writing chemical equations to symbolize chemical reactions
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Writing Chemical Equations to Symbolize Chemical Reactions. Chapter 6 & 7. 1. Solid aluminum metal reacts with oxygen gas to produce solid aluminum oxide. Write the formulas of the reactants and products. Al + O 2 → Al 2 O 3 Add symbols to indicate physical state. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Writing Chemical Equationsto Symbolize Chemical Reactions
Chapter6 & 7
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Solid aluminum metal reacts with oxygen gas to produce solid aluminum oxide.
1. Write the formulas of the reactants and products.
• Al + O2 → Al2O3
2. Add symbols to indicate physical state.
• Al(s) + O2(g) → Al2O3(s)
3. Balance (Law of Conservation of Mass)
• 4Al(s) + 3O2(g) → 2Al2O3(s)
4. Synthesis Reaction
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Electrical current through water.Electrolysis of water into its elements.
1. Write the skeleton equation
• H2O → H2 + O2
2. Put in physical state symbols
• H2O(L) → H2(g) + O2(g)
3. Balance
• 2 H2O(L) → 2 H2(g) + O2(g)
4. Decomposition
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Solid iron rusts. Solid iron reacts with oxygen gas to
produce iron(III) oxide.1. Write the skeleton equation
• Fe + O2 → Fe2O3
2. Put in physical state symbols
• Fe(s) + O2(g) → Fe2O3(s)
3. Balance
• 4 Fe(s) + 3 O2(g) → 2 Fe2O3(s)
4. Synthesis (aka combination)
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Ammonium Nitrate dissolves.Since we have defined dissolving as a physical change, this is NOT a chemical reaction, just a physical change.
1. Write the skeleton equation• NH4NO3 → NH4
+ + NO3−
2. Put in physical state symbols• NH4NO3(s) → NH4
+(aq) + NO3
−(aq)
3. Balance• Already balanced.
4. Dissolving
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Aqueous sodium dichromate is reacted with aqueous lead(II) nitrate to produce a solid precipitate of lead(II) dichromate and aqueous sodium nitrate.
1. Write the skeleton equationNa2Cr2O7 + Pb(NO3)2 → PbCr2O7 + NaNO3
2. Put in physical state symbolsNa2Cr2O7(aq) + Pb(NO3)2(aq) → PbCr2O7(ppt) + NaNO3(aq)
3. BalanceNa2Cr2O7(aq) + Pb(NO3)2(aq) → PbCr2O7(ppt) + 2NaNO3(aq)
4. Double Replacement
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Solid potassium metal is reacted with water to produce aqueous potassium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
1. Write the skeleton equation
• K + H2O → KOH + H2
2. Put in physical state symbols
• K(s) + H2O(L) → KOH(aq) + H2(g)
3. Balance• 2K(s) + 2H2O(L) → 2KOH(aq) + H2(g)
4. Single Replacement
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Solid calcium reacted with liquid water to produce aqueous calcium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
1. Write the skeleton equation• Ca + H2O → Ca(OH)2 + H2
2. Put in physical state symbols• Ca(s) + H2O(L) → Ca(OH)2(aq) + H2(g)
3. Balance• Ca(s) + 2H2O(L) → Ca(OH)2(aq) + H2(g)
4. Single Replacement
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Solid zinc reacts with aqueous hydrochloric acid to produce aqueous zinc chloride and hydrogen gas.
1. Write the skeleton equation• Zn + HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
2. Put in physical state symbols• Zn(s) + HCl(aq) → ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g)
3. Balance• Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) → ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g)
4. Single Replacement
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Burning of methane gas, CH4
1. Write the skeleton equation
• CH4 + O2 → H2O + CO2
2. Put in physical state symbols
• CH4(g) + O2(g) → H2O(g) + CO2(g)
3. Balance
• CH4 (g) + 2O2(g) → 2H2O(g) + CO2(g)
4. This is the gas that comes through our Bunsen burners.
5. Combustion
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Nylon is formed from hexamethylenedamine reacting with sebacoyl chloride to produce the nylon polymer and hydrochloric acid.
1. Nylon is a generic term to represent a particular type of polymer.
• C6H12N2H6 + C6H8Cl2O2 → C12H20O2N2H4 + 2 HCl
2. Balance• C6H12N2H6 + C6H8Cl2O2 → C12H20O2N2H4 + 2 HCl
3. This is a typical polymerization reaction.
• Polymer = many mers (repeating small units)• Polymerization = making polymers from
monomers.
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Polymerization - making large molecules from small units
1. You may remember that many glucose molecules hooked together make the polymer starch or cellulose