www.monash.edu.au 1 create once use many times the clever use of metadata in egovernment and...
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Create Once Use Many Times
The Clever Use of Metadata in
eGovernment and eBusiness Processes in
Networked EnvironmentsARC Linkage Project 2003-2005
www.sims.monash.edu.au/research/rcrg
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Outline
• The Metadata Challenge• Clever Recordkeeping Metadata Project• Interoperability• Research Design• Relationships to InterPARES 2, San Diego
Supercomputer Center and ISO initiatives• Conclusion
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The Metadata Challenge
Current practice – metadata silos, with metadata generation and deployment semi-automated at best, resource intensive and application specific
Essential to the development of business, recordkeeping, and archival systems of the future is the clever use of metadata, including inheritance from business environments and reuse in current recordkeeping, archival and cultural domains – and vice versa
Strategies and tools needed so that metadata can be “created once, and used many times”
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Clever Recordkeeping Metadata Project
Brings together researchers and practitioners from Monash, UCLA, NAA, SRA NSW and ASA to:– Explore metadata interoperability– Demonstrate the business case for
automating metadata capture and reuse– Provide a model for archival description
as a process of managing, augmenting and repurposing the rich mines of metadata in our environments
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Interoperability means enabling information that originates in one context to be used in another in ways that are as highly automated as possible (Rust et al, 2000)
• Explore how metadata can cross technical, spatial and temporal boundaries, including translations between business, recordkeeping and archiving systems, across levels of aggregation, through time, across contextual boundaries
• Develop/deploy meta-tools, e.g.metadata registries, mapping tools, standardised data representations, communication protocols (e.g. encoding languages like XML, communication protocols like SOAP)
Interoperability
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Layers of Interoperability Model
Layer 3
Abstract
Attribute Spacee.g. Dublin Core,
Recordkeeping Metadata Standards
Value Spacee.g. Ontologies, Classifications,
Controlled Vocabularies, Taxonomies
Layer 2
Representatione.g. XML, RDF, DAML-OIL, OWL
Layer 1
Transport & Exchangee.g. OAI Protocol for Metadata Harvesting
Conceptual Data Model
From: Thomas Baker et al., Principles of Metadata Registries, 2002, http://delos-noe.iei.pi.cnr.it/activities/standardizationforum/Registries.pdf
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Recordkeeping Metadata Initiatives
Layer 3
Abstract
Recordkeeping Metadata Standards - NAA RKMS, NSW RKMS, SARKMS, VERS
Metadata Requirements in Functional Specifications for RMSArchival Descriptive Standards – Australian Series System,
ISAD(G), ISAAR(CPF)
Layer 2
RepresentationEAD, EAC, VERS DTD
Layer 1
Transport & ExchangeComponent based architectures, Web
Services technologies
Australian Recordkeeping Metadata Schema Conceptual Models
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Example of Metadata Interoperability
Records Management
System
Archival Control System
Business System
Business System
Business System
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Research Design
• Conceptual framework– Records Continuum, Metadata conceptual models from
the Australian Recordkeeping Metadata Schema, ISO/TS 23081 Metadata for Records
• Demonstrate the concept– Simulated real world scenario– User centred rapid prototyping using agile methods
• Implementation model– Test bed implementation as model for best practice– High profile to attract attention
• Meta-registries and meta-tools
Recordkeeping Business Transaction
Recordkeeping Business Activity
Recordkeeping Business Function
B us iness T ransac tion
B us iness A c tiv ity
B us iness Func tion
A m bient Func tion
BUSINESS
M AN DATES
Figure 4: Coverage of Recordkeeping M etadata
G overn
Estab lishCompetencies Account For
Recordkeeping Am bient Function
B U S IN E S SR E C O R D K E E P IN G
P erson /A c to r
O rgan isa tiona l U n it/W ork G roup
O rgan isa tion /C orpora te B ody
S oc ia l Ins titu tion
AG ENTS/PEO PLE
R ecord O b jec t
R ecord A ggrega tion
C orpora te A rch ive / R K S ys tem
C ollec tive A rch ives
RECO RDSRelation
G overn
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NAA Scenario Policy Development – Publishing -
Transfer
Records Management
System(TRIM)
Archival Control System
(Record Search)Learning Object
Gateway
Other Portals
Desktop Applications
NAA Intranet
NAA Public Website
Metadata Standards – Australian Recordkeeping Metadata Schema, NAA RKMS, AGLS, CRS, Digital Object Preservation
Archival Gateways
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Build the prototype …
Innovative techniquesUser-centred rapid prototyping involving:― An agile programmer to extend existing software and
metadata deployment functionality in small, user-centred iterations
― Generation of new ideas and reprioritising old ones as the prototype evolves and insights develop
― A multidisciplinary research team and focus groups of experts to develop the scenario, and derive the metadata requirements, and for validating each iteration
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Then develop a model for best practice…
Test-bed implementation:– An intelligent model that demonstrates
interoperability – “create once, use many times” – within metadata standardsframework
– Applies in different domains– High profile to attract attention
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Meta-registries and Meta-tools
• Mini meta-registries• Mappings between attribute and value
spaces• Representation of mappings for automated
processing – crosswalks • Rules for aggregation of data and making
contextual metadata explicit• XML DTDs and Schemas• Metadata interchange and translation tools
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Related Projects
• InterPARES 2 – Metadata Schema Registry (translation of attributes and transformation of values; exploration of meta-tools for representation and exchange
• San Diego Supercomputer Center – tools and technologies for metadata representation, translation and ongoing management
• ISO recordkeeping metadata standard – framework standard for metadata schemas that relate to attributes and values spaces, and possible extension to address interoperability model representation layer issues
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The Archives of the Future
• At the beginning of the new millennium recordkeeping professionals are challenged to develop systems that can operate beyond the level of the individual or corporate archive, and of collective archives as we now know them, to describe parallel recordkeeping universes, encompassing the world views of all parties to the transactions, and providing meaningful access paths to all stakeholders.
• Metadata frameworks, strategies and tools to support systems that can:
– encompass Chris Hurley’s “parallel provenance” and Jeannette Bastian’s communities of records
– negotiate the complex matrices of mutual rights and obligations invoked in Eric Ketelaar’s vision of shared ownership and joint heritage
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Conclusion: Project Outcomes
• Translation and transformation of metadata between business, recordkeeping & archival systems, and resource discovery portals, across levels of aggregation and contextual boundaries, in and through time
• Contribution of CRKM Project, InterPARES 2 Description Research Team, San Diego Supercomputer Center, and ISO recordkeeping metadata standard initiative
• Understandings and strategies relating to the clever use of recordkeeping metadata in forming and transforming the archives of the future
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Chief Investigators
Chief InvestigatorProfessor Sue McKemmishMonash University
Partner InvestigatorProfessor Anne Gilliland-Swetland, UCLAMr Adrian Cunningham, National Archives of Australia
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Industry Partners and Collaborators
National Archives of Australia
Mr Duncan Jamieson
State Records New South Wales
Mr Tony Leviston
Australian Society of Archivists, Descriptive Standards Committee
Ms Barbara Reed
Distributed Systems Technology Centre
Mr Andrew Wood
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Multidisciplinary Research Team
Australian Postgraduate Award Industry – Ms Joanne Evans
Research Associate– Ms Karuna Bhoday
Agile Programmer– Sergio Viademonte