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Day Month Year Number of seat Scottish candidate number

SQA

X055/10/01

*X055/10/01* ©

MANAGING ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCESINTERMEDIATE 1

Full name of centre Town

Forename(s) Surname

Date of birth

N A T I O N A LQ U A L I F I C A T I O N S2 0 1 5

F R I D A Y , 5 J U N E9 . 0 0 A M – 1 0 . 3 0 A M

Total Marks

1 Read the whole of each question carefully before you answer it.

2 Write in the spaces provided.

3 Where boxes like this are provided, put a tick 3 in the box beside the answer you think is correct.

4 Try all the questions.

5 Do not give up the first time you get stuck; you may be able to answer later questions.

6 Extra paper may be obtained from the Invigilator, if required.

7 Before leaving the examination room you must give this book to the Invigilator. If you do not, you may lose all the marks for this paper.

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1. The sketch map below shows an estate with a cross-country course for horse jumping.

From the sketch map, answer the following questions.

(a) (i) Give two natural environments found on the estate.

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(ii) Give one semi-natural environment which is found on the course taken by the horses.

(iii) Give one example of a tourist attraction found on the estate.

(iv) When there is a cross-country horse event, some temporary jobs are created. Suggest one job which may be available.

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coniferous plantationgrassland

mixed native trees

barley field

streamman-made lake

ditch

cross-country course

jumps

Key:

historic house andornamental gardens

Start

Finishstables

small hillswater meadow

car park

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1. (a) (continued)

(v) There is a proposal to close the cross-country course and use the land for other purposes.

Choose one area of the course, and suggest a possible use.

Area

Use

(b) (i) Lapwings are an endangered species of bird, found in wetland. Name one other endangered species found in wetlands.

(ii) Name one environmental organisation which operates at a local level to protect endangered species.

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2. (a) (i) Some examples of energy sources are shown in the table below.

Complete the table using a tick (3) to show if the energy source is renewable or non-renewable.

Energy source Renewable Non-renewable

Hydro

Coal

Wind

Oil

(ii) Forests are grown to provide wood (biomass) for burning.

Give one advantage and one disadvantage of using wood as a renewable energy source.

Advantage

Disadvantage

(iii) In 2008, by using wood for heating, 4000 tonnes of carbon dioxide (CO2) were saved. This increased to 12 000 tonnes in 2014. Calculate the simplest whole number ratio of carbon dioxide savings in 2008 to that in 2014.

Space for calculation

2008 : 2014

(iv) Forests are also managed for recreation. Give two possible recreational activities in a forest.

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2. (continued)

(b) (i) Some buildings in a village have switched to biomass heating using local wood chips as fuel.

The table below shows the building, the tonnes of carbon dioxide saved and the time taken to pay back the cost of installing biomass heating.

BuildingCarbon saving

(tonnes per year)Payback time

(years)

Visitor centre 150 5

Hotel 60 4

School 60 10

Castle 75 7

In your opinion, which building is making the best use of biomass heating?

Give a reason for your choice.

Building

Reason

(ii) Wood chips are a wood product from the forest. Name one other product from the forest.

(c) Woodlands and moorlands are important ecosystems.

(i) Complete the following.

Ecosystem = Community +

(ii) Name one species which is in danger of global extinction.

(iii) Name one piece of legislation which acts at national level.

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3. The diagram below shows a food web of some of the organisms living around a garden shed.

blackbird

hedgehogwoodlice

applelogs

honeysuckle

bee spider

(a) Use the diagram to answer the following questions.

(i) Name two consumers.

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(ii) What type of feeding is shown by the hedgehog?

Tick (3) the correct box.

Herbivore

Carnivore

Omnivore

(iii) Complete the food chain below.

bee

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3. (a) (continued)

(iv) Name one way in which energy is lost from a food chain.

(v) Name the source of energy for this and all food webs.

(vi) The woodlice feed on the logs.

What is the word used to describe organisms that feed on dead plants?

(b) Logs are burned by the shed owner in a wood-burning stove.

Suggest what will happen to the number of woodlice after all the logs have been used.

Circle your answer.

The number of woodlice will

Give a reason for your answer.

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increase

stay the same.

decrease

3. (continued)

(c) The key below can be used to identify some species of female spiders.

Use the key above to answer the following questions.

(i) Identify the spider drawn below.

(ii) State two features of the money spider.

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Spider

Legsnot hairy

Daddy-long-legsSpider

Legshairy

Stripes on body

No stripeson body

BuzzingSpider

Largerthan 4 mm

Smallerthan 4 mm

Zebra Spider Money Spider

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4. A range of materials is used in the manufacture of electronic devices.

(a) The table below shows the percentage of materials in a mobile phone.

Material Percentage (%)

Plastics 45

Metals 35

Glass and ceramics 10

Rare earth metals 1

Battery electrodes 9

(i) Complete the pie chart below using the information from the table.

(An additional pie chart is available on Page twenty.)

(ii) Give one reason why it is important to recycle mobile phones.

(iii) Suggest one way to encourage people to recycle mobile phones.

(iv) Rare earth metals are also used to manufacture energy saving light bulbs.

Suggest two other ways in which you personally could save energy at home.

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metals

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4. (continued)

(b) The table below shows the annual household recycling rate in a Scottish Local Authority between 2000 and 2012.

YearPercentage of households recycling

(%)

2000 5

2004 10

2008 35

2012 40

(i) Use the information in the table to complete the line graph below by adding:

1 a label to the x (horizontal) axis;

2 a scale to the y (vertical) axis;

3 the data for 2008 and 2012.

(An additional graph is available on Page twenty.)

(ii) What is the trend in the percentage of households recycling?

(iii) Predict, with a reason, the percentage of households recycling in 2016.

%

Reason

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2000 2004 2008 2012

Percentage of

households recycling

(%)

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5. (a) Read the passage below, and answer the questions which follow.

(i) Explain why eagles are called birds of prey.

(ii) What is the habitat of the golden eagle?

(iii) Suggest one way in which humans have persecuted eagles.

(iv) What has caused a rise in the number of white-tailed eagles?

(v) What does the word “extinct” mean?

(vi) Suggest a reason why some farmers are against an increase in the number of white-tailed eagles.

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THE EAGLE HAS LANDED!

Eagles soar through the air and then drop onto unsuspecting prey. They use their sharp talons to catch it and then their hooked beaks to tear its flesh.

According to research, Scotland’s eagle population was at its height 1500 years ago. Persecution by humans, and the gradual loss of the eagles’ habitat brought them to the brink of extinction. Climate change is not thought to have any part in this decline.

As the decline in numbers continued, the only eagles left in Scotland were golden eagles, in the highest hills and forests. However, thanks to a reintroduction programme, there is an increasing number of white-tailed eagles.

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5. (continued)

(b) Grey squirrels were introduced from North America into the UK. Their numbers have greatly increased, while numbers of the native red squirrels have decreased dramatically.

Suggest a reason for this decrease in the number of red squirrels.

(c) (i) Climate change can be linked to global warming.

Give one other effect of global warming on the environment.

(ii) Give one example of human activity which contributes to global warming.

(d) Human activities can also contribute to ozone depletion.

Underline the correct options to complete the sentence below.

Ozone depletion results in an increase in UV radiation/acid rain

and this affects the rate of skin cancer/lung cancer.

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6. A science theme park is being built in Scotland.

(a) (i) Planning permission was required for this development.

Give one reason for this.

(ii) An area of flat land was required to build the park.

This is an example of a

A man-made resource

B physical requirement

C raw material.

Answer

(iii) Explain why the park is close to a main road.

(iv) Suggest one advantage and one disadvantage of this development for the local community.

Advantage

Disadvantage

(b) The buildings are designed to reduce the impact on the global environment. The diagram below shows the basic design of one of them.

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glass

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6. (b) (continued)

(i) Use arrows to match the design feature with its method of reducing impact on the environment.

One has been already been matched.

Design Feature Method of Reducing Impact

Large areas of glass Reduce heat loss

Triple glazing Reduce long-distance transport fumes

Flooring made from recycled tyres

Reduce energy required for lighting

Local building materials

Reduce the need for new resources

(ii) The building requires 400 panes of triangular glass. One pane costs £1500.

Calculate the total cost of glass required for the building.

Space for calculation

Answer £

(c) The science theme park will require a transport link with the town. Choose a type of link from the following list and give a reason why it would be suitable.

Bus Footpath Cycle path Tram

Type of transport link

Reason

(d) Suggest two ways in which biodiversity in the grounds surrounding the park could be increased.

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(e) Suggest one way in which tourists could be encouraged to visit the science theme park.

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7. Pupils carried out an investigation to find out where different colours of seaweeds grew on a sea-shore at 5 different sites, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. They also measured light intensity.

The table below shows their results.

Number of site 1 2 3 4 5

Type of siteDeep water

Shallowwater

Rock Pool

Wet Sand

Wet Sand

Colour of seaweed

Green 3 3 3 3

Red 3 3

Brown 3 3

Light intensity B C D E E

E is the highest light intensity and A the lowest light intensity.

3 = present at the site

(a) (i) Which site has all colours of seaweed?

(ii) Which colour of seaweed grows in the greatest range of light intensities?

(iii) Complete the conclusion below by circling the correct options.

Brown seaweed is found in deep water/rock pools at a light intensity less/greater than D.

(iv) Light intensity is an abiotic factor. Name one other.

(v) Describe how you could measure the light intensity at site 5.

Equipment

Method

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7. (a) (continued)

(vi) Name a piece of equipment you could use to sample plants.

(b) The bar chart below shows the mass and type of rubbish found along the shore line.

(i) Calculate the mass of metal and plastic objects collected.

Space for calculation

kg

(ii) Name two types of rubbish which can be composted.

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(iii) Suggest one way in which you personally could reduce the amount of rubbish on the beach.

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60

50

40

30

20

10

0

Mass(kg)

Type of rubbish

pla

stic

obje

cts

seaw

eed

deb

ris

food

re

mai

ns

met

alob

ject

s

dri

ftw

ood

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8. The diagram below shows some of the inputs and outputs of a brewery.

(a) (i) Name one raw material required by the brewery.

(ii) Which requirement can be reused at the brewery?

(iii) Draff is sold to be used as animal feed.

1 Give one advantage of this to the brewery.

2 Give one advantage of this to the environment.

Brewery

River

beer

waste water

draff(solid waste)

yeast

barley

water

hops

energy

yeast

Inputs Outputs

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8. (continued)

(b) Beer is sold in a variety of containers.

Circle the material which you would choose to make the containers and give a reason for your answer.

glass plastic metal

Reason

(c) The brewery has different labour requirements. These include temporary and seasonal types of job. Give the other type of job.

(d) There is an SSSI near the brewery.

What do these letters stand for?

(e) (i) Waste water from the brewery is treated before discharge into the river. Name the national organisation which is responsible for monitoring the quality of waste water.

(ii) Give two ways in which you personally could save water.

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ADDITIONAL PIE CHART FOR QUESTION 4(a)(i)

ADDITIONAL BAR GRAPH FOR QUESTION 4(b)(i)

metals

2000 2004 2008 2012

Percentage of

households recycling

(%)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Question 4 – MrGarry/shutterstock.com

Question 6(b) – Grzegorz Petrykowski /shutterstock.com