za~en amirka 2012 jama'a zasu yanke hukunci

Za~en Amirka 2012

• Masu Za~en Shugaban {asa• Bu}atun [an Takara• Taron Jam’iyyu• [aukar Nauyin Kamfe• Tasirin Kafafen Ya]a Labarai

(Zul-Hajj 1433 / Sha’awal 1434) Oktoba zuwa Nuwamba 2012

Sifili 19 Lamba 2

Jama'a Zasu Yanke Hukunci

Magama | Za~en 2012 A Amirka 2

Agazawa don ha~akar iskar gas da abubuwan ci gaba a Nijeriya shi ne

kan gaba da hukumar ci gaban kasuwanci ta }asar Amirka (USTDA), ke da burin cimmawa, shi ya sanya ta kwanan nan ta taimaka wa kamfanin iskar gas da hasken wutar lantarki mai suna Oando da ku]i. Ma}asudin taimakon ku]in, shi ne don a gudanar da bincike na yiwuwar samun iskar gas mai tarin yawa a Jihar Legas saboda yawan hanyoyin bututun iskar gas da ke Nijeriya.

Sababbin abubuwan ci gaban don samar da iskar gas ]in, sun ha]a da gina tashoshin shan iskar gas a wurare daban-daban a Jihar Legas da abubuwan

Taimakon Ku]i Daga {asar Amirka Don Tabbatar Da Rarraba Makamashi A Nijeriya

gyaran motoci. Har ila yau, binciken zai samar da dokoki da yadda za a gudanar da al’amura da suka dabaibaye ci gaba.

“Kammala wannan aiki zai taka muhimmiyar rawa a }o}arin da gwamnatin Nijeriya ke yi don fa]a]a kasuwancin iskar gas a cikin gida,” in ji }aramin Jakada Jeffrey Hawkins.

“Wannan sabon abu ne da USTDA ke ]aukar nauyi, na tattare da ganin cewar }asar Amirka ta samu hanyar shigo da kayayyaki da ayyuka da kuma ha~aka dangantakar kasuwanci tsakanin ma’aikatun Amirka da manyan kamfanonin iskar gas na Nijeriya.”

An sanya hannun ne na taimakon ku]i da dalar Amirka

dubu 494,000 a }aramin ofishin jakadanci na Amirka da ke Legas, wanda }aramin jakadan Amirka, Jeffrey Hawkins a madadin hukumar USTDA da kuma Babban Shugaban kamfanin “Oando Gas and Power,” Mobolaji Osunsanya.

Shi kamfanin “Oando Gas and Power,” shi ne kemfani mafi girma na rarraba iskar gas wanda ya kai tsawon mil 62 na bututun, a yanzu haka a Jihar Legas da kuma na wani bututun mai tsawon mil 80 da ake ginawa.

Kamfanin ya gano wasu hanyoyin da za a ha~aka iskar gas domin samun tsaftar taccen

Daga shafi na 23


Zuwa ga Makaranta Mujallar Magama, Yanzu haka a }asar Amirka muna tsakiyar wani

babban al’amari, wato kamfe na neman kujerar Shugaban {asa wanda ‘yan takarar ke bin juna }ut da }ut. Har ila yau, akwai wasu takarar na zuwa majalisun tarayya da na dattawa, da na gwamna da kuma }ananan hukumomi. Magama a wannan

karon za ta fuskanci hanyoyin da Amirka ke bi wajen gudanar da za~u~~ukan. Za mu duba hanyoyin gudanar da za~en da yadda ya samo asali da yadda ya zama kariya ga duk Ba’-Amirken da ya kai shekara 18 zuwa sama domin samun damar yin za~e.

Gudanar da za~e cikin gaskiya da adalci, shi ne ginshi}in mulkin dimokura]iyya. Mutane na za~e ne saboda shugabanni su kasance wa]anda za su gyara rayuwar al’umma don gaba. Dalilin haka ne ya sanya cewa za~e na bai wa al’umma }warin gwiwa; saboda yana ba su damar zamantowa masu tasiri ga yadda ake gudanar da gwamnati don kyautata rayuwa ta gaba . Za~e kan bai wa al’umma damar samun amsa game da yadda za~a~~u ke gudanar da }asarsu, lamarin da ke sanyawa a tabbatar da gaskiya game da yadda jami’an gwamnati ke gudanar da dukiyoyin jama’a.

Ga wa]anda suke da sha’awar tarihi kuwa, }asar Amirka ta fara gudanar da mulki irin na za~a~~u ko dimokura]iyya ne tun lokacin da aka }ir}iro }asar, sannan ake mayar da shi doka a tsarin mulkin Amirka na shekarar 1788. Za~en shugaban }asa na shekarar 2012 a ranar 6 ga watan

Nuwamba, zai kasance cikin ci gaba na irin wannan tsari.

Mai karatu zai karanta wani al’amari mai muhimmanci game da abota ko }awance da ke tsakanin tsofaffin ‘yan Nijeriya da suka halarci wani shiri na musaya da gwamnatin }asar Amirka ke ]aukar nauyi da kuma irin gudunmawar da suka baiwa unguwanninsu da kuma }arfafa dangantakar da ke tsakanin Amirka da Nijeriya.

Kwanan nan, Imam Fu’ad Adeyemi na makarantar Islamiyya ta Alhababiya ya zamanto mutumin farko da ya samu lambar yabo ta Jakadan Amirka kan ayyukan jin}ai a lokacin da aka gudanar da taron dukkan tsofaffin da suka halarci }asar Amirka, }ar}ashin gwamnatin }asar, a Abuja. Da]in da]awa, ‘yan Nijeriya su 8 da suka mi}a takardar neman agajin ku]i, sun samu wannan agaji daga }aramin ofishin Jakadanci domin gudanar da }ananan ayyuka a Nijeriya. Irin wannan }awance ko abota tsakanin mutane na }arfafa dam}on zumunci tsakanin Amirka da Nijeriya.

Ina tunanin cewar za ku amince da ni, wannan mujalla ta Magama na ]aya daga cikin mujallu muhimmanci - A yi karatu lafiya.

Ambasada Terence P. McCulley.

Abubuwan Da Ke Ciki

Terence P. McCulleyJakadan Amirka A Nijeriya

Sa}

on J

akada

Ana bugawa duk bayan wata biyu daga ofishin hul]a da Jama’a na Jakadancin

Amirka da ke Nijeriya. A rubuto duk wata wasi}a zuwa ga; Edita, sashin hul]a da Jama’a,

Ofishin Jakadancin Amirka a Nijeriya, Gida Mai Lamba 1075, Titin Harkokin

Jakadanci,Yankin Tsakiyar Babban Birnin Tarayya, Abuja, Nigeria.

Lambar tarho: (09) 461-4000. Fax: 09-461 4305

OFISHINMU NA LEGAS {aramin Ofishin Jakadancin Amirka, Sashen Hul]a da Jama’a, Lamba 2, Titin Broad Street.

Akwatin Gidan Waya, P.O. Box 554, Legas, Nijeriya. Wayar Tarho, 01-2632577, 2634868,

2633395. Yanar-Gizo, [email protected] ko a shiga http://Nijeriya.usembassy.gov.

MA’AIKATAN WALLAFA MUJALLAMELISSA G. FORD

(Babban Jami’ar Hul]a da Jama’a), DEHAB GHEBREAB (Jami’ar Hul]a Da

Jama’a) SANI MOHAMMED (Edita)ISHAKA ALIYU (Mai Ba Da Shawara

Game Da Wallafawa)

Taimakon Ku]i Daga {asar Amirka Don Tabbatar Da Rarraba Makamashi A Nijeriya 2Jama’a Ke Da Ikon Za~en Shugaban }asa Na Gaba 4Masu Za~en Shugaban }asa 5 Ka Ko Sani? 6 ’Yan Takara 7 Taimakawa Matasan Arewa Da kayayyakin Aiki 8 Tsohuwar [aliba Ta Samu Lambar Yabo 10 Tsohon [alibin Musayar Horo Na Gwamnatin Amirka Ya Kar~i Lambar Yabo Kan Inganta Rayuwar Bil-Adama 12 Shirin Bayar Da Horo Don Tsayar Da Ya]uwar Ciwon Shan Inna (N.stop) Shirin horarwa: Ha]in Gwiwa Don Hana Ya]uwar Cutar Shan Inna A Nijeriya 13 Fasahar Kimiyyar Zamani Na Taimakawa Wajen Samar da Abinci Mai Kyau 15 Amfani Da Abu Mai Rai Na Taimakawa Wajen Bayani Kan Shirin Tallafa Wa Matasan Shugabannin Afirka 16 Tattaunawa Game Da 'Yancin Maza masu Tarawa Da Maza Da kuma Mata Masu Tarawa Da Mata 'Yan'uwansu 18Batun Ma]igo Da Luwa]i Da Kuma Saduwa Da Masu Saduwa Da Maza Da Mata 19


BABBAN LABARI

Jama’a Ke Da Ikon Za~en

Ana gudanar da za~e ne a }asar Amirka a duk

shekarun da ba mara ba da ma, na ofisoshin ‘yan majalisu da na }ananan hukumomi. Sauran za~uka na jihohi ana yin su ne a shekaru masu mara.

A duk bayan shekara hu]u Amirkawa na za~en shugaban }asa da mataimakinsa. A duk bayan shekara biyu, Amirkawa na za~en ‘yan majalisar wakilai su 435 da kuma za~en a}alla ]aya bisa uku daga cikin mambobi ]ari na ‘yan majalisar dattijai. Sanatoci kuma na yin wa’adin shekaru 6 a lokaci daban-daban.

{asar Amirka ta dogara ne kan gwamnati mai sar}a}iya na tarayya, inda akwai gwamnatin tarayya a tsakiya, jihohi da }ananan hukumomi na cin gashin kai a kan batutuwan da ba su shafi gwamnatin tarayya ba. Jihohi da }ananan hukumomi na da }arfin ‘yancin kai daban-daban ta yadda suke gudanar da za~e a nasu hurumi, sai dai suna gudanar da za~en a yanayi mai kyau.

Irin Za~u~~ukan Da Ake Yi A Amirka

Za~u~~uka guda biyu ne a Amirka, akwai za~en fitar da gwani da kuma za~en gari baki ]aya. Ana gudanar da za~en fitar da gwani ne domin a tsayar da ]an takara na za~en gama-gari.

Duk ]an takarar da ya yi nasara a za~en fitar da gwani, shi ne zai wakilci Jam’iyyarsa a za~en gama-gari

(tana yiwuwa akwai wasu }ananan matakai kafin jam’iyya ta amince musu).

Tun cikin }arni na 20, za~en fitar da gwani na daga cikin hanya mafi sau}i da ake bi don fitar da ]an takara.

Shugaban {asa Na Gaba

CROSSROADS | February/March 2012 5

A wani hali mawuyaci, nasara a za~en fitar da gwani ke sanyawa jam’iyya ke tsayar da ]an takara don gudanar da za~en gama-gari. A wasu jihohin }alilan, ana za~en ]an takara ne a taron jiha ko }aramar hukuma, maimakon za~en fitar da gwani, ko don al’ada ko kuma za~in jam’iyyun siyasa.

Da zarar an kammala za~en fitar da gwani, sai a gudanar da za~en gama-gari don sanin wanda zai ]are kujerar mulki. A za~en gama-gari masu jefa }uri’a su ke da damar gudanar da za~en }arshe tsakanin

‘yan takara na jam’iyyu a jerin ‘yan takara da aka sanya a takardar jefa }uri’a.

‘Yan takarar masu zaman kansu ko kuma Indifenda na iya takara a za~en gama-gari, sai dai irin wa]annan ‘yan takara sai sun samu sanya hannu na koke na wasu al’umma masu yawa, maimakon bin salon za~en fitar da gwani kamar yadda al’adar za~e ta tanadar.

Har ila yau, a wasu jihohin ana iya samar da gurbi a takardar za~en, inda za a rubuta sunayen ‘yan takarar da basu da jami’yya da kuma babu wanda suka

tsaya musu ta hanyar koke. Irin wa]annan ‘yan takara an ace musu “‘yan takarar da suka za~i kansu” kuma sukan yi nasara a za~e lokaci zuwa lokaci.

A }asar Amirka za~e ya kunshi wasu abubuwa, ban da za~en mutanen da za su ]are kujerar mulki. A wasu jihohin da }ananan hukumomi akan yi za~e a kan wani doka da ake son gabatarwa don mutane su amince ko kuma su }i amincewa da dokar.

Irin matakan da ke sanyawa a tuntu~i masu }uri’a daga ‘yan majalisu ko kuma }ananan hukumomi, – za~en raba

IDAN Amerikawa Suka zabi shugaban }asa da mataimakimsa hakika sun

gudanar da za~en shugaban }asa, wadda a dun}ule ake kira ‘’masu za~en shugaban }asa wa]annan za~a~~un jama’a ne ke za~en manyan masu gudanar da lamura za~en.

Kundin tsarin mulki ya baiwa kowace jiha daidai adadin masu za~e wa]anda suka kunshi jimilar sanatoci da ‘yan majalisar wakilai. A halin yanzu yawan wadanan wakilai a ko wace jiha sun fara ne daga 3 zuwa 55 jimila ya kama 538. Kowa na da dammar zamewa mai alhakin za~e, banda ‘yan majalisu da kuma masu rike da ofis da aka

amincewa ko wuri da ake samun riba. Aduk shekaran za~e shugaban }asa, jam,iyyu ke d a alhakin samar da masu za~en su daga kowace jiha,a lokacin baban taron jam’iyyu. Wa]annan sune masu za~en ‘yan takara a ranar talata bayan litinin ]in farko na watan Nuwmba a maimakon wa]anda aka tsayar don takarar shugaban }asa da mataimakinsa. Akasarin jihohi masu za~e na kada kuri’a ]aya wa shugaban }asa da mataimakinsa wadda jam’iyya ta yi wa alkawari.

Duk wanda ya samu kuri’a mafi rinjaye shi aka za~a, lamarin da ake nufi da cewar shi ya lashe dukkan kuri’un. Jihohin Maine da Nebraska na amfani da tsarin za~en shiyya ne inda ake za~en ‘yan takara biyu a fa]in jiha a kuma za~i mutum

]aya a maza~ar shiyya. Masu za~en na taruwa a jihohin su ranar litinin bayan ranar laraba na biyu a watan disamba.

Sukan ]auki alkawari amma ba a sa tasmmanin su za~i ‘yan takarar da suke wakilta. Awai kuri’a na daban da ake za~en shugaban }asa da mataimakin sa daga nan sai wanan tsari na masu alhakin za~en shgaban }asa ya dakat har sai bayan wasu shekaru hudu. Ana kirga kuri’u da kuma bayana sakamako a majalisi na hadin gwiwa a ranar 6 ga want janairu nashekra mai kamawa.

Ana bukatar kuri’un da suka yi rinjaye zai lashe za~en. Ana bukatar mai kuri’u 270 cikin 538 ne zai yi rinjaye. v

Masu Alhakin Za~en Shugaban {asa; Yadda ake gaudanar da za~en shugaban }asa.

Daga Thomas H. NealSashin ku]i da gwamnati.



Ka ko sani?


• Za~en da mai jefa }uri’a baya nan.

Irin qwannan za~en na bayar da dammar ga wanda baya kusa da inda yake ka]a }uri’a, ya gudanar da za~e. Akwai dalilai da dama da zai sanya ]aukar irin wannan matakin za~e, kamar zama a wani }asar ba

Amirka ba, da rashin lafiya, tafiya ko kuma aikin soja a wata }asa, duk yana hana za~e a inda ake ka]a }uri’a, ranar za~e. Ana bayar da dammar da irinwa]annan mutane su aiko da sunan wanda suka za~a da dukkan za~u~~uka ta hanyar aikawa da }uri’a ne ta gidan waya, sai dai

mai ka]a }uri’a na da za~in zuwa ramfar za~e don ka]a }uri’a.

• Jiha mai launi shu]i.

A kan ce jiha mai launi shu]i, jiha ce da akasarin masu jefa }uri’a magoya bayan jam’iyyar Democrat ne.

gardama – da kuma wa]anda ake sanya sunayen su cikin takardar }uri’a ta hanyar koke, wanda akasari a kan irin wannan }uri’ar ne idan ana so a kar~o bashin ku]i don aiwatar da aikin al’umma da kuma wasu dokar aiwatarwa ko hani kan aiwatar da wani abu da al’umma basu so. A shekaru da dama irin wa]annan nau’in }uri’a sun yi tasiri }warai da gaske, musamman kan kasafin ku]i da wasu dokoki.

Da]in da]awa, game da yadda ake gudanar da za~e ta mara na shekaru, jihohi da dama da }ananan hukumomi sukan gudanar da za~en da bai da mara na shekaru. Wasu hukumomin na gudanar da za~e na musamman wanda za a iya yi a kowane lokaci don wata manufa, kamar cike gurbi.

Za~en Shugaban {asa

Duk bayan shekaru hu]u ana gudanar da za~en shugaban }asa a Amirka a ranar talatar farko na watan Nuwamba. Kafin za~en dukkan gari, akan yi za~en fitar da gwani ko na manyan ‘yan jam’iyya da za su za~i wakilai da za su je babban taron jam’iyya, inda ake za~en ‘yan jam’iyya zalla.

Irin wannan za~en guda-guda na za~en fitar da gwani a jihohi da kuma na manyan ‘yan jam’iyya, ana gudanar dashi ne a tsakanin watan Janairu zuwa Yuli. Sai kuma babban za~en jam’iyya da ake yi cikin bazara.

Tun cikin shekarar 1970, ake samun wa]anda za su tsaya wa jam’iyyu takara kafin babban taron jam’iyya, saboda suna da wakilai mafi rinjaye tun kafin za~en ya kamala. A dalilin haka sai babban taron jam’iyyar ya zamanto babban biki.

Abubuwan da ake gudanarwa a taron, ya ha]a da jawabi da shugaba ko shugabannin jam’iyya, da sanar da ]an takarar mataimakin shugaban }asa, da sanayen wakilai daga jihohi da kuma tabbatar da gurbin jam’iyya (kundin da ke zayyana matsayin sa kan al’amari).

A yayin da aka nuna bikin a talabijin da kuma fara kamfe domin za~en kowa da kowa, taron na gabatar da damar da za a tallata ‘yan takara inda ake nuna cewar sun fin a abokan adawa yawan kashi na al’ummar da ke ka]a }uri’a, ya danganta da irin za~en da za a yi, amma fitowar masu ka]a }uri’a gaba ]aya – har ma da za~en shugaban }asa – ya ragu idan aka kwatanta da sauran }asashen da ke mulkin

Yanayin gudanar da za~e a Amirka nab u}atar fahimtar wasu kalamai. Ga wasu daga cikin su:

Duba shafi na 19

Duba shafi na 23

CROSSROADS | 2012 U.S. Election Special 7CROSSROADS | July 4, 2012 Edition 7CROSSROADS | July 4, 2012 Edition 7Magama | Za~en 2012 A Amirka 7

BARACK OBAMAMujallar Foreign Policy ta ruwaito cewa shugaba

Obama ya ]auki matakai da dama da ya danganci }asashen waje wanda ya ha]a da sake duba batun dakarun da ke Afghanistan da yarjejeniya kan maganar rage makamai daga }asar Rasha. Da batun maganar shiga tsakani da }ungiyar Nato ta yi a Libiya da maganar janyewa daga }asar Ira}i da batun yarjejeniyar cinikayya da }asar China da kuma batun kashe shugaban }ungiyar Al}a’ida Osama bin Laden.

Ta}aitaccen tarihin Obama

Obama a halin yanzu ya zamana daban da Obaman da aka sani a lokacin da yake sanata wanda ya zamana ]an adawa game da bijirewa ya}i a lokacin da yake neman shugabanci a shekarar 2008.

Obama a mafi akasarin lokuta ya kan so a ]auki matakin ya}i maimakon a zauna teburin shawara a wasu al’amura da ya danganci }asashen waje.

Akwai nasarori da ya samu kamar kai wa Bin Laden hari, da kuma janyewa da aka yi na dakaru daga }asar Ira}i da kuma tsarin da wanda ya kar~i mulki daga hannunsa ya bari. Da kuma nasarar kifar da gwamnatin Marigayi Mu’ammar Gaddafi na Libiya.

[an takarar jam’iyyar Republican ya yi amfani da wasu hanyoyi da Obama ya aiwatar na gudanar da mulkinsa da ya danganci }asashen waje wanda bai dace ba don a ga ba}in Obama.

Obama ya fuskanci kakkausar suka na rashin fahimtar dokar duniya na magance ta’addanci ta hanyar sintiri.

Obama yana iya samun a sake za~ensa idan ya gano muhimmancin farfa]o da tattalin arzi}i da warware matsalolin cikin gida da kuma rashin sanin harkokin }asashen waje na abokin hamayyarsa.

’Yan TakaraMITT ROMNEYMujallar Foreign Policy ta ruwaito cewa, a matsayinsa na shugaban kwamitin shirye-shirye a wasan 2002 na Olamfik wanda aka yi a birnin Tafkin Lake ya samu nasarar hana hasarar almubazzarancin ku]a]e wanda zai ~ata wa gasar suna da kuma ~ata sunan kwamitin gudanar da wasannin Olamfik na duniya. Shi dai Mitt Romney yana a mishan a Mormen da ke }asar Faransa, lokacin yana kwaleji kamar Barak Obama, Romney ya yi ya}in neman za~e a }asashen Turai.

Ta}aittaccen tarihin Mitt RomneyShi dai Romney ya tsaya kaifi ]aya ne ta hanyar adawa ta yadda bai kauce daga manufofin jam’iyyarsa ta Republican ba, ya kare aniyarsa ta }ulla zumunci da }asar Isra’ila da tsauraren kare kan iyakar }asar sa da kuma ]aukar }wararan matakai kan }asar China. Romney, wanda tsohon gwamna ne ba shi da ilimin aiwatar da manufofin }asashen waje. Amma tun da ya tsallake a za~en fidda gwani na gwamna a shekarar 2008, zai iya yiwuwa ya shirya lalubo hanyoyin shawo kan tsaron }asa. v


Taimakawa Matasan

Arewa Da kayayyakin Aiki

Dokta Misis Hauwa Evelyn Yusuf, malama ce a Jami’a dake Kaduna.

A shekarar 2008, ta amfana daga wani shiri na shugabancin mata a kar}ashin shirin }asa da }asa nab akin shugabanni (IVLP) na }asar Amirka. A lokacin da ta dawo }asar, sai ta kirkiro da wani shiri mai suna Shugabacin mata da kuma basu taimako don gina kansu, a Kaduna inda ta mayar

da hankali wajen gina mata da zawarawa, da matasa da kuma musakai.

A halin da ake ciki yanzu an horas da mata su goma daga Birnin Gwari inda aka taimaka musu da kayayyakin sana’a kamar keken sa}a na kulu don su fara sana’ar kansu. An gudanar da irin wa]annan shiri a garin Kudan dake Jihar Kaduna, aka kuma }ara horas da wasu matan su 15, suma aka basu kayayyakin koyon sana’a a shiri na biyu a }aramar hukumar

Igabi ta Jihar Kduna.Misis Yusuf t ace an za~i

sana’ar sa}a ne saboda an lura cewar, rigunan sanyi na sayuwa sosai a arewacin Nijeriya.

Sai dai kungiyar nata ba wait a ta’ala}a ba ne tunda ko a yanzu kungiyar na horas da mata da maza su 100 da makafi da aka za~o daga unguwanni biyar da suka ha]a da Rafin Guza da Rigasa da Badiko da Tudun Wada da kuma Rigachukun, dukansu a Kaduna inda suke koyon sana’o’i na kayan alatu

Fiye da tsofaffin ]alibai na musaya 200, na da, da yanzu suka ]auki wannan hoto tare da Ambasada Terence P. McCulley a taron farko da suka yi a Abuja ranar 25 zuwa 26 ga watan Satunba. Idika Onyukwu ne ya ]auke hoton.

Daga Bukola Olatunji, Babban Jami’in ya]a labarai, na hukumar Jami’ai dake

Abuja, kuma tsohon ]alibi na shekarar 2011


da jakan hannu da }aramar jaka ta hannu da takalma da sauran su, inda ake amfani da kayan kawa baya ga shiri da ake yin a bayar da shawarwari sanya mutum a hanya mai kyau.

Da taimako da ake baiwa kungiyar daga kungiyar shugabanni mata na Afirika ta hannun jakadan Amirka a Nijeriya, WLEA a shekarar da ta gabata ta shirya taron bita a Igabi da Lere da kuma }aramar hukumar Kaura a Jihar Kaduna don irin mutanen da suka hul]a das u. Wannan na ]aya daga cikin labarai masu da]i da masu halartar taron tsofaffin maziyarta }asar Amirka suka je a taron cin abincin dare wadda ofishin jakadancin Amirka ta shirya a Abuja ranar 25 da 26 na watan Satuimba, 2012.

Taron mai taken, shugabanci da shawara da kuma inganta rayuwar matasa a Nijeriya taron bikin na tsofaffin maziyarta }asar Amirka don samun horo sun gudanar da bikin ha]in gwiwar ne ta musayar ra’ayi inda aka samu halartar tsofaffin ]alibai su 500 ‘yan Nijeriya wa]anda suka amfana daga shirin musayar horo wanda }asar Amirka ta ]auki nauyi shekara da shekaru. Ya kunshi gurbin karatu na Fulbright da Humphrey Fellowship da kuma IVLP.

Mista Olanrewaju Lawrence Osho na Safe Alliane a Abuja da Mista Augustine Abu Enyi daga cibiyar ilimin yara, wato

(Early Childhood Education Centre) Suleija, da Dakta Theresa Nwachukwu na cibiyar gyara halayen yara, (Children’s Reformatory Centre) a Abuja,da Gum Hembadoon na ma’aikatar kiwon lafiya a Jihar Beniwai da Mista Andrew Gani-Ikilama suma sun bayana nasu }warewar.

A lokacin da yake aiki da gidauniyar }arawa makafi }warin gwiwa (Hope for the Blind Foundation) a shekarar 2002, Gani-Ikilama ya halarci wani taron IVLP mai taken: Aikin al’umma da kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu (Community Service and NGOs). Daga bisani, sai ya samu gurbin karo ilimi a makarantar koyon kasuwanci na Harvard domin ya halarci wani horo kan dabarun kan yadda ake tafiyar da kasuwanci dab a riba a shekarar 2005. Day a samu wannan }warewar sai ya kirkiro da makarantar kasuwanci

da ke Wusasa Zariya a shekarar 2009, ya kuma yi mata rijista a 2011.

Makarantar ta shirya abubuwa kamar taron bita na tsofaffin ]alibai kan ci gaban matasa ta hanyar kasuwanci wanda ofishin Jakadan Amirka da ke Nijeriya ta ]auki nauyi a Zariya cikin shekarar 2011. Taron na ]auke da taken: Dogaro da kai ta hanyar kasuwanci da shugabanci wanda aka shirya kyauta ga matasa 98.

Makaranta kasuwanci na Wusasa, ta horas da ]alibai 130, ta yi lacca ga al’umma har 1,400, banda shirin radiyo da mai makarantar ke yi duk mako, mai suna kasuwanci a yau tare da Andrew inda yake Magana da a}alla mutane ‘yan kasuwa fiye da miliyan ]aya, duk sati a gidan Rediyon Liberty dake Kaduna.

Cikin nasarar da aka samu

Ambasada Terence McCulley a tsakiya tare da mutane 8 da suka samu gajiyar taimakon ku]i dauke da takardun shaidarsu. Ataimakon ku]in na naira milyan 7 saboda karfafawa rayuwar matasan arewacin Nijeriya .


daga taron bitar ya ha]a da na Jay Daniel wanda ya kammala karatun sa, ya kuma rubuta littafai guda 2, da Victor Mattias wanda a halin yanzu yana gabatar da wani shiri a tashar rediyon FM dake Jami’ar Ahmadu Bello da kuma Zanau Hassan day a koma Jihar Taraba inda ya samu taimakon ku]i har ya fara noma.

Tsofaffin kungiyar ]aliban Fulbright sun gabatar da ayyukan su tun lokacin da aka kungiyar a Jami’ar Ibadan a shekarar 2000.

Baya ga shirye-shirye da ayyuka daban-daban da domin matas da sauran ‘yan Nijeriya, kungiya ta gudanar da tarurruka har sau 11, an gudanar da taro na 10 a jami’ar Ibadan shekarar da ta gabata, taron wannan shekarar kuwa an yi ne a Jami’ar Covenant dake Ota.

Kungiyar ta buga litattafai da dama, wanda ya ha]a da takardun bincike da aka gabatar a taron. Har ila yau sun gabatar da shiri domin matasa a makarantun sakandare inda aka bukace su das u rika yin aikin sa kai.

Daga }arshe a taron na tsafaffin ]aliban an bad a lambar yabo guda 9 na }ananan taimakon ku]I har na miliyan 70 don matasa su yi sana’ar dogaro da kai a arewacin Nijeriya da kuma mi}a takardun shaida ga wa]anda suka amfana wanda Jakadan Amirka Terence McCulley ya yi.

Ambasada McCulley y ace kungiyar tsofaffin ]aliban sun

kasance “manyan abokan tafiya waje ha]in gwiwa saboda kun kasance ‘yan Nijeriya masu }wazo” wani al’amari da ofishin jakadanci ta lura shi a lokacin da ake zakulo ku, shekarun baya a matsayin wa]anda za su halarci ]aya daga cikin musayar shiri na }asa Amirka.” Taron, a cewar Ambasada McCulley, na daga cikin ho~asa da ake yin a mayarwa kura aniyar tag a ‘yan Nijeriya a kuma amfana da }warewar sun a }asar Amirka.

Ya yabawa abokan na ofishin Jakadancin Amirka, kamar, shugaba, Hampton Apartments Limited da Sanata Farouk Bello Bunza, hukumar kula da Jami’o’in Nijeriya (NUC) da Joseph B. Daudu da kanfanin sa masu sana’ar lauya, da shugaban kungiya wasanni na matasa na Nijeriya (YSFON) da Raybon Dean Consulting Limited, wa]anda suka agaza wajen cimma nasarar taron.

Sauran wa]anda suka bada ha]in kai da sashin hul]a da jama’a kan difilomasiya sune, wanda ya kirkiro cibiyar shugabanci na “Step to the top leadership,” Dakta Theresa Nwachukwu, da shugaban kungiyar matasa na tsofaffin ]alibai kan shirin musaya na Amirka da Nijeriya, Mista Aliyu Mustapha Danladi da darektan ayyuka na kungiyar matasa na tsofaffin ]alibai tsakanin Amirka da Nijeriya, Mista Auwalu Alhassan.

Jakadan ya fa]i cewar, a

Tsohuwar [aliba Ta Samu Lambar Yabo

Grace Ihejiamaizu, tsohuwar ]aliba ce da ta samu horo a cibiyar shugabanni ]alibai

daga Amirka, mai taken koyon abubuwa, wadda yanzu haka ita ce ta lashe lambar yabo ta watan Satumba, 2012.

Karamawar ta nuna irin }warewar da Grace ke da ita na shugabanci na ci gaban masu zuwa nan gaba, wato ‘yan Nijeriya na cikin masu dabaru ko }warewa, da kuma }wazonta na gina }ungiyar

tsofaffin ]alibai a Nijeriya.An karramata ne a Jami’ar

Connecticut, kuma kwarewar Grace ya bata damar gano yadda debarun kasuwanci da yin abubuwa za su kasance don magance al’amuran jama’a, a yayin da ita take gudanar da nata shugabanci da kuma magance matsaloli. Ta samu }warin gwiwa a bisa ilimi da kuma sha’awarta na taimaka wa matasa. Grace ta dawo Nijeriya

Grace Ihejiamaizu



halin da ake ciki yanzu, akwai al’ummar Nijeriya su 5,000 da ke gudanar da shirin musaya ta fannin ilimi, da damar su na da muhimmiyar rawar da suke takawa wajen samar da shugabanci nagari ga }asar. Sun ha]a da shugaban hukumar za~e mai zaman kanta, Furofesa Attahiru Jega, Gwamna Adams Oshiomhole na Jihar Edo, da tsohon mataimakin shugaban }asa, Dokta Alex Ekwueme. “Muna fatar wa]annan tsofaffin ]alibai za su ci gaba da baiwa matasan Nijeriya }warin gwiwa” inji Jakadan.

A lokacin da yake yi wa mahalarta taron maraba a ranar farko, Jami’in al’adu, Mista Bill Strassberger, ya ce, ma}asudin taron, shi ne don tsofaffin ]aliban su tattauna kan tasirin shirin musaya, a kuma tattauna irin nasarorin da aka samu.

Ya ce akwai kamanni tsakanin shirye-shirye daban-daban da aka tanadar, ya janyo hankalin su da su gano irin su. Ya kuwa lura da cewar tsofaffin ]alibai ‘yan Nijeriya matasa ne kuma sababbi ne a shirin, don haka ya bu}ace su da su yi tambayoyi, su kuma kawo sababbin shiri don ci gaban }ungiyar.

Mataimakin harkokin al’adu, Mista Clemson Ayegbusi wanda ya yi bayani kan muhimmancin yin rajista da yanar-gizon tsofaffin ]alibai na Jiha, ya shaida wa mahalarta taron, cewar }asar Amirka ta

bayar da taimakon ku]i har na dalar Amirka 24,600, amma sai wa]anda suka yi rajista ne za su iya samun ku]in ta yanar-gizon na }ungiyar tsofaffin ]alibai.

Ya nuna takaicin sa na cewar mutane 500 ne kawai suka yi rajista a yanar-gizon, ya kuma nuna rashin jin da]insa yadda tsofaffin ]alibai daga Nijeriya ke neman agajin ku]i, amma ba a amincewa a basu saboda babu ku]in. Ya shawarci tsofaffin ]aliban da su yi amfani da damar da ake da shi ta adireshin yanar gizo, wanda ya ha]a da takardun bincike da tattara duk wani bayani.

Kafin mi}a musu takardar shaidar, Ambasada McCulley ya ce “muna son mu yi aiki da ku, wato tsofaffin ]alibai na shirin musaya na Amirka domin isa zuwa ga talakawa da kuma matasa a birni da }auye. A yayin da muke aiki da ku muna da burin samar da dama da kuma fata mai kyau a duk yadda za a iya.

A daidai lokacin da muke bayar da }ananan taimakon ku]i a yau, za mu isa ga matasa maza da mata a jihohin Bauci da Kano da Kaduna da sauran jihohin arewacin Nijeriya. Ina son in ga kuna tunani mai kyau na makomar }asar ku na tsofaffin ]alibai domin ci gaba ta hanyar gudanar da ayyukan da za su taimaki matasan Nijeriya.”

bayan ta kammala shirin musaya, ta kuma }addamar da shiri kan inganta rayuwar matasa ta fuskar samun abin yi (RYPE). Shirin ta yi ne domin matasan da suka kammala karatu, inda za a ilimantar da taimaka wa matasan Nijeriya, wa]anda shekarunsu ya kama daga 16 zuwa 24 da dabarun zamewa shugabanni masu kawo canji da }warewar yin abubuwa. Ana bayar da wasu ayyuka kamar na horo, da koyon abubuwa da yin aikin sa kai da kuma samar wa da }ungiya shawarwari tsakanin sa’o’i. Tun da aka fara a shekarar 2011 ayyukan RYPE ya yi tasiri kan matasa ‘yan Nijeriya 150.

A matsayinta na matashiya mai yin kayayyaki, Grace ta samu lambar yabo a }asa da kuma duniya. A shekarar 2010, bayan ta komo daga shirin horon susi, kamfanin SIFE na Nijeriya ya gano Grace saboda fitacciyar ce ta gudun mawarta wajen inganta al’umma. A shekarar 2012 ta zamanto matashiyar da kamfanin Google ya ce tana da kaifin basira a Duniya inda kamfanin ta gayya ce ta don halartar wani taro nata mai muhimmanci, mai suna Zeitgeist mind.2011. Har ila yau, a shekarar 2011, Grace ta samu taimakon ku]i daga zauren shugabanci na mata, ]an }aramin taimako don agaza wa shirinta na RYPE.

A kwanan nan aka za~eta cikin matasa 60 daga cikin matasa 2000 da aka za}ulo don su halarci wani taro da hukumar Birtaniya na taron matasa manema canji a shekarar 2012. Da]in da]awa, baya ga shugabantar wasu }o}ari na matasa, Grace na ba da lokacinta zuwa ga wasu matasan Nijeriya inda take bayyana masu abubuwan da suka shafe ta da kuma ba su }warin gwiwa.v

11

Tsohuwar [aliba Ta Samu...

Duba shafi na 22


Tsohon ]alibi na musayar horo na gwamnatin }asar

Amirka kan shirin }asa na horas da ba}in shugabanni, Imam Fu’ad Adeyemi ya kasance mutum na farko da ya kar~i lambar yabo na jakadan Amirka don inganta rayuwar bil-adama wanda aka fara ba da jimawa ba, don a nuna godiya ga gudunmawar da ]aliban Nijeriya suka bayar.

Jakadan Amirka a Nijeriya, Terence P. McCulley shi ya mi}a wa Adeyemi lambar yabon a Abuja.

A lokacin da Jakada McCulley ke mi}a wa Imam

shugabanci nagari ta yadda ya aiwatar da tsarin ciyar da al’umma a watan Azumin Ramadan wanda ya runguma a bisa kwarewar da ya samu a Amirka a shekarar 2005, na shirin }asa na ba}i shugabanni da ya halarta.

Ambasada McCulley ya ce }asar Amirka da addinin musulunci na da tsari irin ]aya na tallafa wa marasa galihu, kamar tsarin ciyarwa na watan Ramadan da tsari irin na San Diego inda Imam Fu’ad ya koyo a Amirka.

A don haka, ya yi kira ga sauran yan Nijeriya da su yi koyi da ayyuka nagari daga makarantar Alhabibiyyah.

A lokacin da ya yake godiya a jawabin sa, Imam Fu’ad Adeyemi ya ce ya fara tsara ciyarwa na watan Ramadan bayan ya yi taro da wani mai wa’azi na cocin Katolika a San

Diego wanda ya fara makamancin irin nasa, bayan ya bar aikin mishan.

Ya ce ya fara irin wannan tsarin ciyarwa ne ta hanyar sa wa kansa haraji da sauran

Tsohon [alibin Musayar Horo Na Gwamnatin Amirka Ya Kar~i Lambar Yabo Kan Inganta Rayuwar Bil-Adama


Fu’ad lambar yabon, ya ce an ba shi ne saboda gudunmawar da ya bayar na ci gaban al’umma a Nijeriya.

A lokacin da Jakada McCulley ke karanta tarihin rayuwar Fu’ad ga ba}in da suka halarci bikin ya ce Fu’ad ya nuna Duba shafi na 19

Ambasada Terence P. McCulley ke mi}a lambar yabo na farko kan ayyukan jinkai ga Imam Fu’ad Adeyemi na Al-Habibiyyah saboda shirin sa na ciyar da marasa galihu.

Daga sama Tsohon babban mai shari’a na }asa, Muhammad Lawal Uwais ke taya Imam Fu’ad murnar lambar yabon. Daga }asa kuwa, Ambasada McCulley ne a lokacin shirin ciyar da marasa galihun.

CROSSROADS | 2012 U.S. Election Special 13Magama | Za~en 2012 A Amirka 13

Sahihin Bayani: Nijeriya na ]aya daga cikin }asashe uku a duniya inda cutar foliyo ta yawaita, (sauran }asashen sun ha]a da Afghanistan da Pakistan). A Afirka, Nijeriya ce ka]ai }asar da ba ta shawo kan ciwon shan inna ba. A dalilin haka, akwai yiwuwar cewa }asashen da ke ma}wabtaka da }asar, cutar ta ya]u zuwa garesu. Daga 16 ga watan Agusta, 2012, an tabbatar da cewa, an samu kamuwa da ciwon foliyo har sau 83 a Nijeriya, a wannan shekara, idan aka kwatanta da kamuwa da ciwon sau 26 a shekarar 2011.

Cibiyar karewa

da hana

ya]uwar

cuta ta Amirka da

ke Nijeriya ta ]auki

nauyin taron, ranar

Talata da Laraba, 2 da

3 ga watan Oktoba tare

da PEPFAR, wato na

ha]in gwiwa domin a

sake tsara yadda za a

duba batun yadda ake

gudanar da harkokin kawar da

cutar da ke karya garkuwar jiki

(HIV/AIDS) a shekara mai zuwa.

“Za mu shiga wani sabon

babi don fahimtar tasirin

ayyukan da ake yi don magance

cutar }anjamau da ]orewar

tsarin.” In ji Ambasada McCulley,

wanda ya yi magana a lokacin

taron.

An }addamar da ofishin

CDC a Nijeriya a watan Fabrairu

2001. Tun daga wannan lokaci,

CDC a Nijeriya na bayar da

goyon baya ga ma’aikatar kiwon

lafiya ta Nijeriya a }o}arinta na

hana ko kare ya]uwar cutar

}anjamau da kuma bayar da

kare Nijeriya, kare uwaye da

‘ya’yan su” in ji Babban daraktan

CDC, Dokta Okey Nwanyawu.

CDC tare

da gwamnatocin Nijeriya da

Amirka (USG), na }ara

}aimi don tabbatar da cewa

shirin “HIV/AIDS” na samun

kar~uwa yadda ya kamata a

magani ga wa]anda suka kamu da

cutar, a }ara }arfi wajen gwaje-

gwaje da kuma gina wuraren samar

da kiwon lafiyar cutar }anjamau,

mai ]orewa a }asa. CDC na

aiki na }ut da }ut da ma’aikatar

kiwon lafiya ta Nijeriya da wasu

}ungiyoyin ha]in gwiwa 20 a

fa]in Nijeriya da kuma

gwamnatin Amirka (USG)

na ~angaren Nijeriya, (wato

ma’aikatar tsaro da ta

harkokin waje da USAID),

don kawar da cutar karya

garkuwar jiki, wato

}anjamau.

Wannan gwagwarmaya

ana yi ne don al’umma,

kuma don kare rayuwa...

Daga dama, Dr. Zainul Khan, wanda }wararre ne ke aiki tare da N-Stop a lokacin da ake horas da wasu kan tsare-tsaren aikin Rigakafi.

Daga Gabrielle O’meara da Lisa Esapa, Cibiyar Karewa

da Hana Ya]uwar Cuta Ta Amirka

Shirin Bayar Da Horo Don Tsayar Da Ya]uwar Ciwon Shan Inna (N.stop) Shirin horarwa: Ha]in Gwiwa Don Hana Ya]uwar

Cutar Shan Inna A Nijeriya

CROSSROADS | 2012 U.S. Election Special 14

}ananan hukumomi don ganin

abin ya ha~aka zuwa ko’ina,

kuma ana samun amfanin shirin

da kuma tabbatar da ]orewarsa

gaba da PEPFAR.

“Nasarar harkokin PEPFAR

a Nijeriya ya ta’alla}a ne kacokan

kan }ungiyoyi da }ananan

hukumomi da kuma jiha da

gwamnatin tarayya da taimakon

ofishin Jakadancin Amirka,

sannan da CDC da USAID da

ma’aikatar tsaro ta Amirka

(Walter Reed) da gwamnatin

Amirka,” a cewar Jakada

McCulley. “Aiki ne na

taimakekeniya domin a tabbatar

cewar shirin ya yi }arfi, ya ]ore

kuma an tafiyar da shi yadda ya

dace. Harka ce mai wahala, amma

ayyukan ha]in gwiwa da ake yi,

ana samun nasarar ganin cewa

an mur}ushe cutar }anjamau

a Nijeriya.”

(A ziyarci yanargizon CDC

domin }arin bayani tare da

abokan ha]in gwiwa na PEPFAR.

Gwamnatin Nijeriya:

Ma’aikatar lafiya ta }asa da

hukumar bincike kan kimiyya

da ya shafi lafiyar jama’a da

hukumar tattalin jini da hukumar

kula da ci gaban lafiya.

{ungiyoyi masu zaman

kansu na ‘yan Nijeriya sun

ha]a da:- Samun nasarar lafiya

ta Nijeriya da }ungiyar kare

ya]uwar ciwon da ke karya

garkuwar jiki da cibiyar horar

da lafiya da bincike da cibiyar

ha~aka lafiya da inganta ilimi

a al’umma da jin

da]insu

da cibiyar gano

cututtuka ta

Nijeriya da

cibiyar lafiya

ta Songhai.

{ungiyoyin

mabiya

]ari}u na

Gidauniyar

Katolika ta

Caritas ta

Nijeriya da

}ungiyar lafiya ta Kiristocin

Nijeriya da }ungiyar lafiya ta

}asa da }asa.

{ungiyar Nijeriya ta kasuwanci

don samun riba da

}ungiyar tuntu~a ta E da F.

Shiyyar Afirka Da Cibiyar

Nahiyar Kan Ilimi Mai Zurfi:

Jam’iar Sheikh Anta Da Ke Dakar

Ta {asar Senegal.

Shiyyar Afirka Da

Figure 1. Wild Poliovirus (WPV) Cases worldwide as of Sept 11, 2012.

Endemic country

Wild Poliovirus(1), previous 6 months*

1Excludes viruses detected from environmental surveillance and vaccine derived polioviruses.

Country with case in previous 6 months*12 Mar – 11 Sep 2012Data in WHO/HQ as of 11 Sep 2012 3

Wild virus type 1Wild virus type 3

W1 W3

Chad 14-Jun-12 1 2 2Nigeria 15-Aug-12 40 52 11 63A F R T o t a l 1 5 - A u g - 1 2 4 1 5 4 1 1 6 5Afghanistan 21-Jul-12 8 12 12Pakistan 22-Aug-12 11 14 1 15E M R T o t a l 2 2 - A u g - 1 2 1 9 2 6 1 2 7T o t a l 2 2 - A u g - 1 2 6 0 8 0 1 2 9 2

CountryOnset of

most recent case

Number of

Districts

Virus TypeTOTAL WPV

Mahalarta wani taro da aka yi a Abuja bayan kammala horon.


Nahiyar Da {ungiyoyi Masu

Zaman Kansu: {ungiyar

“African Field Epidemiology

Network” Da Ke Kampala,

Babban Birnin {asar Uganda.

{ungiyoyi Masu Zaman

Kansu Na Amirka:

{ungiyar masu binciken

kimiyyar cututtuka ta Amirka:

}ungiyar masu binciken

}ananan cututtuka da }ungiyar

Duba shafi na 20


A yau, an }iyasta yawan

jama’ar duniya ya ]an

haura biliyan 7 kuma an

}iyasta yawan jama’ar duniya ya

Noma da wadataccen abinci ne muhimman abubuwa a yarjejeniyar }asashe biyu wato a tsakanin Amirka da Ninjeriya kuma a }o}arin a ciyar da ingantacciyar fahimtar sarrafa }ananan }wayoyin halitta (sells) da }ananan halittun da iudo ba ya iya ganin su (baktiriya) a masana’anta da a kimiyya (biotechnology) gaba sai sashin gona na Amirka a Nijeriya ya ]auki nauyin rangadin nazari na wasu fitattun ‘yan Nijeriya a kan sarrafa }ananan }wayoyin halitta da }ananan halittun a Amirka. Masu yin rangadin su ne Rose Maxwell Gi]a]o da A’isha Umar daga hukumar National Biotechnology Development Agency da Furofesa Anthony Olatokun na Majalisar irin noma ta }asa ta Nijeriya da Misis Mopelola Akeju ta majalisar kare masu amfani da kayayyaki da ‘yan jarida, Emeka Anuforo daga Jaridar Guardian da Ifeanyi Okafor na Hukumar Talbijin ta {asa (NTA) da Ifeanyi Nwoko na Kamfanin Dillancin Labarai na Nijeriya (NAN). Kuma a masu ringadin akwai tauraron fina-finai na Nollywood kuma mai shirya fim wato Bob Manuel Udokwu da ba}on mai fasaha, Emmanuel Okolo Uche Nzeka daga USDA da ke Legas da Nafisah Ahmad daga sashin Harkokin jama’a a Ofishin jakadancin Amirka a Abuja wa]anda suka rufa wa masu rangadin baya. Sun ziyarci St. Louis da Missouri daga 15 ga Satumba zuwa 23 ga watan. Nafisah Ahmad ta bayar da rahoto kamar haka:

kai biliy8an 9 a shekarar 2050.

Wato za a sami }arin mutane

miliyan 75 a kowace shekara.

Dukkansu suna bu}atar su ci

abinci kuma duk da haka an

}iyasta mutane biliyan 1 ba su da

tsasshen abincin da za su ci a yau,”

inji Jack A. Bobo, babban mai

Fasahar Kimiyyar Zamani Na Taimakawa Wajen Samar da Abinci Mai Kyau

{warare kan harkar noma a }aramin ofishin jakadancin Amirka da ke Legas, Uche Nzeka, da Jarumin wasan kwaikwayo Bob Manuel Udokwu da Aisha Umar, a yayin wani binciken kimiya a Jami’ar Mossouri. Emeka Okolo ya ]auko hoton.

“


bayar da shawara kan sarrafa

}ananan }wayoyin halitta da

}ananan halittun da ido ba ya iya

ganin su na sashin hul]a da

}asashen waje na Amirka.

Jack Bobo ya fa]i haka a

takardar da ya gabatar mai

kanun “Shin nopma zai ku~utar

da duniya ... kafin ya lalata ta?

Ya fa]i haka a yayin magana da

wasu fitattun ‘yan Nijeriya da

sashin ayyukan gona a }asashen

}etare na Amirka da ke }aramin

ofishin jakadancin Amirka a

Legas da sashin goma na Amirka

suka ]auki nauyin rangadin

nazari a Amirka a kan sarrafa

}ananan 5 }wayoyin halitta da

}ananan halittun da ido ba ya

iya ganin su a masana’anta da a

kimiyya. Ya ce wannan babban

}alubale ne jama’ar duniya suina

bu}atar su samar da }arin abinci a

tsakanin 2000 da 2050 fiye da abin

da aka samar a shekaru goma da

suka gabata ta amfani da

}asar noma mara yawa da ruwa

mara yawa da taki mara yawa

da magungunan kashe }wari

marasa yawa kuma za a kai ga

haka ne ta amfani da fasahar

sarrafa }ananan }wayoyin

halitta da }ananan halittun.

An fara rangadin ranakun

15 zuwa 23 ga Satumba a St.

Louis ta Missouri inda masu

ranga]in suka ziyarci Jami’ar

Missouri a Columbia, Missouri.

An nuna kimiyyar sarrafa

}ananan }wayoyin halitta da

}ananan halittun da ido ba ya iya

ganin su a ]akin gwaje-gwaje.

An nuna samfur-samfur a

kan yadda aka canza

tsarin massura da waken

soya ta

amfani da fasahar

biotechnology.

Masu rangadin

sun ziyarci gonar

Stemme da ke St. Louis

a Missouri. Ba kamar

irin da aka saba gani

ba, ana shuka irin

masara da na waken soya

da aka canza tsarinsu a

gonarsa sama da

shekaru 15. Kamar

yadda aka fa]i a gonar,

ana samun amfanin

gona mai tarin yawa ta

amfani da ruwa mara yawa da taki

mara yawa da magungunan kashe

}wari marasa yawa da rage

gur~ata muhalli kuma ga

Bayani Kan Shirin Tallafa Wa Matasan Shugabannin Afirka

Taron }ir}irowa da }awance ne gudunmuwar wannan shekara ga shirin

gwamnatin Obama na shirin matasan shugabannin Afirka na shugaba. Wanna }o}ari ne na rainon dangantakar4 Amirka da Afirka a kan matasan nahiyar. An fara aiwatar da shirin a Agustan 2010 da taron da Obama ya yi da shugabannin Afirka matasa shugabannin Afirka matasa guda 115 sun hallara birnin Washington DC don musayar ra’ayoyi da tattaunawa a kan tallafa wa matasa da lafiyar da harkar mulki da kyau da samun dama a kan tallalin arziki. Gwamnatin Amirka a Mayun 2011 ta ]auki nauyin taro a kan tattaunawa da matasan shugabannin Afirka inda aka yi wata ]aya ana aiwatar da shirye shirye sama da 200 a }asashe 37 don fada]a dabarun shugabanci da sadarwar zamantakewa. An gudanar da taron matan shugabanni na matasan shugabannin Afirka mata a Afirka ta {kudu a Yunin 2011 inda matasan shugabanni matan Afirka 76 suka halarta don tattaunanwa a kan batutuwan shugabanci da tallafa wa mata day a wa al’umma aiki.

Ma}asudai: Niyyar wannan shiri shi ne a ciyar da fahimtar Amirka gaba kuma a sadu da matasan Afirka don ilimantar das u a kana bin da za su iya bayar da gudunmuwa ga bun}asar tattalin arziki da siyasa da zamantakewa a Afirka. A kowane taro an nuna sababbin matasan Afirka masu tasowa da jaddada }udurin Amirka na tattaunawa da matasan Afirka ta hanyoyi biyu. v

Idan aka yi shuka yadda ta dace, sai a samu amfani mai kyau, kamar wannan Rogo da miliyoyin ‘yan Nijeriya ke ci.

Duba shafi na 20


Wa]annan Su Ne Sababbin Ma’aikatan Mu

Malore I. Brown, ita ce sabuwar Jami’a mai kula da Labarai (PRO)

a Nijeriya. Malore na da digirin digirgir a fannonin ilimi daban-daban a ~angaren ilimin raya birni da ]akin karatu da kuma kimiyyar ya]a labarai daga Jami’ar Wisconsin-Milwankee, ta kuma fuskanci gudanar da bincike kan za~e da fannonin abubuwan al’adu na matasa. Dakta Brown ta nuna jin da]inta da aka turo ta aikin farko zuwa Nijeriya. Ta }uduri aniyar aiki da Amerikawa da cibiyoyin bincike da labaru da jami’o’i da kuma mutanen Nijeriya. v

Kafin samun wannan sabon matsayi nasa, Jeffrey Hawkins darakta ne na

ofishin Near East da kudanci da tsakiyar nahiyar Asiya a hukumar Dimokura]iyya da ‘yancin ]an Adam da }wadago daga watan Satumba 2010 zuwa 2012. Ya ta~a zama mai bayar da shawara ga mataimakin Sakataren a dokoki kan ‘yancin ]an Adam na Near East da kudanci da kuma tsakiyar nahiya Asiya, ya kuma gudanar da miliyoyin dalar Amirka kan shirin ‘yancin ]an-Adam.

Mista Hawkins ya zamanto sabon }aramin jakada a Legas, inda ya canji Joseph Standford wanda ya kammala rangadinsa a Nijeriya a watan Yuni.

Mista Hawkins ya samu lambobin yabo masu yawa da ga sashin harkokin }asar waje na Amirka da suka ha]a da lambar yabo ta mai bayar da shawara da lambar yabo mafi girmamawa. Mista Hawkins ya iya yaren Faransa da na }asar Fotugal. Yana da mata mai suna Annie Chansavang, Jam’iar ku]i ce a kamfanin Total. Suna da yara maza, Maxime da Alexandre. v

{aramin Jakadan Amirka

Jeffrey Hawkins

Jami’ar Kula Da Harkokin Jama’a Dehab Ghebreab

Jami’ar Kula Da Fanonnin Karatu da Labarai, Malore Brown

Jami’ar Diflomasiyyar Nijeriya, Rhonda J. Watson

An haifi Rhonda a Hamilton, Ohio, ta kammala karatun jami’a a

Jami’ar Michigan. Dagan an sai ta samu digiri na biyu a fannin ]akin karatu daga Jami’ar Maryland.

Daga shekarar 2008 zuwa 2012, Rhonda ta yi aiki a Kwatano, }asar Benin a matsayin Jami’ar Ya]a Labarai. Ta kasance Jami’ar Diflomasiyya a }aramin ofishin Jakadancin Nijeriya daga watan Satumba 2012. v

Dehab Ghebreab ita ce sabuwar Jami’ar kula da Harkokin Jama’a a }aramin ofishin

Jakadanci da ke Legas. Ta fara aikinta ne a ofishin ranar 9 ga watan Oktoba, 2012. Kafin nan ta kasance Jami’ar kula da Jama’a a }asar Laberiya tsakanin 2009 da 2012, kuma ta zama Jami’ar al’adu a }asar Zambiya daga shekarar 2004 zuwa 2006, daga nan ta zo Nijeriya a matsayin Jami’ar al’adu daga 2001 zuwa 2004.

Ghebreeab har ila yau ta kasance Babbar Mataimakiyar Shirin Musaya na Malamai da Masu Gudanar da Harkar Mulki na Jami’ar Fulbright, a sashen al’amuran }asashen waje, fannin ilimi da al’adu daga shekarar 1988 zuwa 2001. v


Yan Jarida daga }asashe 20 suka halarci wani taro a }asar Amirka

da cibiyar ‘yan jaridu ta ma’aikatar }asashen waje na Amirka ta shirya domin gudanar da rangadi ta yadda za a samu bayanai game da yancin maza masu tarawa da maza da kuma mata masu tarawa da mata 'yan'uwansu da kuma batun yancin dukkan Jinsi Amirka. Rangadin na wasu ‘yanjarida daga }asashe daban-daban na ]auke da take kamar haka: “A Developing Narrative:” Batun Ma]igo da Luwa]i da saduwa da kowane Jinsi a Amirka.”

Ma}asudin wannan rangadi na manema labarai na duniya shine don a basu damar sanin yadda ‘yan gwagwarmaya ko kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu daga Amirka ke tunkarar ‘yancin masu harkar a Amirka. Wani lauya, kuma ]an Jarida mai zaman kansa daga BBC na ]aya daga cikin mahalarta taron, da aka gudanar da taron tsakanin 3 - 10 na watan Yuni. Ya kuma yi bayani game da taron a hira da suka yi da Idika U. Onyuku, editan Magama:

da mataimakin sakataren harkokin }asashen wajen Amirka na hukumar dimokura]iyya da ‘yancin ]an Adam da }wadago,

Michael H. Posner da kuma mataimakin sakatare Dan Baer. An yi mana bayani game da dokokin da gwamnati Amirka ta kafa don hana nuna bambanci tsakanin ‘yan kungiyar ma]ugo da luwa]i }ar}ashin shugabancin yanzu da kuma shawarar da majalisar ]inkin duniya ta amince da shi domin baiwa mambobin LGBT

goyon baya a duniya.Mun tattauna da kungiyoyi

da dama, wa]anda suka ha]a da, Log Cabin Republicans, LGBT Equality Caucus in Congress, har ma da mataimakin shugaban bincike da sadarwa a cibiyar ci gaban Amirka. Tattaunawar ya ta’ala}a ne akasari kan daidaito da kariya ga mambobin LG|B|T da kuma duk wani lamarin da hana ci gaban su.

Akasarin ‘yancin mambobin LGBT ya dogara ne kan doka, ko dokar ta taimake su ko a samu akasin haka. Rangadi ya bani damar fahimtar abubuwa da

Tattaunawa Game Da 'Yancin Maza masu Tarawa Da Maza Da kuma Mata Masu Tarawa Da Mata 'Yan'uwansu

Tambaya - Yi min bayani game da inda kuke ziyarta da kuma irin tuntu~ar da kuka yi.

Amsa - A ranar farko na

rangadin mun ziyarci ma’aikatar tsaro ~angaren aikin jarida a inda aka yi mana bayani kan yadda aka kawar da dokar nan na, “Kar ka yi tambaya, kar ka fa]i” da kuma yadda aka gwamutsa masu Luwa]i da Ma]ugo (LGBT) a cikin rundunar sojin Amirka.

Mun kuma yi bayani da editan mujallar LGBT na Amirka wanda ake kira Washington Blade. Ya yi mana jawabi game da tarihin masu aikin ma]ugo da luwa]i (LGBT) a Amirka da kuma irin }alubalan da suke fuskanta da kuma yadda mujallar Blade ke taka rawar ya]a muradin su.

A kwana na biyu mun yi taro

‘

Hoton manema labarai daga }asashe daban-daban lokacin taron.

Duba shafi na 21


dimokura]iyya. Yawan masu ka]a }uri’a na raguwa tun daga shekarar 1960, daga kashi 64 cikin ]ari zuwa kashi 50 cikin ]ari a 1996, sai dai kuma }aruwa cikin za~u~~uka guda uku na baya da aka gudanar.

Akwai dalilai da dama da ke haddasa rashin fitowa za~e a Amirka. Ba kamar sauran salon mulkin dimokura]iyya ba, dole ne mai ka]a }uri’a a Amirka ya yi rajista don ya cancanta yin za~e, a kan samin bambanci n salon yin rajistar tsakanin jihohi:

A wani bayanin kuma, za~e sa kai ne, ba tilas ba ne kamar wasu }as ashen. Saboda yawan za~u~~uka da ake yi, ana bu}atar cike ofishin za~a~~u da aka }iyasta yawan su ya kai miliyan guda a }asar baki ]aya, tana kuma ‘iya yiwuwa masu ka]a }uri’a sun gaji, don haka yana kawo na}asu wajen fitowar jama’a yin }uri’a.

{ididdiga suna nuna cewar jefa }uri’a na raguwa saboda harkokin siyasa ta she su, ko kuma za~en ya nuna }arara ga wanda

zai lashe za~en. Haka kuma ana iya samun yawan masu ka]a }uri’a idan aka samu ‘yan takara da ke kankankan wajen kar~uwa, ko kuma akwai wani batu mai sar}a}iya.

Abin Da [an Takara Ke Bu}ata

Kowane za~e na zuwa ofishin tarayya na da irin nasa bu}atun, kamar yadda yake a sashi na 1 da na 2 a cikin kundin tsarin mulkin Amirka. Misali shi ne duk ]an takarar shugabancin Amirka, dole ne ya zamanto haifaffen ]an Amirka, kuma ya shekara 35, kuma a}alla ya shekara 14 a cikinta, haka ake bu}ata ga mai son zama mataimakin shugaban }asa. A }ar}ashin gyaran tsarin mulkin Amirka na 12, shugaban }asa ba zai zamanto Jihar su guda da mataimakin sa ba.

[an takarar majalisar wakilai a Amirka, wajibi ne ya shekara 25, kuma ]an }asar Amirka ne na shekara 7, kuma ya kasance yana zaune a jihar da

yake so ya wakilta a bias tsarin doka. [an takarar majalisar dattijai dole sai ]an shekara 30, kuma ]an Amirka ne na tsawon shekara 30, kuma ya kasance yana zaune a jihar da yake so ya wakilta a bisa tsarin doka. Duk mai sha’awar tsayawa takarar kujerar mulki a jiha ko }aramar hukuma, wajibi ne ya cika sharu]]an da hukumar wajen ta gindaya.

Gyaran tsarin mulkin kundin Amirka karo na 22, ya kuma zamo doka a 1951, ya haramta tsayawa takarar shugabancin }asa fiye da sau biyu. Sai dai tsarin mulki bai yi wa mai sha’awar tsayawa matsayin ]an majalisar wakilai ko sanata iyaka ba, sai dai an samu wa]ansu da suka yi ta magiyar neman yin dokar da za a yi wa ‘yan majalisu wa’adi.

Kalmar wa’adi a jiha ko }aramar hukuma na nan zayyane a tsarin mulkin jiha ko }aramar hukuma. v

(Wannan }asida an samo ta ne daga hukumar }asa da }asa na shirin ya]a labarai).

Jama’a Ke Da Ikon Za~en Shugaban {asa Na Gaba Daga shafi na 6

Daga shafi na 12

mambobi na cibiyar kafin ya fara samun ]auki daga wasu ‘yan Nijeriya da kuma cibiyar daga Amirka wadda ta bada gudummawar tsarin.

Ba}on wanda ya sami halartar fiye da tsofaffin ]alibai sittin kan shirin ba}in }asa na shugabanni da jami’an gwamnati da shugabannin }ungiyoyin kare ‘yancin

bil-adama da }ungiyoyin addinai.Lambar yabon na zuwa da

taimakon ku]i da ya kai dalar Amirka 5,000, don wanda ya samu lambar yabon ya ci gaba da aiwatar da manufofin taimakawa.v

Tsohon [alibin Musayar Horo Na Gwamnatin Amirka Ya Kar~i ...


ingantuwar abubuwan da ke

sanya rayuwa da taimaka wa shuka

ya girma da sauri.

Shuke-shuke suna da lafiya

kuma ba su tare da tsutsotsi

idan aka kwatanta da irin da

aka saba gani. Haka kuma masu

rangadin sun ziyarci Solae,

kamfanin sarrafa amfani gona.

Manufar Solae ita ce ciyar da

abubuwan amfanin rayuwar

]an Adam gaba ta fito da sababbin

samfurin kayayyakin abinci. Suna

sarrafa amfanin gona na abinci

kamar waken soya wajen yin

kayayyaki kamar kayayyakin

sanyawa a shayi da madarar

jarirai da na shirya kalaci da

madara da sauransu da ake

samarwa daga waken da sinak

da sauransu.

Masu gonar Solae suna

amfani da }warewarsu wajen

inganta lafiya da abubuwan da

rayuwar ]an Adam ke bu}ata ga

mai amfani da kayayyakin da ake

samarwa ta amfani da waken soya

da aka canza sama da kashi 95 na

tsarinsa na ainihi.

Masu rangadin sun sadu

da }ungiyoyin manoma daban-

daban a birnin Washington DC

ta Amirka da suka ha]a da

}ungiyar masu noman alkama

da dawa. Manoman sun ce an

canza tsarin alkama da waken

soyar da ake shukawa a Amirka

da kashi 95 daga cikin ]ari.

A yayin zaman yin tambayoyi

da bayar da amsoshi ne suga

fahimci hakan

Ba kamar irin da aka saba

shuka shi ba, shi wanda aka

canza tsarinsa yana samar da

amfanin gonar da yawansa ya

nunka na irin da aka saba

shukawa har sau biyar.

An kammala rangadin da

wani zama kuma a wannan

karo da masu sanya ido na Amirka

wa]anda suka fahimtar

da masu rangadin da jama’ar

Amirka game da tsoron da suke

da shi a kan fasahar Biotechnology

da hanyar da ake bi a wajen

canza tsarin shuke-shuke.

Hukumar kula da ingancin

abinci da magunguna (FDA)

da Hukumar kare muhalli

(EPA) da sashin gona na Amirka

(USDA) su ne muhimman masu

sanya ido a kan abinci da amfani

da kayayyakin gona a Amirka.

FDA tana tabbatar da kyan

abinci da magunguna kafin

su isa ga masu amfani da su,

kuma EPA na tabbatar da kare

muhalli da ya ha]a da

magungunan }wari da takin

da ake amfani da shi a yayin

shuka da USDA mai sanya

ido a kan hanyoyin noma.

Hukumomin nan guda

uku sun amsa dukkan

tambayoyin da aka yi da

damuwar masu rangadin da

suka kawo game da sahihancin

fasahar “biotechnology.”

Dukkan su sun koma Nijeriya

suna da cikakkiyar fahimtar

cewa, fasahar biotechnology

ba ta da ha]ari kuma tana

samar da amfanin gona fiye

da irin da aka saba amfani da

shi wajen shuka, sannan ga

amfani da irin mara yawa da

maganin }wari mara yawa

da taki mara yawa da ruwa

mara yawa da }asar noma

mara girma.” v

kiwon lafiya na al’umma, da

masu binciken kimiyya ta kiwon

lafiya da gidauniyar Axios da

gidauniyar CDC.

Sauran sun ha]a da cibiyar

horarwa na lafiya da cibiyar

ilimin kimiyya ta Jhpiego,

wadda ke da ala}a da Jami’ar

Johns Hopkins da }ungiyar

Pathfinder ta duniya da hukumar

}idaya da cibiyar kula da

tsaftataccen jini ta duniya da

asusun yara na majalisar ]inkin

duniya (UNICEF) da kuma ha]a]]

iyar cibiyar bincike.

{ungiyoyin ]ariku na Amirka:

“Salessan Missions, Inc.”

Manyan makarantun ilimi

na Amirka: Cibiyar }asa da }asa

don kare cutar }anjamau, shirin

kula da kuma magancewa, Jami’ar

Columbia, Jami’ar Maryland,

Baltimore da Jami’ar Vanderbilt. v

Fasahar Kimiyyar Zamani Na Taimakawa Wajen Samar da Abinci Mai KyauDaga shafi na 16

Daga shafi na 14

Shirin Bayar Da Horo Don Tsayar Da Ya]uwar Ciwon Shan Inna (N.stop) Shirin horarwa:...


suka ji~anci harkar shari’a da ta shafi mambobin LGBT. An tattauna sosai game da auren jinsi ]aya, musamman ganin cewa shugaba Obama ya ratta~a hannun goyon bayan harkar. Mun yi tattaunawa da kungiyoyi da mutane inda aka samu sa~anin ra’ayi inda wasu suka bayar da goyon bayan da a mayar da auren jinsi ]aya batu ta }asa baki ]aya, akwai kuma wa]anda suka kyamaci abin, kamar kungiyar ma’aurata na }asa da Furofesar shari,a Helen Alvare daga Jami’ar George Mason University. An tattauna game da batun dokar da ta shafi Aure (DOMA) da kuma dokar da ta shafi nuna banbancin wajen ]aukar aiki (ENDA).

A lokacin da muka ziyarci Jiohar Maryland mun ha]u da wakilan Jihar, Luke Clipinger da Kieffer Mitchell, sun mana bayanin yadda aka kirkiro dokar aure a Maryland, da kalabalen da aka fuskanta da tasirin da yake da shi a shari’ance yanzu a Amirka.

A kwanaki uku da muka yi bani damar saanin abubuwa da dama game da rayuwar masu ma]igo da luwa]i a Amirka. Na saurari labaran da suka susa zuciya daga iyaye da suka amince da ‘ya’yan su a harkar, yanzu suna }o}arin ganin ba a nuna musu banbanci.

Mun ziyarci cibiyar LGBT a Jami’ar Pennsylvania, da kuma ofishin ‘yan sanda dake Jihar Philadelphia inda aka bamu labarin yadda ake samun aikata

manyan laifuka akan da masu luwa]i da ma]igo, yadda ake kyamatar su, da kuma irin matakan da suke ]auka. Jawabin ya }ayatar sosai daga Seth Meyer daga “The It Gets Better Project,” da Eliza Byard na cibiyar GLS|EN (Gay Lesbian and Straight \education, Network) da kuma }arin bayani daga GLAAD- kanfanin neman labari da ke aiki har na tsawon shekara 25 don kawo canjin al’ada akan masu ma]igo da luwa]i.

Mun }ar}are ziyarar tamu da ziyarar cibiyar Forney Centre a Astoria, da Queens a New York, da wata mafaka na yaran da ke ma]igo da luwa]i basu da muihalli, a inda na tambayi wasu yara su biyu game da tarihin rayuwar su.

Rangadin ya }ara mini ilimi game da dokar Amirka game da }asashen waje da kuma ‘yancin ]an Adam. Fahimta ta ta ]aukake game da batutuwa mambobin LGBT. Na samu muhimman bayanai ba kawai daga Amirka ba, daga duniya ga baki ]aya, na yi cu]anya da manema labarai daga }asashe 18, da suka ha]a da Albama, da Chile da Caina da Croatia da Dominica da Guyana da Indiya da Indosenia da Kosovo da Latvia da Liberia da Luthuania da Mexico da Moldovia da Philiphines da Singapore, da Turkey da kuma Uganda, na karu kwarai da gaske daga gare su - da yadda suke tunkarar al’amura da

dabaru na amfani da aikin Jarida game da batutuwan ‘yancin ]an Adam da kuma masu ma]igo da luwa]i.

Tambaya: Daga abin da ka fahimta daga wannan ziyara ko rangadi, yaya za ka kwatanta batun ma]igo da luwa]i a Nijeriya.Amsa: Nijeriya bata ]auki wannan batu da muhimmanci ba, gaskiyar lamari shi ne, akwai tsananin adawa kan masu wannan aiki-aika. A duk shekara ana samun laifuka na tsana ga masu harkar, ana gallazawa masu irin wannan harka, ana hana su aiki da kiwon lafiya, akwai kuduri da ke gaban majalisar wakilai da ke neman a yi dokar }a}abawa duk mai irin wannan harkar. Furta irin wannan batu a kafofin ya]a labarai kan zamo magana mai zafi cikin al’umma, sannan kuma ‘yan Nijeriya basu da ilimin harkokin masa ma]igo da luwa]i.

Akwai dangantaka iri guda game da halin ni ‘yasu da masu wannan harka ke ciki a Amirka da Nijeriya, sai dai a lokacin da Amirkawa ke fafutukar daidaito, na Nijeriya so suke a san da zamansu. Ina da tabbacin cewar za a shawo kan lamarin a Nijeriya saboda wasu kungiyoyi sun taso don tattauna batun da ]aukar matakan da ya dace. Na samu tagomashi sosai daga wannan ziyara musamman a matsayina

Tattaunawa Game Da 'Yancin Maza Masu Tarawa Da Maza Da kuma Mata Masu Tarawa Da Mata 'Yan'uwansuDaga shafi na 18

Duba shafi na 22


na lauya kuma mai fafutukar ‘yancin ]an Adam, ya bani damar da zan yaki ‘yancin marasa rinjaye a cikin al’umma. Saboda haka zan yi }o}arin ganin ‘yan luwa]i ma]igo a Nijeriya sun samu yadda suke so duk da kalubalen da ake fuskanta.

Tambaya: Wannan shine ziyarar ka zuwa }asar waje na farko, yaya kaji.

Amsa: Babu shakka wannan ziyara ya yi mini tasiri a rayuwa. Mun je Washington DC da Maryland da Pennyslvania sai New York duka a kwanaki 7. Mun je hedkwatan tsaro da kuma fadar shugaban }asar Amirka. Mun je Jami’ar Ivy Leagu da sauran wurare masu ban sha’awa, da nake

gani a talabijin. Na kuma sadu da ‘yan Nijeriya da dama da ke Amirka. Na ji da]in abincin ta~a ka lashe na Amirka. Mutanen na da mutunci da karrama bako. Wani abu da na koya shi ne ihisani, ba dole ba ne amma sai ka ga idan mutum ya shiga tasi ko ya ci abinci a gidan sayar da abinci sai idan kana canji sai ka bari a matsayin ihisani, ko ba yawa, leburori na samun }arin ku]i daga irin wannan kyauta.

Ya zama wajibi in godewa Michael Kiselycznyk da Deborah Maclean da Melissa Ford da kuma Nafisa Ahmad da ke ofishin Jakadancin Amirka a Abuja. Sun taimaka mini ainun. Na buga wasu

labarai daga rangadi, har yanzu ina rubuta wasu. Labaran na ya]uwa }warai, kuma yana samun kar~uwa, ‘yan Nijeriya da dama sun soma fahimtar al’ammura game da ma]ugo da luwa]i da harkar saduwa da jinsi ]aya.

Domin ganin labaran Okechukwu, sai a ziyarci yanar gizon sa a www.jakechukwu.

Sakon Edita: Duk ra’ayin da aka bayana a wannan hirar ba yana nufin gwamnatin Amirka ta amince, ko kuma ta ]auki nauyi ba ne. v

Domin ganin labaran Okechukwu, sai a ziyarci yanar gizon sa a www.jakechukwu

Sakon Edita: Duk ra’ayin da aka bayana a wannan hirar ba yana nufin gwamnatin Amirka ta amince da su,

ko kuma ta ]auki nauyi ba ne.

Tattaunawa Game Da Maza masu Tarawa Da Maza Da kuma Mata Masu Tarawa Da Mata 'Yan'uwansu

Wa]anda aka baiwa taimakon sun ha]a da:

• Taimako don dogara da kai da ci gaban }asa.

Wannan aiki ne da Dokta Hauwa Evelyn Yusuf ta gabatar a shekarar 2008, tsohuwar ]alibar IVLP, za ta yi aiki da matasa100 daga Karkarar da ke Jihar Kaduna, inda za su gudanar da aikin da kuma sayar da tsakiya.

Bayan kammala horo na wata shida, ofishin Jakada na sa ran ganin wa]annan matasa sun bu]e masana’antar kansu,

har ma sun baiwa ‘yan uwansu matasa aikin yi, hakan ya zamanto suna samun ku]i don amfanin kansu da kuma samar da aikin yi. Akwai wata tsohuwar ]alibar mai suna Eliza~eth Anche da za ta agaza mata.

• Dip Girls Entrepreneurial Training for Accessing Market (GET-AM).

Ojobo Ode Atuluku, tsohon ]alibi ne tun 1995, yana sanya ran horar da ‘yan mata 50 a }auyukan Oju da Obi a Jihar Binuwai, da suka gaza kammala karatun su, don ya nuna musu akwai wasu hanyoyi

na dogaro da kai. ‘Yan matan za su samu horo ne ta fannin ]inki da yin zannuwan gado da noma da ilimin fasaha na fannin na’ura mai }wa}walwa da aikin kafinta.

Da irin wa]annan koyon sana’ar, za a iya taimaka wa matan su yi dogaro da kansu, wajen samar wa kansu aikin yi.

• Noma don zaman lafiya:Taimaka wa matasa a

Jihar Kaduna don samun da barar yin abubuwa don dogaro da kai. Wasu masana su biyu daga Jami’ar Fulbright, Dokta

Taimakawa Matasan Arewa Da kayayyakin Aiki

Daga shafi na 21

Daga shafi na 11

Duba shafi na 23


Ka ko sani?

Joshua Olalekan Ogunwole da Dokta Hussaina John Maku, sun yi ha]in gwiwa domin gabatar da wani shiri na noma wa matasan. A}alla matasa 120 ne za su amfana daga hanyoyin yin shuka na zamani da dabarun fasahar kiwon kifi.

A cikin watanni 10, za a horar da matasan dabarun kiwon tarwa]a da kasuwanci don

tabbatar ]orewar al’amura.

• Aiki A Mai Ruwa Da Ke Gombe

Dakta Raymond Baiko, wani tsohon ]alibin Jami’ar Fulbright ne, kuma a yanzu shugaban tsofaffin }ungiyar ]aliban Jami’ar Fulbright, ya kuma ci gaba da nuna wa al’umma irin }warewar da ya samo daga Jami’ar.

Ya }o}arta wajen }ir}iro

kasuwancin ruwan sha a garin Gombe da ya la}aba wa suna “Mai Ruwa,” inda ya samo wasu matasa ya basu amalanke don ci gaba da kasuwancin sayar da ruwa. Babban al’amari game da wannan harka shi ne ajiyar ku]i domin tabbatar da ganin cewa ana gyara amalaken, kuma ana samun sababbin ma’aikata, wato na “Mai Ruwa.” v

Taimakawa Matasan Arewa Da kayayyakin AikiDaga shafi na 11

Duba shafi na 2

iskar gas, kuma cikin sau}i ga kamfanoni masu zaman kansu da motocin haya a duk fa]in shiyyar.

Damar da hukumar USTDA ta bayar wajen ]aukar nauyin bincike da kamfanin “Oando Gas and Power” ta bayar, zai yi gasa ne kan harkar kasuwanci na tarraya (FBO) ta yanar gizo. Domin samun isa zuwa yanar gizo ta FBO, za a sanya a yanar

gizon USTDA mai adireshin www.ustda.gov. Duk wani kamfani na }asar Amirka da ke da sha’awa sai ya mi}a aniyar sa kamar yadda }a’idojin FBO ta sanar.

Hukumar kasuwanci da ci gaba (USTDA) tana taimakawa wajen }ir}iro da aiki a Amirka ta hanyar fitar da kayayyaki da ayyuka daga }asar Amirka kan wasu ayyuka da aka baiwa

muhimmanci don ci gaba wajen samar da tattalin arzi}i irin na zamani.

Hukumar USTDA ta samar da dama na kasuwanci na fitar da kayayyakin zuwa waje ta hanyar ]aukar nauyin tsare-tsaren duk wasu harkoki na kasuwanci da kuma samar da kayayyaki ci gaba mai ]orewa da kuma ha~akar tattalin arzi}i a }asashe masu }awance da Amirka. v

Taimakon Ku]i Daga {asar Amirka Don Tabbatar Da Rarraba...

• Shari’ar Buckley da Valeo.

Ma’anar wannan shi ne na wata shari’a da kotun }oli ta yanke mai tarihi, tsakanin mutane biyu, wato Buckley da Valeo. Kotun }olin na Amirka a cikin shekarar 1976 ta yanke hukunci kan kamfe dokar na ku]i, inda ta

amince da shari’ar kotun ]aukaka }ara kan hukuncin da ta yi game da za~en tarayya kan dokar da ta yi bayani kan dacewar bayyana hanyar da ake samun ku]in za~e na ‘yan takara, da iyaka kan bayar da ku]in taimako da tanadin yadda ake kasha ku]in al’umma

a kamfe na shugaban }asa. Kotun ta yi watsi da dokar iyakar kasha ku]i, sai dai iyakar da ]an takarar shugaban }asa ya amince da a inda ya kar~i ku]in al’umma. A don haka, hukuncin ya amince da ]an majalisa ya kasha ku]i son rai wajen kamfe.

Neman Ilimi A Amirka/Hanyoyin Samun LabariAbuja -- Legas

Za~en shugaban }asa na Amirka 2012Dantakarar shugaban }asa na Jami’yyar Republican, Mitt

Romney da shugaba Obama na musabaha a Jami’ar Denver ranar 3 ga watan Oktoba.Bayan game da za~e da kuma hanyar da ake bi don za~e a Amirka:&Muhawara kan za~e: hukumar gudanar da

muhawara kan za~en shugaban }asa. http://www.debates.org/Jaddawalin za~en fitar da ]an takara http://tinyur/. •com/86v0068 Hukumar kula da gudanar da za~e na tarayya ke da •alhakin kulawa da za~en shugaban }asa http://tinyurl.com/95vspkv{a’idojin gudanar da za~en Amirka http://tinyurl.com/ •cqzkohKalmomin za~e na Amirka: http//tinyurl.com/bo23bor •Ofisoshin tarayya na Amirka: Wa zai yi shugabanci a •Washington? http://tinyurl.com/d7h3chg

Akwai wata cibiya a Abuja da Legas da ya tanaje wajen bayar da shawara da kuma bayani, gasasu kuma sahihai bisa kan lokaci game da manyan makarantu da gwamnatin Amirka ta amince da su ga wa]anda suke da sha’awar karatu a Amirka. Don }arin bayani game da

ilimi a Amirka, sai a ziyarci wannan adireshin. http://www.educationusa.state.gov

Cibiyoyin bayar da shawarwari game da ilimi. Abuja:Ofishin Jakandanci na Amirka, Plot 1075 Diplomatic Drive, Central District Area, Abuja. Telephone: 234-09-4614251/4241/4257:: Fax: 234-09-461433/4010; e-mail: [email protected]. Facebook:http://www.facebook.com/educationusa.abuja.Legas:{aramin ofishin Jakadanci, sashen hul]a da jama’a,2 Walter Carrington Crescent; Victoria Island Legas.Tarho: 01 - 460 - 3400/2724/2725/3801/3802e-mail; [email protected]

College and Career FFair 2012Fiye da masu ]aukan ]aliban kwaleji suka halarci bikin shekara na kwalejin wanda EducationUsa Advising Centre (EAC) na Abuja da Legas. An yi bikin ne

tsakanin 16 - 18 a watan Oktoba 2012. Taken bikin shine, “Ci gaban sa~a~~in }awance” (Advancing new partnerships) mu}addashin mataimakin ofishin jakadanci, Melissa Ford ce ta bu]e bikin a Abuja.

Kana son karatu a Amirka?

Za~en Amirka a Takaice (An fitar da shi a 4 ga watan Janairu 2012)Wannan Littafi na 2012 ya yi bayani yadda za~en fitar da gwani da za~en gama gari ke gudana da kuma duk wani aiki na na’urar za~e da ma’aikatan za~en, da ra’ayiun jama’a da ku]in da ake kashewa wajen kanfe. Don karin bayani a duba: http://tinyurl.

Whitney M. Young. Information Resource Centre

Sashin hul]a da al’umma, {aramin ofishinJakadancin Amirka, Lamba 2 Walter Carrington Crescent,

Victoria Island, Legas, Najeriya.Tarho: 01-460-3400Fax: 01-1-261-2218

e-mail: [email protected] bu]ewa ranar Litinin zuwa Alhamis

Daga }arfe 9.00 a.m. zuwa 12.00 p.m. ranar Juma’a.

A aika da duk e-mail zuwa ga [email protected] (Arewa), [email protected] (Kudu) ko [email protected].

Rosa Parks CenterSashen hul]a da al’umma na ofishin Jakadancin AmirkaPlot 1075 Diplomatic Drive, Central District Area,Abuja, Najeriya.Tarho: 09-461-400 Fax: 0-9-461-4011e-mail: Ircabuja elstate.govAna bu]ewa daga }arfe 9.00 a.m. - 4.00 p.m.Litinin zuwa Alhamis.9.00 a.m – 12 noon Friday

Ga Adireshen mu kamar haka:

za~en amirka 2012 jama'a zasu yanke hukunci

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