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TRANSCRIPT
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Voice
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Things to be considered
• Subject (noun/pronoun)• Object (noun/pronoun)• Complement• Verb• Verb phrase• Verb forms• Forms of a verb• Transitive and intransitive verbs• Sentence + sentence forms
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Voice Voice is a form of a verb which is used to
show either something is done by the subject or something is done to the subject
We are studying English
English is being studied by us
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• We use a sentence in active voice when we are interested in what the subject does.
Examples:
• We play cricket.
• I am teaching English.
• She bought a car
Active Voice
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• We use a sentence in passive voice when we are interested in what is done to the subject.
Examples:
• Cricket is played by us.
• English is being taught by me.
• A car is bought by her.
Passive Voice
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When do we use active voice?
When the doer of the action is clear
When it is important to know what is done by the people
When do we use passive voice?
When the doer of the action is not clear
When it is important to know what is done to the people
When the doer of an action is more important than the receiver
When the receiver of an action is more important than the doer
Note: these tenses are not common in passive voice: Present perfect continuous, past perfect continuous, future continuous tense, future perfect continuous tense.
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• We should know the tense
• Verb must be transitive
• Point out the subject and the object of the sentence.
• Change the sentence to passive voice by making the object of active voice the subject of passive voice
Changing a sentence from active voice to passive voice
Rules:
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Example
Mursal
Active Subject
helps
Active Verb
Samim.
Active Object
Samim
Passive Subject
is helped
Passive Verb
by Mursal.
Active Object
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Subject + Be + 3rd verb
General structure for passive voice
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Passive Voice
Past Present Modals
Simple Past
Was/were + PP
Past Continuous
Was/were + being + PP
Simple present
Is/am/are + PP
Present Continuous
Is/am/are + being + PP
Present perfect
Have/has + been + PP
General
Modals + be + PP
Simple Future
Will/ going to + be + PP
Past Perfect
Had + been+ PP
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• +) subject + is, am, are + PP• --) subject + is, am, are + not + PP• ?) Is, am, are + subject + pp
Passive Voice (simple present tense)
She washes the dishes She washes the dishes The dishes are washed by her The dishes are washed by her
We instruct the studentsWe instruct the students The students are instructed by usThe students are instructed by us
They don’t support meThey don’t support me I am not supported by themI am not supported by them
She doesn’t buy the giftsShe doesn’t buy the gifts The gifts are not bought by herThe gifts are not bought by her
Does she help the students?Does she help the students? Are the students helped by her?Are the students helped by her?
Do they play tennis?Do they play tennis? Is tennis played by them?Is tennis played by them?
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• +) subject + was/were + PP• --) subject + was/were + not + PP• ?) was/were + subject + pp
Passive Voice (simple past tense)
She washed the dishes She washed the dishes The dishes were washed by her The dishes were washed by her
We studied EnglishWe studied English English was studied by usEnglish was studied by us
They didn’t support meThey didn’t support me I was not supported by themI was not supported by them
She didn’t buy the giftsShe didn’t buy the gifts The gifts were not bought by herThe gifts were not bought by her
Did we study English?Did we study English? Was English studied by us?Was English studied by us?
Did they play tennis?Did they play tennis? Was tennis played by them?Was tennis played by them?
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• +) subject + have/has + been + PP• --) subject + haven’t/ hasn’t + been + not + PP• ?) Have/has + subject + been + pp
Passive Voice (Present Perfect Tense)
She has bought a carShe has bought a car A car has been bought by herA car has been bought by her
We have studied EnglishWe have studied English English has been studied by usEnglish has been studied by us
They haven’t supported meThey haven’t supported me I haven’t been supported by themI haven’t been supported by them
She hasn’t bought the giftsShe hasn’t bought the gifts The gifts haven’t been bought by herThe gifts haven’t been bought by her
Have we studied English?Have we studied English? Has English been studied by us?Has English been studied by us?
Have they played tennis?Have they played tennis? Has tennis been played by them?Has tennis been played by them?
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• +) subject + had + been + PP• --) subject + hadn’t + been + not + PP• ?) Had + subject + been + pp
Passive Voice (Past Perfect Tense)
She had bought a carShe had bought a car A car had been bought by herA car had been bought by her
We had studied EnglishWe had studied English English had been studied by usEnglish had been studied by us
They hadn’t supported meThey hadn’t supported me I hadn’t been supported by themI hadn’t been supported by them
She hadn’t bought the giftsShe hadn’t bought the gifts The gifts hadn’t been bought by herThe gifts hadn’t been bought by her
Had we studied English?Had we studied English? Had English been studied by us?Had English been studied by us?
Had they played tennis?Had they played tennis? Had tennis been played by them?Had tennis been played by them?
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• +) subject + is, am, are + being + PP• --) subject + is, am, are + not + being + PP• ?) Is, am, are + subject + being + pp
Passive Voice (Present Continuous Tense)
She is washing the dishes She is washing the dishes The dishes are being washed by her The dishes are being washed by her
We are buying a carWe are buying a car A car is being bought by usA car is being bought by us
They aren’t supporting meThey aren’t supporting me I am not being supported by themI am not being supported by them
She isn’t buying the giftsShe isn’t buying the gifts The gifts are not being bought by herThe gifts are not being bought by her
Is she helping the students?Is she helping the students? Are the students being helped by her?Are the students being helped by her?
Are they playing tennis?Are they playing tennis? Is tennis being played by them?Is tennis being played by them?
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• +) subject + was/were + being + PP• --) subject + was/were + not + being + PP• ?) was/were + subject + being + pp
Passive Voice (Past Continuous Tense)
She was washing the dishes She was washing the dishes The dishes were being washed by her The dishes were being washed by her
We were buying a carWe were buying a car A car was being bought by usA car was being bought by us
They weren’t supporting meThey weren’t supporting me I was not being supported by themI was not being supported by them
She wasn’t buying the giftsShe wasn’t buying the gifts The gifts were not being bought by herThe gifts were not being bought by her
Was she helping the students?Was she helping the students? Were the students being helped by her?Were the students being helped by her?
Were they playing tennis?Were they playing tennis? Was tennis being played by them?Was tennis being played by them?
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• +) subject + modal + be + PP• --) subject + modal + not + PP• ?) Modal + subject + be + pp
The passive form of modals
She will wash the dishes She will wash the dishes The dishes will be washed by herThe dishes will be washed by her
We should buy a carWe should buy a car A car should be bought by usA car should be bought by us
They might not support meThey might not support me I might not be supported by themI might not be supported by them
She can’t buy this carShe can’t buy this car This car can’t be bought by herThis car can’t be bought by her
Could she help the students?Could she help the students? Could the students be helped by her?Could the students be helped by her?
Will they buy a computer?Will they buy a computer? Will a computer be bought by them?Will a computer be bought by them?
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• ?) WH word + be/ modal + subject + be + pp
WH information questions
When will she buy this car?When will she buy this car? When will this car be bought by her?When will this car be bought by her?
Why is he studying English?Why is he studying English? Why is English being studied by her?Why is English being studied by her?
How will they teach the new students?How will they teach the new students? How will the new students be taught by them?How will the new students be taught by them?
Where was she teaching English?Where was she teaching English? Where was English being taught by her?Where was English being taught by her?
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Extra
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Major sentences
I will buy this book by the year 2011I will buy this book by the year 2011
This book will be bought by the year 2011This book will be bought by the year 2011
We don’t expect Shabana to come to the party tonightWe don’t expect Shabana to come to the party tonight
Shabana is not expected by us to come to the partyShabana is not expected by us to come to the party
People speak English in many parts of the worldPeople speak English in many parts of the world
English is spoken in many parts of the worldEnglish is spoken in many parts of the world
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• +) let + object + be + pp• --) let + object + not + be + pp
The passive form of imperative sentences
Open the doorOpen the door Let the door be openedLet the door be opened
Close your booksClose your books Let your books be closedLet your books be closed
Don’t open the doorDon’t open the door Let the door not be openedLet the door not be opened
Don’t close your booksDon’t close your books Let your books not be closedLet your books not be closed
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Direct and indirect object in passive voice
She bought a gift for AliShe bought a gift for Ali
A gift was bought for Ali by herA gift was bought for Ali by her
Ali was bought a gift by herAli was bought a gift by her
I sent a letter to herI sent a letter to her
A letter was sent by me to herA letter was sent by me to her
She was sent a letter by meShe was sent a letter by me
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• By phrase is a part of a passive sentence which shows the performer of an action and it is made of two parts.
• 1) the preposition “by”• 2) the subject of active sentence
• Note: we use “by phrase” when it is important to know who performs the action or else we don’t.
Examples:• That mistake was corrected by Ali.• English is spoken in many countries. (by phrase is not important)• This book was written in 1999. (by phrase is not important)
By phrase
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