year 11 physics hy 2011

General Instructions

Reading time – 5 minutes

Working time –90 minutes

Write using black or blue pen.

Draw diagrams using ‘B’ or ‘2B’ pencil.

Board-approved calculators may be used.

Write your student number on this booklet.

The exam paper must be collected at the conclusion of the examination.

A Data Sheet, Periodic Table and Formula Sheets are provided.

Total marks – 100

Part A Pages 2–8

20 marks

Attempt Questions 1 – 20.

Use the Multiple Choice Answer Sheet provided.

Allow about 15 minutes for this part.

Part B Pages 9–20

80 marks


Allow about 75 minutes for this part.

PENNANT HILLS HIGH SCHOOL

2011HALF YEARLY EXAMINATION

YEAR 11

Physics

Centre Number

Student Number

Part A20 marks


Use the multiple-choice answer sheet for Questions 1 – 20.

1 The frequency of a wave is:

(A) the number of waves passing a point in one second.

(B) the number of waves passing a point in 10 seconds.

(C) one wave passing a point in as many seconds as it takes.

(D) ten waves passing a point in one second.

2 An observer, standing 320 metres from a wall, hears a gun fired. The gun was 80 metres from the wall at the time of firing. After hearing the initial sound, the observer hears the sound reflected from the wall.

What is the time interval between hearing the two sounds?

(A) 1 second

(B) 0.7 seconds

(C) 1.25 seconds

(D) 1.4 seconds

3 Echoes are reflections of sound waves, and this property is used in different applications. Depth analysis of a body of water is one such application – SONAR.

In sonar, which of the following is assumed constant?

(A) The depth to the bottom of the body of water.

(B) The speed of the sound waves in water.

(C) The nature of the bottom of the body of water.

(D) The amplitude of the sound wave in water.

4 A student is using a luxmeter to measure the intensity of light at various distances from a light source. At distance, d, the intensity is measured as I units.

If the distance is reduced to the intensity would be closest to:

(A)

(B)

(C) 2I

(D) 4I

5 The diagram below illustrates the process of communication between two people using radio signals.

What is the function of the part labelled X?

(A) To transform electrical energy into sound energy.

(B) To transform electrical energy into electromagnetic energy.

(C) To allow for two-way communication between both people.

(D) To allow both AM and FM radio signals to be transmitted.

6 A popular Sydney radio station transmits at a frequency of 104.9 MHz. The wavelength of this radio station would be closest to:

(A) 0.31 m

(B) 0.35 m

(C) 2.86 m

(D) 3.24 m

7 Which of the following waves could not be used to communicate between two people on the surface of the moon?

(A) Light

(B) Sound

(C) Radio

(D) Infrared

8 The pictures from the Beijing Olympics were seen live all around the world. Why did the TV signal need to be retransmitted from satellites for this to occur?

(A) TV waves cannot travel through space.

(B) TV waves cannot travel in a curved path around the earth.

(C) TV waves become too weak if they travel a long distance.

(D) Both (B) and (C).

Question 9 starts on the next page.

9 A spear fisherman sees a fish in the water. The actual location of the fish is shown in the diagram (labelled FISH).

Which of the images best shows the location of where the fish appears to be, as seen by the spear fisherman?

(A) P

(B) Q

(C) R

(D) S

10 Light moves from medium B towards medium A. The velocity of light in medium B is 3 x 108 m s-1, while in medium A its velocity is 2.8 x 108 m s-1. The refractive index of medium A is:

(A) 0.93

(B) 1.00

(C) 1.07

(D) 1.70

11 The current in a wire:

(A) depends only on the potential difference applied.

(B) depends only on the resistance of the wire.

(C) depends on both resistance and potential difference.

(D) does not depend on resistance and potential difference.

P

Q

R

S

12 The potential at a point is 20 V. The work done to bring a charge of 0.5 C from infinity to this point will be:

(A) 20 J.

(B) 10 J.

(C) 5 J.

(D) 40 J.

13 The resistance of an electric bulb drawing 1.2 A current at 6.0 V is:

(A) 0.5 .

(B) 5 .

(C) 0.2 .

(D) 2 .

14 Which of the following statements does not represent Ohm’s Law?

(A) current / potential difference = constant

(B) potential difference / current = constant

(C) potential difference = current x resistance

(D) current = resistance x potential difference

15 Two light bulbs P and Q are identical in all respects, except that P’s filament is thicker than Q’s. If the same potential difference is applied to each, then:

(A) P will burn brighter because it has the greater resistance.

(B) Q will burn brighter because it has the greater resistance.

(C) P will burn brighter because it has the lower resistance.

(D) Q will burn brighter because it has the lower resistance.


16 Three rods, X, Y and Z, are charged by friction. Rod X attracts rod Y but repels rod Z.

The sign of the charges on each of these could be:

Rod X Rod Y Rod Z

(A) negative positive negative

(B) negative negative positive

(C) negative negative negative

(D) negative positive positive

17 Volta and Galvani argued about the nature of electricity because:

(A) Galvani believed animal electricity was different to other forms of electricity.

(B) Volta believed animal electricity was different to other forms of electricity.

(C) Galvani developed the battery before Volta.

(D) Volta believed voltage was proportional to current and Galvani did not believe they were proportional to one another.

18 Which of the diagrams shown below indicates the correct electric field pattern near two charged objects?

19 A student rubs a polythene strip with fur and suspends it from a clamp stand. She then rubs another polythene strip with fur and brings it up to the first strip. The two strips repel each other. Look at the following four statements:

P One of the strips is neutral, the other charged.Q The strips are both negatively charged.R The strips are both positively charged.S The strips are both neutral.

Which two of the above statements are false?

(A) P and Q

(B) Q and R

(C) R and S

(D) S and P

20 The work done in moving a unit positive charge across two points in an electric circuit is a measure of:

(A) current.

(B) potential difference.

(C) resistance.

(D) power.

End of Part A

2011 HALF YEARLY EXAMINATION

YEAR 11

Physics

Part B80 marks


Answer the questions in the spaces provided. These spaces provide guidance for the expected length of response.

Question 21 (3 marks)

Describe the energy transformations in ONE of the following:

(a) Mobile telephone

OR

(b) Fax/Modem

OR

(c) Radio and TV

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Waves are propagators of energy through a medium. Distinguish between transverse and longitudinal wave propagations of energy.

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Centre Number

Student Number


The graphs below are a record of the motion of a wave.

Use the graphs to find the wave’s:

(a) amplitude.

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(b) speed.

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Describe the principle of Superposition and compare the resulting wave to the original waves.

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Identify TWO different types of radiation that make up the electromagnetic spectrum. State one similarity and one difference between the two.

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Identify the electromagnetic wavebands filtered out by the atmosphere. Explain the importance of this for the Earth.

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(a) Complete the following diagrams to show the path(s) followed by light rays as they hit the following objects.

(b) For both (i) and (ii) above, state the name of the phenomena that is occurring at each object’s surface.

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Describe an example of how the following mirrors are utilised.

(a) Concave

(b) Convex

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(i)

(ii)


(a) Define the term refractive index.

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(b) A student was conducting an investigation to determine the refractive index of Perspex. A diagram of one pair of incident and refracted rays is shown below (diagram not to scale).

Angle is measured to be 60o, angle is measured to be 70.5o.

From this information calculate the refractive index of Perspex.

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(c) State the conditions necessary for total internal reflection.

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(d) Calculate the critical angle of the Perspex slab above.

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Perspex


The above diagram is a full scale sketch of a group of plane waves formed on the surface of water in a ripple tank. The waves are moving from left to right. The waves were produced by a wavemaker operating at 20 hertz.

(a) From the diagram find the value of the wavelength in the shallow water.

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(b) What is the speed of the waves in the shallow water? Show your working.

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The speed of the waves in the deep water is twice that for the shallow water.

(c) What is the frequency of the waves in the deep water?

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(d) On the diagram, accurately draw 3 more lines to represent the wave crests in the deep water.

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During your course you have carried out research to explain the physical principles related to waves, which are used in ONE of the following technologies:

Global Positioning System (GPS) CD DVD Internet (digital process)

Explain how you ensured that the information you collected was reliable.

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Describe an experimental method that could be used to determine whether a particular resistor R, obeys Ohm’s Law. As a part of the method, draw a diagram of the circuit you would use.

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5


(a) This question refers to the following diagram.

A small sphere carrying a positive charge of 0.5 x 10-6 C is placed in an electric field between two parallel plates as indicated in the diagram. The electric force is arranged to exactly oppose the gravitational force. A potential difference of 0.5 V is applied to hold the sphere stationary between the two plates.

(i) Which of the two plates must be negative?

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(ii) Sketch the shape of the electric field between the plates on the diagram above.

(iii) If the sphere has a mass of 1.02 x 10-6 kg, find the strength of the field.

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(b) Complete the following table. Show all your working.

Charge (C) Force (N) Field Strength (NC-1)

+6 x 10-6 1.5 x 10-3 south

1.5 x 10-3 east 1.5 x 10-3 west

+4.0 x 10-6 1.5 x 10-3 north

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Power Supply


The graph shows the results of an experiment where students measured the current through a resistor as the voltage across it was changed.

(a) What was the value of the resistor used?

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(b) If the equipment was left running for 5 minutes when the applied voltage was 4 volts, how much energy was used?

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(c) Describe how the length and cross sectional area of a conductor affect the movement of electricity through it.

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0 2 4 6 8 10

1.5

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0.5

0

Cur

ren

t (A

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Applied Voltage (V)


The table below shows some typical materials used in the home and their resistivity.

Material Resistivity m

Copper 1.78 x 10-8

Aluminium 3.21 x 10-8

Silver 1.64 x 10-8

Rubber 2 x 107

Carbon 5 x 10-5

Porcelain 3 x 1012

(a) Identify which of these materials are conductors and which are insulators.

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(b) What are the typical resistivity values of conductors?

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(c) What other factors beside resistivity might affect the choice of materials used as conductors?

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(d) Explain how conductors are different to insulators.

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List three factors that affect the resistance of a conductor. Explain how each factor affects the resistance of a conductor.

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(a) Referring to their ideas on ‘animal electricity’, assess whether Galvani or Volta contributed more to our understanding of electricity.

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(b) Outline the changes that have occurred in the main sources of domestic energy over time and assess the impacts of changes in our sources of domestic energy over time.

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year 11 physics hy 2011

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