1 astm international & committee f37 developing international sport aircraft standards welcome

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ASTM International& Committee F37

Developing International Sport Aircraft Standards

Welcome

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1108 years of developing standards in an open forum for standards development

About ASTM International

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… is to be the foremost developer and provider

of consensus standards, related technical information,

and services having globally recognized quality

and market relevance.

ASTM International’s Primary Objective

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The ASTM International Standards Development Process

Developing Voluntary, Full-Consensus Standards for Materials, Products, Systems & Services World-Wide through Direct-Member participation

ASTM International Has Approximately 12,000 Standards Used Internationally

ASTM International Standards Reflect the Most Current Technology Because they are Living Documents that are Continually Revised

Over 31,000 Members from 123 Countries Participate on ASTM International Committees; Users from 175 countries

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All stakeholders involved Neutral forum Consensus-based procedures Private and public sector cooperation

EXAMPLES:

Aircraft manufacturers • Federal agenciesPilot associations • Insurance professionals Health professionals • Trade associations Financial organizations • Academia

ASTM International: The Power of Partnership

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A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys

D01 on Paint

D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants

D20 on Plastics

E50 on Environmental Assessment

F04 on Medical Devices

F15 on Consumer Products

F24 on Amusement Rides and Devices

F37 on Light Sport Aircraft

F38 on Unmanned Air Vehicle Systems

F39 on General and Utility Category Aircraft Electrical Wiring Systems

140 Technical Committees

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Complexity of the job Urgency of needs Time devoted by members Utilization of new informational technologies

ASTM’s average standard development time is 13 months – 18 months (newer committees average lesser times)

F37 developed 5 standards within 9 months, and a total of 26 standards over 30 months

Time Frame for Developing Information

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Purpose:

• To support regulatory standards needs

• Within 20 months [of May 2004] provide increase in safety by defining standards for regulatory reference addressing LSA presently operating without guidance

• Set world standards for recreational aircraft operations

Focus on F37: Purpose

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Implementation / Phases to Achieve:• 1. Standardize minimum safety, performance, and flight

proficiency requirements

• 2. Install standard controls for QA - ensuring aircraft conform to design criteria

• 3. Support QA with acceptance tests / procedures requiring completed aircraft to meet reported performance

• 4. Roadmap the future of LSA by developing additional standards that continue to build a safe LSA environment beyond those initially envisioned

• 5. Maintain currency and relevancy of standards

Focus on F37:Management Direction

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F37 Snapshot • 230 Members• 26 Published standards; 6 drafts• Over 18 countries participating• Users and adoptions in dozens of countries

F37 Snapshot

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AustraliaAustriaBahamasCanadaCzech RepublicFinlandFranceGermanyIraqItalyNew ZealandRussian FederationSlovakiaSpainSweedenSwitzerlandUnited Kingdom

F37:Non-US Participation

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ASTM Light Sport Aircraft Standards Compliance Overview

Standards Compliance

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ASTM Standards are available for: Airplane Glider Lighter than Air Powered Parachute Weight Shift Reciprocating Spark Ignition Engines Airframe Emergency Parachute

Demonstrating Compliance

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Consensus Standard Topics [See Note 1]

Airplanes Gliders

Gyroplanes [See Note

2]Lighter

Than AirPowered

Parachutes Weight Shift Control

1 Design and PerformanceF2245-04 or

-06F2564-06 F2352-05 F2355-05a F2244-05 F2317/F2317M-05

2 Required EquipmentF2245-04 or

-06F2564-06 F2352-05 F2427-05a F2243-05 F2457-05

3 Quality AssuranceF2279-03 or

-06F2279-06 F2449-05 F2353-05 F2240-05 F2448-04

4 Production Acceptance TestsF2279-03 or

-06F2279-06 F2449-05 F2356-05a F2242-05 F2447-05

5 Aircraft Operating InstructionsF2245-04 or

-06F2564-06 F2352-05 F2427-05a F2243-05 F2457-05

6 Maintenance and Inspection Procedures F2483-05 F2483-05 F2483-05 F2483-05 F2483-05 F2483-05

7Identification and Recording of Major Repairs and

Major AlterationsF2483-05 F2483-05 F2483-05 F2483-05 F2483-05 F2483-05

8 Continued AirworthinessF2295-03 or

-06F2295-06

F2415-05 or -06

F2354-05b F2241-05a F2425-05a

9Manufacturers Assembly Instructions

[Kit builders only]F2563-06 F2563-06 F2563-06 F2563-06 F2563-06 F2563-06

Wing Interface Documentation N/A N/A N/A N/A F2426-05a N/ANOTE 1: Numbered topics are specified by the rule.NOTE 2: Gyroplanes are not eligible for a special light-sport airworthiness certificate.

Accepted ASTM Consensus Standards

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Produce Aircraft

Produce Documents

Establish Authority

Declare Compliance

There are four basic steps to be completed for an aircraft to comply with Special Light Sport Aircraft standards.

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Design, manufacture and test an aircraft meeting the LSA definition using the relevant ASTM standards.

STEP 1 – Produce Aircraft

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Design and Performance Required Equipment Quality Assurance Production Acceptance Aircraft Operating Instructions Maintenance and Inspection Procedures Identification and Recording of Major Repairs and Major Alterations Continued Airworthiness

Produce documents and manuals per the relevant ASTM standards covering:

STEP 2 – Produce Documents

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Quality Assurance Administration

Satellite manufacturing, assembly, and distribution facilities

Safety monitoring and continuing airworthiness support

Overhaul and repair facilities

Level of certification for line maintenance, repairs, alterations, heavy maintenance, overhaul, major repairs and task-specific work

Declarative system requires delegation of authority for certain areas such as:

STEP 3 – Establish Authority

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Present aircraft and documents to aviation authority for a compliance review and an airworthiness inspection.

STEP 4 – Declare Compliance

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Production Testing• Flight

• Structure

• Design and Construction• Integrity of novel or unusual design feature

• Materials

• Fabrication Methods

• Powerplant

• Required Equipment

Design and PerformanceCompliance Overview

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Additional requirements for:

Glider Towing Minimum Climb Performance

Design and Construction

Flight Loads

Water Loads Design Weights and Center of Gravity Positions

Hull and Main Float Load Factors

Hull and Main Float Takeoff Conditions


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Engine Design and Manufacture Airframe Emergency Parachutes Propellers Canopies


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Program Administration Quality Assurance Manual Quality Assurance Record Revision System Annual Audits

Manufacturers of LSA shall develop a Quality Assurance Program including:

Quality Assurance ProgramCompliance Overview

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Engineering and Manufacture• Record of Compliance

• Configuration Control

• Production Documentation

• Special Processes Quality Assurance Inspections Production Acceptance Assignment of QA Duties and

Responsibilities

Quality Assurance ProgramCompliance Overview

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Continued Airworthiness Support• Assignment of Duties

• Manufacturer’s Responsibilities

• Owner/Operator Responsibilities

Determination of Corrective Action

Notice Of Corrective Action

Discontinued Airworthiness Support

Safety Monitoring PlanCompliance Overview

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The standard sets out the duties of both the manufacturer and the owner/operator of a LSA as it relates to continued operational safety.

The standard sets out a method for determining when a manufacturer may issue a “mandatory” bulletin.

If the issue does not qualify for a mandatory bulletin, then the standard allows for two other types of non-mandatory notices to be issued.

Continued Operational Safety Monitoring of a Light Sport Aircraft

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SAFETY ALERT for notifications that require immediate action. (FAA final rule asked for this term to be changed to “SAFETY DIRECTIVE”)

SERVICE BULLETIN for notifications that do not require immediate action but do recommend future action.

NOTIFICATION for notifications that do not necessarily recommend future action but are primarily for promulgation of continued airworthiness information; e.g. revisions to the maintenance manual.

Types of Notices

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Operational Safety Risk Assessment Procedure

• Used to determine appropriate corrective action based on

level of safety effect and safety risk factor.


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CA—Risk Assessment Process

Safety Risk Factor Calculation

Safety Risk Factor = (a) x (b) x (c) + (d) + (e) + (f)(a) = Safety Effect:

Catastrophic = (4) Hazardous = (3) Major = (2) Minor = (1)

(d) = Number of Occurrences:

5+ = (3) 3 to 5 = (2) 1 to 3 = (1)

(b) = Operational Use:

For hire = (2) Personal = (1)

(e) = Events vs. Population:

10 %+ = (2) 1 %+ = (1) 0.1 % = (0) Less than 0.1 % = (-1)

(c) = % Use by Population:

>75 % For hire = (4) >50 % For hire = (3) >25 % For Hire = (2) <25 % For Hire = (1)

(f) = Time between Events:

Over 3 years = (-1) Over 2 years = (0) 1 to 2 years = (1) Less than 1 year = (2)

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The standard also establishes the requirements for the support of a product should a manufacturer no longer be able to support the product.

Continued Operational Safety Monitoring of a Light Sport Aircraft

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General Information

Airplane Systems and Description

Operating Limitations

Weight and Balance information

Performance

Emergency Procedures

Normal Procedures

Aircraft Ground Handling and Servicing

Required Placards and Markings

Supplementary Information

Aircraft Operating InstructionsCompliance Overview

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Each aircraft shall include a handbook All flight speeds will be in CAS

Aircraft Operating InstructionsCompliance Overview

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Only the manufacturer can approve major repairs and alterations on Special Light Sport Aircraft (NO FAA involvement, NO 337’s)

Manufacturer must provide all instructions and specifically designate who can perform the change.

Manufacturer, NOT the FAR’s, provides instructions on how to document change in the aircraft records.

Major Repairs and Alterations SLSA

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ASTM LSA Standards as used by Civil Aviation Authorities

Section 5

No production certificate or type certificate is used in this system.

Compliance is enforced on anas-needed basis. (So far)

U.S. FAA System of Airworthiness for LSA under ASTM Standards

3737

The definition of LSA is slightly different than FAA. For instance, CASA defines LSA as having a max stall speed of 45kts at gross and a Vne of no more than 135kts. There is no max cruise speed.

CASA has not created any airman certificates specifically to match LSA.

Australia CASA