zero off · increase your pull or load on the rope, reducing the boat’s speed. and the same is...
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Zero Off VERSION R
International Waterski and Wakeboard Federation
USA Water Ski
American Water Ski Association
Will Bush
+1 (916) 837-7464
Rev Date 04 / 01/ 2013
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Zero Off GPS Speed Control System
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New Displays beginning 2013
Expect to see other boat manufacturers to do the same
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What else is NEW for 2013?
– Version R Approved for use – USAWS / AWSA Towboat Tests
– Slalom – NEW “+“ PLUS features
– Jump – RTB modified so that speed returns to the set speed in 41m
segment
– Jump - Change times displayed to 3 --52m, 82 m, and 41 m segments.
– User selectable TORM (Throttle Over Ride Mode)
– River Mode option added for use to compensate for any water currents.
– New option that changes system settings with different propellers – 3
blade or 4 blade (MasterCraft, Malibu, Centurion)
– Provides set up option with initial installation to choose different engine
options.
– Discourages a driver from limiting or blocking the throttle in slalom.
When the system detects an insufficient throttle handle position, it will
gradually slow the boat by 2 kph
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• Zero Off uses data from GPS satellites to determine speed and
location; and uses its internal accelerometer (your smart phone
also has one of these) to instantaneously determine if the boat is
decelerating or accelerating; and communicates with the
ECM/ECU (engine control management system) to control speed
control and provide you course timing data.
• The GPS antenna(s) can receive signals thru glass or plastic, but
not solid objects. The antenna(s) should have a clear view of the
sky and ideally not be blocked by trees, nearby structures or
mountains.
• Zero Off can map slalom and jump courses, utilizing the GPS
location data, and store them in memory. However, care should
be take to confirm course precision before an event. As times,
there can be a significant difference between the timing “beep”
and the location of the start to entrance to the course. If this is the
case, the system should be re-mapped.
BASICS - How does ZO get its Information?
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Zero Off uses signals from the worldwide US - GPS satellite system
GPS Minimum - 24 satellites orbit the earth at any given time.
Satellites in 6 planes, each with at least 4 satellites equidistant.
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Orbits range from 55° north to 55° degrees south.
At least four satellites can be received at any time at any place
in world.
Closer to the poles, the lower over the horizon the satellites are
located.
Can still be received, but they are not directly above. This could
result in a – “typically” insignificant - loss of the precision of
position
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ACCURACY ??? - WAAS (United States) / EGNOS (Europe)
Errors are created when GPS signals pass through the earth’s atmosphere (reflected &
slowed). Result – less than ideal location information (accuracy within 10 meters or better)
WAAS (covering USA), and EGNOS (covering Europe) are similar systems/satellites
which provide correction information and more precise location for Zero Off. These
satellites are stationary over the equator and broadcast on the same frequency as GPS
satellites.
The WASS/EGNOS use readings from ground stations that are in a known fixed
positions. The fixed ground stations compute the exact distance to each satellite,
measure ionospheric lag and tell any nearby GPS how much to correct -- "Differential
GPS" (DGPS). (accuracy within 1 – 2 meters or better).
Zero Off with use error differential data automatically - whenever it can see the satellites
above the equator.
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Number of Satellites and DGPS Correction
Each .001” latitude
equals approx 6 feet
Obviously GPS is NOT
Working – check GPS
pucks – use Diagnostics
screen to troubleshoot
8 Satellites with
DGPS
8 Satellites N0 -
DGPS
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SLALOM
New “+” Setting.
Separate variable from
“LETTER/NUMBER”
Don’t forget to change
for next skier!!!
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Slalom General Information
Zero Off is a speed based control system. It constantly strives to
maintain the Set or Target Speed and will do so through the
entire course. Before the entrance gate, the speed is elevated to
compensate for the load you will apply going thru the entrance
gate. In the course, Zero Off does not gas you – it only responds
to what you do!
Zero Off Does NOT gas you!
As a general rule, in slalom, Zero Off ONLY responds when you
increase your pull or load on the rope, reducing the boat’s speed.
And the same is true when you let up on your pull or load on the
rope, increasing the boat’s speed. In other words, Zero Off
ONLY reacts to changes in boat speed and does NOT “gas” you
on its own.
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Slalom Points For Discussion
• Letters/Numbers/”+” settings -- What they do?
• Can a skier change the letter/numbers during their ski ride?
• Shortcut – How do I to recall times from earlier passes
• Slalom Wait Timer – How to set the WAIT time
• JUDGE - WHY do I hear ZERO OFF constantly “BEEPING” (more that
just at the timing points) as the boat and skier go down the slalom
course?
• JUDGE - Why don’t I hear the beeper? Why is the volume off?
• JUDGE – Am I checking to ensure that the “beep” /timing process is
occurring when the GPS puck is precisely at the slalom entrance gate?
(Does the system need to be re-mapped?)
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Letters / Numbers SLALOM
• Version Q – Previously 9 Letter / Number combinations
• Version R Slalom Changes – “+”
– Retains the original 9 settings from Version Q. Adds 9 additional
settings with “+”
– Now 18 Letter / Number combinations
– The “+” setting does things: 1) increases the speed outside the
entrance gates and; 2) makes the engine response faster for
each letter setting
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“+” Setting
– Generally, heavier / stronger skiers may prefer the plus “+”
setting, looking for a faster start and quicker throttle response.
– The faster speed outside the entrance gates and quicker engine
response ensures that for the stronger skiers, the boat /engine
does not fall behind; eliminating any “catch up” and the feel of
“gassing” the skier into the next buoy.
– The “+” setting is a SEPARATE variable from the LETTER
setting. When the “+” is active (visible), the speed before the
entrance gate will be FASTER and the boat WILL respond
QUICKER for each letter setting. Be certain you RETURN to
the “Normal” setting for the next skier!!!!
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Version R - Letters / Numbers / “+” We will discuss …
A1
A2
A3
B1
B3
B3
C1
C2
C3
A1+
A2+
A3+
B1+
B3+
B3+
C1+
C2+
C3+
“NORMAL” PLUS “+”
Faster entrance gate
Quicker engine response
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Letters • The LETTERS dictate how quickly the engine will respond. In other words,
WHEN Zero Off begins to apply throttle.
• You have the option to select a letter that responds differently to your PULL
and your RELEASE from that pull.
• PULL -- As you begin your pull the boat speed begins to drop below the
SET/target speed. The letter tells the engine how QUICKLY to begin to
apply power to get back to the SET speed.
• RELEASE -- As you let up on your pull the boat speed begins to rise higher
than the SET/target speed. The letter tells the engine how QUICKLY to
reduce power to get back to the SET speed
• Each letter gives you different options depending on your style and
preference. Remember that NO two skiers are alike. You will need to find
what works best for you!
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Letters - PULL
PULL – with a skier’s pull, boat speed will FALL and the engine will
respond to maintain the set speed
• The LOWER the letter, the LONGER it will take for the engine to
respond to speed drop.
• Conversely, the HIGHER the letter, the FASTER the engine will
respond to speed drop.
• NOTE: “A” is the “lowest” letter.
• For each letter setting, the “+” provides faster engine response.
This will benefit skiers looking for immediate reaction from the
engine / throttle. (NOTE: The engine will respond quicker on
“A+” than on “C”.
• LOWER LETTER = SLOWER ENGINE RESPONSE (to your pull)
A B C A+ B+ C+ SLOWEST
RESPONSE
FASTEST
RESPONSE
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Letters - RELEASE
RELEASE –as the skier releases his pull, boat speed will RISE.
• The HIGHER the letter , the LONGER it will take for the engine to
reduce throttle.
• Conversely, the LOWER the letter, the FASTER the engine will
reduce throttle.
• For each letter setting, the “+” provides faster engine response.
• HIGHER LETTER = SLOWER ENGINE RESPONSE (to your release)
(in this case - the fastest release is A+ / slowest release is C)
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Letters IT’S WHEN YOU PULL (AND HOW HARD YOU PULL)
- NOT WHERE YOU PULL!!!
• Remember, that Zero Off responds to your pull and release;
and not to “WHERE” you are in the course. SO, regardless
of the letter, it is “WHEN” you pull not “WHERE” you pull.
In selecting a letter, know that the faster the boat recovers
speed, the sooner it can release the skier.
• IN THE END, each skier needs to find what works best for his
or her personal style. Since no two skiers are alike – some
pull or load the boat out wide, some at the buoy and others
closer to the wake, each setting will produce a different feel
within the rules. In other words, your friend’s setting may not
be best for you!!!
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Numbers Dictate the INTENSITY of throttle Response
• The numbers dictate the INTENSITY of throttle / engine
response to your pull. In other words, HOW MUCH throttle to
apply
• With a lower number, the feel of INTENSITY of the throttle will
be less, with a longer duration to get back to the set speed.
• With a higher number, the feel of INTENSITY of the throttle will
be more, but with a shorter duration to get back to the set speed.
• With “+” , throttle intensity will INCREASE. Typically ONLY
heavier / stronger skiers will benefit from use of the “+” settings
LESS
INTENSITY
MORE
INTENSITY 1 2 3 1+ 2+ 3+
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The Letters Skier’s view …..
A. Letter A favors a smoother, longer turn and provides more time for proper
body position before the pull from the boat increases. The A setting results
in a slower engine response to the skiers load on the boat, meaning the
skier will move closer to the wake before the pull from the boat increases.
Letter A provides the fastest release as the skier lets up on the load;
however, the entire process happens later than Letters B &C.
B. Letter B favors a skier looking for a balanced pull and release from the
boat. Setting B2 is the “default” setting and should be used when the skier
does not choose another setting. The B setting is best described as a
moderate engine response. The boat’s rpm will increase earlier than with
setting A. The release is symmetrical with the load.
C. Letter C works particularly well for a skier whose style includes a faster
turn. The C setting gives the fastest engine response to the skiers load on
the boat, meaning the pull from the boat will come on very close to the
finish of the turn. The release is a bit slower that the other letters.
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The Letters MORE than you wanted to know!
A. With Letter A, the PULL value is slower and the RELEASE value quicker. For both
letters A & C, the PULL & RELEASE values are different (Asymmetric Load &
Release)
B. For letter B, the PULL and RELEASE values are the same. (Symmetric Load &
Release)
C. With Letter C, the PULL value is quicker and the RELEASE value slower. For both
letters A & C, the PULL & RELEASE values are different (Asymmetric Load &
Release)
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Numbers How does this happen?
• When throttle is applied, the amount or INTENSITY is dictated by the
number selected.
• HOW does change in INTENSITY happen? Initially, throttle is applied to
counteract the skier’s slowing of the boat. Zero Off can measure the skiers
load (g-force*). When the skier’s load reaches a predetermined load point,
Zero Off begins to reduce the rate of adding throttle. This reduction in
throttle rate is felt by the skier. The lower the number the sooner the skier
will feel a reduction in the INTENSITY of the pull from the boat.
*g-force (with g from gravitational) is a term for acceleration felt as weight and measurable by an accelerometer.
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Numbers MORE than you wanted to know (Engineer’s perspective)
• An accelerometer measures the skier’s force or load on the boat.
• When the skier’s measured force (g-force) is reached, any rate of
additional throttle is reduced as boat attempts to get back to the
set/target speed.
• The lower the number the sooner the skier will feel a reduction in
the INTENSITY. In other words, it requires less force for a change
in throttle rate to occur.
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Entrance Gate Speed
• The elevated or “target speed”, outside course (entrance
gate) is a percentage of the “set speed”
• Using the “normal” setting, Gate Speed is +.75 % above the
set speed
• Using the plus “+” setting, Gate Speed is +1.6 % above the
set speed
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1: The “1” setting requires the least amount of skier pull or force to initiate a change in
throttle rate. The “feel” will be an overall softer pull behind the boat. If your goal is to
minimize line tension, taking a more conservative cut into the wakes, you will benefit
from this setting’s response.
2: The “2” setting is the midpoint setting. It requires a comparatively moderate amount
of pull to initiate a change in the rate throttle is applied. The “feel” will be slightly
stronger behind the boat than with setting 1. Like setting B, this is a good starting
point for most skiers looking to familiarize themselves with the system.
3: The “3” setting requires the greatest amount of pull to initiate a change in the rate
throttle is applied. The “feel” will be a stronger pull. If you are a big cutter, taking a
good amount of load into the wakes, you will appreciate the stiffer pull.
“+” The “+” setting requires even more skier load than the “normal” setting 1 / 2 / 3, to
initiate any change in the rate throttle is applied. Only the stronger skiers will exert
sufficient force to fell and reduction in the rate throttle is applied.
The Numbers Skier’s Perspective
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Summary - Letters / Numbers / “+”
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ZO PULL - A / B / C – NORMAL
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JUMP With Version R,
there are only 3
timing segments
52m, 82m, 41m
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JUMP POINTS
• Power Factor
• 41 Meter Segment Adder
• Jump letter Select
• Cheating - Mapping wrong intentionally, but it doesn’t
work like they think.
• Cheating - Using unbalanced segments to enhance
swing
• JUDGE – does the system beep when the Tow PYLON
is in line with the timing course entrance?
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POWER FACTOR
• The Power Factor raises or lowers the Baseline speed.
• The lower the number the slower the boat enters the course.
• The Power Factor adjustment ranges from “0 to 15”
• At PF 9 – the boat will enter the course at speed. PF > 9 boat will
enter the course faster that set speed. PF < 9 boat will enter the
course slower than set speed.
• For 5.7 Liter Boats – start with PF of 6 or 7
• For 6.0 Liter Boats – start with PF of 4 or 5
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POWER FACTOR
HOWEVER!!!!
• PF is also influenced by the letter setting.
• With Letter "A" there is NO baseline speed depression. The boat
will always enter the course at set speed - regardless of PF
number
• AS the letter increases, the set baseline speed will be decreased
(depressed)
• The HIGHER the Letter the more baseline speed is depressed for
any given power factor
• Max baseline depression occurs with letter "T" at Power Factor 4
• With Power Factor at 3 and below, baseline speed will NOT be
further depressed - rather adjustment is made to the ramp rate for
the letter
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Power Factor Examples
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41 Meter Segment ADDER
• Raises the speed in the 41 meter segment AS NEEDED -
ONLY to compensate for lower powered boats
• Range is from 0 to 9
• Start at “0” and raise as necessary to achieve actual times
• Will not lower the speed in the 41 meter segment. IF speed
is too fast in 41 meter segment, adjustments need to be
made to lower the letter or adjust the power factor
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SHORTCUT - to get to JUMP LETTER screen
PUSH & Hold SELECT button
on the “LETTER” until the
Letter – Weight and Distance
tool appears.
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Jump Letter Charts – are available for Officials
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TRICKS
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Background MENU
• What’s all this STUFF in the BACKGROUND???
• There are 4 Background Menus
– SCREEN
– SET
– MAP
– WHO
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To get to BACKGROUND MENUs
Press and
HOLD
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SCRN SET
MAP WHO
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SCREENS
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TWO SCREENS
• RECREATIONAL mode
• TOURNAMENT mode
Make certain the driver is using the TOURNAMENT screen.
Pulling an event in RECREATIONAL mode for ANY reason is
NOT permitted!
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Examples of Tournament &
Recreational Screens
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Tournament > Slalom Example
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Recreational > Slalom Example
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Tournament > Jump Example
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Recreational > Jump Example
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Tournament > Trick Example
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Recreational > Trick Example
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Other SCREENS
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SCREEN > Diagnostics
GOOD – no faults BAD – 3 faults
ZO Software
Version 102 R
ZO Software
Version 100 R
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SCREEN >Timing RECAP
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SCREEN >Timing Recap > Slalom
“LATEST” are the current times / “LAST” was the pass before “LATEST”
(HINT – always read LEFT to RIGHT)
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SHORTCUT - TIMING RECAP
Use SELECT button to
highlight “Diamond” then use
UP or DOWN button to toggle
between Tournament, Timing,
& Recreational screens
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SET 2 screens - scroll down
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SET > Jump Letter
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SET > Jump Letter
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SHORTCUT - JUMP LETTER
PUSH & Hold SELECT button
on the “LETTER” until the
Letter – Weight and Distance
tool appears.
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SET > Slalom Wait Timer
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SET > Backlight / Contrast Screen Darker or Lighter?
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SET > Volume Adjust
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SET > METRIC or ENGLISH KPH or MPH ?
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SET > Time Zone
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SET > River Mode Normally “OFF”
With “RIVER: ON”
“DNRiver / UPRiver” appears in
TRICK – provides speed
adjustment compensation for
water current.
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• KEY ENTRY – not used other than to enter a “# key” to switch system over
to a 3 Event system from Wakeboard and vice versa
• CAN Term: – Normally “OFF”. In the “ON” position allows for the
termination of an open CANBUS connection.
• PROP: 4 Blade or 3 Blade – provides different settings when changing a
propeller.
• ENGINE: Allows for initial setup choice of 5.7 Liter or 6 Liter (2 tries ONLY)
SET > Additional Options
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TORM = Throttle Over Ride Mode (Ability to apply additional throttle)
3 options:
ALWAYS – Driver can over ride system at any time
OUTSIDE COURSE – Driver can over ride system ONLY outside the course
DISABLED – Driver can NEVER over ride the system (limited to set speed)
SET > TORM
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SET > MAP
With initialization all positions are
“Open” and can me mapped as
either slalom or jump. Select “Live
Course Mapping”
SELECT:
•SLALOM - 4 buoy, 6 buoy, or
overlapping 8 buoy course.
•JUMP
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MAP > Slalom
Map slalom entrance and exit gate
when the GPS pucks are in line
with the gate buoys.
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MAP > Jump
Begin map when PYLON is at the
entrance line to timing course – 52
Meter (1st segment)
End map when PYLON is at the
start of 41 Meter segment (3rd
segment)
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MAP - Jump
Map Map MAP @ PYLON
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WHO
Provides a way to preset a
person’s settings for reuse
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Judge’s Display
A second display is only required
for IWWF slalom and jump for
Titled and Elite events. (IWWF rule
10.07)
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World Titled Events
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System shown as “Off”
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Thank You
Will Bush
Elk Grove, California USA
+1 (916) 837-7464
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Perfect Pass
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Perfect Pass
New Zbox -- A,B,C,1,2,3 with PerfectPass
StarGazer system. Magnets are optional
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Perfect Pass
Can map up to 3 slalom courses
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Perfect Pass
MAP – slalom course is mapped by idling thru
(into) the entrance gate on each end