WWII/Cold WarLecture 1

– I. Background• A. Depression Continues• B. WWI Affects Losers

– 1. Devastated Economies– 2. Wounded National Pride– 3. Ruthless Dictatorships Rise

II. Dictatorship Rise

– A. Germany, Italy, Japan• 1. Promise Of Return To Glory• 2. Italy-Benito Mussolini

– Fascism

• 3. Germany – Adolf Hitler-Nazi Party & The Third Reich

-Anti-Semitism

• 4. Japan-Hideki Tojo-island aggression

• 5. Tripartite Pact Formed 1940

B. World Response

• 1. Great Britain – Winston Churchill,• France-Charles de Gaulle• -appeasement• -war Sept. 1939• 2. US• - Isolationism• - Neutrality Acts of 1930’s• Lend-lease program

III. US Enters War

• A. Pearl Harbor Attacked• 1. 8 Large Ships Sunk, 200 Planes Lost• 2. 2,400 dead• B. US Declares War on Japan Dec 8, 1941• 1. December 11, Japan, Germany, Italy

Reciprocate• 2. Axis Powers – Japan, Germany, Italy• 3. Allied Powers – US, Great Britian, France

C. Many Fronts

• 1. Europe• - Germany, Italy• -Rhineland & Much of Europe• -1942 Germany, attacks Russia (Russia

joins Allied Powers)• 2. Pacific• -Japan• -Manchuria, Midway, Guadalcanal

D. Victory In Europe 1943-1945• 1.Normandy, Battle of the Bulge

• 2. Holocaust

• 3. Hitler-Suicide April 30, 1945

• -May 8, Germany surrenders.

E. Victory In The Pacific

• 1. Island Hopping• -Guam, Phillipines, Japan• -many lives lost• 2. FDR Dies-Harry Truman President• -Truman warns Japan• -Japan refuses to surrender• 3. Manhattan Project• -atomic bomb• -Albert Einstein, Robert Oppenheimer

4.Uranium Bomb Dropped

• - called “Little Boy”• -Aug 6, 1945 on Hiroshima, Japan• -70,000 Dead, 70,000 Injured• 5. Plutonium Bomb Dropped• - called “Fat Man”• -Aug 9, 1945 on Nagasaki, Japan• -40,000 Dead, 40,000 Injured• 6. Japan Surrenders• -Aug 14, 1945• -formal surrender Sept. 2• -WWII ends

WW II Lec 2

• I. Background

• A. Shift to War Production

• 1. Challenges

• - WWI & Depression

• - Massive Organization

• More sacrifices

II. War Economy

• A. Office of War Mobilization• 1. Production of War materials• - auto industry• -cost-plus system• -new market methods• B. Union Workers• 1. Increases strikes, John L. Lewis• 2. Wildcat strikes

C. War Financing

• 1. federal spending increases

• 2. Taxes raised

• 3. Deficit spending

• D. Shortages

• Metal, rubber, fabric, gas

• Sugar coffee meat rationing

E. Women’s role

• All ages working, very successful• Discrimination continues, mental, physical,

racial• Post-war jobs loss• III. Racial struggles• A. Employment• 1. Greater opportunities• 2. Discrimination continues

B. Blacks

• 1. South Jim Crow Laws

• 2. North-De facto Discrimination

• 3. Black organization

• “double V campaign”

• 4. Phillip Randolph

C. Hispanics

• 1. Discrminated

• 2. Major gains 1944

• - braceros program

• Zoot soot riots

• D. native Americans

• 1. Many in War

• 2. Cultural transition-Alienation

E. Japanese

• 1. Anti-Japanese sentiment

• 2. Sabotage fears

• 3. Executive Order 9066 (1942)

• - War Relocation Authority

• Internment camps

WWII/Cold WarLecture 3

• I. Background• A. End of WWII• 1. US-Soviet Divisions• -capitalism vs communism• II. Wartime Problems• A. Tehran & Yalta Conferences• 1. Big 3 Meet• 2. Germany-4 Occupation Zones• -vague agreement

B. Western Front

• 1. US Delay With Help

• C. Atomic Bomb Development

• 1. British in-soviets out

• III. Post Way Path

• A. US Stance

• 1. Democracy (liberty, equality, rep. gov., worldwide markets)

B. Soviet Stance

• 1. Communism (workers unite and share, totalitarian dictatorship)

• C. Cold War Begins• 1. Cold War (indirect conflict & tension)• -1917 & 1939 divisions• Stalin 1946 Speech• -strengthen military• Survival against west• 3. Churchill 1946 Speech• - “Iron Curtain” has descended• - stop communist movement

IV. Containment Policy

• A. Peace Organizations

• 1. League of Nations Failure

• 2. United Nations 1945

• B. Truman Doctrine 1947

• 1. US Support Policy

• 2. Greece & Turkey Aid

C. Marshall Plan

• 1.Main Obj. – Counter Soviet Expansion & Open New Markets

• 2. European Recovery Program.• -17 bill total over 4 years• -Soviet non-participation• -Berlin airlift• D. Other Developments• 1. NATO 1949• 2. NSC-68• 3. Satellite Nations

V. Broadening Containment

• A. Korean War• 1. 38th Parallel – N & S Korea• B. Vietnam War• 1. France, N & S Vietnam• 2. Domino Theory• C. Middle East• 1. Israel & Arab States• 2. Oil Supplies• D. Latin America• 1. Cuba-Castro

VI. Cold War at Home

• A. HUAC

• 1. Loyalty Prog.

• 2. Hollywood

• B. Spy Cases

• 1. Alger Hiss, Julius & Ethel Rosenburg

• C. McCarthy Era

• 1. Communist Hunt