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TRANSCRIPT
Senj, 26. - 29. rujan 2012. godine, HrvatskaSenj, 26th - 29th September 2012, Croatia
ZBORNIK RADOVAPROCEEDINGS
16. međunarodna konferencija tiskarstva, dizajna i grafičkih komunikacija Blaž Baromić
Knjiga sažetaka Senj, 26. - 29. rujna 2012., Hrvatska
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FOTO: Ivana Pavlović
16th international conference on printing, design and graphic communications Blaž Baromić
Senj, 26th - 29th September 2012, Croatia Book of abstracts
3
16. međunarodna konferencija tiskarstva, dizajna i grafičkih komunikacija Blaž Baromić
16th international conference on printing, design and graphic communications Blaž Baromić
IZDAVAČ / PUBLISHER
Hrvatsko društvo grafičara, Hrvatska / Croatian Society of Graphic Artists, Croatia
UREDNIK / EDITOR
v. pred. dr. sc. Miroslav Mikota
GRAFIČKA UREDNICA / GRAPHIC ART DIRECTOR
Ivana Pavlović, dipl. graf. ing.
TEHNIČKE UREDNICE / TECHNICAL EDITORS
Darija Ćutić, mag.ing.techn.graph. Jelena Kajganović, dipl. graf. ing.
DIZAJN KORICA / COVER DESIGN
Ivana Pavlović, Jelena Kajganović
TISAK / PRINT
AKD, Agencija za komercijalnu djelatnost d.o.o.
ISSN 1848-6193
Niti jedan dio ovog Zbornika ne smije se umnožavati, fotokopirati, prenositi niti na bilo koji način reproducirati bez pismenog odobrenja izdavača.
16. međunarodna konferencija tiskarstva, dizajna i grafičkih komunikacija Blaž Baromić
Knjiga sažetaka Senj, 26. - 29. rujna 2012., Hrvatska
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16th International Conference on Printing, Design and Graphic Communications
16. medunarodna konferencija tiskarstva, dizajna i grafickih komunikacija
ZBORNIK RADOVA
PROCEEDINGS
Senj, 26. - 29. rujna 2012., HrvatskaSenj, 26th - 29th September 2012, Croatia
16th international conference on printing, design and graphic communications Blaž Baromić
Senj, 26th - 29th September 2012, Croatia Book of abstracts
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ORGANIZATORI / ORGANIZERS
Sveučilište u Zagrebu, Grafički fakultet University of Zagreb, Faculty of Graphic Arts, Croatia
Ogranak Matice hrvatske Senj, Hrvatska Matrix Croatica Senj, Croatia
Hrvatsko društvo grafičara, Hrvatska Croatian Society of Graphic Artists, Croatia
Univerza v Ljubljani, Naravoslovnotehniška fakulteta, Ljubljana, Slovenija University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Inštitut za celulozo in papir, Ljubljana, Slovenija Pulp and paper Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
SUORGANIZATORI / CO-ORGANIZER’S
University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno, Czech Republic
Veleučilište u Varaždinu, Varaždin, Hrvatska University of Applied Sciences, Varaždin, Croatia
Sveučilište u Zagrebu, Tekstilno-tehnoloski fakultet University of Zagreb, Faculty of Textile Technology
ORGANIZACIJSKI ODBOR / ORGANIZING COMMITTEE
M. Mikota (voditelj organizacije Konferencije), M. Bilović, K. Draženović-Metelko, K. Golubović, T. Jeličić, G. Kozina, R. Krajačić, M. Milković, N. Mrvac, R. Naprta, D. Nekić, Đ. Osterman Parac, I. Pavlović, V. Rutar, A. Tomaš, D. Vusić, I. Zjakić
PROGRAMSKI I RECENZIJSKI ODBOR / PROGRAMME AND REVIEW COMMITTEE
W. Bauer (Aus), S. Bračko (Slo), M. Brozović (Cro), M. Cheppan (Sl), D. Čerepinko (Cro), P. Dzik (Ch), N. Enlund (Swe), D. Gregor-Svetec, (Slo), J.Gyorkos (Slo), A. Hladnik (Slo), C. Horvath (Hu), M. Jurković (Cro), H. Kipphan (Ger), M. Mikota (Cro), M. Milković (Cro), D. Modrić (Cro), N. Mrvac (Cro), A. Nazor (Cro), B. Neff Dostal (SAD), K. Možina (Slo), Z. Paszek (Pol.), Đ. Osterman Parac (Cro), M. Plenković (Cro), A. Politis (Gre), Z. Schauperl (Cro), K. Skala (Cro), A. Tomljenović (Cro), M. Vesely (Ch), G. Vlachos (Gre), E. Vlajki (Ca), D. Vusić (Cro), W. Walat (Pol.), M. Zlateva (Bug), I. Zjakić (Cro).
Naklada / Issue: 150
16. međunarodna konferencija tiskarstva, dizajna i grafičkih komunikacija Blaž Baromić
Knjiga sažetaka Senj, 26. - 29. rujna 2012., Hrvatska
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Uvodna riječ
Cijenjene kolegice, cijenjeni kolege,
pred Vama je Zbornik radova 16. međunarodne konferencije tiskarstva dizajna i grafičkih komunikacija Blaž Baromić koji sadrži znanstvene radove kroz koje su pokrivene teme Konferencije: povijest tiskarstva, knjige i pisma, grafičke komunikacije i mediji, grafički dizajn, fotografija, izdavaštvo, priprema za tisak, tisak, dorada, ambalaža, sustav upravljanja bojom i kolorimetrija, materijali, postojanost papira i otisaka, kontrola kvalitete, marketing, ekologija i ostale teme vezane uz tiskarstvo, dizajn i grafičke komunikacije.
Radove, koje možete pronaći u ovom zborniku, recenzirali su članovi Međunarodnog znanstvenog i recenzijskog odbora Konferencije, no za sadržaj radova i podatke iznesene u njima odgovaraju sami autori pojedinog rada.
Posebno poglavlje Zbornika čine mentorirani studentski radovi koji su u sklopu Konferencije nominirani za Nagradu za najbolji studentski rad.
Vjerujem da ćete u Zborniku pronaći zanimljive radove koji će Vas upoznati s novim znanstvenim istraživanjima i saznanjima te koji će biti poticaj daljnjem znanstvenom radu i razvoju u područjima objavljenih radova.
Svim autorima, organizatorima Konferencije, članovima Organizacijskog i Znanstvenog i recenzijskog odbora, sponzorima i donatorima te timu koji je oblikovao i realizirao ovaj zbornik zahvaljujem na suradnji, doprinosu i trudu zahvaljujući kojem je Zbornik i realiziran.
Urednik
16th international conference on printing, design and graphic communications Blaž Baromić
Senj, 26th - 29th September 2012, Croatia Book of abstracts
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Introduction Words
Dear Colleagues,
The Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Printing, Design and Graphic Communications Blaž Baromić is in front of you. The Proceedings contents abstracts of scientific papers covering Conference topics: History of printing, book and script, Graphic communications and media, Graphic design, Photography, Publishing, Prepress, Press, Postpress, Packaging, Color management, Materials, Paper and print durability, Quality control, Marketing, Ecology and other topics related to printing, design and graphic communications.
All papers are reviewed by members of the International scientific and review committee, however the contents and date of the papers are the sole responsibility of the authors.
Special chapter of the Proceedings is the chapter with mentored students’ papers nominated for the Prize for the best student paper.
I believe that you will find interesting papers with new data about scientific researches and knowledge, which will be incentive for further scientific work and development in the area of the papers published in the Proceedings.
I thank for the participation and cooperation in the creation of the Proceedings to all authors, Conference participants, Conference organizers, members of Organizing and Scientific and Review Committees, sponsors, donators and the team which designed and realized the Proceedings!
Editor
16. međunarodna konferencija tiskarstva, dizajna i grafičkih komunikacija Blaž Baromić
Knjiga sažetaka Senj, 26. - 29. rujna 2012., Hrvatska
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SADRžAJ / CONTENTS
ZNANSTVENI RADOVI SCIENTIFIC PAPERS
INFRAREDESIGN TISKARSKA TEHNOLOGIJA KOJA OBJEDINJUJE VIZUALNI I INFRACRVENI SPEKTARINFRAREDESIGN PRINTING TECHNOLOGY WHICH COMBINES VISUAL AND INFRARED SPECTRUMIvana žiljak Stanimirović 14
INFRAREDESIGN NA AMBALAžI U FARMACEUTSKOJ INDUSTRIJIINFRAREDESIGN ON PACKAGING IN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRYJana žiljak Vujić, Dora Perčić 38
INVESTIGATION OF VIBRATIONS IN OFFSET PRINTING UNIT AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON THE QUALITY OF THE PRINTSJuliusz Krzyżkowski, Georgij Petriaszwili, Yuriy Pyryev 47
INDIVIDUALNI FILTER „KIŠA“ U TRANSFORMACIJI SLIKOVNOG ELEMENTAINDIVIDUALIZED FILTER „RAIN“ IN THE TRANSFORMATION OF PICTURE ELEMENTMaja Rudolf, Nikolina Stanić Loknar, Tajana Koren, Aleksandra Bernašek 57
DINAMIČKA KONVERZIJA POSTSCRIPT JEZIKA U SVG JEZIKDYNAMIC CONVERSION FROM POSTSCRIPT TO SVGRutger Pancirov Cornelisse, Klaudio Pap, Nikolina Stanić Loknar 67
THE EFFECT OF COPPER PIGMENTS ON CONSERVATION STATE OF CULTURAL HERITAGE MATERIALS HELD BY LIBRARIESDragica Krstić, Marinka Petti, Andro Šimičić 77
OPLEMENJIVANJE DENIMA - SPECIJALNI EFEKTIFINISHING OF DENIM - SPECIAL EFFECTSTanja Pušić, Tihana Dekanić, Ivo Soljačić 86
MATRICA POSLOVNE TEHNOLOGIJE KAO TEMELJ RAZVOJA INFORMACIJSKOG SUSTAVA ZA GRAFIČKO-NAKLADNIČKU DJELATNOSTBUSINESS TECHNOLOGY MATRIX AS BASIS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF IT SYSTEM IN PURPOSE OF GRAPHIC AND PUBLISHING INDUSTRYIvan Dunđer, Vedran Juričić, Ivan Pogarčić 95
PROJEKT RAZVOJA WEB KORISNIČKOG SUČELJA VELEUČILIŠTA U VARAžDINUDEVELOPMENT PROJECT OF THE WEB USER INTERFACE POLITEHNIC OF VARAžDINRobert Geček, Damir Vusić 108
THE ISSUES IN DISPLAYING FONT ON THE E-BOOK READER, PC TABLET, AND MOBILEPHONEBojan Banjanin, Uroš Nedeljković 123
16th international conference on printing, design and graphic communications Blaž Baromić
Senj, 26th - 29th September 2012, Croatia Book of abstracts
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UPOTREBA EYETRACKING TEHNOLOGIJE ZA ISTRAžIVANJE INTERAKCIJE IZMEĐU PROMATRAČA NA PODRUČJU OBLIKOVANJA MEDIJA, AMBALAžE I BOJA HRANEEYETRACKING TECHNOLOGY FOR STUDYING INTERACTION BETWEEN OBSERVER IN THE FIELD OF MEDIA DESIGN, PACKAGING AND COLOR OF FOOD Gregor Franken, Klemen Možina, Andrej Iskra 135
ULOGA ILUSTRACIJE U GRAFIČKOM DIZAJNUROLE OF ILLUSTRATIONS IN GRAPHIC DESIGNMarino Plećaš, Mario Tomiša, Robert Geček 147
UPRAVLJANJE DIGITALNIM PRAVIMA (DRM) – ZAŠTITA KNJIGA NA INTERNETUDIGITAL RIGHTS MANAGEMENT (DRM) – PROTECTION OF BOOKS ON THE INTERNETDean žvorc, Petar Miljković 162
USPOREDBA METODOLOGIJA KONZERVATORSKO-RESTAURATORSKIH RADOVA NA TRI RUKOPISNA PRIJEPISA OSMANA IVANA GUNDULIĆA COMPARISON METHODOLOGY FOR CONSERVATION-RESTORATION OF THREE MANUSCRIPT COPY WRITTEN BY IVAN GUNDULIĆLucija Ašler, Martina Pavec, Vlasta Petruša 169
UTJECAJ SIMULTANOG KONTRASTA NA PERCEPCIJU OTISKATHE INFLUENCE OF SIMULTANEOUS LIGHTNESS CONTRAST ON THE PRINT PERCEPTIONAna Bevanda, Nikola Mrvac, Mile Matijević 180
NOVO DOBA INTERNET GRAFIČKIH KOMUNIKACIJA - DRUŠTVENE MREžE U TRAžENJU POSLOVANEW TIME INTERNET GRAPHIC COMMUNICATIONS - SOCIAL NETWORKS IN JOB SEARCHINGSanja Bjelovučić Kopilović, Ivor Strelar, Vlatko Kopilović 190
KVATERNIONI U 3D GRAFIČKIM APLIKACIJAMA I ROBOTICI PRIMIJENLJIVOJ U GRAFIČKOJ INDUSTRIJIQUATERNIONS IN 3D GRAPHIC APPLICATIONS AND ROBOTICS IN GRAPHIC ARTS INDUSTRYSanja Bjelovučić Kopilović, Benjamin Vuković, Vlatko Kopilović 199
ANALIZA PREZENTACIJE INFORMACIJA U HRVATSKIM I SRPSKIM TISKANIM MEDIJIMAANALISYS OF INFORMATION PRESENTATION METHODS IN CROATIAN AND SERBIAN PRINT MEDIAIvona Čulo, Mario Periša, Marin Milković 214
UTJECAJ METODOLOGIJE IMPLEMENTACIJE ERP INFORMATIČKOG SUSTAVA ZA PUNU FUNKCIONALNOST PROIZVODNOG PROCESAINFLUENCE OF IMPLEMENTATION METHODOLOGY OF ERP INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR FULL FUNCTIONALITY PRODUCTION PROCESSMarko Morić, Damir Modrić, Jelena Vlašić 224
LIKOVNA, SADRžAJNA I GRAFIČKA PRIMJERENOST STRIPA ZA DJECU OSNOVNOŠKOLSKE DOBIVISUAL ART, CONTENT AND GRAPHICAPPROPRIATION OF COMICS TO PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDRENDanijela Mazal Ostojić, Ivana Andrić Penava, Snježana Marić 234
IMPLIKACIJE U KONTROLI KVALITETE TISKA NA PAPIRU KOJI SADRžI AGENS ZA IZBJELJIVANJEPRINTING QUALITY CONTROL IMPLICATIONS ON PAPER WITH OBAS (OPTICAL BRIGHTENING AGENTS)Roberto Pašić, Snežana Andonovska, Aleksandar Markoski 246
16. međunarodna konferencija tiskarstva, dizajna i grafičkih komunikacija Blaž Baromić
Knjiga sažetaka Senj, 26. - 29. rujna 2012., Hrvatska
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UTJECAJ KALIBRACIJSKIH KRIVULJA NA PRIRAST RASTERTONSKIH VRIJEDNOSTI U OFSETNOM TISKUINFLUENCE OF CALIBRATION CURVES ON DOT GAIN IN OFFSET PRINTINGJelena Vlašić, Marin Milković, Marko Morić 253
SMJERNICE KRUTOSTI HRPTA KNJIžNOG BLOKAPAPERBACK BLOCK SPINE STIFFNESS PROPOSITIONMarijana Petrović, Suzana Pasanec Preprotić, Igor Majnarić 262
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SEX APPEAL IN ADVERTISING IN RELATION TO SEMIOTIC CODESIrma Puškarević, Uroš Nedeljković 273
STRATEGIJA DIGITALIZACIJE I OBRADE VIZUALNIH SADRžAJADIGITALIZATION STRATEGY AND VISUAL CONTENT PROCESSINGLana Madračević 287
EYE TRACKING USABILITY OF DIFFERENT WEB GALERIES Andrej Iskra, Klemen Možina, Franken Gregor 297
CHARACTERIZATION OF THE DETERIORATION OF A 2D CODE DUE TO COUNTERFEITINGAurore Lanneau, Lionel Chagas, Nadège Reverdy-Bruas 308
RAZVOJ GRAFIČKE TEHNOLOGIJE I UNAPREĐENJE IZDAVAČKO-TISKARSKE DJELATNOSTI HIDROGRAFSKIH ORGANIZACIJADEVELOPMENT OF GRAPHIC TECHNOLOGY AND ADVANCEMENT OF PUBLISHING-AND-PRINTING ACTIVITIES OF HYDROGRAPHIC ORGANIZATIONSTonći Jeličić, Josip Kasum, Milivoj Pogančić 319
FORMIRANJE MODERNE FOTOGRAFIJETHE FORMATION OF THE MODERN PHOTOGRAPHYIvana Pavlović, Miroslav Mikota 337
RAZVOJ NAPREDNOG KORISNIČKOG SUČELJA U WEB 2.0 OKRUžENJUDEVELOPMENT OF ADVANCED USER INTERFACE IN WEB 2.0 ENVIRONMENTMarko Čačić, Marin Milković, Mario Tomiša 348
OPTIMIZACIJA RADNIH OPERACIJA I PLANIRANJA U KNJIGOVEŠTVUOPTIMIZATION OF THE OPERATIONS AND PLANNING IN BOOKBINDING PRODUCTIONDiana Bratić 366
ANALIZA DERFORMACIJA LINIJE NA DIGITALNIM REPRODUKCIJAMA BARKODOVALINE DEFORMATION ANALYSIS IN DIGITAL REPRODUCTION BARCODESDanijela Markotić, Nikolina Puceković, Irena Bates 375
DISTRIBUIRANO RENDERIRANJE UZ UPOTREBU GRIDA U GRAFIČKOJ TEHNOLOGIJIDISTRIBUTED RENDERING USING GRID IN GRAPHIC TECHNOLOGYKarolj Skala, Tibor Skala, Mirsad Todorovac 386
16th international conference on printing, design and graphic communications Blaž Baromić
Senj, 26th - 29th September 2012, Croatia Book of abstracts
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METODE RUDARENJA PODATAKA ZA PREDVIĐANJE PROLAZNOSTI NA KOLEGIJUDATA MINING METHODS FOR PREDICTING COURSE PASSING RATESDamira Keček, Marin Milković, Krunoslav Hajdek 392
OBLIKOVANJE MODELA NORMIRANJA VREMENA TISKA I POTROŠNJE PAPIRA U NOVINSKOJ PROIZVODNJIESTABLISHING A NORMIZATION MODEL FOR PRINTING TIME AND PAPER CONSUMPTION IN NEWSPAPER PRINTINGAnte Tomaš, Nikola Mrvac, Zdeslav Schreiber, Karlo Emarcora 402
ANALIZA ZASTUPLJENOSTI POZICIJA I žANRA SNIMANJA FOTOGRAFIJA U VEČERNJEM I JUTARNJEM LISTU POSITION AND GENRE OF SHOOTING PHOTOGRAPHY IN „VEČERNJI LIST“ AND „JUTARNJI LIST“ ANALYSISMirta Takač, Mario Periša, Marin Milković 409
ELEKTRONIČKO IZDAVAŠTVO - BUDUĆNOST ČASOPISA?ELECTRONIC PUBLISHING – THE FUTURE OF MAGAZINES?Gorana Tomić, Nikola Mrvac, Mile Matijević, Goran Kozina 419
USSAGE OF GCC PARTICLE MODIFICATION IN PAPER COATING TECHNOLOGY K. Možina, V. Rutar 431
COLOR FASTNESS OF BLACK PRINTS ON WHITE TEXTILE SUBSTRATESAntoneta Tomljenović, Igor Zjakić, Tomislav Rolich 438
WEB SERVIS ZA POPULACIJSKU INTEGRACIJU PREMA CILJNOJ KONVERGENCIJI – CIRCLIESOCIAL WEB SERVICE FOR GROUP COLLABORATION AND COMMUNICATION – CIRCLIEMario Janković, Sven Kapuđija, Tibor Skala, Ivan Dunđer 450
UTJECAJ DODATAKA OTOPINI ZA VLAžENJE NA KOROZIJU STROJNIH DIJELOVAINFLUENCE OF ADDITIVES IN FOUNTAIN SOLUTION ON CORROSION OF MACHINE PARTSKrešimir Dragčević, Mladen Lovreček 458
UTJECAJ PRIMJENE POLARIZACIJSKOG FILTERA NA BOJE SNIMLJENE FOTOGRAFIJEIMPACTOF THE POLARIZING FILTERON THE COLORSOF SHOT PHOTOGRAPHSMiroslav Mikota, Ivana Pavlović 473
DIZAJN I TISAK SKRIVENIH PODATAKA NA KOžI SA SPOT BOJILIMA KOJE IMAJU POZNATI Z FAKTORDESIGN AND PRINT OF HIDDEN INFORMATION ONLEATHER WITH SPOT INKS THAT HAVE KNOWN Z FACTORIvana žiljak Stanimirović, Jadranka Akalović, Jana žiljak Vujić 479
ALGORITMI I IZVORNI KOD ZA MJERENJE KOLIČINE PAPIRA I PRAZNIH PROSTORA U VALOVITOM KARTONUALGORITHMS AND SOURCE CODE FOR MEASURING PAPER QUANTATIES AND IN CURROGATED BOARDDenis Jurečić, Nikolina Stanić, Vilko žiljak, Branka Lajić, Ivana žiljak Stanimirović 491
16. međunarodna konferencija tiskarstva, dizajna i grafičkih komunikacija Blaž Baromić
Knjiga sažetaka Senj, 26. - 29. rujna 2012., Hrvatska
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INFRARED TEHNOLOGIJA U FLEKSOTISKU SA SPOT BOJAMAINFRARED TECHNOLOGY IN FLEXOGRAPHIC PRINTING WITH SPOT COLORSMartina Friščić, Ivana žiljak Stanimirović, Jana žiljak Vujić 503
STRučNI IZVjEšTAj REPORT 513
PACKAGING AS A SPECIALTY, REALISING IN COLLEGETerekhova Larissa, Shcheglova Vladislava 514 STuDENTSKI RADOVI STuDENT PAPERS 518
METODOLOGIJA PREPOZNAVANJA KRIVOTVORENIH NOVČANICA NA PRIMJERU HRVATSKIH KUNATHE METHODOLOGY OF IDENTIFICATION OF COUNTERFEIT BANK NOTES IN THE EXAMPLE OF CROATIAN KUNAVedrana Peko, Jovica Opačić 519
PREDNOSTI I MANE STATIČNIH I DINAMIČNIH WEB SJEDIŠTAADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF STATIC AND DYNAMIC WEB SITESAna Agić, Iva Sušilović 542
PSIHOFIZIČKI DOžIVLJAJ I KOLORIMETRIJA BOJA BRENDOVAPSYCHOPHYSICAL EXPERIENCE AND BRANDS COLORIMETRY Tea Car, Maja Fuček, Jelena Poljak 553
PRIMJENA ANIMIRANO-STATIČNIH (žIVOLIKIH) SLIKA U GRAFIČKOJ TEHNOLOGIJITHE USE OF ANIMATED-STATIC (LIFELIKE) PICTURES IN GRAPHIC TEHNOLOGYTihana Cegur 566
MREžA GRADACITY LACEMatija Čop 577
IDEJA, PROJEKT I IZRADA SLIKOVNICE “KARLINA PRVA BIBLIJA„ – STUDIJA SLUČAJACONCEPT, PROJECT AND MAKING OF PICTURE BOOK KARLA’S FIRST BIBLE„ – CASE STUDYMajda Horvat 585
U BEZDANU SIMULACIJE I NOVIH MEDIJAIN THE ABYSS OF SIMULATION AND NEW MEDIAPetra Krpan 599
UTJECAJ KONTROLIRANOG ELEKTROMAGNETSKOG ZRAČENJA NA DEGRADACIJU OPTIČKIH SVOJSTAVA PAPIRAINFLUENCE OF CONTROLLED ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION ON DEGRADATION OF OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF PAPERDeni Macinić, Matija Juričko, Juraj Baškarad 607
16th international conference on printing, design and graphic communications Blaž Baromić
Senj, 26th - 29th September 2012, Croatia Book of abstracts
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TERMIČKI INDUCIRANA DEGRADACIJA PAPIRATHERMALLY INDUCED DEGRADATION OF PAPERMara Modrić, Sandra Mustač, Dijana Vojvodić 620
UTJECAJ IDEJNOG RJEŠENJA POP-UP SLIKOVNICE NA REALIZACIJU VRSTE UVEZA KNJIGOVEŠKOG PROIZVODAIMPACT OF THE CONCEPTUAL DESIGN FOR POP-UP PICTURE BOOKS ON THE REALIZATION OF BOOK BINDING TYPESonja Batušić, Stela Kovačić, Tiziana Tomadin 632
KONTROLA KVALITETE POLIAMIDNIH MATERIJALA ZA SPECIFIČNU NAMJENUQUALITY CONTROLOF POLYAMIDE MATERIALS FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATIONKristina Rusak 647
LINIJA žENSKOG TIJELA U FUNKCIJI DIZAJNATHE FEMALE SILHOUETTE AS A FUNCTION OF DESIGNVedrana Šehagić 659
STUPANJ MINIMALNOG KONTRASTA IZMEĐU PODLOGE I PROČELJA QR KODA ZA OČUVANJE ČITLJIVOSTI I PRIMJENU U MARKETINŠKE SVRHEMINIMUM DEGREE OF CONTRAST BETWEEN SURFACE AND QR CODE FOR THE PRESERVATION OF READABILITY AND USAGE IN MARKETINGAleksandar Rapaić, Iva Mesić 670
INDEx 683
SPONZORI / SPONSORS DONATORI / DONATORS 688
16th international conference on printing, design and graphic communications Blaž Baromić
Senj, 26th - 29th September 2012, Croatia Book of abstracts
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ZNANSTVENI RADOVI SCIENTIFIC PAPERS
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262
PAPERBACK BLOCK SPINE STIFFNESS PROPOSITION
SMJERNICE KRUTOSTI HRPTA KNJIŽNOG BLOKA
Marijana Petrović, Suzana Pasanec Preprotić, Igor Majnarić
Grafički fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Getaldićeva 2, Zagreb, Hrvatska
E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
ABSTRACT
The goal of this research is to determine which type of paper and adhesive has better
properties on Paperback block spine characteristics. Individual pages of book block are fixed
for the single-piece cover sheet in the spinal area which causes problems during the books
opening. For these research there were selected uncoated and coated papers, which are
bonded with hot-melt and PUR adhesives. The purpose was to show which combinations of
paper and adhesive gives the best book block strength. Changing the parameters (paper,
adhesive) has a strong influence on dynamical strain in the line connection, and therefore on
strength of book itself.
Key words: binding line, block spine stiffness, paper and adhesive properties, adhesive joint strength
SAŽETAK
Glavni cilj ovog rada je odrediti koje vrste papira i ljepila pokazuju bolja svojstva na mjestu
linije uvezivanja meko uvezane lijepljene knjige. Pojedinačne stranice knjižnoga bloka su
fiksirane za jednodijelne kartonske korice u hrptenom dijelu zbog čega dolazi do problema
prilikom otvaranja knjige. Za ispitivanje smo odabrali nepremazani i premazani papir, koji su
uvezivani sa hot-melt i PUR ljepilom. Svrha je bila prikazati koja kombinacija papira i ljepila
daje najbolju čvrstoću knjižnoga bloka. Promjena parametara (papir, ljepilo) ima snažan
utjecaj na naprezanje u liniji veza, a time i samu čvrstoću knjige.
Ključne riječi: linija uvezivanja, krutost hrpta knjižnog bloka, svojstva papira i ljepila, čvrstoća slijepljenog spoja
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1 INTRODUCTION
Perfect (adhesive) binding is complex method of bookbinding where a flexible adhesive band
together a loose leaves into a solid book block.(1, 2) Application of the adhesive to the edges
of the loose leaves (block spine) together to the single-piece cover papers is frequently used.
This creates a direct connection between block spine and cover. Although perfect binding is
the traditional adhesive bound format known for its mass production, economy and ability to
bind thick and thin books, its main drawback is the book’s spine that’s often not flexible
enough to remain open by itself. This means that perfect binding has particularly block spine
stiffness. Loose leaves tend not to want to lay flat. If the book is forced open aggressively,
the block spine tends to snap. After that the loose leaves fall out and the paperback block is
ruined. In perfect binding, block spine stiffness is usually caused of adverse cross-grain
paper and re-acclimation subsequent to the binding process. (3,4)
2 THEORETICAL PART
2.1 Paperback block spine stiffness depends on paper characteristics
Choice of high paper grades (EN 643:2001) is crucial in Paperback adhesive binding. (5)
Paper bindability has partly impact on Paperback block spine stiffness characteristics.
Jermann studies have shown that paper structure to affects enough the block spine
designing. (6) Further, papers drapeability refers to its ability to fall naturally, paper drapes
easily into the gutter margin during the Paperback opening. Previous studies have shown
that high grades papers properties lead to the gutter margin differences. High paper grades
stiffness increasing tends to remain in upstanding loose leaf position during Paperback
opening. It takes significant force to paper drapes into the gutter margin. Accordingly, its
drapaebility indicates how much loose leaf able to open to the binding line. Paperback block
spine form never allows to lay open flat and loose leaves binding edges transfer tensile
stress. (7) Korhonen, Gastel, Roberts, Lamb and Southworth studies have shown that inter
phase region (adherend) can only improve adhesive bond strength. (8-11) Lamb has said
that paper morphology especially its surface roughness properties mostly influence on
mechanical interlocking adhesion intensity. Packman has said that adhesive bond strength is
based on mechanical interlocking adhesion. (12) Further, Plowman has said that paper grain
direction needs running parallel with Paperback block spine. (13) Paper hygroscopic nature
due to it’s constantly change to reach equilibrium with its environment. Like a sponge, paper
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fibers are either expanding through moisture absorption or contracting through moisture loss.
Generally paper fibers expand and shrinkage more in their width than in length, due to high
paper grades shrink more in the cross grain direction. When Paperback and cover adhesive
binding have grain direction perpendicular to the block spine, varying buckle of loose leaves
may develop. Further loose leaves naturally and uniformly push out from fixed block spine to
the open face. Grain direction enables Paperback lay flat in a broader range of ambient
conditions. (4) Therefore high paper grades conditions must comply with Standard conditions
in order to prevent Paperback opening problems. Thickness and bulk properties mostly
influence on high paper grades drapeability. Generally, Paperback adhesive binding includes
cheap porous high paper grades, uncoated rather than surface coated high paper grades.
The uncoated high paper grades tend to have Paperback block spine stiffness reduction and
adhesive binding strength increasing. On the other hand, surface coated high paper grades
cause its higher stiffness.
2.2 Adhesive properties influence on Paperback binding line characteristics
Generally, hot melt and PUR adhesive have different effects on Paperbacks block spine
stiffness. High paper grades drapeabilitiy increasing tends to have higher adhesive potential
energy on the Paperback line binding (opening, listing). Hot-melt adhesive has lower
resistance to pulling in relation to elastic PUR. Consequently, loose leaf which is not able to
open to the binding line and Paperback block spine is exposed to higher potential energy. (7)
On the other hand, PUR adhesive tends to stretch and compress without Paperback binding
line failure. Adhesive application in Paperback perfect binding enables flexible block spine to
return to previous state after stress action (pull, peel). Therefore adhesive flexibility
characteristic is the most relevant factor in adhesive binding. (6)
3 EXPERIMENTAL
Paperback binding quality depends exclusively on adherend characteristics including high
paper grades and adhesive properties. Furthermore, technological adhesive parameters
have an impact on binding line characteristics including appropriate block spine preparation
and adhesive application (thickness layer, open dray time). (14) Paperback binding line tends
to open flat without damaging the block spine shape. High paper grades performance mostly
influence on line binding quality than adhesive (hot-melt, PUR). On the other hand
appropriate combination papers and adhesive type contributes to adherend characteristics to
accomplish better binding strength results. Block spine evaluation is subject of paper
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research. Interface high paper grades and adhesive is observed to the Paperback line
binding flexibility evaluation.
The first part of paper research including the Paperback binding strength (adhesive joint
strength). (15) A binding endurance test (pull-test) determines the force required to pull a
loose leaf from block spine. Pull test measurement including tearing and pulling force from
line binding, adherend layer is measured. The results Fz (N/cm) is compared with a rating of
adhesive joint strength (bad, sufficient, good and very good binding strength) according to
FOGRA guidelines for page pull test. (16,17) Arithmetic mean was calculated based on ten
measurements. Paperbacks made from different high paper grades (uncoated, coated) and
adhesives (hot-melt and PUR) under optimal quality and standardized conditions perfect
binding process (ISO 11800, 187, 3219), (Tab, 1 and 2).
Table 1 Selected adhesive under perfect binding technological specification
Table 2 Selected High paper grades properties
The
sequence
number
Paper type Basic weight
(g/m2)
Thickness
(µm) Bulk (g/m3) Paper Mark
1. Two-sided coated paper
BVS matt Scheufelen 114,85 101,25 0,88 P_115
2. Uncoated paper
Masterprint 79,85 103,23 1,29 N_80
The
sequence
number
Adhesive name/Mark Viscosity (Pa*s)
Adhesive
operating
temperature (°C)
Adhesive
open drying
time
Type adhesive binding
machine, speed
1. HM/Planatol 6010 HM 2,20 130 6 sec Müller Martini
Pony 5, 600 books/hour
2. PUR/Durmelt
QR3317BR 7,20 130 24 h
Müller Martini Normbinder
1500 books/hour
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The paperback unprinted sample specification is 15cm (width) x 21 cm (height) x 64 loose
leaves (volume). The loose leaves binding edge (line binding) run parallel with grain
direction, parallel with paperback height. The binding edges are filled with adhesive and
loose leaves are locked in fixed block spine without radius. Four Paperback samples with
identical spine treatment condition were made according to preliminary tests.
4 RESULTS AND DISSCUSION
In the first part, measurement of Paperback binding strength is presented in Figure 1-2. The
Paperback samples conditioning were performed in compliance with Standard HRN ISO 187,
over 24 hours. Adhesive joint strength results for HM and PUR adhesive are compared in
order to analyze Paperback spine block stiffness. Hot-melt adhesive was shown sufficient
Paperback adhesive binding strength. On the other hand PUR adhesive has showed very
good binding strength results for all high paper grades.
Paper surface composition is more relevant factor on adherend characteristics with hot-melt
adhesive. Paper surface roughness enhancement and ash content reduction properties
mostly improve adherend. Coating particles (coated paper) are retained on Paperback block
spine surface, adhesive interlocking adhesion is reduced which leads to cracking of
Paperback line binding. Applications of hot melt adhesive and coated high paper grades
mostly influence on adhesive joint strength results decrease. On the other hand PUR
adhesive application regardless to high paper grades type improves excellent adhesive joint
strength results as presented on Figure 3.
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Figure 1 Paperback adhesive binding strength results of N_80
Figure 2 Paperback adhesive binding strength results of P_115
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Figure 3 Paperback adhesive binding strength results including N_80 and P_115 with HM and PUR adhesive
In the second part of the research, adherend was examined in environmental scanning
microscope. The paper mechanical properties affect on adhesive joint strength results due to
the external load is transmitted across inter phase region. Further, adherend characteristics
tend to binding line failure also. The Paperback (loose leaf) line binding for N_80 and PUR
adhesive is presented on Figure 4a. The substrate (high paper grades) failure mode appears
as fiber network fracture beyond the line binding. Further adhesive join failure (line binding)
appears hot-melt adhesive application without fibers network fracture (Fig.4b).
a) b)
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c) d)
Figure 4a-d Loose leaf line binding failure mode
The Paperback (loose leaf) line binding for N_80 and PUR adhesive is presented on Figure
4a. The substrate (high paper grades) failure mode appears as fiber network fracture beyond
the line binding.
The substrate failure appears as significant fiber network fracture beyond the loose leaf line
binding with high paper grades P_115 and PUR adhesive (Fig.4c), while the adhesive joint
failure is established with hot melt (Fig. 4d).
Visual evaluation directly explains adherend characteristics involving adhesive joint strength
results changes. Hot-melt adhesive causes adhesive joint failure because its chemical bond
inability with high paper grades.
Paperback open ability characteristics partially depend on high paper grades drapeability, but
much more on adhesive elasticity (Fig. 5a-d). Block spine stiffness is higher with hot-melt
adhesive. Flat back spine is cased a one-peace covering (13), it prevents the arc of the
opening because adhesive has no elastic properties. Paperback block stiffness increasing
cause adhesive binding strength results reduction. Block spine transformation is related to
adhesive binding strength.
Paperback flat spine flexes when its opens only with PUR elastic adhesive including high
paper grades (uncoated, coated). Arc is occurred across the block spine only with elastic
adhesive (Fig.5a and Fig. 5c). One-peace cover cracking on block spine occurs exclusively
due to samples preparation for microscopic view (Fig. 5a). Adhesive binding strength results
increasing are occurred primarily because block spine flexibility. Although hot melt adhesive
layer thickness is higher than PUR adhesive (Fig.5b-d), block spine arc isn’t occurred due to
fixed binding edges. Coated paper P_115 tends to cohesive failure due to surface coating, its
stiffness generates low potential energy with hot-melt adhesive. On the other hand paper
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P_115 is allowed to flex at line binding, significant potential energy is concentrated on
adhesive line. Furthermore, PUR adhesive is compressed and stretched allowing the loose
leave to flex without failure including high paper grades N_80 and P_115.
a) N_80 with PUR b) N_80 with HM
c) P_115 with PUR d) P_115 with HM
Figure 5a-d Paperback block spine open ability - cross section view
5 CONCLUSION
Adhesive elastic properties have major influences on block spine stiffness. Its stiffness
characteristics affects on Paperback open ability reduction. The high paper grades
drapeability has lower impact on block spine stiffness. Generally, block spine stiffness
increases with hot-melt adhesive application including high paper grades N_80 and P_115.
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On the other hand, PUR adhesive stretch and compress abilities allow returning to previous
state without failure. It occurs paperback block spine stiffness reducing.
It was found that high paper grades (coated) tend to bend easily, its drapaebility reducing
occurs block spine stiffness even more. On the contrary Paperback open ability isn’t reduced
because adhesive elasticity. Furthermore, Paperback binding strength result increasing
tends to block spine stiffness reducing because adhesive generates low potential energy on
spine line fixed. Hot-melt adhesive prevent generates potential energy on fixed block spine
because binding strength results reducing or block spine stiffness increasing regardless of
paper drapaebility decreasing.
This preliminary research can be used in future with the aim of achieving optimal production
of Paperback block spine stiffness including different paper grades and adhesive types.
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Senj, 26. - 29. rujan 2012. godine, HrvatskaSenj, 26th - 29th September 2012, Croatia
ZBORNIK RADOVAPROCEEDINGS
ORGANIZATORI / ORGANIZERS
Sv te u Zagrebu, Gr ki fakultet, Zagreb, Hrvatska University of Zagreb, Faculty of Graphic Arts, Zagreb, C roatia
Veleu te u Vara dinu, Vara din, Hrvatska University of Applied Sciences, Vara din, Croatia
Sv te u Zagrebu, Tekstilno-tehnološki fakultet, Zagreb, HrvatskaUniversity of Zagreb, Faculty of Textile Technology, Zagreb, Croatia
Ogranak Matice hrvatske Senj, Senj, Hrvatska
Univerza v Ljubljani, Naravoslovnotehniška fakulteta, Ljubljana, Slovenija
University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Inštitut za celulozo in papir, Ljubljana, Slovenija
Pulp and paper Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Zagreb, HrvatskaCroatian Society of Graphic Artists, Zagreb, Croatia
SUORGANIZATORI / CO-ORGANIZERS
University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno, Czech Republic
Matrix Croatica Senj, Croatia
ISSN 1848-6193