the slogan of African-Americans African-Americans on the home front on the home front

during World War II?during World War II?

• Victory in war and equality at Victory in war and equality at homehome

Were the United States Were the United States armed forces racially armed forces racially

segregated during segregated during World War II?World War II?

•YesYes

During World War II, During World War II, what group of what group of

African-American flyers served African-American flyers served with distinction in Europe?with distinction in Europe?

•The Tuskegee The Tuskegee AirmenAirmen

During World War II, what During World War II, what Japanese-American regiments Japanese-American regiments

earned a high number of earned a high number of decorations for bravery?decorations for bravery?

•Nisei regimentsNisei regiments

What Native American What Native American language was used by the U.S. language was used by the U.S. military during World War II military during World War II

for communication codes in the for communication codes in the Pacific?Pacific?

•NavajoNavajo

What international What international agreement established rules agreement established rules for the humane treatment of for the humane treatment of

prisoners of war?prisoners of war?

• The Geneva ConventionThe Geneva Convention

What happened on the What happened on the Bataan Death March?Bataan Death March?

• American POWs in the American POWs in the Philippines suffered brutal Philippines suffered brutal treatment by the Japanese treatment by the Japanese

How did the treatment of How did the treatment of prisoners of war in Europe prisoners of war in Europe

differ from that in the Pacific?differ from that in the Pacific?

• The treatment of prisoners of The treatment of prisoners of war in Europe more closely war in Europe more closely followed the ideas of the followed the ideas of the Geneva Convention.Geneva Convention.

What is genocide?What is genocide?

• The systematic and purposeful The systematic and purposeful destruction of a racial, destruction of a racial, political, or cultural grouppolitical, or cultural group

What was the What was the Holocaust?Holocaust?

• Nazi Germany’s Nazi Germany’s systematic murder of systematic murder of European Jews.European Jews.

What was Hitler’s What was Hitler’s “final solution?”“final solution?”

• Exterminate (kill) all Exterminate (kill) all the Jews in Europethe Jews in Europe

Besides Jews, what other Besides Jews, what other groups were victims of the groups were victims of the

Holocaust?Holocaust?

• PolesPoles

• SlavsSlavs

• GypsiesGypsies

• ““Undesirables” defined by the Undesirables” defined by the Nazis as homosexuals, the Nazis as homosexuals, the mentally ill, and political mentally ill, and political dissidents (protesters)dissidents (protesters)

What were the What were the Nuremberg Trials?Nuremberg Trials?

• Trials of Nazi leaders Trials of Nazi leaders for war crimesfor war crimes

What was the short-term What was the short-term significance of the Holocaust?significance of the Holocaust?

• In the Nuremberg trials, Nazi In the Nuremberg trials, Nazi leaders and others were leaders and others were convicted of war crimes.convicted of war crimes.

What was the long-term What was the long-term significance of the Holocaust?significance of the Holocaust?

• The Nuremberg trials The Nuremberg trials emphasized individual emphasized individual responsibility for actions responsibility for actions during a war, regardless of during a war, regardless of orders received. orders received.

• The Nuremberg trials led to The Nuremberg trials led to increased demand for a increased demand for a Jewish homeland.Jewish homeland.

In 1948 what nation was In 1948 what nation was founded by Jewish founded by Jewish

settlers living in settlers living in Palestine?Palestine?

•IsraelIsrael

How did the U.S. maintain How did the U.S. maintain an adequate supply of an adequate supply of

products for the war effort?products for the war effort?

• Rationing: each family Rationing: each family received a monthly received a monthly allowance of essential items allowance of essential items (sugar, gasoline, meat)(sugar, gasoline, meat)

How did the Roosevelt How did the Roosevelt administration finance administration finance

World War II?World War II?

• War bondsWar bonds• The federal income The federal income taxtax

What African-American What African-American leader led the fight leader led the fight for desegregation of for desegregation of

the armed forces and the armed forces and equal hiring in defense jobs.equal hiring in defense jobs.

• A. Philip RandolphA. Philip Randolph

What was the Selective What was the Selective Service Act?Service Act?

• 1940 law which established 1940 law which established the first peacetime draft in the first peacetime draft in American historyAmerican history

What happened to most What happened to most Japanese-Americans during Japanese-Americans during

World War II?World War II?

• Relocated to Relocated to internmentinternment campscamps, where they were , where they were required to stay until the required to stay until the end of the warend of the war

What were two reasons for the What were two reasons for the internment of Japanese-internment of Japanese-

Americans during Americans during World War II?World War II?

• Strong anti-Japanese prejudice Strong anti-Japanese prejudice on the West Coaston the West Coast

• False belief that Japanese-False belief that Japanese-Americans were aiding the Americans were aiding the enemyenemy

How did the Supreme Court How did the Supreme Court rule in rule in Korematsu v. United Korematsu v. United

StatesStates??

• Upheld the government’s Upheld the government’s right to act against Japanese-right to act against Japanese-Americans living on the West Americans living on the West CoastCoast

• Upheld the Roosevelt Upheld the Roosevelt administration’s policy of administration’s policy of placing Japanese-Americans placing Japanese-Americans in internment camps, because in internment camps, because of fears they might assist in a of fears they might assist in a Japanese invasionJapanese invasion

What was the role of the What was the role of the American media and American media and

entertainment industries entertainment industries during World War II?during World War II?

• Promoted NationalismPromoted Nationalism

Define nationalism.Define nationalism.

• A strong feeling of A strong feeling of patriotism or devotion to patriotism or devotion to one’s countryone’s country

In what three ways did media In what three ways did media and communications assist the and communications assist the

Allied efforts during Allied efforts during World War II?World War II?

• 1) The United States 1) The United States government maintained strict government maintained strict censorship of the reporting of censorship of the reporting of the war.the war.

• 2) Public morale and ad 2) Public morale and ad campaigns kept Americans campaigns kept Americans focused on the war effort.focused on the war effort.

• 3) The entertainment 3) The entertainment industry produced movies, industry produced movies, plays, and shows that boosted plays, and shows that boosted morale and patriotic support morale and patriotic support for the war effort as well as for the war effort as well as portrayed the enemy in portrayed the enemy in stereotypical ways.stereotypical ways.