RESPIRATORY SYSTEMRESPIRATORY SYSTEM

By, Dr. Shamanthakamani

Narendran, MD

External Respiration is the exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the blood. 

Internal Respiration is the exchange of gases between the blood and the cells of the body.

Cellular Respiration or Aerobic Respiration involves the use of oxygen to break down glucose in the cell. 

The main job of the respiratory system is to get oxygen into the body and waste gases out of the body.  It is the function of the respiratory system to transport gases to and from the circulatory system.

Respiration is a vital function of all living organisms.

Respiration occurs at TWO DIFFERENT LEVELS: The level of the CELL & ORGANISM

FLOW OF AIR

The nose will do three things to the air we breathe in:

a. Filter the air

b. Warm the air

c. Provide moisture (water vapor or humidity) to the air.

Right and Left BRONCHI

ALVEOLI

The Alveoli consist of thin, flexible membranes that contain an extensive network of Capillaries. The Membranes separate a gas from liquid.  The gas is the air we take in through our Respiratory System, and the liquid is BLOOD.

VENTILATION movement of air to and from the Alveoli.

INHALATION - air is pulled into the LUNGS.

EXHALATION - air is pushed out of the Lungs.

MECHANISM OF BREATHING

THINGS HAPPEN TO THE AIR WE INHALE

a. Oxygen is removed

b. Carbon dioxide is added

c. Water vapor is added.

Blood contains a large amount of CO2 and Little O2.

PULMONARY FUNCTION AND TESTING

Spirometry Techniques

Peak flow meter testing

Pulmonary dynamics

The defense mechanisms of the lung

Principles of allergy and immunity

Bronchial asthma

Therapy of bronchial asthma

Aerosol therapy in children

Bronchectasis

Pathophysiology of pleural fluid collection and management of empyema

Childhood pulmonary tuberculosis

Tuberculin test

BCG vaccination

Pediatric respiratory emergencies

Interpretation of blood gas analysis

Respiratory failure

Pulmonary edema

Oxygen therapy

Ventilatory physiology

Chest physiotherapy

Respiratory disorders

Interpretation of pulmonary function tests (PFT)

Flexible fibreoptic bronchoscopy (FFBS)

Sonography in perplexing pediatric chest problems

In vivo diagnostic procedures in allergy

Diet in respiratory diseases

THANK YOU