015-yh-1003 (loss prevention requirements)

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KU W AIT OIL COM PANY K.S.C.)

Engineering Group

Specifica tion Number

O l 5 Y H 1 0 0 3

Loss Prevention Requirements

1

5

AUG

9

ISSUED AS KOC ENG GROUP SPEC

7

MAR

93

ISSUED FOR INVITATION TO BID

Rev Date

Revision

BY

Chkd Section

PE

Client



CONTENTS

O

ngineering roup

SpeMcatrion

0 SCOPE

3

2 0 STANDARDS AN D SPECIFICATIONS

3

Specification Number

01 5 YH 1003

0 SERVICE COND ITIONS 5

4.0 BASIC ENGINEERING INFORM ATION 6

4.1

Hazard and P rotect ion Summary

6

4 2 Principles of Faci l i ty Layout

8

4.3 Hazardous Area C lassif ication

9

4 4 Fire and Gas De tect ion and Contro l Sys tems 1 0

4 5

Firef ight ing Systems and Equipment 1 5

4.6

Safe ty Faci li ties 2 0

4 7

ESD and Remote Con tro l Safety E quipment

2 5

Rev

5 0 CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS 2 5

6 0 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS 2 6

Date

5 8 94

Sheet

of

6



1 O SCOPE

O

Engineerfng

roup

Specificatbn

This specification covers the loss prevention requirements for the

Facility in Kuwait.

The loss prevention systems shall fully comply with all relevant

contractual requirements specified in the Scope of Work and Technical

Specification of the Contract.

Specification Num ber

01 ~ Y H I O O ~

The objective is to protect personnel, conserve natural resources and

preserve capital investment by ensuring that the Facility will be

designed and built in accordance w ith the requirements of established

regulations, codes and standards.

Correctly applied these requirements will ensure that hazards are

identified and recognised measures introduced to reduce both the risks

and the consequences of accidents.

ev

2.0 STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS

2.1 The loss prevention requirements shall conform, except where

otherwise specified, with the current issue and amendments of the

following prevailing on the effective date of the Contract:

Date

5 8 94

2.1.1 International Standards

Sheet

3 of

6

API RP 500A

API RP 520A

API RP 521

API RP 620

API RP 650

API RP 2001

ASME Vlll Div

I

ASME Vlll Div 2

NFPA 11

Classification of Locations for Electrical

Installations in Petroleum Refineries

Design and Installation of Pressure-

Relieving Systems in Refineries

Guide for Pressure-Relieving and

Depressuring Systems

Design and Construction of Large Welded

Low-Pressure Storage Tanks

Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage

Fire Protection in Refineries

Pressure Vessels

Pressure Vessels Alternative Rules)

Standard for Low Expansion Foam and

Combined Agent Systems



pecification

Number Rev

Date Sheet

Enginwring mup

Specii catbn

01 5 YH 1003 1 5 8 94 4 0 f 6

NFPA 12

Stan dard on Ca rbo n Dio xide CO,) Fire

Ext inguishing System s

NFPA 15

Standard for Water Spray Fixed Systems

for Fire Protection

NFPA 20

Standard for the Insta l la tion of Centr i fugal

Fire Pumps

N FPA 3 0

Flammable and Com bust ib le L iquids Code

NFPA 72E Auto ma tic Fire Detectors

2.1 .2 Bri t ish Standards

BS 4 7 6 Fire Tests on Bui ld ing Mater ia ls and

Structures

BS 5 3 0 4

Code of Pract ice for Safety of Machinery

BS 5345

Code of Pract ice for Select ion Insta l la t ion

and Maintenance of Electr ica l Apparatus

f o r U s e i n P o t e n t i a l l y E x p l o s i v e

A t m o s p h e r e s O t h e r T h a n M i n i n g

Appl icat ions or Explosive Processing and

Manufacture)

BS 5378

Safety Signs and Colours

BS 5445

Components o f A utomat ic F ire Detect ion

Systems

BS 5 4 9 9 Fire Safe ty Signs, Notic es and Graphic

Symbols

BS 55 01 Electrica l Apparatus for Potent ia l ly

Explosive Atmosph eres

BS 58 39 F ire Detect ion and Alarm Systems fo r

Buildings

BS 5908

Code of Pract ice for Fire Precautions in the

Chemical and Al l ied Industr ies

2.1.3 Com pany Standards

STD 38 1 0 7 Hazardous Area Classi ficat ion;

Zonal Boundaries and R equirements

for Conta ined Equipment



S TD 3 8

1

10711 The Com pletion o f Hazard Assess ments

and Classif ication of Hazardous area

O

ngineering

Group

Specification

2.1.4 Engineering Group Speci f icat ions and Draw ings

0 1 5-AH-10 0 1 Basic Design Cr i ter ia


01 5 YH 1003

0

1 5-AH- 10 0 2

International Codes and Standards

0 1 5-L H-1 00 1 Piping Materials Classes

Rev

0 1 5-NH-1004 Passive F i rep roo f ing Ma te r ia l s and

Appl icat ion

0 1 5 - XH - 1 0 0 5

Shop an d Field Painting

Date

5 8 94

0 1 5-YB-1001

Fire and Gas Cause and Effect Charts

Sheet

5 of 6

0 1 5-YH-1001

Fire and Gas Dete ct ion Equipment

0 1 5-YH- 10 0 2 Fire Protect ion and Safety Equipment

0

1 5-Y

H

1

004

Emergency Sh u tdow n and

Depressur ing Syste m Requirements

Compl iance w i t h th is spec i f icat ion shal l not re l ieve the C ontractor of

i ts responsib i l i ty to supply equipment sui ted to meet the speci f ied

service cond it ions and appl icable regulations.

Where con f l ic ts exist betw een th is speci f icat ion and other D rawings,

standards, codes and specif ications, the most str ingent shal l be

appl ied.

Where any aspect of the design is not covered by referenced

standards, the n the standard procedure and no rmal good engineer ing

pract ice o f the Contractor sha l l be submi t ted to the Company fo r

approval.

SERVICE CONDITIONS

3.1 The Faci li ty is at a desert locat ion under cond i t ions o f h igh ambient

temperatures and h igh humidi ty. The atmosphere is generally dusty

and corrosive and ma y conta in traces o f hydrogen sulphide.

3.2 Equipment shall therefore be sui table in a l l respects for service in the

cond it ions stated in the E ngineering Group Specif icatio n enti t led Basic

Design Cr i ter ia (Number 0 1 5 -AH-10 0 1 .



4 0

BAS IC ENGINEERING INFORM ATION

t

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Spedfimion

4.1

Hazard and Protect ion Summa rv

Realization of hazards is fundam ental t o assessing the loss preve ntion

requirements. Specif ic problems shall each be studied t o determ ine an

effective solution or counter measure.


0 15-YH-1003

The primary hazards presen t in the F aci l ity are as fol low s:

4 I 1 Fire Hazards

Rev

1

Whenever hydrocarbon products are convey ed or processed,

the hazard o f fi re is present. The fire protectio n phi losoph y

shal l general ly be based upon rapid intervention by trained

firefighting teams.

Remotely control led systems shal l be provided for:

ate

5-8-94

a.

Gas turb ine drivers wh ere instal led) in th e fo rm o f CO,

ext inguishing systems, and

Sheet

6

of 6

b.

Crude o i l tanks, in the form of water spray cool ing

systems.

Al l the other e lements making up the f i ref ight ing system

shall rely o n local manual operation. They are described

in section 4.5 hereinafter.

4.1 .2 Explosion Hazards

The igni tion of m ixtures of combust ib le gas and a ir can lead to

explosions particu lar ly w here the mixture o ccurs in a conf ined

area.

The explosion protect ion phi losophy is to:

a. Reduce wh ere possible the occurren ce o f gas

emissions.

b. Reduce as far as possible the num ber o f con fined areas.

c. Consider the effects of vent i la t ing or b lanket ing

confined areas which remain.

d. Instal l com bustible gas detecto rs.

1

Wherever gas ma y accumulate and



2. whenever there are unprotected sources of

ignition.

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Spe 7cathn

e. Plan the layout of the Facility to minimize the effects of

any explosion which may still occur.

4.1.3 Toxic Hazard

Specification

umber

01

~ Y H I O O ~

The incoming hydrocarbons may contain up to 500 ppm of

hydrogen sulphide. Where this is the case, H,S concentration

within the gas handling parts of the process can reach

1200 ppm, typically in the crude tank vapours. Consequently,

all materials shall be selected strictly in accordance with the

Project drawings entitled Material Selection Guides.

Additionally, H,S detection sensors shall be installed around

the Facility and in inlets of HVAC systems to manned areas so

as to provide the earliest possible detection of leakage.

4.1.4 Pyrophoric Ignition

ev

1

As described in API RP 2001, steps shall be taken to prevent

the ignition of combustible vapours by the presence of

pyrophoric iron sulphide deposits. These deposits are found

in locations where hydrogen sulphide and other sulphur

compounds are formed in petroleum storage and petroleum

processes.

4.1.5 Accretions and Sludge

ate

5 8 94

a. As well as the combustible gases being present in the

atmosphere of a confined space, combustible and/or

toxic solid accretions and sludge may also be present.

Sheet

7 of 26

b. Provision must be made for their safe removal by

dissolving, flushing or by mechanical means.

4.1.6 Vehicle Impact

Vehicles entering the Facility present the possibility of vehicle

to vehicle, and vehicle to plant collisions.

This risk shall be

minimized by control of vehicle access, road layout, barriers,

driver training, and speed limitation inside the Facility.

4.1.7 Radioactive Materials

A limited amount of radioactive material will be introduced in

the form of smoke detectors. Normally, these will not present

a problem, but safe practices must be followed for their

maintenance and eventual disposal. It is recommended that



Specification

Number

Rev ate Sheet

mup

015 YH 1003 1

5 8 94 8 of 26

both these tasks be entrusted to the Approved Manufacturer,

or that the Manufacturer s instructions are followed implicitly.

The use of radioactive material for non-destructive testing

(NDT) shall be controlled by operating procedures.

4.1.8 Lightning Strike

Lightning protection shall be provided in all buildings and

structures to minimise damage due to lightning strikes.

4 2

Princi~les f Facilitv Lavout

4.2.1 General

This section covers the main features which should be

considered when laying out the Facility. Careful

attention to equipment location can improve the safety,

accessibility and efficiency of the Facility.

Due consideration shall be given to the location of

process, utility, control and office areas, as well as

escape routes and safety equipment, having regard to

the relevant hazards.

The first approach to layout shall be to grade each

system according to the nature of the hazard and then

categorise the systems of similar grading as follows:

1. Systems which have the potential to emit

flammables.

2.

Systems which may emit toxic gases.

3

Systems which are a source of ignition.

4. Systems which must be located in an

unclassified area.

5.

Systems which are considered non-hazardous.

Typically, sources of flammables shall be segregated

from sources of ignition and control areas shall be

separated from all sources of flammable and toxic

emissions.

4.2.2 Control Room

a. A pressurised control room shall be located in a control

building so as to have a commanding view of the

Facility. The control building location shall be towards

one edge of the Facility so that it is not surrounded by

process or storage areas, and can be approached by

road without passing through the Facility.



O

Specification Numb er Rev ate Sheet

ngineeringGroup

Spedfieathn

01 ~ Y H I O O ~ 5 8 9 4 9 of

6

b. Wherever possible the location shall take account of

prevailing winds to ensure that any gas leakage is not

blown towards the control building.

c. The building shall not be more than two storeys high

and shall be positioned at a minimum distance of 60 m

from the nearest process or storage area. This distance

shall not be reduced by any future process or building

expansion.

d.

All windows in the control room and other normally

manned rooms facing the direction of the Facility shall

be laminated glass having non-splinter characteristics.

Window frames shall be securely attached to the

building structure. Doors located on the process side of

the building should open outwards.

4.2.3 Roads

a.

The main access to the Site shall be via a controlled

access road to prevent unauthorised vehicles visiting

the site.

b. Roads on the Site shall be sized and laid out wi th due

consideration being given to the amount of traffic and

the requirements of emergency vehicles.

4 3

Hazardous Area Classification

4.3.1 General

a.

The objective of area class

fication shall be to avoid

ignition of

occur from

handling hy

releases of flammable vapours that may

time to time in the operation of facilities

fdrocarbons.

b. This approach is to reduce to an acceptable level the

probability of coincidence of a flammable atmosphere

and a source of ignition.

c. It is not the intent of area classification to guard against

the ignition of major releases of flammable materials

under catastrophic failure of plant which in properly

run facilities have a very low probability of occurrence.

d. Area classification is the assessed division of the

Facility into hazardous areas and non-hazardous areas

and the subdivision of the hazardous area into zones.



e.

A hazardous area is a three-dimens ional space in wh ic h

a f lammable atmosphere m ay be expected t o be present

in such frequencies as to require for example specia l

precaut ions for the construct ion and use of e lectr ica l

apparatus.

O

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SpeMcatbn

f .

Al l o ther areas are referred to as non-hazardous in th is

conte xt though they m ay fo rm par t o f a w ider res t ric ted

area wi th in the Faci li ty in wh ich a l l w or k is carr ied out

under permit contro l .

4 3 2

Classif ications

Specification

Number

015 YH 1003

Hazardous areas are subdivided int o three zones as fol low s:

Zone

Rev

1

That part of a hazardous area in which a f lammable

atmosphere is cont inuously present or present for long

periods.

Zone

Date

5 8 94


atmosphere is l ike ly t o oc cur in normal operat ion.

Sheet

I O O ~

6

Zone 2


atmosphere is not l ike ly to occur in normal operat ion

and, i f i t occurs, w i l l exist only for a sh ort per iod.

4 4

Fire and Gas De tect ion and Co ntro l Svstems

4 4 1

General

a. The basic pr incip le t o be employed in m os t areas shall

be one of m anual f i re and gas detect ion b y operat ions

personnel . Auto ma tic f i re detect ion shal l be provided in

specif ic areas where there is a r isk of f i re and early

det ect ion is required.

b. Flammable gas detec t ion shall a lso be provided in

specif ic areas wher e there is a high r isk of leakage and

early detection is required. Where toxic hazard (H,S)

exists, th en H,S de tec tio n shall also be provide d.

c .

Posit ioning and quan ti t ies o f detec tors shal l generally be

as sh ow n on the Project dra win g ent i t led Fire and Gas



Equipment Layout. The Contractor shall develop these

requirements during detail design and submit for

Company approval.

O

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All forms of automatic detection shall cause an audible

and visual alarm in the Control Room upon single

detector operation.

Automatic control actions shall only be initiated by

coincident operation of t wo or more detection inputs of

the same type from the same area.


01 5-YH-1003

Depending upon the area and type of detection this may

be audible alarm only, release of extinguishment or

shutdown initiation. Actions shall generally be as

defined on the Project drawings entitled Cause and

Effect Charts. These shall be developed by the

Contractor during detail design and submitted for

Company approval.

4 4 2 Gas Detection

ev

1

Gas at the Facility contains both heavier and lighter

than air components, at all stages of the process.

Heavier gases may include H2S,

lighter gases are

mostly hydrocarbons.

Due to the flat terrain, open layout of the Facility, and

prevailing winds, lighter gases are likely to move away

from any leakage fairly rapidly, mixing readily with air.

Heavier gases may settle in sheltered areas, between

equipment, in sumps, etc.

ate

5 8 94

Where the product includes a significant quantity of

H2S, any heavier-than-air gas cloud will contain both

H2S and hydrocarbons.

Sheet

11 of 26

H,S detectors shall therefore be provided in areas, as

described above, where heavier-than-air gases may

accumulate. In such areas, detection o f H2S will give

warning of toxic hazard, and also early indication of

presence of flammable hydrocarbon gas.

Where H2S s not present in a significant quantity, then

hydrocarbon gas detection shall be provided.

Point-type hydrocarbon detectors shall be installed at

locations where lighter-than-air hydrocarbon gases may

accumulate. On open Site areas, beam-type



hydrocarbon gas detectors shal l be used for detec t ion

of dr i f t ing gases.

O

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SpecifiCa rl

In addit ion, f lammable and tox ic (wh ere necessary) gas

detectors shall be provided at HV A C intakes t o normal ly

manne d areas. Flammable gas detec tors shal l also be

prov ided a t HVAC in takes to rooms conta in ing

unprotected equipment, and bo th instrum ent and p lant

air comp ressors intakes.

Upon gas detect ion, the s yst em shall a ler t the operator

in the contro l ro om to enab le manua l in te rvent ion to

in i t ia te shutdown and minimise inventor ies in the

affecte d area o f th e Faci li ty .


015 YH 1003

Upon conf i rmed gas detect ion, the system shal l

automatical ly iso late unpro tected sources o f ign i t ion in

the a f fec ted area(s) .

Operat ion of gas detectors m oni tor ing H VA C air in takes

sha l l shutdown the re levant HVAC, c lose the main

intake damper, and ini t iate a general alarm.

Rev

1

Wherever gas detectors are located, alarm devices

consist ing of horns and f lashing beacons shal l be

mounted c lose b y to prov ide loca l warn ing t o opera tions

personnel.

4 4 3 Fire Detection

Date

5 8 94

The fo l lowing types o f detectors shall be used:

Sheet

2

of

26

a. Smoke Detect ion

Smoke detectors shal l be provided in the fo l lowing

areas:

1 .

Control room, including f loor and cei l ing voids.

2

Electrica l equipment rooms.

3

Substation.

4

Laboratories.

5.

Diesel generator.

b. Flame Dete ction

Combined u l travio let (UV ) and infrared ( IR) detectors

shall be used around th e compressor modules, wi th in

turb ine enclosures, and around crude o i l pu mps.



c. Heat Detection

O

ngineeringGmup

Specificatbn

Point heat detection shall be installed in rooms,

or over equipment where the earliest indications

of fire are most likely to be temperature rise, or

where normal conditions preclude use of smoke

detectors. Rate of rise heat detectors shall be

used in areas which are subject to large but

relatively slow) temperature increases, such as

above generator sets. Rate compensated

detectors shall be used where rapid detection of

a fast growing fire is essential, as under turbine

enclosures.

2.

Heat detection shall be provided around

compressors and pumps. This shall be either

fusible plug pneumatic system, or linear heat-

sensing cable. Operation of this system shall

cause shutdown of the compressor and repeat

signals to the Fire and Gas and Emergency

Shutdown ESD) control systems.


01 5 YH 1003

d. Detector Output lnhibit

lnhibit facilities shall be provided for each detector

circuit on the main fire and gas control panel for

maintenance and testing. Operation of these facilities

shall inhibit all automatic-executive control actions from

the relevant fire and gas detectors. All annunciation

facilities shall remain fully functional. All modes of

inhibit shall be clearly identified.

ev

e. Manual Call Points

1

Manual call points shall be provided at strategic

locations around the buildings and Site areas to

enable operations personnel to alert the control

room operator of an incident.

ate

5 8 94

2

Operation of any manual call point shall initiate

an alarm within the control room.

Sheet

13of 6

4.4.4 Fire and Gas Panel

a.

The main fire and gas panel shall be located in the

control building.

It

shall contain all equipment necessary

to provide:



Monitoring and control of all detectors alarm and

line fault openlshort circuit) conditions.

Fire and gas logic implementation.

Control of executive outputs to alarms,

extinguishment and other systems.

Self-testing facilities.

Operator interface.

Serial communication link to DCS for status

reporting.

Future repeat of status signals for transmission

to fire station.

O

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Spedficatbn

The operator interface shall be provided in the form of

a display panel comprising of LEDs, keyswitches and

pushbuttons as necessary to meet the functional

requirements.

The panel displays shall give clear indication of the type

and location of each alarm. Control pushbuttons and

key switches shall be provided for extinguishant

systems, fire pumps, and audible and visual alarms.

Information and controls may be presented in matrix or

graphical mimic format, or combination of both.


01 5-YH-1003

The display panel shall be mounted in a normally

manned control room. It may either be part of the fire

and gas control panel or a separate remotely mounted

panel. For example, when the control panel is required

to be in a normally unmanned room, the display shall be

provided as a separate unit to be mounted in the

manned area.

The display panel shall be powered from the fire and

gas panel, all links between the two should be hard

wired; however, use of redundant serial communication

or multiplexed links may be acceptable subject to

Company approval.

Rev

4.4.5 Alarm System

5-8-94 14

of 26

Audible alarms shall be provided on top of the control building

and throughout the Facility. Pushbuttons on the fire and gas



panel shall init iate separate ton es for f ire, gas and

evacuate.

O

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spmcaiion

4.4 .6 Pow er Supplies

a. Al l f i re and gas detec t ion co ntrol equ ipme nt shall

operate at 24-VDC powered f rom a dedicated

Uninterrupt ible Power Supply (UPS). The UPS shall

comprise charger systems with emergency backup

bat ter ies. Bat tery capaci ty shall be suf f ic ient for 2 4

hours' quiescent operat ion fol lowed by 3 0 minutes

operat ion of the evacua te alarm.

Specification

Number

015-YH-1003

b.

The ba ttery charger system shall be arranged so tha t no

single incident can cu t off al l powe r supplies to the f ire

and gas system.

c .

All cabling or piping associated w ith the s ys tem shall be

sui tably protected to minimise the possibi l ity of damage

arising from f ire or other phy sical causes.

Rev

1

4 5 Firefiahtina Systems and a u i~ m e n t

4.5.1 General

Date

5-8-94

A philosophy has been developed based upon remotely and

locally operated systems relying on rapid manual intervention

and based predom inantly upon the use of a f irew ater r ing main

system.

Sheet

15 of 6

4.5.2 Firewater Supply Tank

Firewater shall be stored in an aboveground storage tank of

nominal capaci ty 20 00 0 barrels (318 0 cubic m etres) provided

w ith an automat ic in f i l l arrangement f rom the Faci li ty 's normal

brackish water supply.

4.5.3 Fire Pumps

a. T w o f ire pumps shall be provided, each rated to supply

10 0% of the maximum ant ic ipated f irewater demand.

Both shall be diesel engine driven, centrifugal pumps,

designed and installed in accordance w it h NFPA 20.

b.

The m axim um anticipated demand fo r each Facil i ty shall

be noted on the relevant pum p data sheet. The

Co ntractor shall chec k this f igure du ring detai l design,

and con f i rm sui tabi li ty. Ma xim um ant icipated demand

shall be based on the largest combination of internal



foam for a tank on fire, external water for cooling the

exposed surfaces of neighbouring tank(s) plus an

allowance for mobile foam cannon and foam hose lines.

Obviously, this will vary depending upon the sizes and

layout of the crude tanks.

nglneering Gmup

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c.

There is a further requirement for a pressure of at least

10.3 barg (150 psig) to be available at the hydraulically

most remote hydrant, while the maximum anticipated

demand is being supplied.

4.5.4 Jockey Pumps


0 1 5 YH 1003

Two electrically powered jockey pumps shall be provided to

maintain pressure in the ring main and obviate the necessity

for the fire pumps to run to make up small losses.

4.5.5 Pump Controls

Rev

The duty fire pump shall normally be started by a signal from

the main fire and gas panel upon loss of ring main pressure

beyond the capacity of the jockey pump to recover.

Dedicated signals shall be provided for duty and standby sets,

but should a duty pump running signal ot be received back

within thirty seconds, then the standby set shall be called

upon in any case. The starting arrangements and sequence

shall comply with NFPA 20 paragraph 7-5-2 and A - I 1-4. Each

pump shall be supplied complete with its own local controller

which shall relay status indications to the main fire and gas

panel.

4.5.6 Firewater Ring Main

Date

5 8 94

a. The firewater ring main shall be 10-in. diameter, laid

with epoxy-lined carbon steel, suitably coated and

wrapped in accordance with the Engineering Group

Specification entitled Piping Material Classes (Number

015-LH-1001).

Sheet

6

of

26

b. Sectioning block valves shall be utilised to isolate a

section of the main which may have failed. They shall

be butterfly valves located in covered concrete pits at

approximately 300-foot (91 m) intervals. This close

spacing limits the number of hydrants or systems

directly affected by any failure and means that if an

incident also arises, then emergency operations will be

disrupted far less. Valve-operating handles and

extended shaftslkeys shall be stowed in the firefighting

equipment boxes.



4.5.7 Fire Hydrants

ngineering Gmup

SpeMcation

Fire hydrants shall be provided throughout the Facility

at not more than 30-m intervals. Each hydrant shall

have a 6-in.-diameter inlet connection and barrel, with

two 2%-in.-diameter valved hose outlets. Around the

tank and process areas, consideration shall be given to

providing a number of 5%-in.-diameter fire engine

pumping connections.

This closer than normal spacing of hydrants will allow

very effective operations particularly if 5 %-in.-diameter

connections are provided for the trailer-mounted foam

and water cannons.


01 5 YH 1003

Firefighting equipment boxes shall be located as shown

on the Project Drawing entitled Fire Protection and

Safety Equipment Layout. They shall provide stowage

for hose and hydrant equipment ready for emergency

use.

4.5.8 Fire Extinguishers

Rev

1

a. Large 75-kg, trolley-mounted, and 12-kg portable dry

powder chemical extinguishers shall be utilised

predominantly on the Facility, with 5-kg CO,

extinguishers provided in the control room, electrical

room, switch gears, instru.ment sets, pantry, UPS room,

and battery room.

b.

Location of fire extinguishers shall be in a safe area;

this shall be consulted with the Company's Fire &

Safety Department.

ate

5 8 94

c. These extinguishers shall not be used for fire watch

duties in relation with the permit to work system. A

separate distinct store of extinguishers shall be

maintained for that purpose.

Sheet

1 7 0 f 6

4.5.9 Mobile Cannons and Monitors

a. For use in more serious incidents, trailer-mounted

foamlwater cannons and water monitors shall be

provided. They shall be parked, under sunshades and

shelters built for the purpose, adjacent to the fire

pumps and by the road leading to the crude tank areas.



b. The foamlwater cannon shall be mounted on an integral

900-1 capacity foam concentrate tank which shall give

more than 10 minutes' supply when operating at

around

7

barg at an induction ratio of 3 .

The tank

shall be capable of being refilled with concentrate by

the Company fire team without shutting the water off.

hglneering Group

SpeMcathn

c.

The water monitor shall be mounted on a bogie-type

trailer and shall be capable of being manhandled or

towed by a vehicle into position. Throughputs up to

2250 Ilmin with a range of up to 40 m shall be possible

when operating at around 7 barg.

4.5.10 Fixed Firefighting Systems

pecification Number

1

~ Y H I O O ~

An integral carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system

shall be supplied within each gas turbine package

(where applicable). These systems will be arranged for

manual operation from the control room as well as

locally by the package.

The crude oil storage tanks shall be provided with fire-

fighting facilities in the form of high-level foam-making

chambers and pourers for internal fires, and a tank roof

water deluge system to protect the exposed surfaces

from an external fire.

ev

Foam solution lines and firewater lines laid across the

bunds shall be buried.

Foam solution collecting heads and deluge valve

stations shall be located outside the bund walls. These

shall be protected by purpose-built radiation shields to

protect firefighting personnel from exposure to radiated

heat.

ate

5 8 94

4.5.1 1 Passive Fire Protection

heet

1 8

f

26

a. Steel loses its strength rapidly when heated and at

450°C has effectively lost its load-bearing capability.

b.

Where structural steelwork supporting equipment may

be exposed to severe fire conditions, t shall require

protecting to maintain its load bearing capability. This

protection shall be achieved by co'ating the steelwork in

an appropriate thermally insulating (fireproofing)

material.



c.

Fireproofing shall as a minimum be provided for the

following:

ngineering mup

peaificatbn

1. Steel framing supporting any equipment

containing flammable materials or where

collapse may cause further hazard.

2.

Skirts of vessels containing flammable materials.

-

specification

Number

01 5-YH-1003

3

Main pipe rack including all spurs and individual

pipe supports.

4. All pipework in the bunds.

Rev

d.

Fireproofing on structures supporting equipment shall be

applied up to the support level of the highest equipment

required to have its support fireproofed. The following

members of the structure should be fireproofed:

1. All stanchions. Casing should be continuous

from the foundation pier to the top flange of the

most elevated equipment support beam. Casing

at the pier should be extended to cover anchor

bolts.

Date

5-8-94

2.

All beams which directly or indirectly support

equipment.

Sheet

19 of 26

3

All bracing and other members which contribute

to the effective strength of such stanchions and

beams.

e.

Fireproofing of skirts and steelwork supporting vessels

shall be applied to:

External and internal surfaces of skirts wi th the

exception of skirts of less than 1.2-m outside diameter

OD)

and with only one access opening which will not

be cased inside. The bottom of the vessel should not

be fireproofed.

f. Fireproofing shall be applied to pipe racks up to a

minimum height of 6 m above grade. The following

members should be fireproofed:

1 All cross beams to the level of the top flanges.

2. All stanchions to the top flange of the highest

cased cross beam. Casings should be



continuous and should be extended at foundation

pier to cover anchor bolts.

O

Enginwing

Group

SpWl catrion

3

Stanchions and longitudinal beams, supporting

air coolers, to the top flange of the support

beam. The support steelwork of the air cooler

itself should be cased up to and including the

support to the tube bundles.

g.

Steelwork thus protected w ith passive fireproofing shall

be able to withstand two hours' exposure to a

hydrocarbon fire. Design and application of fireproofing

shall be in accordance with the Engineering Group

Specification entitled Passive Fireproofing Materials

and Application (Number 015-NH-1004).


01 5-YH-1003

4.6

Safetv Facilities

4.6.1

Site Access for Emergency Vehicles

Rev

1

a. Adequate access for emergency service vehicles to

enter and circulate around the Facility shall be provided.

b. Fire appliances are the largest envisaged such vehicles

Date

5 8 94

and their access requirements are as follows:

Sheet

2 0 of 26

Type of

Appliance

Pumping

Minimum

width of

access

road

Minimum

clearance

height

c. Where the use of a turntable ladder can be foreseen, a

road or hardstanding is required with a minimum width

of 4.3 m. This road shall be positioned so that its

nearer edge is not less than 5.0 m or its further edge is

not more than 10.0 m from the face of the building. A

turntable ladder standing on a road positioned within

these limits shall be able to operate to its maximum

height.

Turning

circle

width

dial

16.76 m

21.30

m

21.30 m

d.

The hydraulic platform needs a road or hardstanding

5.5 wide because of its jacks. If it is required to

Minimum

width of

gateways

3.05 m

3.05

m

3.05 m

Laden

Weight

10.2

tonnes

14.2

tonnes

18.8

tonnes



operate t o i ts maximum height the road or

hardsta nding shal l be posit ioned so tha t i ts nearer edge

is not less than 2.0 m or i ts fur ther edge is not more

than 7.0 m from the face of the bui ld ing. There shal l

a lso be at least 2.2 m of unobstructed space beyond

th is fu rther edge to a l low for th e swe ep o f the boom.

ngineering Group

Specifica n

e. Roads including any manhole covers and uti l i ty service

concrete p i ts shall be capable of carry ing the weights

set ou t above for t he respect ive appl iance.

4.6.2 Personnel Access


01 5 YH 1003

a. Doors

1. Doors shall have a free w idt h of at least

10 00 m m and a free he ight o f a t least 2100 m m

above the f loor .

Rev

2 Doors shal l general ly be orientated so that they

open in a d i rect ion of escape excep t doors t o

pressurised areas w hi ch are t o be instal led so

that they are maintained closed b y the

differential pressure.

3

Doors on escape routes shal l no t be capable of

being locked and shal l be provided wi th sel f-

i l luminated signs.

Date

5 8 94

b. Guardrails

Sheet

21 o

6

The edge o f any wa lkw ay w i th a d rop o f 50 0 m m or

more shal l be provided wi t h f ixe d handrai l wh ich shall

be at least 1 m high. Stanchions shal l be located at

maximum intervals of 1.8 m.

c. Toeboards

An y e levated wa lkw ay or p la t fo rm sha ll be prov ided

w ith toeboards. The height of these shal l be a

min imum

100

mm. An y open ing betwe en the deck and

the toeboard shall not exceed 1 5 mm .

d. Stairs

Stairs shall be prov ided where there is a heigh t change

of 3 0 0 m m or more. Sta i r t reads shall have a non-slip

surface.



O

ngineeringGroup

SpeMa i bn

e. Ladders

Date

Where fixed vertical ladders are used, they shall

have a breadth of at least 400 mm.

Sheet

pecification Number

01 5-YH-1003

2.

There shall be an unobstructed depth behind the

rungs of at least 300 mm. The vertical distance

between the rungs shall not be less than 250

mm and not more than 350 mm. The rungs shall

be evenly spaced for the entire ladder.

Rev

1

Maximum continuous ladder height shall be

9

m. Where

the ladder height exceeds this, rest landings shall be

placed at a maximum of 6-m intervals.

Starting at 2.5 m from the base of the ladder, all

ladders shall be provided with safety cages. The safety

cage shall extend m above the top of the ladder and

the distance from the rungs to the back of the cage

shall not exceed 800 mm

4.6.3 Escape Routes

a. Escape Routes and Access in Process Areas

Access to structures shall take account of the

need for regular visits and maintenance, the

requirements for equipment handling and of

mobile cranes. A combination of stairs, vertical

ladders and platforms may be required.

Walkways and platforms in process areas shall

be designed for safe escape. Equipment layouts

shall, as far as possible, permit walkways and

platforms to be laid out wi th a minimum of dead

ends and give sufficient space at high levels for

safe execution of all routine maintenance

operations.

The minimum width of an escape route shall be

1.2 m. The minimum headroom required above

all escape routes including stairways) is 2. m.

b. Ladders

Vertical ladders shall only be provided as a means of

escape from an area which is already served by one



stairway. Exceptions to this e.g., air cooler platforms)

shall be subject to approval of the Company.

Engln88 Jhg G m p

SpecJficWon

4 6 4 Safety Signs and Notices

a.

Graphic signs shall be prominently displayed to

identify locations of safety, firefighting and

survival equipment.


01 5-YH-1003

b.

In addition, signs shall be installed to inform,

direct and advise on safety matters in both the

Arabic and English languages.

c. All directional signs shall be illuminated.

Rev

1

4 6 5 Personnel Safety

a. Personnel Safety Equipment

Date

5-8-94

1

Suitable safety helmets shall be provided

for use on the plant. Sufficient protective

clothing ear protectors, goggles, self-

contained breathing apparatus, gloves,

overalls and safety boots) shall be

provided for all personnel and visitors.

Sheet

23

of 26

2

All equipment provided shall be kept clean

and in a good state of repair and be readily

available for use when required.

b. Lifting Appliances

All lifting appliances and every item of lifting

equipment shall have been examined and tested..

Each item shall be legibly marked with its safe

working load. Certification of all lifting

appliances shall be undertaken by a third party

nominated by the Company.

c. Machinery Guarding

1.

All exposed moving parts on all machinery

shall be suitably guarded to the

requirement of S

5304

or better to

protect personnel from injury.

2

Guards and safety devices provided shall

be well maintained and kept in position

whilst machinery is running.



d. Personnel Protection Against Hot and Cold

Surfaces

ngineering mup

Specification

1.

Reasonable safeguards shall be adopted to

eliminate the possibility of accidents

caused by personnel coming into contact

with either damaging hot or cold surfaces

which will impart sudden shock or injury.

2

Where surfaces are deliberately exposed

to emit heat or perform cooling functions,

suitable identification and guards shall give

personnel adequate warning. Where this

does not apply, the following temperature

criteria for providing protective insulation

shall be adopted:


1

5 YH 1003

(a) For surfaces within reach from

permanent working floor level and

at high level but within reach from

ladders or any portable access

equipment and where access is

possible, 70°C, and

(b)

for surfaces with a temperature of

10 C or below.

Rev

e.

Where it is not practical to insulate the surface,

a suitable guard with adequate spacing from the

surface shall be installed.

4.6.6 Medical Facilities

Date

5 8 94

Emergency first-aid facilities shall be provided on the Facility,

and these shall be as defined in the Engineering Group

Specification entitled Fire Protection and Safety Equipment

(Number 015-YH-1002). A first-aid room shall be provided

within the control building.

heet

24 of 26

4.6.7 Emergency Safety Showers and Eyebaths

In areas where personnel may come into contact with

hazardous substances, a combined safety shower and eyebath

unit shall be provided. These units shall be supplied from the

Facility potable water supply.



4 7

ESD and Remote Control Safety Eaui~ment

Engineering roup

SpeMcatrion

The ESD system shall be designed to provide safe shutdown

of process and equipment on receipt of an appropriate

shutdown signal. The objectives of the ESD system design

shall be:

a. Protection of human life.


015-YH-1003

b Protection of economic investment.

c. Protection of the environment.

Rev

1

The ESD system shall act independently of all other systems

to sense an abnormal operational or equipment condition. t

shall react to this by shutting down, isolating and, where

appropriate, venting the plant or sections with the objective of

preventing any undue consequential effects.

The ESD system for the Facility shall be an independent

standalone system. t shall be designed to operate in

accordance with the requirements of the Engineering Group

Specification entitled ESD and Depressurising System

Requirements (Number 0 1 5-YH-1004 .

Date

5-8-94

Suitable safety devices shall be provided, capable of remote

manual operation, which, when activated in the event of a fire

emergency in a space or area, shall aid the control of the

emergency by the isolation of any related equipment which

may otherwise provide fuel for the fire.

Sheet

5 of 6

Other valves, critical in upset or fire conditions, shall have

remote actuators fitted to them as part of valve trims.

The remote, manually operated controls for safety devices

shall be centralised as far as is practicable and shall be in

accessible, clearly marked positions which shall be unaffected

in the event of a fire in any of the rooms, spaces or areas

served by such devices.

5 0 CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS

All particular construction requirements are detailed in the Engineering Group

Specifications entitled Fire and Gas Detection Equipment, (Number 0 1 5-YH-

1 0 0 1

Fire Protection and Safety Equipment, (Number

0 1 5-YH-1002

and

Emergency Shutdown and Depressurising System Requirements (Number

0 1 5-YH-1004 .



6 0 PERFOR M NCE REQUIREMENTS

ngineedngGmup

SpeMcatbn

All particular performance requirements are detailed in the Engineering Group

Specifications entitled Fire and Gas Detection Equipment, (Number

0 15-YH-

1 0 0 1

Fire Protection and Safety Equipment, (Number

0 15-YH-1002

and

ESD System Requirements (Number 0 15-YH-1004 .


01 5 YH 1003

Rev

1

Date

5 8 94

Sheet

6 of

26

015-yh-1003 (loss prevention requirements)

Documents