following the schism (split) between sunni’s and shiites, the following dynasties were formed,...
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Following the schism (split) between Sunni’s
and Shiites, the following dynasties
were formed, creating a Golden Age of Islam.
Arab tribal group who ruled the Islamic world from Damascus, Syria
Allowed the Islamic faith to be spread rapidly
Umayyad Dynasty: (661AD-750 AD)
Allow conquered people to practice their own religion so long as they paid a poll tax, ◦otherwise known as a non-believer tax
◦Some Christians and Jews even held positions in government
Replaced the Umayyads in 750 AD◦Few Umayyads escaped their wrath, moved to Spain
Moved capital to BaghdadBuilt a wealthy empire known for its advances
Led area into the Golden Age of Muslim culture
Abbasid Dynasty: (750 AD- 1258 AD)
While Europe was lost in the Dark Ages, Islam dominated and flourished in all aspects of society.
Golden Age of Islam
Development of calligraphy-◦Beautiful writing and patterns to decorate buildings and art
Art and architecture:
Medicine◦Required doctors to pass difficult tests
◦Set up hospitals with emergency rooms
Studied diseases and wrote medical books
Science
Established an international
trading network, connecting the
Middle East, Europe, West Africa, India, China and
Southeast Asia
Trade:
Considered the Quran (Koran) the most important piece of Arabic Literature
Created great work philosophy, poetry, and fictional tales◦Ex.) Aladdin, Thousand and One Nights
Literature:
Established universities and libraries in Cairo, Egypt; Baghdad, Iraq; Cordoba, Spain; and Timbuktu, West Africa
House of Wisdom
Scholars worked at preserving, translating, and advancing Greco-Roman, Egyptian, and Indian knowledge
Education:
Crusades (1100 AD- 1300 AD)
Demonstrated the superiority of Muslim technology and the impact of Islamic culture on the Middle East in their defeat of the Christians
Long term impact: renewed trade and cultural contracts with Europeans. This propelled Europe into the Renaissance.
Crusades and the End of a Golden Age