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Question Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 Option 4 Option 5
66807 1.2 3.4 233
SWOT is an acronym for:
87 / 328 14 / 87 87 / 14 328 / 87
87 ÷ 328 14 / 87
Boundaries
Define
Validity Known risks Applicability All of above
In a six sigma process, there are ______defects per million opportunities
strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats
statistics without tables
sensory Weibull ordinal tools
success wields optimal teams
none of the above
There are 14 different defects that can occur on a completed time card. The payroll department collects 328 cards and finds a total of 87 defects. DPU =
87 / (328 × 14)
There are 14 different defects that can occur on a completed time card. The payroll department collects 328 cards and finds a total of 87 defects. DPMO =
87 ÷ (328 × 14)
87 / 14 .1,000,000
87*1,000,000 /(14*328)
A random sample of 2500 printed brochures is found to have a total of three ink splotches. The rate of ink splotches in PPM is:
1,000,000/(2500*3)
(2500/ 1,000,000)*3
(3/2500)*1,000,000
(3 *2500)/1,000,000
A business case of portion of a project charter would be likely to contain:
A summary of strategic reasons for the project
A problem or goal statement
Resources available to team.
Six sigma project methodologies normally begins with what initial step?
Problem definition
Project charter
Champion approval
Sampling plans are routinely selected based on their:
None of above
In the measurement of distance between 2 points, which of the following factors is LEAST likely to be influenced by the person making the measure?
Precision of measurement
Accuracy of measurement
Calibration of measurement
True distance between two points.
The primary factor in the successful implementation of six sigma is to have
The necessary resources
The support and leadership of top management
Explicit customer requirements
A comprehensive training program.
Mean Median Range
Median Mode Average
68% 95% 99.73% 80%
CTQs are defined by
A-B-D
All of above
Project scope helps to:
Business case Schedule
Interviews Surveys On-call meetings
Goal statement SIPOC Scope
All of above
All of above
Apart from the standard deviation what is the measure for variation
Process capability
Which if the following gets affected MOST by extreme values.
Standard deviation
For a perfectly normal distribution, how many % of data points should lie between +/- 2 standard deviations?
What does the letters in the acronym SIPOC stand for?
Define Supplier; Input; Procedure; Output; Customer
Supplier; Input; Process; Output; Customer
Select; Investigate; Proceed; Obey; Control
Select; Inspect; Process; Obey; Control
None of the above
Project Champion
Finance analyst
Company’s objective
The Project team keeping the Customer's view in mind
Which are the elements of a project charter?
Business Case & Problem Statement
Goal statement and project scope
Data collection plan
Project milestones
What are the key drivers of a project selection?
Voice of customer
Employee survey results
Business critical Ys
Customer satisfaction survey results
Identify team members
Identify the boundary of the project
Eliminate non-value adding activities
Scope value added activities
None of above
The CTQ for the customer was "Defect Free Delivery ". The Project team wants to improve this CTQ given by the customer. Which Project Y measure best reflects the CTQ?
Number of Customer Complaints
Number of Post Delivery Defects
CSS ratings on a survey
Cost involved in warranty Claims
None of above
Which among the following is NOT a part of Project Charter?
Scope statement
Goal statement
Operational definition
The most expensive VOC collection tool is
Customer complaints
In a Project Charter the boundaries of the project are given under which of the following option
Problem statement
Business case
CTQs are customer needs translated into critical process requirements that are:
Specific and measurable
Short and specific
Effective and efficient
None of above
Which of the following questions does the business case help answer:
Why is this project important to do?
Why is this important to do now?
What are the consequences of not doing it now?
None of above
A "Process" in a SIPOC is:
A SIPOC is used to :
customer CTQs Measures Customers
QFD Process Map FMEA Kano Model
Supplier Processor Manager Customer GB
QFD Feedback Escalations Observations Survey
Surveys Phone calls Interviews
Project Goal Project Scope Project Heading Timelines
All of the above
Interviews Surveys Focus Groups
Charter Run Chart SIPOC QFD
Define Interview Survey
the materials, resources or data required to produce an output
the internal or external recipient of a product or service
One that takes inputs, adds value and produces an output
Is the product or service produced
AS - IS Process map
Study variation in the process
Analyze root causes
Check for out of control situations
Demonstrate MSA
Finds out the major touch-points in current process
One of the deliverables of Define Phase
High Level Process Map
Root Cause identification
Solution Generation
Process Improvement
Pareto Chart
Process scope must include:
Value added & non-value added analysis
Process start and stop points
Project Risks are identified using
Cause & Effect Diagram
The key deliverables of the Define Phase in a Six Sigma project are:
Determine goals of your project and high level process map
Determine project CTQs
Both the above
None of the above
The recipient of the process output is
To learn what is important to customers, which VOC tool would you ideally choose:
Which is not a method for collecting VOC data
Personal Visits
Advertisement
Which of the following are not included in the project charter?
Tools to be used
Which of the following tools should be used to obtain Voice of the Customer data
Surveys, Interviews or Focus Groups
Customer Relation Complaints
Meetings with client
None of the above
Which of these is a quantitative VOC tool:
Weekly customer reviews
Customer steering committee meetings
Which of these tools is not likely to be used in the Define phase:
Least effective way of data gathering about customer information is:
Weekly reviews
Customer Complaint Data
None of the above
What are the two types of data you will encounter?
Variable and Special
Variable and Attribute
Variable and Common
Special and common
None of the above
VOC CTQ SIPOC Defect
Clear Output DPU TPO DPMO
Variance Median Span Range
House of Quality Covers
Defect density is an:- Discrete data
Customer Minitab Process
99.73 68 1 95 99966
Mean Median Mode Risk
Mean Median Sigma Level DPMO
When we translate Voice of Customer information into measurable characteristics, what is produced?
Operational Definition
How do we describe a CTQ to ensure consistent interpretation by more than one individual?
Using a Golden Rule
Using a Gage R&R
Using an Operational Definition
Using Pareto Principle
Clarifying it with Black Belt
Parts per million is also named commonly as:
Total Opportunities
Which one of the following is not a measure of variation (spread) in a distribution?
Customer requirements, product characteristics, competitive analysis
DOE, force field analysis, competitive analysis
Product characteristics, defect level, Sigma level
Customer requirements, field failure rate, MTBF
None of the above
The fundamental concept of Six Sigma is:
Emphasis on controlling the Output
Taking decisions based on feelings
All problems can be solved using DMAIC
Y = f(X) methodology
All of the above
Number of test cases failed in an:-
Continuous data
Discrete data
Continuous data
Specification Limits are specified by:
Control Limits Distribution of data
What percentage of data gets covered between +/- 1 Sigma on the normal curve?
The value occurring most frequently in a data set is:
Variable Data
The outcome of any Six Sigma project is to:
Reduce variation in the process
Shift process mean towards Target
Reduce Defects
Ensure Customer Satisfaction
All of the above
Which of these explains a "SPECIAL CAUSE" of variation?
These causes are inherent in the process
If these causes are present, the process is predictable
This is because of something specific and has a significant effect from these causes
Each of these contribute a specific & consistent part of the total variation
None of the above
The best measure of "Central Tendency" is:-
Standard Deviation
GE AMEX Motorola General Motors Toyota
DFSS stands for
50 32 40 10 60
40 10 32 20 60
Mean mode St DEV Range Kurtosis
CTQ stands for
CTQs are derived from Histogram Pie Chart
Broad or vague Very focused Can’t say It's Good
Broad or vague Very focused Can’t say It's Good
The goal of Six Sigma is to Center Process A & B A only not B
Pareto Histogram PFMEA Pie Chart
9 9.5 10 10.5 12
Binary Data Cannot Say
50,000 5,000 500 50 5
Which company adopted Six Sigma for the first time?
Defect For Six Sigma
Design for Six Sigma
Define For Six Sigma
Derived From Six Sigma
None of the above
Given the data set 10, 20, 20, 30, 40, 60. Calculate the Range
Given the data set 10, 20, 20, 20, 40, 60. Calculate Mode
Which of the following is highly dependent on extreme values
"I am always on hold or transferred to the wrong person" is a reply received from VOC. The specific Need statement would be
Add additional Menu item to your Voice system
Put an operator to answer calls round the clock
Customer gets the correct person the first time
Use e-mail instead of Phone
None of the above
Criteria Technology Quantity
Critical Terms to Quality
Critical to Quality
Chance to Quantify
Currency to Quantify
VOC Pareto Control Charts
Rate the following problem statement on how focused or broad it is. ”Late room service between 6.00AM and 8.00AM on weekdays at the Royal Palm Hotel”
Somewhat focused
Rate the following problem statement on how focused or broad it is. ”Poor service at the Royal Palm Hotel”
Somewhat focused
The goal of a six sigma program is to make the process
Capable & Stable
Cross functional
more Automated
more standardized
Next generation
Reduce Variation
None of the above
Tool used to map High level Process
Process flow Chart
For the data set "20,5,6,9,4,10,10,12,14,11,19,6,9,5,14,9", the median is:
Turnaround time would be an example of
Continuous Data
Discrete Data None of the above
There is 1000 LoC in a program. There are 5 such programs like this. In all 250 defects are found. Find the DPMO
Probability Six Sigma
Defects Defectives Opportunity Unit
Increase Decrease Remain Same Should be 1
8 and 11 9.5 and 12.5 9 and 12 10 and 11
5/4.2 4.2/5 8.2/8 13/12.4
99.73 68 1 95 99.966
Reproducibility Repeatability LC error Gauge error
Reproducibility Repeatability LC error Gauge error
Ignore
Normality testing is done to:
Check whether the data follows a normal distribution
Check whether the data is correct
Check for vital X's
Check the validity of measurement system
None of the above
A branch of applied statistics dealing with planning, conducting, analyzing, and interpreting controlled tests to evaluate the factors that control the value of a parameter or group of parameters:
Random Experiment
Design of Experiments
Hypothesis Testing
Which among these is example of continuous data?
Name of people in a forum
Number of employees in a office
Defect severity
Cycle time for testing
Test case passing criteria
A software has 100 LOC. These 100 lines are:
Sample Size
After the improvement is made the Std. Dev. Is expected to:
Depends upon the defect definition
Calculate the control limits from below data:- Mean = 11; Sigma = 0.5
None of above
If the control limits of a process is 8.2 (LCL) and 12.4(UCL) and the specification limits are 8 and 13; what Would be the process capability?
None of above
What percentage of data gets covered between +/- 2 Sigma on the normal curve?
Measurement variation due to operators is also called as:-
None of above
Measurement variation due to gauge is also called as:-
None of above
A typical action after Run chart shows “7 or more points in a row continuously increasing or continuously decreasing indicate a trend” would be:
Find out if measurement device is stuck.
Find out what was different about the process during that time
Stop collecting data
Ignore
Pareto Rule states that
USL LSL All of the Above
Z value
FMEA stands for
Failure Effects is defined as
A typical action after Run chart shows “A sequence of 7 or more points having the same value” would be:
Find out if measurement device is stuck.
Find out what was different about the process during that time
Stop collecting data
80% of problems are due to 20% causes?
80% of causes are due to 20% problems?
80% of work is done by 20% of people?
None of the above?
In a control chart when a data point falls beyond UCL it signifies
Process out of control?
Process under control?
Both a and b is true?
None of the above?
Which of the following are types of Specification Limits
Both USL and LSL
Which of the following is the correct definition of repeatability
Difference between different readings of same operator
Difference between different readings of multiple operators
Difference between same readings of multiple operators
Average of difference readings of same operator
Which of the following is the correct definition of reproducibility
Same part measured by more than one operator with same instrument
Same part measured by more than one operator with different instrument
Different parts measured by more than one operator with same instrument
Different parts measured by more than one operator with different instrument
Which of the following is not the attribute of Measurement System Analysis?
Continuous Gage R&R
Discrete Gage R&R
Repeatability and Reproducibility
Which of the following options is not correct?
Gage R&R fails for Repeatability
Gage R&R fails for Reproducibility
Gage R&R fails for both repeatability and reproducibility
Gage R&R fails for Linearity
Which of the following is not the correct application of Process Mapping Tool
To eliminate redundant activities
Document improved process
Identify X variables
Investigate errors done by people
Failure Mode and Effect Analyse
Failure Mode and Effect analysis
Failure Method and Effect Analyse
Failure Method and Effect Analysis
All possible types of failure
Impact of failure mode
Severity of failure mode
Occurrence of failure mode
Which of the following options is true
Mean is a measure of Spread
Mean is a measure of variance
Mean is a measure of range
None of the above
DPMO stands for
Both a and b
RPN stands for
Opportunity Defect Variable Attribute
Define Measure Analyze Improve Control
Pareto Chart Scatter Diagram Run Chart
Increase Remain same Flactuate Reduce
Which of the following is the correct definition of process capability
The ability of a current process to meet customers requirement
The ability of the designed process to meet customers requirement
The future ability of a process to meet customers requirement
Defect per monthly opportunity
Defective per monthly opportunity
Defect per million opportunity
None of the above
Which of the following is the correct objective of sampling
To draw conclusions about population based on a sample
Shortcut to complete six sigma project
None of the above
Which of the following is not the right reason to do sampling
Collecting all data is impractical
Collecting all data is not feasible in destructive testing
Is not possible to collect all data in process industry
Sampling is only way of completing six sigma project
The three types of ratings (used to calculate the RPN) for a FMEA are:
Criticality, RPN, Severity
Criticality, Severity, RPN
RPN, Criticality, Severity
Severity, Occurrence, detectability
Does not matter; Higher number wins.
Pareto Principle suggests that:
80% reasons cause 20% problems
All reasons for critical for improvement
Data focus is more important than process focus
20% reasons cause 80% of the problems
Read Post Reciept
Risk Process Negotiation
Risk Priority Number
Risk Process Numerics
Road Path Navigation
Any product characteristic that deviates outside of specification limits is:
Standard Deviation.
In which of the phase of DMAIC would you find the Root Cause of the problem?
The charting of a data set in which most of the data points are concentrated around the average (mean), thus forming a bell-shaped curve
Standard Deviation
Normal Distribution
Which of these is not a form of sampling?
Random Sampling
Stratified Random Sampling
Segmented Random Sampling
Rational Sub grouping
Systematic Sampling
A risk has detectibility as 1. It means:
Detection is easy
Detection is tough
Detection is impossible
Noting can be infered
None of the above.
Once mitigation action on FMEA has been taken the RPN should
Customer Minitab Process
Mean Median Mode Risk
All of the above.
money all of the above
Discrete data
VOC CTQ SIPOC Defect
An Overseer
In Y = f (X), X is
6 3
Specification Limits are specified by:
Control Limits Distribution of data.
The value occurring most frequently in a data set is:
Variable Data
The Company is spending lot of time in correcting and paying warranty costs for Post Delivery Defects. Which is an example of Continuous data if we have to correct the situation?
No. of tasks with Zero Post Delivery Defects
No. of tasks with 0 - 5 , 5 - 10 , 10- 15 defects
No. of post delivery defects in each task
Which of these explains a "SPECIAL CAUSE" of variation?
These casues are inherent in the process
If these causes are present, the process is predictable
This is because of something specific and has a significant effect from these causes
Each of these contribute a specific & consistent part of the total variation
None of the above.
Which of this is NOT a correct statement?
If DPMO increases, Sigma Level goes down
If Process Mean shifts towards Target, Yield decreases
If variation increases, Sigma Level goes down
If Yield increases, Defect Rate goes down
None of the above
Your choice of VOC tool depends on:
Time constraints
Size of Population
none of the above.
Measuring downtime of an application is an example of:
Continuous data
When we translate Voice of Customer information into measurable characteristics, what is it?
Operational definition.
The Black Belt's role in coaching the team can be best described as:
A non-supportive role that assures complete success
Coach, teacher, helper and supporter
Assessing team work
Dependent, Cause, Control
Independent, Problem, Effect
Independent, Cause, Problem
Dependent, Symptom, Output
_______ no. of standard deviations can be fitted between the mean & Specification Limits for a 6 Sigma Process
Can be determined only if both USL & LSL are specified
Cannot be determined
The primary objective of the Business Case is to
highlight the problem / failure to the Management
explain why it is important to work on this project.
explain the business opportunities to the Management
get necessary funds allocated for the new projects.
i, ii, iii, iv i, iii, ii, iv iii, ii, i, iv i, iv, iii, ii
As DPMO goes down
i,ii, iv, iii ii, iv, iii, i iv, iii, ii, i iv, i, ii, iii
Run charts Scatter plot Fish bone diagram
all the above
Pareto Chart uses Discrete data Either a or b Both a and b
Purpose of FMEA tool is
Definition & prioritization of CTQs can be effectively accomplished in the following sequence: 1) Collect VOC Data2)Targeting of customers3)Customer Segmentation4)Translation of VOC into specific needs
Process Capability goes up
Process Capability goes down
Process Capability can either go up or go down
None of the above
The correct sequence of execution for the Analyze phase is 1)VA - NVA analysis of "AS IS" process2)Understanding & descibe the variation3)Narrowing down to the root casues4)Identification of all possible causes
Variation caused due to special cause can be distinguished using
Pareto diagram
Normally distributed data indicates that
there is no process variation
the process is centered
the data set is under the influence of common causes
Find the Mean, Median for the following data set2, 5, 10, 12, 15, 20, 30, 25, 50, 55, 40, 60
Mean = 27, Median = 20
Mean = 27, Median = 22.5
Mean = 22,5, Median = 25
Mean = 27, Median = 27
Continuous data
5 Why method is one of the methods to do the
Root Cause Analysis
Cost Benefit Analysis
Pay-Off Matrix
None of the above
Control Limits and Specification Limits
are never equal to each other
some times equal to each other
are always equal to each other
are interchangable
to improve the quality, reliability and safety of the evaluated products
to help prioritize improvement efforts
to help prioritize and focus on eliminating product and process concerns and/or
helps prevent problems from occuring
all the above
Any of the above
i, ii, iii ii, iii, iv i, ii, iv i, ii, iii, iv
Variable Data Attribute Data
Pareto Chart Scatter Plot
As DPMO goes down
Process analysis all the above
What is a CTQ? The input of a process
A tool to identify sources of variation
A customer’s requirement which is converted into a product or service characteristic
A tool used to gather and understand customer needs
The primary objective of Six Sigma Methodology is
To achieve process centering & reduce process variation
To establish relationship between various process elements
To improve the process
Which of the following statements is true with respect to Project Charter1)Project Charter is a time-bound document2)Project Charter sets the expection for the team3)Project Charter keeps the team aligned with organizational objectives4)Project Charter clearly specifies the problem statement & the scope of the project
Which of the following statements is true :
Continuous data is not capable of being meaningfully subdivided into more precise increments.
The normal distribution is used with continuous data
The normal distribution is used with discrete data.
Discrete data is capable of being meaningfully subdivided into more precise increments.
Which of the following data types can be subdivided into more precise increments
Both of the above
None of the above
Graphical representation of vital few v/s trivial many is called
Cause & Effect Diagram
Affinity Diagram
Process Capability goes up
Process Capability goes down
Process Capability can either go up or go down
None of the above
allows deep investigation into the process
reveals the utilization of time & resource by the process
helps in finding out redundancies, inefficiencies, bottlenecks & delays
all the above
all the above
Discrete data Variable data Both a & b
Variation in a process
Response plan Error proofing All the above
Pilot is
Process stability
i, ii, iii, iv i, iii, iv, v i, ii, iii, iv i, iii, iv, vi
Scatter plot Check sheet Process map
Gage R & R
Pugh Matrix Pareto Chart
Histogram Run Chart Scatter Plot Box Plot
Scatter diagram is a tool used for
analysis of data collected over a period of time
trending purpose
finding out the relationship between Ys & Xs
Process Map analysis helps finding out
value added work
non-value added work
value enabling work
Calculation of DPMO is applicable is applicable in case of
None of the above
occurs only due to common causes
occurs only due to special causes
occurs due to a combination of common causes & special causes
none of the above
A process can be effectively controlled by implementing
100 % inspection
a test of all or part of a proposed solution on a large scale
a test of all or part of a proposed solution on a small scale
a test of all or part of a solution on a small scale
a test of all or part of a solution on a large scale
Sigma is a statistical unit of measure for representing
Process capability
Process variation
Process centering
Define Phase in a DMAIC Methodology is characterized byBusiness CaseDesigning of check sheetMilestonesEstablish Project YUnderstanding variationProcess mapping
____________ is used for organizing & grouping of data
Affinity diagram
Variation in measurement obtained when one operator uses the same measurement process
Gage Reproducibility
Gage Repeatability
Gage Reliability
Mapping the Wants to Needs and thus arriving at prioritization Xs is done through
Affinity Diagram
Process Capability Analysis
__________ is a sequential time series plot of data which provides some statistical analysis data
Variation in a process
All the above
Key benefit of the Piloting all the above
occurs only due to common causes
occurs only due to special causes
occurs due to a combination of common causes & special causes
none of the above
Techniques used for sub-process mapping
Process flow chart
Alternate path method
Cross-functional map
reducing the risk of failure
increase in opportunity for feedback
refining the implementation plan
Which of the following tools should be used when a team is generating and prioritizing a list of options that include highly controversial issues?
Brainstorming Affinity diagrams
Nominal group technique
5 whys
The primary factor in the successful implementation of six sigma is to have
the necessary resources
the support and leadership of top management
explicit customer requirements
a comprehensive training program
Which of the following tools would be most appropriate for collecting data to study the symptoms of a problem?
Check sheet Flow diagram
Force-field analysis
Activity network diagram
Positional, cyclical, and temporal variations are most commonly analyzed in
SPC charts multi-vari charts
cause and effect diagrams
run charts
The most important aspect of functional requirements is that they describe a single, measurable performance describe how a product or service should operate be traceable to the voice of the customer provide upper and lower performance limits Which of the following control charts is most appropriate for monitoring the number of defects on different sample sizes?
u np c p
Which of the following is most important in evaluating and understanding design intent?
Identifying the functional requirement
Brainstorming failure modes
Conducting computer simulations
Developing FMEA
If a process follows an exponential distribution with a mean of 25, what is the standard deviation for the process?
0.4 5.0 12.5 25.0
Which of the following activities is value-added?
Setup Process Storage Inspection
A black belt plans to test the performance of workers before and after training. Which of the following hypothesis tests should be used to determine whether the training actually improved the workers’ performance?
2-sample z test
2-sample t test
Paired t test F test
The purpose of using control charts is to
determine if a process is performing within specifications
evaluate process performance over time
determine how to recreate the process
detect the causes of nonconformities
Data being used in the initial set-up of a process are assumed to have a normal distribution. If the nominal (target) is set at the center of the distribution, and the specification limits are set at ±3σ from the center, then the Cpk is equal to
–0.25 1.00 1.33 1.67
Which of the following is defined as continuous, incremental improvement?
Kanban Kaizen JIT Kaikaku
To assess the significance of factors in either a fractional- or a full-factorial experiment structure, a black belt can use
analysis of variance (ANOVA)
fault tree analysis (FTA)
failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA)
evolutionary operation (EVOP)
Which of the following performance measures is most appropriate for evaluating the tangible effects of a six sigma project?
Cycle time Team member absentee rate
Employee morale
Unsolicited compliments from customers
Which of the following is the best way to enhance the long-term availability of a machine?
Machine repair
Total productive maintenance
Computerized SPC systems
Increased operator training
Typically, which of the following activities is done earliest in the formation of a project team?
Select the team
Identify the objective
Identify the sponsor
Allocate the resources
A black belt is developing a failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) for the hamburger preparation station in a fast-food restaurant. The following ratings were developed for the low-heat temperature failure mode. Severity = 9Occurrence = 2Detection = 1What is the risk priority number (RPN) for this FMEA?
4 6 12 18
Which of the following statements is true about the theory of constraints?
It views a system in terms of discrete processes.
Most constraints are physical.
Most constraints are the result of policies.
It focuses on continuous improvement.
Which of the following describes the 95% confidence interval of a 20% absentee rate in a department with 30 people?
6% to 34% 8% to 32% 13% to 27% 17% to 23%
Which of the following types of variation is LEAST likely to occur in sequential repetitions of a process over a short period of time?
Cyclical Positional Temporal Seasonal
Poka-yoke is best defined as
improving machine efficiency
reducing field failures to virtually zero
capturing the voice of the customer
preventing controllable defects
A measurement system analysis is designed to assess the statistical properties of
gage variation process performance
process stability
engineering tolerances
Which of the following best describes a controlled variable whose influence on a response is being studied?
Replicate Version Level Factor
For a process, = 35.0 and σ = 5.00. If the subgroup size is n = 5, what is the value for the upper control limit for the process?
37.24 37.89 41.71 52.50
Mathematically, the LEAST informative of the four measurement scales is
ratio nominal ordinal interval
A six sigma project to reduce billing statement expenses has shown the need to hire two additional mailroom clerks. Based on this information, which of the following metrics should be used to measure the financial benefits of the project?
Cost of poor quality
Return on investment
Net present value
Internal rate of return
A tree diagram can be used to do which of the following?
Allow a team to identify root causes even when no credible data exist
Show a causality relationship
Present data from a check sheet
Reveal the true level of a problem’s complexity
Which of the following terms is used to describe the risk of a type I error in a hypothesis test?
Power Confidence level
Level of significance
Beta risk
Which of the following is a component of a visual factory?
Product specifications
Zero defect policies
Just-in-time policies
Equipment service manuals
When σ = 10, what sample size is needed to specify a 95% confidence interval of ±3 units from the mean?
7 11 32 43
Which of the following is the best technique for improving the precision of a designed experiment when the experimental material is not homogeneous?
Blocking Confounding
Randomization
Fractionalizing
After the major headings of a tree diagram have been broken into greater detail, what is the next step that should be taken?
Assemble the right team
Review the diagram for logical flow and completeness
Revise the problem statement
Choose the tree diagram goal statement
A six sigma team has been formed to improve an existing process. Which of the following tools should the team use first to gain a clear understanding of the current process?
Flowchart Pareto chart Process FMEA
Latin square DOE
A store uses signs at specific points in its storage area to indicate when products need to be ordered. This practice is an example of
kanban poka-yoke checkpoints hoshin
A method that changes data without significantly reducing accuracy or precision is known as
bias adjustment
statistical efficiency
blocking coding
A company’s accounts payable department is trying to reduce the time between receipt and payment of invoices. If the team has just completed a flowchart of the process and identified the critical steps, which of the following tools should be used next?
Fishbone diagram
Scatter diagram
Box and whisker plot
Histogram
When a team consists of five black belts and eight quality engineers, how many unique meetings could be held consisting of one black belt and two quality engineers?
40 80 140 280
The primary reason that most companies implement six sigma is to
reduce defects improve processes
improve profit
increase customer satisfaction
For consumer products, an increase in the percentage of returned goods most likely equates to an increase in
product not meeting specifications
end-user dissatisfaction
internal reject rates
nonconforming material costs
Legal requirements specify that a bottled product must contain at least the volume printed on the label. A bottling company wants to reduce the amount of overfilled bottles. On the basis of the data above, what is the most effective strategy to accomplish this task?
Decrease the target fill volume only
Decrease the target fill variation only
First decrease the target fill volume, then decrease the target fill variation
First decrease the target fill variation, then decrease the target fill volume
Both a and b Both b and c Both a and c
Define
In measurement system analysis, which of the following pairs of data measures is used to determine total variance?
Process variance and reproducibility
Noise system and repeatability
Measurement variance and process variance
System variance and bias
Which of the following tools is used extensively in quality function deployment (QFD)?
Affinity diagram
Matrix diagram
Cause and effect diagram
Activity network diagram
What is Design for Six SigmaChoose Your Answer： a) A methodology for designing or redesigning products,services, or processesb) A alternate way to plan for a Six Sigma DMAIC initiativec) A natural progression to continually root out hidden dollars to the bottom line
None of the above
A commonly reported problem associated with Six Sigma projects deals with:
A failure to complete any project charter documentation
A desire to complete projects on time
A requirement that projects must be $100,000 in value
A lack of business impact for the company
The Pareto chart is a widely used quality tool and its principles have been used in many projects. Which of the following is an appropriate application of a pareto chart?
A frequency based ranking of categories
An alphabetic based ranking of categories
A critically weighted ranking of categories
A financially weighted ranking of categories
With what initial step does Six Sigma project methodology normally begins?
Problem Definition
Project charter
Champion's Approval
Which table would you use to determine the confidence interval of the mean for sample size of 100 and standard deviation of 3:
t distribution table
z distribution table
chi-square distribution table
F distribution table
Delighters Dissatisfiers Satisfiers
Floor level A detailed level
Matrix Response Interaction Factor
Only if you had a much smaller sample like 5 or 15, and did not know the standard deviation, you would use the 't' table instead of the 'z' table. A customer satisfaction tool known as Kano Model is used for analysing customer requirements. Which of the following is not considered a kano model category:
Moments of truth
KANO model is an indicator of customer satisfaction and helps the organization in understanding the appropriate customer satisfaction level. The organization should however be aware that the Kano model CAN NOT:
Analyze customer needs and requirements
Determine the basic satisfiers for the customer
Meet the latent requirements for the customer
Detemine when the customer levels have risen
The process map known as SIPOC(suppliers,Inputs, Process, Outputs, Customers) provides team members with an understanding of the process. It is a view of the process taken at:
A very high level
The customers prespective
What is a project charter? Identify which ever correct.
A description of the business need addressed by the project
The product that will be produced by the project, that is, characteristics of the value (product or service) that the project will create
The relationship between the business need and the product.
All the above None of the above
A(n) ____________ is when there is an effect on Y while varying two or more Xs at the same time?
Control Chart Six Sigma
Sample Population
Sample Size Attribute Data Discrete Data Variable Data
What does SIPOC stand for?
FMEA is used in Improve phase Measure phase Analysis phase
scatter plot normality plot box plot control chart
An improvement process in which a company measures its performance against that of best-in-class companies, determines how those companies achieved their performance levels, and uses the information to improve its own performance.
Benchmarking
Cause and Effect Diagram
For a set of data, the average squared deviation from the mean, with a denominator of n-1.
Sample Variance
Normal Distribution
Countable observations, for example, number of defects.
In order for a problem to be solved correctly, which of the following must occur first?
The problem must be defined.
Relevant data must be gathered.
The measurement system must be validated.
The process must be mapped.
Which of the following measures can be used to find a quick approximation of the availability of a system?
Mean time to failure (MTTF) and mean time to repair (MTTR)
Failure rate and failure mode
Mission time and failure rate
Downtime and time to repair
Suppliers, Input, Process, Output, and Corporate
Stakeholders, Input, Process, Output, and Customers
Suppliers, Input, Policies, Output, and Customers
Suppliers, Input, Process, Output, and Customers
any of the DMAIC phases
Graphical representations of the variation in a process over time is referred as
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